CN106771059B - A kind of intellectual monitoring for ecological zone and preventing control method and system - Google Patents
A kind of intellectual monitoring for ecological zone and preventing control method and system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106771059B CN106771059B CN201611095095.5A CN201611095095A CN106771059B CN 106771059 B CN106771059 B CN 106771059B CN 201611095095 A CN201611095095 A CN 201611095095A CN 106771059 B CN106771059 B CN 106771059B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- water
- soil
- ecological
- prevention
- ecological ditch
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 98
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 31
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 201
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 98
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 claims description 66
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 claims description 22
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- 229930002875 chlorophyll Natural products 0.000 claims description 14
- 235000019804 chlorophyll Nutrition 0.000 claims description 14
- ATNHDLDRLWWWCB-AENOIHSZSA-M chlorophyll a Chemical compound C1([C@@H](C(=O)OC)C(=O)C2=C3C)=C2N2C3=CC(C(CC)=C3C)=[N+]4C3=CC3=C(C=C)C(C)=C5N3[Mg-2]42[N+]2=C1[C@@H](CCC(=O)OC\C=C(/C)CCC[C@H](C)CCC[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)[C@H](C)C2=C5 ATNHDLDRLWWWCB-AENOIHSZSA-M 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 35
- 239000002352 surface water Substances 0.000 abstract description 19
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- YUWBVKYVJWNVLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N [N].[P] Chemical compound [N].[P] YUWBVKYVJWNVLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009313 farming Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007405 data analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004162 soil erosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/24—Earth materials
- G01N33/246—Earth materials for water content
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/18—Water
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/24—Earth materials
- G01N33/245—Earth materials for agricultural purposes
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Electric Means (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of intellectual monitoring for ecological zone and preventing control method and system, passes through the water sample of the water sample and artificial swamp entrance and exit that are detained in the water sample that is detained in automatic collection agricultural land soil, ecological canal and obtains the correlation water index in each water sample；Then pass through different water index and artificial swamp exit part water quality indicator in the middle part of detection ecological canal automatically, and according to different water index and artificial swamp exit part water quality indicator in the middle part of the correlation water index obtained in each water sample and the automatic detection ecological canal, determine corresponding Control Technology, and assess the effect of ecological zone Control Technology, support is provided for the loss of field scale nitrogen phosphorus runoff, simultaneously by this monitoring and preventing control method, the monitoring system of farmland surface water Loss in Runoff is established.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of intelligent monitoring and prevention and control of ecological areas, in particular to an intelligent monitoring and prevention and control method and system for ecological areas.
Background
The water environment deterioration caused by the runoff loss of farmland surface water becomes a ubiquitous environmental problem in the world. The runoff loss of the surface water of the farmland has the characteristics of universality, intermittence and randomness, the time and space variation amplitude of pollution load is large, and the runoff loss output and the influence factors of the surface water on different catchment area scales are different. The current research on the runoff loss mechanism and process of farmland surface water mainly focuses on experimental observation, data analysis and process simulation of farmland scales or runoff plot scales, but few researches on the whole ecological system. Therefore, the establishment of a monitoring system for the runoff loss of the surface water of the farmland is very important.
The difficulty of establishing the system is that firstly, as the detection interval becomes a drainage basin interval, the traditional farmland soil rainwater monitoring instrument can not meet the requirement; secondly, because the range of the watershed interval is wide, workers can hardly monitor and record the runoff upstream, the midstream and the downstream at the same time, and the workload and the working difficulty are doubled. Thirdly, as the workers cannot wait for rain in the farmland, the traditional monitoring mode is that when the workers receive the notification of the rain, the workers arrive at the monitoring site to carry the instrument to measure, and thus important data in the early stage of the rain are often lost.
And the main control factors of the runoff loss of the surface water of the farmland change with different environments (such as the terrain, the farming mode, the soil property, the fertilization mode and the climate characteristics), so the prevention and control technology and means are difficult to determine.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an intelligent monitoring and prevention and control method for ecological areas, which is used for establishing a monitoring system for farmland surface water runoff loss, automatically acquiring water samples in different areas, acquiring water quality indexes in the water samples, automatically detecting other water quality indexes in the different areas, determining corresponding prevention and control technologies, evaluating the effects of the prevention and control technologies of the ecological areas and providing support for field scale nitrogen and phosphorus runoff loss.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme:
an intelligent monitoring and prevention and control method for an ecological area, wherein the ecological area comprises a farmland, an ecological ditch and an artificial wetland; the intelligent monitoring and prevention and control method comprises the following steps:
automatically collecting water samples retained in farmland soil, water samples retained in ecological ditches and water samples at an inlet and an outlet of the artificial wetland;
automatically detecting partial water quality indexes in the ecological ditch and partial water quality indexes at the outlet of the artificial wetland;
acquiring relevant water quality indexes in the water samples according to the water samples retained in the farmland soil, the water samples retained in the ecological ditches and the water samples at the inlet and the outlet of the artificial wetland;
and determining a corresponding prevention and control technology and evaluating the prevention and control technical effect of the prevention and control technology according to the obtained relevant water quality indexes in the water samples, the partial water quality indexes in the automatic detection ecological ditch and the partial water quality indexes at the outlet of the constructed wetland.
