CN106770067B - Portable kiwi fruit sugar content nondestructive test device - Google Patents
Portable kiwi fruit sugar content nondestructive test device Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
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Abstract
The invention discloses a portable kiwi fruit sugar degree nondestructive testing device, and belongs to the field of spectrum nondestructive testing of agricultural products. The technical problem who solves provides a sugar degree nondestructive test device that is applicable to kiwi fruit and testing result is stable. The invention comprises a shell, a main control module, a fan, a light source module, a heat insulation baffle, a spectrum detection module, a probe module, a measurement key, a display screen, a power switch, a rechargeable battery and a charging interface. Light emitted by the light source module is emitted into the kiwi fruit through the probe module and is subjected to diffuse transmission; the diffuse transmission light is transmitted to the spectrum detection module by the probe module, and the main control module controls the spectrum detection module to obtain visible/near infrared spectrum data; the main control module processes the data to obtain the sugar degree value of the kiwi fruit and displays the sugar degree value on a display screen. The method can be used for postnatal classification of the kiwi fruits and growth monitoring of the kiwi fruits, and is beneficial to improving the sugar degree detection efficiency of the kiwi fruits and increasing the economic benefit.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of spectrum nondestructive testing of agricultural products, in particular to a kiwi fruit sugar degree nondestructive testing device.
Background
The kiwi fruit is fine and juicy, has rich nutrition and is deeply loved by people. Chinese kiwi fruit is planted in the first area in the world. The sugar degree is an important internal quality index of the kiwi fruit, and not only is an important basis for selecting the kiwi fruit by a consumer, but also a main basis for monitoring the fruit growth and grading after delivery. Traditional kiwi fruit brix is measured and is used the saccharimeter to measure, squeezes out juice with the kiwi fruit sample earlier during the measurement, then drops into it and detects in the saccharimeter, detects and can damage the kiwi fruit, and consequently the device that can nondestructive test kiwi fruit brix becomes urgent need.
The method for predicting the sugar degree of the kiwi fruits by using the visible/near infrared spectrum has the characteristics of convenience, rapidness, no damage, low cost and environmental friendliness. In the ripening process of the kiwi fruit, the content of organic molecules can change along with the ripening degree, the color of the pulp and the color of the peel can also change along with the ripening degree, and the spectral data containing the pulp and the color characteristic information of the kiwi fruit can be obtained by scanning the visible spectrum of the kiwi fruit. The near infrared spectrum region is consistent with the combined frequency of the vibration of the hydrogen-containing groups in the organic molecules and the absorption regions of all levels of frequency doubling, the absorption frequency of the hydrogen-containing groups has strong characteristic, is slightly influenced by the internal and external environments of the molecules, and has more stable sample spectrum characteristics in the near infrared spectrum region than in the intermediate infrared spectrum region. By scanning the near infrared spectrum, spectral data containing the characteristic information of the sugar degree of the kiwi fruit can be obtained. The method is characterized in that a mathematical model is established by utilizing visible/near infrared spectrum data and sugar degree data of a kiwi fruit sample through a mathematical modeling algorithm, and then the sugar degree of the kiwi fruit can be predicted.
The research on near infrared spectrum nondestructive testing technology of kiwi fruits (Chenxiangwei; doctor research student's paper of northwest agriculture and forestry science and technology university) indicates that: "adopt 12000-4000 cm -1 The near infrared spectrum of the method is feasible for detecting the soluble solid content of the kiwi fruits with different producing areas, different orchards, different storage periods and different maturity. "about 85% of the components in the sugar degree are soluble solids, and therefore the sugar degree is often reflected in the soluble solids content. The article also indicates that: "is 11991.6-5446.2 cm -1 In the spectral range, the near-infrared diffuse reflection spectrum and the sugar content of the kiwi fruit show obvious linear correlation. The article also describes the detailed process of establishing a kiwi sugar degree prediction model by using near infrared spectrum data and sugar degree data of kiwi fruits in detail. The method is characterized in that a kiwi fruit sugar degree prediction model established in the text based on Partial Least Squares (PLS) determines a coefficient R 2 93.65, the prediction set root mean square error RMSEP is 0.656; determining coefficient R based on artificial neural network model established by error back propagation learning algorithm (BP) 2 At 89.8273, the prediction set root mean square error RMSEP is 0.3256.
The research on the near infrared spectrum-based kiwi sugar degree nondestructive testing method (Song Saizhe; the Master research thesis of northwest agriculture and forestry science university) indicates that: "the relation R of the equatorial brix and the kiwi fruit total brix is 0.972, the relation R of the fruitstalk brix and the kiwi fruit total brix is 0.945, the relation R of the fruital brix and the kiwi fruit total brix is 0.958, and finally the equator is selected as a test part for performing near-infrared nondestructive testing on the kiwi fruit brix. The detailed process of establishing the kiwi fruit sugar degree prediction model by using three mathematical modeling methods, namely a partial least squares method (PLS), a Support Vector Machine (SVM) and a Least Squares Support Vector Machine (LSSVM), and matching two preprocessing methods, namely a Savitzky-Golay smoothing method (SG) and a standard normal vector transformation (SNV), and two characteristic wavelength extraction algorithms, namely an information-free variable elimination method (UVE) and a continuous projection algorithm (SPA), is explained in detail in the text.
