CN106771059B - A kind of intelligent monitoring and prevention and control method and system for ecological area - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a kind of intellectual monitoring for ecological zone and preventing control method and system, passes through the water sample of the water sample and artificial swamp entrance and exit that are detained in the water sample that is detained in automatic collection agricultural land soil, ecological canal and obtains the correlation water index in each water sample；Then pass through different water index and artificial swamp exit part water quality indicator in the middle part of detection ecological canal automatically, and according to different water index and artificial swamp exit part water quality indicator in the middle part of the correlation water index obtained in each water sample and the automatic detection ecological canal, determine corresponding Control Technology, and assess the effect of ecological zone Control Technology, support is provided for the loss of field scale nitrogen phosphorus runoff, simultaneously by this monitoring and preventing control method, the monitoring system of farmland surface water Loss in Runoff is established.

Description

A kind of intelligent monitoring and prevention and control method and system for ecological area

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of intelligent monitoring and prevention and control of ecological areas, in particular to an intelligent monitoring and prevention and control method and system for ecological areas.

Background technique

The deterioration of water environment caused by the runoff of farmland surface water has become a common environmental problem in the world. The runoff loss of farmland surface water is extensive, intermittent and random, and the pollution load varies greatly in time and space. The runoff output of surface water and its influencing factors on different catchment scales often show different characteristics. The current research on the mechanism and process of farmland surface water runoff loss mainly focuses on experimental observation, data analysis and process simulation at the farmland scale or runoff cell scale, but there are few studies on the overall ecosystem. Therefore, the establishment of a monitoring system for farmland surface water runoff loss is particularly important.

The difficulties in establishing this system are: first, since the detection interval has become a watershed interval, traditional farmland soil rainwater monitoring instruments can no longer meet the needs; Downstream monitoring and recording, the workload and difficulty of the work are doubled. Third, because the staff cannot wait for the rain in the farmland, the traditional monitoring method is that when the rainfall notification is received, the staff rushes to the monitoring site to carry the instrument to measure, which often leads to the loss of important data in the early stage of the rainfall.

Moreover, the main controlling factors of farmland surface water runoff change with different environments (such as terrain, farming patterns, soil properties, fertilization methods, and climate characteristics), so its prevention and control techniques and means are also difficult to determine.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to provide an intelligent monitoring and prevention method for ecological areas, through this intelligent monitoring and prevention and control method, a monitoring system for farmland surface water runoff loss is established, and by automatically collecting reclaimed water samples in different areas and obtaining Water quality indicators in water samples, as well as automatic detection of other water quality indicators in different regions, determine corresponding prevention and control technologies, and evaluate the effects of ecological region prevention and control technologies, providing support for field-scale nitrogen and phosphorus runoff loss.

For achieving the above object, the present invention provides the following scheme:

An intelligent monitoring and prevention and control method for an ecological area, the ecological area includes farmland, ecological ditches and artificial wetlands; the intelligent monitoring and prevention and control method includes:

Automatically collect water samples retained in farmland soil, water samples retained in ecological ditches, and water samples at the entrance and exit of constructed wetlands;

Automatically detect some water quality indicators in ecological ditches and some water quality indicators at the exit of constructed wetlands;

According to the water samples retained in the farmland soil, the water samples retained in the ecological ditches, and the water samples at the inlet and outlet of the constructed wetland, obtain relevant water quality indicators in each water sample;

According to the obtained relevant water quality indicators in each water sample and the automatic detection of some water quality indicators in the ecological ditch and some water quality indicators at the exit of the constructed wetland, the corresponding prevention and control technology is determined and the effect of the prevention and control technology is evaluated.

Optionally, before performing the step of automatically collecting the water samples retained in the farmland soil, the water samples retained in the ecological ditches, and the water samples at the inlet and outlet of the constructed wetland, the method further includes: acquiring background monitoring data; the background monitoring data Including: rainfall, farmland soil moisture before rain, and farmland soil compaction.

Optionally, the intelligent detection and prevention and control method further includes: controlling the opening and closing of automatic collection and automatic detection equipment according to the background monitoring data.