Optionally, before the step of automatically collecting the water sample retained in the farmland soil, the water sample retained in the ecological ditch and the water samples at the inlet and the outlet of the artificial wetland, the method further comprises the following steps: acquiring background monitoring data; the background monitoring data includes: rainfall, pre-rain farmland soil moisture and farmland soil compactness.
Optionally, the intelligent detection, prevention and control method further includes: and controlling the automatic acquisition and automatic detection equipment to be turned on and off according to the background monitoring data.
Optionally, the automatic collection farmland soil in the stagnant water sample, ecological ditch in the stagnant water sample and constructed wetland entry and the water sample of export specifically include:
burying a soil moisture extraction device bucket with the height of 1.5 m in farmland soil, digging a cavity at the position of 0.5, 1 and 1.5 m, and automatically collecting a water sample retained in the farmland soil by using the soil moisture extraction device;
arranging an intelligent multifunctional rainwater collector in the ecological ditch, and automatically collecting water samples retained in the ecological ditch area by using the intelligent multifunctional rainwater collector;
and arranging intelligent multifunctional rainwater collectors at the inlet and the outlet of the artificial wetland, and automatically collecting water samples at the inlet and the outlet of the artificial wetland area by using the intelligent multifunctional rainwater collectors.
Optionally, the automatic detection of the water quality index of the part of the ecological ditch and the water quality index of the part of the artificial wetland outlet specifically includes:
arranging an ultrasonic flow velocity meter, a turbidity measuring instrument, a total organic carbon measuring instrument, a soil moisture measuring instrument and a soil conductivity meter in the ecological area to automatically detect the water quality division index in the middle of the ecological ditch;
and arranging a water depth measuring instrument, a PH measuring instrument, a chlorophyll measuring instrument, a turbidity measuring instrument and a total organic carbon measuring instrument at the outlet of the artificial wetland to automatically detect the water quality index of the middle part of the outlet of the artificial wetland.
According to the specific embodiment provided by the invention, the invention discloses the following technical effects:
the invention provides an intelligent monitoring and prevention and control method for an ecological region, which automatically collects water samples retained in farmland soil, water samples retained in ecological ditches and water samples at the inlet and the outlet of an artificial wetland and obtains relevant water quality indexes in each water sample; and then, through automatically detecting the middle water quality index and the artificial wetland outlet part water quality index of the ecological ditch, determining a corresponding prevention and control technology according to the obtained relevant water quality indexes in each water sample and the part water quality indexes in the automatic detection ecological ditch and the part water quality indexes at the artificial wetland outlet part, evaluating the effect of the ecological area prevention and control technology, providing support for field scale nitrogen and phosphorus runoff loss, and simultaneously through the monitoring and prevention and control method, establishing a monitoring system for farmland surface water runoff loss.
The invention also aims to provide an intelligent monitoring and prevention and control system for the ecological region, which establishes a monitoring system for the runoff loss of the surface water of the farmland and determines a corresponding prevention and control technology.
An intelligent monitoring and prevention and control system for ecological engineering is used for monitoring a farmland area, an ecological ditch area and an artificial wetland area; the intelligent detection and system comprises automatic acquisition equipment and automatic detection equipment; the automatic acquisition equipment comprises an intelligent multifunctional rainwater collector and a soil moisture extraction device; the automatic detection equipment comprises a soil moisture measuring instrument, a turbidity measuring instrument, a total organic carbon measuring instrument, a soil conductivity instrument, a PH measuring instrument, a chlorophyll measuring instrument and a water depth measuring instrument; wherein,
the soil moisture extraction device is arranged in the farmland soil and is used for automatically collecting water samples retained in the farmland soil;
the intelligent multifunctional rainwater collector is arranged on the ground of a farmland area, is used for automatically determining rainfall, is arranged in the ecological ditch and at the inlet and the outlet of the artificial wetland, and is used for automatically collecting water samples retained in the ecological ditch area and water samples at the inlet and the outlet of the artificial wetland area;
the soil moisture measuring instrument is arranged in the soil of different layers of the farmland and the soil of different layers in the ecological ditch region and is used for reflecting the lower water seepage amount;
the ultrasonic flow velocity meter is arranged in the ecological ditch and is used for measuring the flow velocity of surface runoff water before entering the ecological ditch and the flow velocity of the surface runoff water after entering the ecological ditch;
the turbidity measuring instrument is arranged in the ecological ditch, is used for measuring the turbidity value of water before the surface runoff water enters the ecological ditch and the turbidity value of water after the surface runoff water enters the ecological ditch, is arranged at the outlet of the artificial wetland, and is used for measuring the turbidity value of water flowing into a river;
the total organic carbon measuring instrument is arranged in the ecological ditch, is used for measuring the total organic carbon value of water before the surface runoff water enters the ecological ditch and the total organic carbon value of water after the surface runoff water enters the ecological ditch, is arranged at the outlet of the artificial wetland, and is used for measuring the total organic carbon value of water flowing into a river;
the soil conductivity meter is arranged in the ecological ditch and used for measuring the change value of soil salinity;
the PH measuring instrument is arranged in the ecological ditch, is used for measuring the PH value of the surface runoff water before entering the ecological ditch and the PH value of the surface runoff water after entering the ecological ditch, is arranged at the outlet of the artificial wetland, and is used for measuring the PH value of the water flowing into a river;
the chlorophyll measuring instrument is arranged at the outlet of the constructed wetland and is used for measuring the chlorophyll value of vegetation;
the water depth measuring instrument is arranged in the artificial wet area and used for measuring the water depth.