"Vis/NIR spectroscopy and chemimetrics for the prediction of soluble solids content and acid (pH) of kit (Ali Moghimi et al, biosystems Engineering) as indicated in: it is feasible to predict internal quality parameters of kiwifruit, such as soluble solids content and pH content, using visible/near infrared spectroscopy; because the visible/near infrared spectrum detection technology has the characteristics of short detection time and low cost, the technology is feasible for developing nondestructive detection equipment for the internal quality characteristics of the fruits; the text also states: the correlation coefficient of the kiwi soluble solid prediction model established by a Principal Component Analysis (PCA) method and a partial least square method (PLS) method is 0.93, and the root mean square error RMSEP of the prediction set is 0.259.
Although the visible/near infrared spectrum technology achieves many achievements in the research of the non-destructive detection of the sugar degree of the kiwi fruit, the method is not applied to a portable non-destructive detection device of the sugar degree of the kiwi fruit in production practice. The traditional spectrum detection device is large in size and high in price, and is only suitable for being used in scientific research institutions, enterprises and the like. Simultaneously, the complicated structure of kiwi fruit has increased the degree of difficulty of development kiwi fruit nondestructive test device. The surface of the kiwi fruit has tiny punctiform protrusions, the surface roughness is extremely high, the kiwi fruit is covered by wool fibers, and the length, the thickness, the hardness and the quantity of the wool fibers are related to the variety of the kiwi fruit; the internal structure of the kiwi fruit is complex, light-colored floccules which are radially arranged at intervals are arranged among the pulps, and a large number of seeds are planted on the central axis of the kiwi fruit; the sugar content of each part of the kiwi fruit also has difference. When the visible/near infrared spectrum of the kiwi fruit is collected by utilizing a traditional standard diffuse reflection optical fiber probe, the optical fiber probe usually only has a single measuring optical fiber, the diameter of the optical fiber is thin, the optical fiber is easily influenced by the structure of the kiwi fruit, the stability of spectral data is poor, and the repeatability of a result of multiple measurements near the same measuring point is low; meanwhile, when the traditional diffuse reflection measurement method is used for measurement, the fiber probe and the kiwi fruit are at a certain distance, the visible/near infrared spectrum can penetrate through the peel of the kiwi fruit to reach the inside of the kiwi fruit, but the spectral data directly reflected by the peel in the obtained spectral data accounts for most of the spectral data; if when the optical fiber probe is tightly attached to the surface of the kiwi fruit, the influence of the surface structure of the kiwi fruit on the spectral data is increased, and the stability of the spectral data is reduced.
The Chinese patent publication No. CN 205643156U, publication No. 2016, 10, 12, under the patent name of "a portable glucose near-infrared detection device", discloses a portable glucose near-infrared detection device, which comprises a working object of grape (0); the method is characterized in that: the system is provided with a shell (1), an Arm framework embedded mainboard (2), a touch display screen (3), an LED lamp switch (4), a power supply key (5), a start key (6), a power supply battery (7) and a near-infrared sampling module (8); the position and connection relation is as follows: a round hole is formed in the right upper corner of the front face of the shell (1) to install a near-infrared sampling module (8), an LED lamp switch (4), a power supply key (5) and a start key (6) are arranged below the near-infrared sampling module (8), a touch display screen (3) is embedded in the front face of the shell (1) close to the left, and an Arm-structured embedded mainboard (2) and a power supply battery (7) are arranged inside the shell (1); the touch display screen (3), the LED lamp switch (4), the power supply key (5), the start key (6), the power supply battery (7) and the near-infrared light source (8.3) and the detector (8.4) of the near-infrared sampling module (8) are respectively electrically connected with the embedded mainboard (2) of the Arm framework. However, the device is a special device designed for detecting the glucose degree, is only suitable for detecting the glucose degree and has no effect on detecting the glucose degree of the kiwi fruit; the device embodiments describe: the "detector 8.4 is a spectral collection device, the main component of which is an InGaAs/lnAs photodiode, which converts the optical signal into an electrical signal. The main components of the detector are InGaAs/lnAs photodiodes, the diodes are easily influenced by the temperature of a working environment, and the stability of a detection result is difficult to ensure; the device is a box-type device, and when the device is used by hands, the device needs to be kept horizontal and stable, so that certain inconvenience is caused in use.