Optionally, the automatic collection of water samples retained in farmland soil, water samples retained in ecological ditches, and water samples at the inlet and outlet of constructed wetlands specifically includes:

A bucket of a soil moisture extraction device with a height of 1.5 meters is embedded in the farmland soil, and holes are dug at 0.5, 1, and 1.5 meters, and the water samples retained in the farmland soil are automatically collected by the soil moisture extraction device;

An intelligent multifunctional rainwater collector is arranged in the ecological ditch, and the intelligent multifunctional rainwater collector is used to automatically collect water samples retained in the ecological ditch area;

An intelligent multifunctional rainwater collector is arranged at the entrance and exit of the constructed wetland, and the intelligent multifunctional rainwater collector is used to automatically collect water samples at the entrance and exit of the constructed wetland area.

Optionally, the automatic detection of some water quality indicators in the ecological ditch and some water quality indicators at the exit of the constructed wetland specifically includes:

Set up ultrasonic flow meter, turbidity meter, total organic carbon meter, soil moisture meter and soil conductivity meter in the ecological area to automatically detect some water quality indicators in ecological ditches;

A water depth measuring instrument, a pH measuring instrument, a chlorophyll measuring instrument, a turbidity measuring instrument and a total organic carbon measuring instrument are installed at the exit of the constructed wetland to automatically detect some water quality indicators at the exit of the constructed wetland.

According to the specific embodiments provided by the present invention, the present invention discloses the following technical effects:

The present invention provides an intelligent monitoring and control method for ecological areas, by automatically collecting water samples retained in farmland soil, water samples retained in ecological ditches, and water samples at the inlet and outlet of constructed wetlands, and obtaining the water samples in each water sample. Then, by automatically detecting some water quality indicators in the ecological ditch and some water quality indicators at the exit of the constructed wetland, and obtaining the relevant water quality indicators in each water sample according to the described automatic detection of some water quality indicators in the ecological ditch and artificial wetlands Some water quality indicators at the wetland outlet, determine the corresponding prevention and control technology, and evaluate the effect of the prevention and control technology in the ecological area, which provides support for the loss of nitrogen and phosphorus runoff at the field scale. A monitoring system for runoff loss.

Another object of the present invention is to provide an intelligent monitoring and prevention and control system for ecological areas, establish a monitoring system for farmland surface water runoff loss, and determine corresponding prevention and control technologies.

An intelligent monitoring and prevention and control system for ecological engineering, the intelligent monitoring and prevention and control system is used to monitor farmland areas, ecological ditch areas and artificial wetland areas; the intelligent detection and control system includes automatic collection equipment and automatic detection equipment ; The automatic collection equipment includes an intelligent multifunctional rainwater collector and a soil moisture extraction device; the automatic detection equipment includes a soil moisture measuring instrument, a turbidity measuring instrument, a total organic carbon measuring instrument, a soil conductivity meter, and a pH measuring instrument , chlorophyll measuring instrument and water depth measuring instrument; among them,

The soil moisture extraction device is arranged in the farmland soil and is used to automatically collect water samples retained in the farmland soil;

The intelligent multifunctional rainwater collector is arranged on the ground of the farmland area to automatically determine the rainfall, and is arranged in the ecological ditch and the entrance and exit of the artificial wetland, and is used to automatically collect the water samples and artificial wetlands retained in the ecological ditch area. Water samples at zone inlets and outlets;

The soil moisture measuring instrument is arranged in the soil at different levels of the farmland and in the soil at different levels in the ecological ditch area, and is used to reflect the amount of seepage water;

The ultrasonic velocity meter is arranged in the ecological ditch, and is used to measure the water flow velocity before the surface runoff water enters the ecological ditch and the water flow velocity after the surface runoff water enters the ecological ditch;

The turbidity measuring instrument is arranged in the ecological ditch and is used to measure the turbidity value of the water before the surface runoff water enters the ecological ditch and the turbidity value of the water after the surface runoff water enters the ecological ditch, and is arranged in the constructed wetland At the outlet, it is used to measure the turbidity value of the water flowing into the river;

The total organic carbon measuring instrument is arranged in the ecological ditch, and is used to measure the total organic carbon value of the water before the surface runoff water enters the ecological ditch and the total organic carbon value of the water after the surface runoff water enters the ecological ditch. At the outlet of the constructed wetland, it is used to measure the total organic carbon value of the water flowing into the river;

The soil conductivity meter is arranged in the ecological ditch and is used to measure the change value of soil salinity;

The pH measuring instrument is arranged in the ecological ditch, used to measure the pH value before the surface runoff water enters the ecological ditch and the pH value after the surface runoff water enters the ecological ditch, and is arranged at the outlet of the constructed wetland, for Measure the pH of water flowing into rivers;

The chlorophyll measuring instrument is arranged at the outlet of the constructed wetland and is used to measure the chlorophyll value of vegetation;

The water depth measuring instrument is arranged in the artificial wetland area and is used for measuring the water depth.