Optionally, the intelligent monitoring and prevention and control system further includes: the system comprises a weather station, an intelligent multifunctional rainwater collector and a soil sample detector; wherein,
the weather station is arranged on the ground of the farmland area and used for collecting weather data;
the intelligent multifunctional rainwater collector is arranged on the ground of a farmland area and used for automatically collecting rainwater
The soil sample detector is arranged on the ground of the farmland area and used for detecting moisture and soil compactness in soil before rain.
Optionally, the intelligent monitoring and prevention and control system further includes: a data receiving and transmitting device; the data receiving and sending device is used for receiving commands and transmitting data.
Optionally, the intelligent monitoring and prevention and control system further includes: an early warning system;
and the early warning system is used for judging whether the related water quality indexes exceed corresponding threshold values set in the intelligent monitoring and prevention and control system or not according to the related water quality indexes acquired in different areas, and if so, sending alarm information.
Optionally, the intelligent monitoring and prevention and control system further includes: a central service system;
the central service system is used for outputting a control command according to the meteorological data, the rainfall, the moisture in the soil before rain and the soil compactness; the control command is used for controlling the opening and closing of automatic acquisition equipment and automatic detection equipment in the intelligent monitoring, prevention and control system. .
According to the specific embodiment provided by the invention, the invention discloses the following technical effects:
the invention provides an intelligent monitoring and prevention and control system for an ecological area, which monitors the runoff loss of surface water of a farmland in real time by arranging a plurality of acquisition devices and automatic detection devices in the farmland, ecological ditches and artificial wetland areas, determines water quality indexes of different areas according to data acquired by the automatic acquisition devices and the automatic detection devices, further determines corresponding prevention and control technologies, and provides support for surface runoff loss pollution and prevention and control decisions.
In addition, by researching multi-source data acquisition and intelligent identification technologies, developing intelligent data acquisition equipment, integrating technologies such as solar power generation and low-power consumption remote data communication and the like, a cloud monitoring and service system of key indexes of nitrogen and phosphorus runoff areas is constructed, monitoring informatization, automation and intelligence are achieved, and technical support is provided for scientific research of field water and soil environments.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without inventive exercise.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of an intelligent monitoring and prevention and control method for an ecological area according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an intelligent monitoring and prevention and control system for an ecological utilization area in an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention aims to provide an intelligent monitoring and prevention and control method for ecological areas, which determines corresponding prevention and control technologies by determining and acquiring water quality indexes of different ecological areas and evaluates the effects of the prevention and control technologies of the ecological areas, and provides support for field scale nitrogen and phosphorus runoff loss.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.
As shown in fig. 1, fig. 1 is a flowchart of an intelligent monitoring and prevention and control method for an ecological area, including:
step 101: automatically collecting water samples retained in farmland soil, water samples retained in ecological ditches and water samples at an inlet and an outlet of the artificial wetland; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
a soil moisture extraction device bucket with the height of 1.5 m is buried in farmland soil, a hole is dug at the position of 0.5, 1 and 1.5 m, and a water sample retained in the farmland soil is automatically collected by the soil moisture extraction device.
The method comprises the steps that an intelligent multifunctional rainwater collector is arranged in an ecological ditch, and water samples retained in an ecological ditch area are automatically collected by the intelligent multifunctional rainwater collector.
And arranging intelligent multifunctional rainwater collectors at the inlet and the outlet of the artificial wetland, and automatically collecting water samples at the inlet and the outlet of the artificial wetland area by using the intelligent multifunctional rainwater collectors.