The patent name of Chinese patent publication No. CN 203732438U, publication No. 2014, no. 07, no. 23, is a portable near-infrared detection device, and the application discloses a portable near-infrared detection device which is characterized by comprising a display (1), a detection device (2), a near-infrared light source (3) and a microcontroller (4); the device is pistol-shaped, and a key (5) is arranged on the device; the near-infrared light source (3) scans a sample through the detection device (2), the detection device (2) inputs a scanning signal into the microcontroller (4), and the microcontroller (4) analyzes and processes the received signal and then displays the signal on the display (1). "the technical problem that this patent is to solve is: the traditional device is large and is not suitable for carrying. "introduced by the background of this patent: the near infrared food quality detection device establishes a calibration equation by regression analysis of the known chemical component content of a sample and the near infrared spectrum measurement result thereof according to the optical absorption characteristics of various representative organic components in food (meat, edible oil, dairy products, grains, fruits, vegetables and the like) in a near infrared spectrum region, the difference of the strongest absorption wavelength of each component and the proportional relationship between the absorption intensity and the organic content of the grain, and can estimate the component content of unknown samples of the same similar type. "conventional device" in the technical problem to be solved in the patent is known to be a near-infrared food quality detection device. However, the near-infrared food quality detection devices are various in types and different in measurement principle, a complete implementation mode is not provided in the description of the specific implementation mode of the patent, a detection object and detection indexes thereof are not clearly explained, a measurement method and a measurement principle are not clearly explained, and a plurality of problems which are not solved still exist; meanwhile, the food has various types, different characteristics such as components, shapes, sizes, composition structures and the like, various detection indexes, and great difference in detection methods, and the structure of one detection device is difficult to adapt to the measurement of various foods and various measurement indexes; therefore, the technical scheme of the patent cannot solve the technical problem of the non-destructive detection of the sugar degree of the kiwi fruit. Secondly, the infrared detection device is compact in structure, the near-infrared light source and the microcontroller can generate a large amount of heat when working, the infrared detection device comprises a photoelectric sensor, the component is susceptible to ambient temperature to generate signal drift when working, and a working temperature in a specific range is required when measuring, and a solution is not provided for the problem; the display is on the right side of the device, and the user cannot directly observe the display result, which brings inconvenience to the use.
Chinese patent publication No. CN 2779390Y, published 2006, 05 and 10, with the patent name of "diffuse reflection detection device for near-infrared fruit acidity analysis", discloses a "diffuse reflection detection device for near-infrared fruit acidity analysis", which is characterized by consisting of a near-infrared detection optical fiber, an optical fiber bracket, a fruit rotating device and a base, wherein the near-infrared detection optical fiber (2) consists of a light source input optical fiber and a signal receiving optical fiber which are combined together and is a branched optical fiber, one end of the optical fiber is branched and is respectively connected with an infrared light source (1) and a detector (12), and the infrared light source (1) and the detector (12) are arranged in FT-IR spectrum detection equipment (13); the other end is a coaxial optical fiber probe (9), the center of the optical fiber probe (9) is a light source input optical fiber, the periphery is a signal receiving optical fiber, and the fruit rotating device is a clamp device which is arranged on the base (3) and can control the fruit to rotate. The application does not describe the structure of the near-infrared detection optical fiber probe part, and whether the near-infrared detection optical fiber meets the requirement of kiwi fruit infrared spectrum data acquisition cannot be known from the application; the device only completes the detection work of spectral data, and needs to transmit the data to a computer data acquisition system for further analysis, so that the sugar degree data of a detected sample cannot be directly obtained, and the device is complex in structure and cannot be used in a portable mode.
In summary, the purpose of nondestructive detection of the sugar content of the kiwi fruit can be achieved by utilizing a visible/near infrared spectrum technology at the present stage, but the method is not applied to a portable nondestructive detection device for the sugar content of the kiwi fruit in production practice; meanwhile, the measurement result of the traditional standard diffuse reflection optical fiber has poor stability due to the complex structure of the kiwi fruit, and cannot be used for collecting visible/near infrared light data of the kiwi fruit; the problem of kiwi fruit sugar degree nondestructive test can not be solved to portable detection device in the relevant patent at present to these devices do not consider probe structure to the suitability of measuring sample and the stability of measuring result, do not also consider the influence of the heat that devices such as light source produced to spectrum detection device, and measuring result stability is difficult to guarantee.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a sugar degree nondestructive testing device which is suitable for kiwi fruits and has stable testing results.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
portable kiwi fruit sugar degree nondestructive test device, which comprises an outer shell, host system, light source module, the spectrum detection module, probe module, measure the button, the display screen, switch, rechargeable battery, the interface charges, above-mentioned host system respectively with above-mentioned display screen, above-mentioned switch, above-mentioned rechargeable battery, above-mentioned measurement button, above-mentioned light source module, above-mentioned spectrum detection module links to each other, the interface that above-mentioned charges links to each other with above-mentioned rechargeable battery, above-mentioned probe module includes the probe, survey optic fibre, illumination optic fibre, above-mentioned probe links to each other with above-mentioned light source module through above-mentioned illumination optic fibre, above-mentioned probe links to each other through above-mentioned detection optic fibre and above-mentioned spectrum detection module.