Optionally, the intelligent monitoring and prevention and control system further includes: a weather station, an intelligent multifunctional rainwater collector and a soil sample detector; wherein,

The meteorological station is arranged on the ground of the farmland area and is used for collecting meteorological data;

The intelligent multifunctional rainwater collector is arranged on the ground of the farmland area and is used for automatic rainwater collection

The soil sample detector is arranged on the ground of the farmland area, and is used for detecting moisture and soil compactness in the soil before rain.

Optionally, the intelligent monitoring and prevention and control system further includes: a data receiving and sending device; the data receiving and sending device is used for receiving commands and transmitting data.

Optionally, the intelligent monitoring and prevention and control system further includes: an early warning system;

The early warning system is used to judge whether the relevant water quality index exceeds the corresponding threshold set in the intelligent monitoring and prevention and control system according to the relevant water quality indicators obtained in different areas, and if it exceeds, an alarm message is issued.

Optionally, the intelligent monitoring and prevention and control system further includes: a central service system;

The central service system is used to output control commands according to the meteorological data, rainfall, soil moisture before rain and soil compactness; the control commands are to control the automatic acquisition equipment in the intelligent monitoring and prevention and control system And automatically detect device on and off. .

According to the specific embodiments provided by the present invention, the present invention discloses the following technical effects:

The invention provides an intelligent monitoring and prevention system for ecological areas. By setting up multiple collection devices and automatic detection devices in farmland, ecological ditches and artificial wetland areas, the runoff loss of farmland surface water can be monitored in real time, and the runoff loss of farmland surface water can be monitored in real time. The data obtained by the device and the automatic detection device can determine the water quality indicators in different regions, and then determine the corresponding prevention and control technology, which provides support for the decision-making of surface runoff pollution and prevention and control.

In addition, through the study of multi-source data acquisition and intelligent identification technology, the development of intelligent data acquisition equipment, the integration of solar power generation, low-power remote data communication and other technologies, the establishment of a cloud monitoring and service system for key indicators of nitrogen and phosphorus runoff areas to achieve monitoring information It provides technical support for field water and soil environmental science research.

Description of drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the accompanying drawings required in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some of the present invention. In the embodiments, for those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained according to these drawings without creative labor.

1 is a flowchart of an intelligent monitoring and prevention and control method using an ecological area in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an intelligent monitoring and prevention and control system for using an ecological area according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

The purpose of the present invention is to provide an intelligent monitoring and prevention and control method for ecological areas, by determining and obtaining water quality indicators in different ecological areas, determining corresponding prevention and control technologies, and evaluating the effects of ecological area prevention and control technologies, so as to provide the Block-scale nitrogen and phosphorus runoff loss provides support.

In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

As shown in Figure 1, Figure 1 is a flowchart of an intelligent monitoring and prevention and control method for ecological areas, including:

Step 101: Automatically collect water samples retained in farmland soil, water samples retained in ecological ditches, and water samples at the inlet and outlet of constructed wetlands; specifically:

A bucket of a soil moisture extraction device with a height of 1.5 meters was embedded in the farmland soil, and holes were dug at 0.5, 1, and 1.5 meters. The soil moisture extraction device was used to automatically collect water samples retained in the farmland soil.

An intelligent multifunctional rainwater collector is arranged in the ecological ditch, and the intelligent multifunctional rainwater collector is used to automatically collect water samples retained in the ecological ditch area.

An intelligent multifunctional rainwater collector is arranged at the entrance and exit of the constructed wetland, and the intelligent multifunctional rainwater collector is used to automatically collect water samples at the entrance and exit of the constructed wetland area.