Step 102: the method for automatically detecting the partial water quality indexes of the ecological ditch and the partial water quality indexes of the outlet of the constructed wetland specifically comprises the following steps:
an ultrasonic flow velocity meter, a turbidity measuring instrument, a total organic carbon measuring instrument, a soil moisture measuring instrument and a soil conductivity meter are arranged in the ecological area to automatically detect the water quality division index in the middle of the ecological ditch.
And arranging a water depth measuring instrument, a PH measuring instrument, a chlorophyll measuring instrument, a turbidity measuring instrument and a total organic carbon measuring instrument at the outlet of the artificial wetland to automatically detect the water quality index of the middle part of the outlet of the artificial wetland.
Step 103: and acquiring relevant water quality indexes in the water samples according to the water samples retained in the farmland soil, the water samples retained in the ecological ditch and the water samples at the inlet and the outlet of the artificial wetland.
Step 104: and determining a corresponding prevention and control technology and evaluating the prevention and control technical effect of the prevention and control technology according to the obtained relevant water quality indexes in the water samples, the partial water quality indexes in the automatic detection ecological ditch and the partial water quality indexes at the outlet of the constructed wetland.
For example: under a typical rice farming mode, a main control factor of water environment deterioration caused by runoff loss of farmland surface water is water (irrigation and rainfall) fertilizer, and water control and fertilizer control of the water environment deterioration caused by runoff loss of the farmland surface water of the paddy field are carried out by determining a reasonable fertilization technology according to water content and nitrogen and phosphorus concentration in water quality indexes and main source water control and fertilizer control of prevention and control measures.
Under the plain dry land cultivation mode, the main control factors of water environment deterioration caused by the runoff loss of the surface water of the farmland are rainfall, crop species, soil properties, vegetation coverage, irrigation and fertilization, and according to the water content, the salinity change value, the chlorophyll value, the pH value, the nitrogen and phosphorus concentration and the like in the water quality index, the prevention and control measures can carry out 'water and fertilizer coupling management-runoff macroscopic regulation and control' aiming at the early warning index.
Under the cultivation mode of the slope farmland, the main control factors of surface water runoff loss are slope, rainfall runoff process, soil erosion process, surface solute dissolving-out process and soil solute leakage, and according to water content, salt change value, chlorophyll value, pH value, nitrogen and phosphorus concentration and the like in water quality indexes, the prevention and control measures of the method mainly combine straw or grass mulching, cross slope ridge culture, high-gradient planting and precise balanced fertilization technologies.
The intelligent monitoring and prevention and control method further comprises the following steps: before the step of automatically collecting the water samples remained in the farmland soil, the water samples remained in the ecological ditch and the water samples at the inlet and the outlet of the artificial wetland, the method further comprises the following steps: acquiring background monitoring data; the background monitoring data includes: rainfall, farmland soil moisture before rain and farmland soil compactness and according to the background monitoring data, the automatic acquisition and detection equipment is controlled to be opened and closed.
In the embodiment, water samples remained in farmland soil, water samples remained in ecological ditches and water samples at the inlet and the outlet of the artificial wetland are automatically collected, and relevant water quality indexes in the water samples are obtained; and then, through automatically detecting the middle water quality index and the artificial wetland outlet part water quality index of the ecological ditch, determining a corresponding prevention and control technology according to the obtained relevant water quality indexes in each water sample and the part water quality indexes in the automatic detection ecological ditch and the part water quality indexes at the artificial wetland outlet part, evaluating the effect of the ecological area prevention and control technology, providing support for field scale nitrogen and phosphorus runoff loss, and simultaneously through the monitoring and prevention and control method, establishing a monitoring system for farmland surface water runoff loss.
Another objective of the present invention is to provide an intelligent monitoring and prevention and control system for ecological areas, which can determine the corresponding prevention and control technologies, and provide support for surface water runoff loss pollution and prevention and control decisions.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the embodiments more comprehensible, the present invention is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description.
The background technology of the application is based on regional scale, and is used for monitoring the process from a farmland outlet to an earth surface water inlet. At present, a relatively common prevention and control technology based on regional scale is an ecological engineering technology, including ecological ditches, plant buffer zone interception and artificial wetland purification, and assessment of the ecological engineering technology is expressed by intercepting nitrogen and phosphorus concentration and other relevant water quality indexes (pH value, water turbidity, TOC content in water, water flow rate, chlorophyll content in water and the like).
As shown in fig. 2, fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an intelligent monitoring and controlling system for an ecological region, including: a farmland monitoring system 201, an ecological ditch monitoring system 202 and an artificial wetland monitoring system 203.
Each monitoring system is respectively provided with a set of solar power supply device 204 and a set of data receiving and transmitting device 205.
The farmland monitoring system 201 comprises: the system comprises an intelligent multifunctional rainwater collector, a soil moisture measuring instrument, a soil moisture extraction device, a meteorological station and a soil sample detector; wherein,
the weather station is arranged on the ground of the farmland area and used for collecting weather data; the meteorological data includes: air temperature, air humidity, wind speed, wind direction, rainfall and other basic factors.