The spectrum acquired by the spectrum detection module is a visible/near infrared spectrum. The light source module is a halogen tungsten lamp capable of emitting full-spectrum light.
The detection optical fiber is a quartz optical fiber, the outer side of the probe end of the detection optical fiber is wrapped by a metal inner cylinder, a condensing lens is fixed in the metal inner cylinder through a condensing lens pressing ring, the focus of the condensing lens is positioned on the probe end face of the detection optical fiber, and the other end of the detection optical fiber is connected with the spectrum detection module through a detection optical fiber connector.
The illumination optical fiber is composed of a quartz optical fiber bundle, the probe end of the illumination optical fiber is annularly arranged on the outer side of the metal inner cylinder, the outer layer of the illumination optical fiber is wrapped with a metal outer cylinder, the end face of the metal inner cylinder is higher than the end face of the metal outer cylinder, the light source end of the illumination optical fiber is tightly arranged into a column shape, the outer side of the illumination optical fiber is wrapped with a metal shell, the metal shell is fixed with a coupling lens through a coupling lens pressing ring, the center line of the coupling lens is superposed with the center line of the light source end of the illumination optical fiber, and the illumination optical fiber is connected with the light source module through the metal shell.
The shell is provided with a vent hole, a heat insulation baffle is arranged between the light source module and the spectrum detection module, the rear end of the light source module is provided with a fan, the fan is connected with the main control module, the position of the vent hole corresponds to the positions of the fan and the light source module in the shell, and the fan brings heat generated by the light source module to the outside of the shell through the vent hole. The spectrum detection module is positioned at the front end inside the shell and is far away from the light source module and the main control module.
The housing is shaped like a pistol. The probe module is positioned outside the shell except the front end of the probe, and other parts of the probe module are positioned inside the shell; the probe is located at the forwardmost end of the interior of the housing and is positioned similarly to the barrel of a pistol. The handle of the shell has a streamline shape, the rechargeable battery is fixed inside the handle, the charging interface is fixed at the lower end of the handle, the measuring key is fixed at a first joint of an index finger when the handle is held by a hand, and the position of the measuring key is similar to that of a trigger of a pistol. The display screen is located at the rear end of the housing and is positioned similar to the position of a pistol hammer, which is located close to the user and directly facing the user. The power switch is located at the rearmost end of the shell, is adjacent to the display screen and is located below the display screen. The power switch, the display screen, the main control module, the fan, the light source module, the heat insulation baffle, the spectrum detection module and the probe module are respectively fixed in the upper part of the shell from left to right.
During the measurement, paste above-mentioned probe tightly by survey kiwi fruit, inside light that above-mentioned light source module sent passed the kiwi fruit peel through above-mentioned lighting fiber and penetrated the kiwi fruit, light took place the diffuse transmission in the kiwi fruit is inside, and diffuse transmission light passes the kiwi fruit peel and is conducted to above-mentioned spectral detection module by above-mentioned detection fiber, and above-mentioned spectral detection module of above-mentioned host system control obtains spectral data.
The main control module processes the acquired data to obtain the sugar degree value of the kiwi fruit and displays the sugar degree value on the display screen. In the data processing process, a kiwi fruit sugar degree prediction model which is built in a computer and then is introduced into the main control module is needed, and the modeling method of the kiwi fruit sugar degree prediction model is various and mainly comprises a Partial Least Squares (PLS), a Support Vector Machine (SVM) and an error back propagation learning algorithm (BP).
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
the spectrum detection module can be matched with the light source module and the probe module to obtain a visible/near infrared spectrum of the kiwi fruit, the information quantity related to the sugar degree of the kiwi fruit in the spectrum is increased, and the prediction precision of the kiwi fruit sugar degree prediction model is improved;
the illumination optical fiber fully emits the light generated by the light source module into the kiwi fruit, the penetration range of the diffuse transmission light is increased, the sugar degree information of the kiwi fruit contained in the diffuse transmission light is increased, and the stability of the spectral data is not influenced by the complex structure in the kiwi fruit;
the probe is provided with the condensing lens, the measuring range of the probe is expanded, the stability of spectral data is not influenced by a complex structure on the surface of the kiwi fruit, the diffuse transmission light entering the detection optical fiber is increased, the kiwi fruit sugar degree information contained in the obtained visible/near infrared spectral data of the kiwi fruit is increased, and the prediction precision of a kiwi fruit sugar degree prediction model is improved;
because the probe is tightly attached to the tested kiwi fruit during measurement, light in the illuminating optical fiber can not be directly reflected by the kiwi fruit peel and then enters the detecting optical fiber, the diffuse transmission light of the peel in the obtained visible/near infrared spectrum of the kiwi fruit is reduced, the diffuse transmission light of the pulp is increased, the pulp sugar content information content in the spectrum data is improved, and the prediction accuracy of a kiwi fruit sugar prediction model is favorably improved;
therefore, the technical scheme can improve the stability of the measurement result of the visible/near infrared spectrum of the kiwi fruit, improve the content of pulp sugar degree information in the visible/near infrared spectrum of the kiwi fruit and improve the sugar degree detection precision; the technical scheme does not damage the tested kiwi fruit and meets the requirement of nondestructive testing of the sugar content of the kiwi fruit.