Step 102: Automatically detect some water quality indicators in the ecological ditch and some water quality indicators at the exit of the constructed wetland, including:

An ultrasonic flow meter, a turbidity meter, a total organic carbon meter, a soil moisture meter and a soil conductivity meter are set up in the ecological area to automatically detect some water quality indicators in the ecological ditches.

A water depth measuring instrument, a pH measuring instrument, a chlorophyll measuring instrument, a turbidity measuring instrument and a total organic carbon measuring instrument are installed at the exit of the constructed wetland to automatically detect some water quality indicators at the exit of the constructed wetland.

Step 103: Obtain relevant water quality indicators in each water sample according to the water samples retained in the farmland soil, the water samples retained in the ecological ditches, and the water samples at the inlet and outlet of the constructed wetland.

Step 104: Determine the corresponding prevention and control technology and evaluate the effect of the prevention and control technology according to the obtained relevant water quality indicators in each water sample and the automatic detection of some water quality indicators in the ecological ditch and some water quality indicators at the exit of the constructed wetland.

For example: in a typical rice farming mode, the main control factor for the deterioration of the water environment caused by the runoff of farmland surface water is water (irrigation and rainfall) fertilizer. According to the water content and nitrogen and phosphorus concentration in the water quality indicators, the main source of control measures Water control, fertilizer control and reasonable fertilization technology are used to prevent and control the deterioration of water environment caused by the loss of surface water runoff in paddy fields.

In the plain dryland farming mode, the main controlling factors for the deterioration of the water environment caused by the runoff of farmland surface water are rainfall, crop types, soil properties, vegetation coverage, irrigation, and fertilization. , PH value and nitrogen and phosphorus concentration, etc., the prevention and control measures will be based on the early warning indicators to carry out "water and fertilizer coupling management - runoff macro-control".

In the sloping farmland farming mode, the main controlling factors of surface water runoff loss are slope, rainfall runoff process, soil erosion process, surface solute dissolution process and soil solute leakage. PH value and nitrogen and phosphorus concentration, etc., the prevention and control measures will be mainly based on the combination of straw or grass mulching, cross-slope ridge farming, contoured planting and precise balanced fertilization technology.

The intelligent monitoring and prevention and control method further includes: before performing the steps of automatically collecting water samples retained in farmland soil, water samples retained in ecological ditches, and water samples at the inlet and outlet of constructed wetlands, further comprising: acquiring background monitoring Data; the background monitoring data includes: rainfall, farmland soil moisture and farmland soil compactness before rain, and controlling the opening and closing of automatic collection and detection equipment according to the background monitoring data.

This embodiment automatically collects water samples retained in farmland soil, water samples retained in ecological ditches, and water samples at the inlet and outlet of constructed wetlands, and obtains relevant water quality indicators in each water sample; and then automatically detects some water quality in ecological ditches indicators and some water quality indicators at the exit of the constructed wetland, and according to the obtained relevant water quality indicators in each water sample and the automatic detection of some water quality indicators in the ecological ditch and some water quality indicators at the outlet of the constructed wetland, determine the corresponding prevention and control technology, And evaluate the effect of ecological area prevention and control technology, which provides support for the loss of nitrogen and phosphorus runoff at the field scale. At the same time, through this monitoring and control method, a monitoring system for farmland surface water runoff loss can be established.

Another object of the present invention is to provide an intelligent monitoring and prevention and control system for ecological areas, which can determine the corresponding prevention and control technology, and provides support for surface water runoff pollution and prevention and control decisions at the same time.

In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the embodiments more clearly understood, the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

The background technology of the present application is based on regional scale, process monitoring from farmland outlet to surface water inlet. At present, the commonly used prevention and control technology based on the regional scale is ecological engineering technology, including ecological ditches, plant buffer zone interception and artificial wetland purification. It is expressed by water turbidity, TOC content in water, water flow rate, chlorophyll content in water, etc.).

As shown in FIG. 2 , FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an intelligent monitoring and prevention and control system for ecological areas, including a farmland monitoring system 201 , an ecological ditch monitoring system 202 and a constructed wetland monitoring system 203 .

Each monitoring system is respectively equipped with a set of solar power supply device 204 and a data receiving and sending device 205 .

The farmland monitoring system 201 includes: an intelligent multifunctional rainwater collector, a soil moisture measuring instrument, a soil moisture extraction device, a weather station and a soil sample detector; wherein,

The meteorological station is arranged on the ground of the farmland area and is used to collect meteorological data; the meteorological data includes basic elements such as air temperature, air humidity, wind speed, wind direction, and rainfall.