The soil sample detector is arranged on the ground of the farmland area and used for monitoring moisture, nitrogen and phosphorus concentration and soil compactness in soil before rain.
The intelligent multifunctional rainwater collector is arranged on the ground of a farmland area and used for automatically determining rainfall.
The soil moisture measuring instrument is arranged in different layers of farmland soil and is used for determining the water content in the different layers of the farmland soil and indirectly determining the infiltration amount.
The soil moisture extraction device is used for burying a bucket with the height of 1.5 meters in farmland soil, digging a cavity at the position of 0.5, 1 and 1.5 meters, and extracting and measuring the downward-seeping rainwater by using the soil moisture extraction device for automatically collecting water samples retained in the farmland soil; the soil moisture extraction device comprises a soil solution sampling tube, a negative pressure vacuum pump and a negative pressure vacuum pump controller.
The ecological ditch monitoring system 202 includes: the device comprises an ultrasonic flow velocity meter, a turbidity measuring instrument, a total organic carbon measuring instrument, a soil moisture measuring instrument, a soil conductivity meter and an intelligent multifunctional rainwater collector.
The ultrasonic flow rate meter is arranged in the ecological ditch and used for measuring the flow velocity of water before the surface runoff water enters the ecological ditch and the flow velocity of water after the surface runoff water enters the ecological ditch.
The turbidity measuring instrument is arranged in the ecological ditch and used for measuring the turbidity value of water before the surface runoff water enters the ecological ditch and the turbidity value of water after the surface runoff water enters the ecological ditch.
The total organic carbon measuring instrument is arranged in the ecological ditch and used for measuring the total organic carbon value of water before the surface runoff water enters the ecological ditch and the total organic carbon value of water after the surface runoff water enters the ecological ditch.
The soil conductivity meter is arranged in the ecological ditch and used for measuring the change value of soil salinity.
The soil moisture measuring instrument is arranged in different layers of soil in the ecological ditch region and used for determining the water content in different layers of farmland soil and indirectly determining the water infiltration amount.
The intelligent multifunctional rainwater collector is arranged in the ecological ditch and used for automatically collecting water samples retained in the ecological ditch area.
The constructed wetland monitoring system 203 comprises: a water depth measuring instrument, an intelligent multifunctional rainwater collector, a PH measuring instrument, a chlorophyll measuring instrument, a turbidity measuring instrument and a total organic carbon measuring instrument.
The intelligent multifunctional rainwater collector is arranged at the inlet and the outlet of the artificial wetland and is used for automatically collecting water samples at the inlet and the outlet of the artificial wetland area.
The turbidity measuring instrument is arranged at the outlet of the artificial wetland and is used for measuring the turbidity value of water flowing into a river;
and the total organic carbon measuring instrument is arranged at the outlet of the artificial wetland and is used for measuring the total organic carbon value of water flowing into a river.
And the PH measuring instrument is arranged at the outlet of the artificial wetland and is used for measuring the PH value of the water flowing into the river.
The chlorophyll measuring instrument is arranged at the outlet of the constructed wetland and is used for measuring the chlorophyll value of the vegetation.
The water depth measuring instrument is arranged in the artificial wet area and used for measuring the water depth.
Substances such as nitrogen and phosphorus are difficult to detect and obtain in real time in an online mode, so that water samples in corresponding areas need to be obtained, and then the water samples are analyzed in a laboratory, and water quality indexes of the water samples in different areas are obtained and determined.
Data receiving and transmitting system 205: and the automatic acquisition equipment and the automatic detection equipment are used for receiving commands and automatically detecting the water quality index data of the farmland monitoring system 201, the ecological ditch monitoring system 202 and the constructed wetland monitoring system 203 and sending the water quality index data to the farmland monitoring system 201, the ecological ditch monitoring system 202 and the constructed wetland monitoring system 203.
The intelligent detection and prevention and control system further comprises: a central service system 206;
the central service system 206 is configured to output a control command to the data receiving and sending device 205 according to the meteorological data, the rainfall, the moisture in the soil before rain, and the soil compactness; the control command is used for controlling the opening and closing of automatic acquisition equipment and automatic detection equipment in the farmland monitoring system 201, the ecological ditch monitoring system 202 and the constructed wetland monitoring system 203.
The central service system 206 is further configured to receive water quality index data that is automatically detected by the farmland monitoring system 201, the ecological ditch monitoring system 202, and the constructed wetland monitoring system 203 and transmitted by the data receiving and transmitting device 205, and summarize water quality indexes of different areas in the whole ecological area according to the water quality indexes determined by laboratory analysis.