The spectrum detection module is positioned at the front end in the shell and is far away from heating elements such as the light source module and the main control module; the heat insulation baffle is positioned between the light source module and the spectrum detection module and prevents heat from being conducted to the spectrum detection module; the fan brings the heat generated by the light source module to the outside of the shell through the vent hole, so as to prevent the heat from accumulating to cause the continuous rise of the temperature in the shell; therefore, the technical scheme can provide a suitable working environment for the spectrum detection module, the influence of heat on the spectrum detection module is avoided, and the stability of a measurement result is ensured.
The outer shell is similar to a pistol in shape and is provided with a handle with a streamline shape, so that a user can hold the outer shell conveniently; the position of each part distributes rationally in above-mentioned shell, saves traditional fiber probe and needs the operation of fixed probe position alone, and above-mentioned measurement button is located people's forefinger home range, and the measurement operation can be accomplished to user's one hand, can not hinder above-mentioned light source module, above-mentioned fan, above-mentioned ventilation hole and the normal work of above-mentioned spectral detection module when people's hand grips, and the measuring result directly reads from above-mentioned display screen. Therefore, the arrangement of each part of the invention accords with the principle of human engineering, and is convenient for a user to operate.
The invention is provided with a built-in rechargeable battery, is convenient to use, compact in structure, small in volume and convenient to carry, and can be carried to outdoor use in fields, factories and the like.
Reference numerals
1. A housing; 1-1, a vent hole; 2. a main control module; 3. a fan; 4. a light source module; 5. a heat insulation baffle; 6. a spectrum detection module; 7. a probe module; 7-1, a probe; 7-1-1. A metal outer cylinder; 7-1-2. A metal inner cylinder; 7-1-3. A condensing lens pressing ring; 7-1-4. A condenser lens; 7-2, detecting optical fiber; 7-2-1, detecting the optical fiber joint; 7-3. An illumination fiber; 7-3-1. A metal shell; 7-3-2. Coupling a lens pressing ring; 7-3-3. Coupling lens; 8. measuring a key; 9. a display screen; 10. a power switch; 11. a rechargeable battery; 12. a charging interface; 13. and (5) kiwi fruits.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view of a portable kiwi fruit sugar degree nondestructive testing device;
FIG. 2 is a left side view of the portable kiwi fruit sugar degree nondestructive testing apparatus;
FIG. 3 is a right side view of the portable kiwi fruit sugar degree nondestructive testing apparatus;
FIG. 4 is the internal structure diagram of the portable kiwi fruit sugar degree nondestructive testing device;
FIG. 5 is a front view of a probe module of the portable kiwi fruit sugar degree nondestructive testing device;
FIG. 6 is a view of the probe structure;
FIG. 7 is a diagram of a light source end configuration of an illumination fiber;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the probe;
FIG. 9 is a circuit diagram of the portable kiwi sugar degree nondestructive testing device;
FIG. 10 is a visible/near infrared spectrum of kiwi fruit obtained by the portable kiwi fruit sugar degree nondestructive testing apparatus.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to a preferred embodiment and the accompanying drawings in which:
as shown in fig. 4, the portable kiwi fruit sugar degree nondestructive testing device includes: the solar energy spectrum measuring device comprises a shell 1, a main control module 2, a fan 3, a light source module 4, a heat insulation baffle 5, a spectrum detection module 6, a probe module 7, a measuring key 8, a display screen 9, a power switch 10, a rechargeable battery 11 and a charging interface 12, wherein the main control module 2 is respectively connected with the power switch 10, the display screen 9, the rechargeable battery 11, the measuring key 8, the fan 3, the light source module 4 and the spectrum detection module 6, and the charging interface 12 is connected with the rechargeable battery 11.
The probe module 7 comprises a probe 7-1, a detection optical fiber 7-2 and an illumination optical fiber 7-3, the probe 7-1 is connected with the light source module 4 through the illumination optical fiber 7-3, and the probe 7-1 is connected with the spectrum detection module 6 through the detection optical fiber 7-2. The probe module 7 is shown in a front view in fig. 5. The structure of the probe 7-1 is shown in FIG. 6. The light source end of the illumination fiber 7-3 is shown in FIG. 7.
The circuit diagram of the portable kiwi fruit sugar degree nondestructive testing device is shown in fig. 9.
The main control module 2 adopts a Raspberry Pi Zero development board, and the main control chip is a Botong BCM2835 chip with an ARM11 framework. The development board provides 40 GPIO interfaces, wherein the development board comprises two groups of SPI interfaces, two 5V power supply interfaces, a 3.3V power supply interface, 5 GND interfaces and 8 common GPIO interfaces. A Micro-USB data interface is reserved in the development board. The required operating voltage for the development board was 5V. The development board operating system is a Raspbian operating system based on a Linux kernel, and the program development language is Python.