The soil sample detector is arranged on the ground of the farmland area, and is used for monitoring the moisture, nitrogen and phosphorus concentration and soil compactness in the soil before rain.

The intelligent multifunctional rainwater collector is arranged on the ground of the farmland area and is used to automatically determine the rainfall.

The soil moisture measuring instrument is arranged in different layers of the farmland soil, and is used to determine the water content in the different layers of the farmland soil and indirectly determine the amount of seepage water.

For the soil moisture extraction device, a bucket with a height of 1.5 meters is embedded in the farmland soil, hollows are dug at 0.5, 1, and 1.5 meters, and the seepage rainwater is extracted and measured by the soil moisture extraction device, which is used for automatic collection of farmland soil. The retained water sample; the soil moisture extraction device includes a soil solution sampling pipe, a negative pressure vacuum pump, and a negative pressure vacuum pump controller.

The ecological ditch monitoring system 202 includes: an ultrasonic flow meter, a turbidity meter, a total organic carbon meter, a soil moisture meter, a soil conductivity meter, and an intelligent multifunctional rainwater collector.

The ultrasonic velocity meter is arranged in the ecological ditch and is used to measure the water flow velocity before the surface runoff water enters the ecological ditch and the water flow velocity after the surface runoff water enters the ecological ditch.

The turbidity measuring instrument is arranged in the ecological ditch and is used to measure the turbidity value of the water before the surface runoff water enters the ecological ditch and the turbidity value of the water after the surface runoff water enters the ecological ditch.

The total organic carbon measuring instrument is arranged in the ecological ditch and is used to measure the total organic carbon value of the water before the surface runoff water enters the ecological ditch and the total organic carbon value of the water after the surface runoff water enters the ecological ditch.

The soil conductivity meter is arranged in the ecological ditch and is used to measure the change value of soil salinity.

The soil moisture measuring instrument is set in the soil of different layers in the ecological ditch area, and is used to determine the water content in the different layers of the farmland soil and indirectly determine the amount of seepage water.

The intelligent multifunctional rainwater collector is arranged in the ecological ditch and is used for automatically collecting water samples retained in the ecological ditch area.

The constructed wetland monitoring system 203 includes: a water depth measuring instrument, an intelligent multifunctional rainwater collector, a pH measuring instrument, a chlorophyll measuring instrument, a turbidity measuring instrument and a total organic carbon measuring instrument.

The intelligent multifunctional rainwater collector is arranged at the inlet and outlet of the constructed wetland, and is used to automatically collect water samples at the inlet and outlet of the constructed wetland area.

The turbidity measuring instrument is arranged at the outlet of the constructed wetland and is used to measure the turbidity value of the water flowing into the river;

The total organic carbon measuring instrument is arranged at the outlet of the constructed wetland, and is used for measuring the total organic carbon value of the water flowing into the river.

The pH measuring instrument is arranged at the outlet of the constructed wetland and is used to measure the pH value of the water flowing into the river.

The chlorophyll measuring instrument is arranged at the outlet of the constructed wetland and is used to measure the chlorophyll value of the vegetation.

The water depth measuring instrument is arranged in the artificial wetland area and is used for measuring the water depth.

Since it is difficult to obtain nitrogen and phosphorus and other substances through real-time detection online, it is necessary to obtain water samples in corresponding areas, and then analyze them in the laboratory, and then obtain and determine the water quality indicators of water samples in different areas.

Data receiving and sending system 205: used to receive commands and water quality index data automatically detected by the farmland monitoring system 201, ecological ditches monitoring system 202 and constructed wetland monitoring system 203, and send them to the farmland monitoring system 201 and ecological ditches monitoring system 202 And the automatic collection equipment and automatic detection equipment set in the constructed wetland monitoring system 203 .

The intelligent detection and prevention and control system further includes: a central service system 206;

The central service system 206 is used to output a control command to the data receiving and sending device 205 according to the meteorological data, rainfall, soil moisture before rain and soil compactness; the control command is to control the farmland monitoring system 201. The opening and closing of the automatic collection equipment and automatic detection equipment in the ecological ditch monitoring system 202 and the constructed wetland monitoring system 203.