If the collected data from the meteorological station, the soil sample detector and the soil moisture measuring instrument exceed the threshold value of the farmland soil water sample sampling, the soil moisture extraction device starts to work. If rainfall occurs or the soil moisture changes by more than 5%, the soil moisture extraction device is automatically started to work.
The intelligent monitoring and prevention and control system further comprises: an early warning system 207;
the early warning system 207 is configured to collect water quality index data of different areas in the entire ecological area according to the central service system 206, determine whether the relevant water quality index exceeds a corresponding threshold set in the intelligent monitoring and control system, and if so, send an alarm message or send a short message to instruct a manager to perform manual intervention.
The solar power supply system 204: is used for providing power for the farmland monitoring system 201, the ecological ditch monitoring system 202 and the constructed wetland monitoring system 203.
The embodiment provides intelligent monitoring system is on the basis of current open-air monitoring instrument, through research multisource data acquisition and intelligent identification technique, development intelligent data acquisition equipment, technologies such as integrated solar energy power generation, low-power consumption remote data communication construct the cloud monitoring and the service system of the regional key index of nitrogen phosphorus runoff, realize the information-based, automatic, the intellectuality of monitoring, provide technical support for open-air water and soil environment scientific research.
Meanwhile, as no perfect field long-term automatic monitoring of farmland surface water runoff loss exists internationally at present, the method is mainly characterized in that firstly, the prevention and control effect of the ecological engineering technology is evaluated by automatically detecting relevant water quality indexes, secondly, the early warning of the relevant water quality indexes is considered, and the purpose of the early warning is to assist a controller to make corresponding prevention and control technologies of field scale by informing different indexes approaching to a 'warning line', so that corresponding water quality samples can be automatically collected: including infiltration of water in the soil and loss of water samples from the earth's surface.
In addition, the key technical problem to be solved by the invention comprises three aspects. One is an intelligent acquisition and identification technology of monitoring instrument data based on cloud computing. Under the condition of ensuring the completeness of the existing instrument, the unified acquisition and cloud sending of instrument monitoring data are realized, wherein the protocol identification of a physical layer intelligent interface construction and an application layer protocol identification is included, particularly, the protocol intelligent identification technology based on cloud computing can realize that the protocol of new equipment can be analyzed through cloud service without replacing data acquisition equipment under the condition of newly added monitoring instruments.
Secondly, intelligent power consumption control and multisource power supply technology, the power consumption of the existing monitoring equipment is large, and stable power supply is a serious challenge during long-term field monitoring. On one hand, the power supply requirement of instrument operation needs to be met, and on the other hand, the miniaturization and low cost of the system need to be realized, so that the intelligent power consumption control technology is a difficult point to be solved by the invention. The invention researches a power consumption intelligent control technology based on business requirements, reduces the overall power consumption of the system, improves the electric energy use efficiency, simultaneously expands an energy acquisition mode, adopts various power generation modes including solar energy and wind energy and ensures the reliable operation of the system.
And thirdly, acquiring soil water samples at different depths.
And secondly, by combining a solar power supply technology with a system sleep mode, stable power output is obtained, the power supply condition of a series of equipment for long-term monitoring in the field can be met, and meanwhile, partial instruments are ensured to work only in the rainfall period. This slows down the supply pressure and also extends the service life of the instrument. Finally, the intelligent monitoring system completely achieves unmanned operation, researchers do not need to fall in farmlands and the like, and data in the early stage of rainfall can be prevented from being lost due to the fact that sudden rainfall workers cannot arrive at the site in time. Meanwhile, the detection data are sent to the cloud server through the remote transmission system, and workers can observe and analyze the data at the first time under the condition that a network exists.
The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.