The fan 3 is a JMC 3010-5LS DC 5V micro axial flow fan.
The light source module 4 is a miniature halogen tungsten bulb with rated voltage of 5V and rated current of 1.2A, and can emit light in a full-spectrum wavelength range. The light source module 4 is connected with the main control module 2 through a relay, and the on-off of the relay is controlled by the main control module 2.
The heat insulation baffle 5 is an aerogel plate with good heat insulation effect, and the thickness of the aerogel plate is 10mm.
The spectrum detection module 6 adopts an Ocean Optics STS module, and can obtain 600-1100nm spectrum data by matching with the light source module 4 with a full spectrum wave band, and the spectrum detection range relates to a visible/near infrared wave band. The number of sampling points is 1024, which is beneficial to improving the detection precision. The working temperature of the module is as follows: and the optical fiber connector is an SMA905 connector at 0-50 ℃, the data and power supply interface is a Micro-USB interface, and the module is connected with the main control module 2 through a Micro-USB data line.
The measuring key 8 adopts a light touch switch, is connected with a 0.1uF capacitor in parallel and then is connected with the main control module 2, and realizes that hardware eliminates key jitter.
The display screen 9 is a 1.3-inch OLED 12864 display screen, and the display screen 9 has the advantages of being small in size, self-luminous and clear in display content, can be used under direct irradiation of strong light, and can also be used under the condition of insufficient light at night. The display screen 9 is connected with the main control module 2 through the SPI interface in the main control module 2.
The power switch 10 is a self-locking switch.
The rechargeable battery 11 is a 18650 type lithium ion rechargeable battery.
The charging interface 12 is a Micro-USB interface.
The detection optical fiber 7-2 is a quartz optical fiber, the outer side of the probe end of the detection optical fiber 7-2 is wrapped by a metal inner cylinder 7-1-2, a condensing lens 7-1-4 is fixed in the metal inner cylinder 7-1-2 through a condensing lens pressing ring 7-1-3, the diameter of the inner circle of the condensing lens pressing ring 7-1-3 is 3mm, the focal point of the condensing lens 7-1-4 is located on the probe end face of the detection optical fiber 7-2, the other end of the detection optical fiber 7-2 is connected with the spectrum detection module 6 through a detection optical fiber connector 7-2-1, and the detection optical fiber connector 7-2-1 is an SMA905 optical fiber connector and is matched with the connector of the spectrum detection module 6.
The illumination optical fiber 7-3 is composed of a quartz optical fiber bundle, the probe end of the illumination optical fiber 7-3 is annularly arranged at the outer side of the metal inner cylinder 7-1-2, the outer layer of the illumination optical fiber is wrapped by the metal outer cylinder 7-1-1, the end face of the metal inner cylinder 7-1-2 is 0.5mm higher than the end face of the metal outer cylinder 7-1-1, the difference between the annular inner and outer circle diameters of the probe end of the illumination optical fiber 7-3 is 4mm, and the difference between the annular inner circle diameter of the probe end of the illumination optical fiber 7-3 and the inner circle diameter of the condensing lens pressing ring 7-1-3 is 4mm. The light source ends of the illumination optical fibers 7-3 are tightly arranged into a column shape, the outer side of the column shape is wrapped by a metal shell 7-3-1, the metal shell 7-3-1 is fixedly provided with a coupling lens 7-3-3 through a coupling lens clamping ring 7-3-2, the center line of the coupling lens 7-3-3 is superposed with the center line of the light source end of the illumination optical fiber 7-3, and the illumination optical fiber 7-3 is connected with the light source module 4 through the metal shell 7-3-1.
The housing 1 is provided with a vent hole 1-1, the heat insulation baffle 5 is arranged between the light source module 4 and the spectrum detection module 6, the fan 3 is arranged at the rear end of the light source module 4, the fan 3 is connected with the main control module 2, the position of the vent hole 1-1 corresponds to the positions of the fan 3 and the light source module 4 in the housing 1, and the fan 3 brings the heat generated by the light source module 4 to the outside of the housing 1 through the vent hole 1-1. The spectrum detection module 6 is located at the front end inside the housing 1, and is far away from the light source module 4 and the main control module 2.