The central service system 206 is also used to receive the water quality index data automatically detected by the farmland monitoring system 201, the ecological ditch monitoring system 202 and the constructed wetland monitoring system 203 transmitted by the data receiving and sending device 205, and analyze the data from the laboratory according to the above. Determined water quality indicators, summarizing the water quality indicators of different areas in the entire ecological region.

For example, according to the data obtained from the weather station, soil sample detector and soil moisture measuring instrument, the threshold value of farmland soil water sample sampling is set. If the data collected from the weather station, soil sample detector and soil moisture measuring instrument is collected When the sampling threshold of soil water samples in farmland is exceeded, the soil water extraction device starts to work. For example, when there is rainfall or the soil moisture change exceeds 5%, the soil moisture extraction device will be automatically turned on to work.

The intelligent monitoring and prevention and control system further includes: an early warning system 207;

The early warning system 207 is used to summarize the water quality index data of different areas in the entire ecological region according to the central service system 206, and determine whether the relevant water quality index exceeds the corresponding threshold set in the intelligent monitoring and prevention and control system. Then it sends out alarm information or sends an alarm in the form of text messages to guide the management personnel to carry out manual intervention.

The solar power supply system 204 is used to provide power for the farmland monitoring system 201 , the ecological ditches monitoring system 202 and the constructed wetland monitoring system 203 .

The intelligent monitoring system provided by this embodiment is based on the existing field monitoring instruments, through the research of multi-source data acquisition and intelligent identification technology, the development of intelligent data acquisition equipment, the integration of solar power generation, low-power remote data communication and other technologies, Build a cloud monitoring and service system for key indicators of nitrogen and phosphorus runoff areas to realize informatization, automation and intelligence of monitoring, and provide technical support for field water and soil environmental research.

At the same time, since there is no perfect long-term automatic monitoring of farmland surface water runoff loss in the world at present, the technical features of the present application are mainly: one is to evaluate the prevention and control effect of ecological engineering technology by automatically detecting its relevant water quality indicators, and the other is to take into account at the same time Early warning of its relevant water quality indicators. The purpose of early warning is to assist the controller to make corresponding prevention and control technologies at the field scale by informing the different indicators that are close to the "warning line". Third, it can automatically collect corresponding water quality samples: including soil Infiltration water and runoff water samples from the surface.

In addition, the key technical problems to be solved by the present invention include three aspects. One is the intelligent acquisition and identification technology of monitoring instrument data based on cloud computing. Under the condition of ensuring the integrity of the existing instruments, the unified collection and cloud transmission of the instrument monitoring data, including the construction of the intelligent interface at the physical level and the protocol identification at the application level, especially the intelligent protocol identification technology based on cloud computing, can realize the In the case of newly added monitoring instruments, there is no need to replace the data acquisition equipment, and the analysis of the new equipment protocol can be completed through the cloud service.

The second is intelligent power consumption control and multi-source power supply technology. Existing monitoring equipment consumes a lot of power. During long-term field monitoring, stable power supply is a severe challenge. On the one hand, it is necessary to meet the power supply requirements for instrument operation, and on the other hand, it is necessary to realize the miniaturization and low cost of the system. Therefore, the intelligent power consumption control technology is a difficulty to be solved by the present invention. The present invention will study the power consumption intelligent control technology based on business requirements, reduce the overall power consumption of the system, improve the efficiency of electric energy use, expand the energy acquisition method, and adopt various power generation methods including solar energy and wind energy to ensure the reliable operation of the system.

The third is the acquisition technology of soil water samples at different depths.

Secondly, the combination of solar power supply technology and system sleep mode can not only obtain stable power output, but also meet the power supply conditions for long-term monitoring of a series of equipment in the field, and at the same time ensure that some instruments only work during rainfall. This reduces the power supply pressure and prolongs the service life of the instrument. Finally, the intelligent monitoring system has completely achieved unmanned operation, so researchers do not have to wait for rain on the farmland, and it can also avoid the loss of pre-rain data due to the sudden rainfall that the staff cannot arrive at the scene in time. At the same time, the detection data is sent to the cloud server through the remote transmission system, and the staff can observe and analyze the data with the network at the first time.

The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other.