The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described herein using specific examples, which are provided only to help understand the method and the core concept of the present invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, the specific embodiments and the application range may be changed. In view of the above, the present disclosure should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Claims (5)
1. An intelligent monitoring and prevention and control system for ecological engineering is characterized in that the intelligent monitoring and prevention and control system is used for monitoring a farmland area, an ecological ditch area and an artificial wetland area; the intelligent monitoring and prevention and control system comprises automatic acquisition equipment and automatic detection equipment; the automatic acquisition equipment comprises an intelligent multifunctional rainwater collector and a soil moisture extraction device; the automatic detection equipment comprises a soil moisture measuring instrument, an ultrasonic flow velocity meter, a turbidity measuring instrument, a total organic carbon measuring instrument, a soil conductivity meter, a pH measuring instrument, a chlorophyll measuring instrument and a water depth measuring instrument; wherein,
the soil moisture extraction device is arranged in the farmland soil and is used for automatically collecting water samples retained in the farmland soil;
the intelligent multifunctional rainwater collector is arranged on the ground of a farmland area, is used for automatically collecting rainwater, is arranged in the ecological ditch and at the inlet and the outlet of the artificial wetland, and is used for automatically collecting water samples retained in the ecological ditch area and water samples at the inlet and the outlet of the artificial wetland area;
the soil moisture measuring instrument is arranged in the soil of different layers of the farmland and the soil of different layers in the ecological ditch region and is used for reflecting the lower water seepage amount;
the ultrasonic flow velocity meter is arranged in the ecological ditch and is used for measuring the flow velocity of surface runoff water before entering the ecological ditch and the flow velocity of the surface runoff water after entering the ecological ditch;
the turbidity measuring instrument is arranged in the ecological ditch, is used for measuring the turbidity value of water before the surface runoff water enters the ecological ditch and the turbidity value of water after the surface runoff water enters the ecological ditch, is arranged at the outlet of the artificial wetland, and is used for measuring the turbidity value of water flowing into a river;
the total organic carbon measuring instrument is arranged in the ecological ditch, is used for measuring the total organic carbon value of water before the surface runoff water enters the ecological ditch and the total organic carbon value of water after the surface runoff water enters the ecological ditch, is arranged at the outlet of the artificial wetland, and is used for measuring the total organic carbon value of water flowing into a river;
the soil conductivity meter is arranged in the ecological ditch and used for measuring the change value of soil salinity;
the pH measuring instrument is arranged in the ecological ditch and used for measuring the pH value of the surface runoff water before entering the ecological ditch and the pH value of the surface runoff water after entering the ecological ditch, and is arranged at the outlet of the artificial wetland and used for measuring the pH value of the water flowing into a river;
the chlorophyll measuring instrument is arranged at the outlet of the constructed wetland and is used for measuring the chlorophyll value of vegetation;
the water depth measuring instrument is arranged in the artificial wet area and used for measuring the water depth.
2. The intelligent monitoring and prevention and control system for ecological engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that, the intelligent monitoring and prevention and control system further comprises: the system comprises a weather station, an intelligent multifunctional rainwater collector and a soil sample detector; wherein,
the weather station is arranged on the ground of the farmland area and used for collecting weather data;
the intelligent multifunctional rainwater collector is arranged on the ground of a farmland area and is used for automatically determining rainfall capacity;
the soil sample detector is arranged on the ground of the farmland area and used for detecting moisture and soil compactness in soil before rain.
3. The intelligent monitoring and prevention and control system for ecological engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that, the intelligent monitoring and prevention and control system further comprises: a data receiving and transmitting device; the data receiving and sending device is used for receiving commands and transmitting data.
4. The intelligent monitoring and prevention and control system for ecological engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that, the intelligent monitoring and prevention and control system further comprises: an early warning system;
and the early warning system is used for judging whether the related water quality indexes exceed corresponding threshold values set in the intelligent monitoring and prevention and control system or not according to the related water quality indexes acquired in different areas, and if so, sending alarm information.
5. The intelligent monitoring and prevention and control system for ecological engineering according to claim 2, characterized in that, the intelligent monitoring and prevention and control system further comprises: a central service system;
the central service system is used for outputting a control command according to the meteorological data, the rainfall, the moisture in the soil before rain and the soil compactness; the control command is used for controlling the opening and closing of automatic acquisition equipment and automatic detection equipment in the intelligent monitoring, prevention and control system.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611095095.5A CN106771059B (en) | 2016-12-02 | 2016-12-02 | A kind of intellectual monitoring for ecological zone and preventing control method and system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611095095.5A CN106771059B (en) | 2016-12-02 | 2016-12-02 | A kind of intellectual monitoring for ecological zone and preventing control method and system |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN106771059A CN106771059A (en) | 2017-05-31 |