The housing 1 is shaped like a pistol. The probe module 7 is positioned outside the housing 1 except the front end of the probe 7-1, and other parts are positioned inside the housing 1; the probe 7-1 is located at the forwardmost end of the interior of the housing 1, the position of the probe 7-1 being similar to the position of the barrel of a pistol. The front end of the probe 7-1 extends out by 1cm. The handle of the casing 1 has a streamlined shape, the rechargeable battery 11 is fixed inside the handle, the charging interface 12 is fixed at the lower end of the handle, the measuring button 8 is fixed at the first joint of the forefinger when the handle is held by a human hand, and the position of the measuring button 8 is similar to the position of a trigger of a pistol. The display 9 is located at the rear end of the housing 1. The display 9 is located similar to the position of a pistol hammer, which is located close to the user and directly facing the user. The power switch 10 is located at the rearmost end of the housing 1, adjacent to the display screen 9, and below the display screen. The power switch 10, the display screen 9, the main control module 2, the fan 3, the light source module 4, the heat insulation baffle 5, the spectrum detection module 6, and the probe module 7 are fixed to the inside of the upper portion of the housing 1 from left to right.
During the measurement, hug closely above-mentioned probe 7-1 by survey kiwi fruit, inside the light that above-mentioned light source module 4 sent penetrated the kiwi fruit peel through above-mentioned illumination optic fibre 7-3 and penetrated the kiwi fruit, took place the diffuse transmission, diffuse transmission light passed the kiwi fruit peel and is conducted to above-mentioned spectrum detection module 6 by above-mentioned detection optic fibre 7-2, above-mentioned spectrum detection module 6 of above-mentioned main control module 2 control obtains spectral data. Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the probe 7-1. Fig. 10 is a visible/near infrared spectrogram of 20 pieces of 'Xu Xiang' kiwi fruits obtained by using a portable kiwi fruit sugar degree nondestructive testing device, and it can be seen from the chart that the visible/near infrared spectrum curves obtained by the device are uniform in distribution and similar in variation trend, and the data acquisition work of visible/near infrared spectrum of kiwi fruits can be completed.
The main control module 2 processes the acquired data to obtain the sugar degree value of the kiwi fruit and displays the sugar degree value on the display screen 9.
In order to complete the function of kiwi fruit sugar degree detection, a visible/near infrared spectrum-based kiwi fruit sugar degree detection model needs to be established, and a plurality of modeling methods are provided, one of which is described here:
1. obtaining modeling data:
the method comprises the steps of collecting 40 kiwi fruit samples of 'Huayou', 'Xu Xiang' and 'Xichong', wherein the number of the kiwi fruit samples is 120, 10 kiwi fruit samples are selected for each variety in each week, the number of the kiwi fruit samples is 30, each kiwi fruit sample is selected for two measuring points, the measuring points are located at the equator of each kiwi fruit, a visible/near infrared spectrum is scanned, the sugar degree is measured, and visible/near infrared spectrum data and sugar degree data of 240 measuring points are obtained in total. The brix measurement was measured using an ATAGO PR-101 alpha brix meter. The data acquisition method can increase the distribution range of the brix data and is beneficial to improving the model prediction effect.
2. Establishing a sugar degree prediction model:
in a computer, MATLAB software is utilized, a random sample division method (RS) is used as a sample division method, modeling data are divided into a training set and a prediction set according to the proportion of 3:1, and a kiwi sugar degree prediction model is established by using a partial least square method (PLS).
3. Importing a model:
the brix prediction model obtained using Partial Least Squares (PLS) can be expressed as:
y=Xβ+ε
wherein: x is an input data matrix, beta is a coefficient matrix, epsilon is a residual error matrix, and y is a brix value. In the computer, the Python programming language is used for realizing the formula and is embedded into the main control module 2, so that the import work can be completed. The spectrum data obtained by the spectrum detection module 6 is used as an input data matrix X, the input data matrix X is input into the main control module 2, and y, namely the Chinese gooseberry saccharinity value, can be obtained after operation and is displayed on the display screen 9.