The principles and implementations of the present invention are described herein using specific examples. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only used to help understand the method and the core idea of the present invention; meanwhile, for those skilled in the art, according to the present invention There will be changes in the specific implementation and application scope. In conclusion, the contents of this specification should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. an intelligent monitoring and prevention and control system for ecological engineering, is characterized in that, described intelligent monitoring and prevention and control system is used for monitoring farmland area, ecological ditch area and artificial wetland area; Described intelligent monitoring and prevention and control system Including automatic collection equipment and automatic detection equipment; the automatic collection equipment includes intelligent multi-functional rainwater collector and soil moisture extraction device; the automatic detection equipment includes soil moisture measuring instrument, ultrasonic velocity meter, turbidity measuring instrument, total organic Carbon meter, soil conductivity meter, pH meter, chlorophyll meter and water depth meter; of which, The soil moisture extraction device is arranged in the farmland soil and is used to automatically collect water samples retained in the farmland soil; The intelligent multi-functional rainwater collector is arranged on the ground of the farmland area for automatic collection of rainwater, and is arranged in the ecological ditch and the entrance and exit of the artificial wetland, and is used for automatically collecting the water samples retained in the ecological ditch area and the artificial wetland area. Inlet and outlet water samples; The soil moisture measuring instrument is arranged in the soil at different levels of the farmland and in the soil at different levels in the ecological ditch area, and is used to reflect the amount of seepage water; The ultrasonic velocity meter is arranged in the ecological ditch, and is used to measure the water flow velocity before the surface runoff water enters the ecological ditch and the water flow velocity after the surface runoff water enters the ecological ditch; The turbidity measuring instrument is arranged in the ecological ditch and is used to measure the turbidity value of the water before the surface runoff water enters the ecological ditch and the turbidity value of the water after the surface runoff water enters the ecological ditch, and is arranged in the constructed wetland At the outlet, it is used to measure the turbidity value of the water flowing into the river; The total organic carbon measuring instrument is arranged in the ecological ditch, and is used to measure the total organic carbon value of the water before the surface runoff water enters the ecological ditch and the total organic carbon value of the water after the surface runoff water enters the ecological ditch. At the outlet of the constructed wetland, it is used to measure the total organic carbon value of the water flowing into the river; The soil conductivity meter is arranged in the ecological ditch and is used to measure the change value of soil salinity; The pH measuring instrument is arranged in the ecological ditch and is used to measure the pH value before the surface runoff water enters the ecological ditch and the pH value after the surface runoff water enters the ecological ditch. Measuring the pH of water flowing into rivers; The chlorophyll measuring instrument is arranged at the outlet of the constructed wetland and is used to measure the chlorophyll value of vegetation; The water depth measuring instrument is arranged in the artificial wetland area and is used for measuring the water depth. 2. The intelligent monitoring and prevention and control system for ecological engineering according to claim 1, wherein the intelligent monitoring and prevention and control system further comprises: a weather station, an intelligent multifunctional rainwater collector and soil sample detection instrument; of which, The meteorological station is arranged on the ground of the farmland area and is used for collecting meteorological data; The intelligent multifunctional rainwater collector is arranged on the ground of the farmland area and is used to automatically determine the rainfall; The soil sample detector is arranged on the ground of the farmland area, and is used for detecting moisture and soil compactness in the soil before rain. 3. The intelligent monitoring and prevention and control system for ecological engineering according to claim 1, wherein the intelligent monitoring and prevention and control system further comprises: a data receiving and sending device; the data receiving and sending device is used for Receive commands and transmit data. 4. The intelligent monitoring and prevention and control system for ecological engineering according to claim 1, wherein the intelligent monitoring and prevention and control system further comprises: an early warning system; The early warning system is used to judge whether the relevant water quality index exceeds the corresponding threshold set in the intelligent monitoring and prevention and control system according to the relevant water quality indicators obtained in different areas, and if it exceeds, an alarm message is issued. 5. The intelligent monitoring and prevention and control system for ecological engineering according to claim 2, wherein the intelligent monitoring and prevention and control system further comprises: a central service system; The central service system is used to output control commands according to the meteorological data, rainfall, soil moisture before rain and soil compactness; the control commands are to control the automatic acquisition equipment in the intelligent monitoring and prevention and control system and automatic detection of device on and off.