| CN106771059B true CN106771059B (en) | 2019-01-22 |
Family
ID=58884097
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611095095.5A Active CN106771059B (en) | 2016-12-02 | 2016-12-02 | A kind of intellectual monitoring for ecological zone and preventing control method and system |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN106771059B (en) |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107884530B (en) * | 2017-09-20 | 2021-02-05 | 江苏杰创科技有限公司 | Water quality chemical pollution on-line monitoring, evaluation and early warning sensor network node system |
| CN108107172A (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2018-06-01 | 中国科学院测量与地球物理研究所 | Rice field nitrogen phosphorus runoff is lost in monitoring and prior-warning device and its application method |
| CN108956950A (en) * | 2018-07-23 | 2018-12-07 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | A kind of pollution of area source real-time monitoring system laid based on slope furrow |
| CN111983190A (en) * | 2020-08-20 | 2020-11-24 | 贵州师范大学 | Soil erosion monitoring system for depression and use method thereof |
| CN114897920B (en) * | 2022-07-15 | 2022-10-04 | 天津市勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Road void edge segmentation method based on Sobel algorithm |
| CN115900834B (en) * | 2023-01-09 | 2024-07-16 | 南方科技大学台州研究院 | Integrated monitoring system integrating air, water and land |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101021433A (en) * | 2007-02-17 | 2007-08-22 | 奕永庆 | Precipitation runoff measuring device and method thereof |
| CN102937462A (en) * | 2012-11-06 | 2013-02-20 | 清华大学 | River ecology monitoring method |
| CN103177303A (en) * | 2013-04-18 | 2013-06-26 | 清华大学 | Data management system based on river ecological monitoring |
| CN104596798A (en) * | 2015-01-20 | 2015-05-06 | 同济大学 | Rainfall runoff collector |
| CN104808262A (en) * | 2015-05-20 | 2015-07-29 | 东北林业大学 | Long-term forest eco-hydrology water yield automation dynamic measurement method and device |
| CN105621617A (en) * | 2016-01-07 | 2016-06-01 | 长沙理工大学 | Comprehensive purifying device for road runoff |
-
2016
- 2016-12-02 CN CN201611095095.5A patent/CN106771059B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101021433A (en) * | 2007-02-17 | 2007-08-22 | 奕永庆 | Precipitation runoff measuring device and method thereof |
| CN102937462A (en) * | 2012-11-06 | 2013-02-20 | 清华大学 | River ecology monitoring method |
| CN103177303A (en) * | 2013-04-18 | 2013-06-26 | 清华大学 | Data management system based on river ecological monitoring |
| CN104596798A (en) * | 2015-01-20 | 2015-05-06 | 同济大学 | Rainfall runoff collector |
| CN104808262A (en) * | 2015-05-20 | 2015-07-29 | 东北林业大学 | Long-term forest eco-hydrology water yield automation dynamic measurement method and device |
| CN105621617A (en) * | 2016-01-07 | 2016-06-01 | 长沙理工大学 | Comprehensive purifying device for road runoff |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 太湖地区稻田氮磷养分径流流失及控制技术研究;夏小江;《中国优秀博士学位论文全文数据库（电子期刊）》;20131215(第5期);第17、45-51页 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN106771059A (en) | 2017-05-31 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN106771059B (en) | A kind of intellectual monitoring for ecological zone and preventing control method and system | |
| KR101328026B1 (en) | Aquatic environment monitoring system using the profiling technology according to water depth and aquatic environment monitoring method | |
| CN106035003A (en) | Water saving and control intelligent management method for regulating and controlling paddy field non-point source pollution | |
| McKergow et al. | Stormflow dynamics and loads of Escherichia coli in a large mixed land use catchment | |
| CN110533258B (en) | Early warning and evaluation method and system for waterlogging of rice and wheat crop rotation farmland | |
| CN109601347A (en) | A kind of agricultural automation irrigation system | |
| CN108713481B (en) | Photovoltaic metering pump valve intelligent system | |
| CN207885191U (en) | A kind of field irrigation system | |
| CN115046582A (en) | Agricultural non-point source pollution monitoring big data management system | |
| Gray et al. | The impact of cattle grazing and treading on soil properties and the transport of phosphorus, sediment and E. coli in surface runoff from grazed pasture | |
| CN204613723U (en) | Novel intelligent irrigation system | |
| Cipolla et al. | Real time monitoring of water quality in an agricultural area with salinity problems | |
| CN213399276U (en) | Canal system water resource allocation system based on LORA communication technology | |
| Miles et al. | Spatial distribution and temporal variability in the forms of phosphorus in the Beaver River subwatershed of Lake Simcoe, Ontario, Canada | |
| CN108337312A (en) | Gate measures water integrated control method, apparatus and system | |
| CN213358488U (en) | Intelligent analysis and allocation system for canal system water | |
| CN205450843U (en) | Intelligent agriculture remote monitoring device | |
| CN211703203U (en) | Accurate intelligent irrigation and drainage system for tea leaves | |
| CN201196606Y (en) | Drain collecting pipe and device under paddy-upland rotation condition | |
| CN101246093B (en) | Drain collecting pipe and device under paddy-upland rotation condition | |
| Chiu et al. | Development of a wireless sensor network for tracking flood irrigation management in production-sized rice fields in the mid-south | |
| Ma et al. | Design and implementation of water saving irrigation system based on ZigBee sensor network | |
| CN210401407U (en) | Soil moisture control pond | |
| Carrick et al. | Challenges for leachate monitoring from alluvial sedimentary soils | |
| CN205384274U (en) | Water quality monitoring data acquisition device |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CB03 | Change of inventor or designer information |
Inventor after: Zhao Jinbo Inventor after: Zheng Shaokui Inventor after: Liu Shiliang Inventor after: Zhao Cuanyue Inventor after: Chang Yuexin Inventor after: Chen Ming Inventor before: Zhao Jinbo Inventor before: Zheng Shaokui Inventor before: Liu Shiliang Inventor before: Zhao Cuanyue Inventor before: Chang Yuexin Inventor before: Chen Ming |
|
| CB03 | Change of inventor or designer information |