The using method comprises the following steps:
1. pressing the power switch 10;
2. tightly attaching the probe 7-1 to a tested kiwi fruit sample, and selecting the position of a measuring point as the equator position of the kiwi fruit;
3. clicking a measurement key 8, and waiting for the completion of the spectrum measurement, wherein the waiting time is about 2s;
4. the display screen 9 displays the sugar degree value of the tested kiwi fruit sample.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention, and all designs identical or similar to the present invention are within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. Portable kiwi fruit sugar degree nondestructive test device, its characterized in that: the device comprises a shell (1), a main control module (2), a light source module (4), a spectrum detection module (6), a probe module (7), a measurement key (8), a display screen (9), a power switch (10), a rechargeable battery (11) and a charging interface (12);
the main control module (2) is respectively connected with the power switch (10), the display screen (9), the rechargeable battery (11), the measurement key (8), the light source module (4) and the spectrum detection module (6), and the charging interface (12) is connected with the rechargeable battery (11);
the spectrum acquired by the spectrum detection module (6) is a visible/near infrared spectrum;
the probe module (7) comprises a probe (7-1), a detection optical fiber (7-2) and an illumination optical fiber (7-3), the probe (7-1) is connected with the light source module (4) through the illumination optical fiber (7-3), and the probe (7-1) is connected with the spectrum detection module (6) through the detection optical fiber (7-2);
the detection optical fiber (7-2) is a quartz optical fiber, a metal inner cylinder (7-1-2) is wrapped outside the probe end of the detection optical fiber (7-2), a condensing lens (7-1-4) is fixed in the metal inner cylinder (7-1-2) through a condensing lens pressing ring (7-1-3), the focus of the condensing lens (7-1-4) is located on the probe end face of the detection optical fiber (7-2), and the other end of the detection optical fiber (7-2) is connected with the spectrum detection module (6) through a detection optical fiber connector (7-2-1);
the illumination optical fiber (7-3) is composed of a quartz optical fiber bundle, the probe end of the illumination optical fiber (7-3) is annularly arranged on the outer side of the metal inner cylinder (7-1-2), the outer layer of the illumination optical fiber is wrapped by the metal outer cylinder (7-1-1), the end face of the metal inner cylinder (7-1-2) is higher than the end face of the metal outer cylinder (7-1-1), the light source end of the illumination optical fiber (7-3) is tightly arranged into a column shape, the outer side of the illumination optical fiber is wrapped by the metal shell (7-3-1), a coupling lens (7-3-3) is fixed in the metal shell (7-3-1) through a coupling lens pressing ring (7-3-2), the central line of the coupling lens (7-3-3) is overlapped with the central line of the light source end of the illumination optical fiber (7-3), and the illumination optical fiber (7-3) is connected with the light source module (4) through the metal shell (7-3-1);
a heat insulation baffle plate (5) is arranged between the light source module (4) and the spectrum detection module (6), a fan (3) is arranged at the rear end of the light source module (4), and a ventilation hole (1-1) is formed in the shell (1);
the appearance of the shell (1) is similar to a pistol shape, the shell (1) is provided with a handle with a streamline appearance, the rechargeable battery (11) is fixed inside the handle, the lower end of the handle is fixed with the charging interface (12), the measuring key (8) is fixed at a first joint of an index finger when the handle is held by a human hand, the position of the measuring key (8) is similar to the position of a trigger of a pistol, the display screen (9) is positioned at the rear end of the shell (1) and directly faces a user, the position of the display screen (9) is similar to the position of a hammer of the pistol, and the power switch (10), the display screen (9), the main control module (2), the fan (3), the light source module (4), the heat insulation baffle (5), the spectrum detection module (6) and the probe module (7) are fixed inside the upper part of the shell (1);
in the probe module (7), except that the front end of the probe (7-1) is positioned outside the shell (1), other parts are positioned inside the shell (1), the probe (7-1) is positioned at the foremost end inside the shell (1), and the position of the probe (7-1) is similar to the position of a gun barrel.
2. The portable kiwi fruit brix nondestructive testing device of claim 1, wherein: the spectrum detection module (6) is located at the front end inside the shell (1) and is far away from the light source module (4) and the main control module (2).
3. The portable kiwi fruit brix nondestructive testing device of claim 1, wherein: the fan (3) is connected with the main control module (2).
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| CN107202761A (en) * | 2017-06-09 | 2017-09-26 | 甘肃萃英大农科技有限公司 | The portable detection equipment and detection method of a kind of quick detection fruit internal quality |
| CN108593588A (en) * | 2018-05-24 | 2018-09-28 | 华中农业大学 | A kind of Portable near infrared moisture detector and its data collecting probe |
| CN109470640A (en) * | 2018-12-14 | 2019-03-15 | 北京华易明新科技有限公司 | A kind of lubricating oil multiple determination probe based on Visible-to-Near InfaRed absorption spectrum |
| CN109856073A (en) * | 2019-03-13 | 2019-06-07 | 西北农林科技大学 | Portable Kiwi berry expands fruit fast non-destructive detection method and device |
| CN109856081A (en) * | 2019-03-13 | 2019-06-07 | 西北农林科技大学 | Portable kiwi fruit sugar fast non-destructive detection method and device |
| CN113109524A (en) * | 2020-01-13 | 2021-07-13 | 攀枝花市创客农业有限公司 | Finished product sweetness taste test equipment for deeply processing dried mangos |
| CN112097908A (en) * | 2020-08-11 | 2020-12-18 | 中国农业大学 | Fruit internal quality detection sensor matched with smart phone and method thereof |
| CN112525855B (en) * | 2020-11-20 | 2021-11-02 | 广东省农业科学院蔬菜研究所 | Detection method and device for quality parameters of pumpkin fruits and computer equipment |
| CN115561180A (en) * | 2022-01-14 | 2023-01-03 | 深圳进化动力数码科技有限公司 | Fresh commodity freshness detection equipment based on infrared multispectral and visible light |
| CN114902947B (en) * | 2022-07-18 | 2022-10-28 | 黑龙江大学 | Cabbage sugar degree on-line monitoring device and drip irrigation regulation and control system realized by adopting same |
| CN117686496B (en) * | 2024-01-19 | 2024-06-25 | 中国国检测试控股集团山东有限公司 | Portable garnet infrared identification detection device and detection method |
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