CN106769594A - A kind of thermal fatigue test method - Google Patents
A kind of thermal fatigue test method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106769594A CN106769594A CN201611101553.1A CN201611101553A CN106769594A CN 106769594 A CN106769594 A CN 106769594A CN 201611101553 A CN201611101553 A CN 201611101553A CN 106769594 A CN106769594 A CN 106769594A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/60—Investigating resistance of materials, e.g. refractory materials, to rapid heat changes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0058—Kind of property studied
- G01N2203/0069—Fatigue, creep, strain-stress relations or elastic constants
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Abstract
The invention provides a kind of thermal fatigue test method, including：Preposition experiment：Choose and preparing experiment equipment；According to the performance of the pulse laser generator, the different all mode of operations that disclosure satisfy that thermal fatigue test purpose of parameter composition are selected；Record temperature change parameter of the test sample in experimentation under each mode of operation；Thermal fatigue test：The selection experimental facilities same with preposition experiment, corresponding mode of operation is selected as the running parameter of current PRF laser generator according to experiment purpose, each experimental facilities is controlled to test actual sample by control unit, when the crackle of specific length occurs in actual sample surface, terminate thermal fatigue test；The actual sample is cleared up and analyzed, the thermal fatigue property of the actual sample is evaluated.The present invention effectively using the heating feature of pulse laser by adjusting its parameter and carrying out Rational Parameters combination, can in laboratory conditions realize the different cyclic loading forms in actual condition.
Description
Technical field
It is more particularly to a kind of real to obtain all experiments by preposition experiment the present invention relates to material thermal fatigue test field
Existing mode, and realize the thermal fatigue test method of random experimentation.
Background technology
Engine chamber parts are cooled medium and high frequency periodic high-temperature fuel gas are made in its running
With, at the same be accompanied by irregular startup-work-shutdown low frequency cycle change, the thermal force born be one at any time
Between change non-uniform temperature field.
Existing thermal fatigue test, is all to directly select a kind of mode of heating and fix a kind of heating mode to add sample
Heat, until completing the thermal fatigue test of sample, this heating mode can not well embody the change of temperature in actual environment
Journey, and the random cold cycling mode in actual environment can not be reproduced, cause the experimental result error for producing larger.
The content of the invention
Tested to obtain all experiment implementations by preposition it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of, and realized random
The thermal fatigue test method of experimentation.
Especially, the present invention provides a kind of thermal fatigue test method, comprises the following steps,
Step 100, preposition experiment：Choose and preparing experiment equipment, the experimental facilities includes consistent with actual sample
Test sample, the cooling system lowered the temperature to test sample, the pulse laser generator heated to test sample, measurement
The test sample temp measuring system of temperature change, acquisition test sample face crack state in experimentation in experimentation
Crackle observation device, and Control experiment process control unit；
Step 200, according to the performance of the pulse laser generator, the different parameters composition of selection is all to disclosure satisfy that heat
The mode of operation of fatigue experiment purpose, by control unit control the experimental facilities empirically required under each mode of operation into
Row is tested successively；
Step 300, records temperature change parameter of the test sample in experimentation under each mode of operation；
Step 400, thermal fatigue test：The selection experimental facilities same with preposition experiment, it is corresponding according to experiment purpose selection
Mode of operation as the running parameter of current PRF laser generator, each experimental facilities is controlled to actual sample by control unit
Tested, when the crackle of specific length occurs in actual sample surface, terminated thermal fatigue test；
Step 500, is cleared up and is analyzed to the actual sample, evaluates the thermal fatigue property of the actual sample.
In an embodiment of the invention, it is necessary to be carried out to the surface of the test sample in the step 100
Grinding, so that it is identical with the surface roughness of the actual sample.
In an embodiment of the invention, in the step 200, by the pulse laser generator to the survey
The surface of test agent carries out intermittent heating, empirically requires integrally to carry out the test sample by the cooling system cold
But, the laser of pulse laser generator is radiated in the test sample surface in hot spot described in the temp measuring system test constantly
The temperature of the heart；Said process is repeated, until completing experiment purpose.
In an embodiment of the invention, in the step 200, the parameter of the pulse laser generator includes
Pulsewidth, repetitive rate, single pulse energy, laser action time and defocusing amount.
In an embodiment of the invention, in the step 200, the component content of each mode of operation includes：
One in the single pulse energy value of the pulse laser generator multiple level is selected, for the single pulse energy value in arteries and veins
Width, single pulse energy, the laser action time and defocusing amount it is constant under conditions of, only change pulse laser repetitive rate, with obtain not
With sample surface temperature under laser repetition rate-change over time curve.
In an embodiment of the invention, the acquisition modes of the surface temperature-time change curve are as follows：For
The temperature change parameter of record, every pulse maximum temperature is filtered out for peak value using data processing software, connects each peak value
Temperature coenvelope line is obtained, value of the temperature coenvelope line in initial time is taken as initial temperature, temperature coenvelope line is taken and is existed
Peak in the laser action time as maximum temperature, when calculating different pulse laser repetitive rates under this single pulse energy value
Programming rate；Said process is repeated to obtain the programming rate under all single pulse energy values；It is available using programming rate
It is with laser action total energy density change curve.
In an embodiment of the invention, in the step 400, described control unit in control process, it is necessary to
Maximum temperature, minimum temperature and cycle-index when first setting actual sample is circulated；When the pulse laser generator will be actual
When sample surface temperature is heated to maximum temperature value, stop the pulse laser generator work, control cooling system is to reality
Sample is cooled down, and when actual sample surface temperature is preferably minimized temperature, is again started up pulse laser generator to actual sample
Product are heated, and are repeated said process to the cycle-index or the actual sample surface for specifying and the crackle of specific length are occurred
When, terminate thermal fatigue test.
In an embodiment of the invention, in the step 400, including more than one the mode of operation is selected to carry out
Combine to simulate the practical service environment of actual sample, reproduce and use environment identical heating environment, cooler environment and cold
The mode of the irregular alternate cycles of heat.
In an embodiment of the invention, the experimental facilities includes：
Falsework, including laser fixed mount；
LASER HEATING system, on the laser fixed mount, for heating sample；
Sample placement rack, positioned at the lower section of the laser generator, including fixed sample clamping device, the clamping dress
Put including two pieces of grip blocks being oppositely arranged, and drive two pieces of power set of the grip block relative motion；
Temperature measuring equipment, for temperature change of the real-time monitoring sample in experimentation；
Crackle observation device, for monitoring state change of the sample surfaces in experimentation by vision facilities；
Cooling device, the temperature for reducing sample；
Control unit, the experiment parameter for controlling each part.
In an embodiment of the invention, the sample placement rack also includes tilt adjustment structure, and the inclination is adjusted
Nodule structure includes the regulating platform of the fixation clamping device, and the regulation for adjusting the regulating platform angle of inclination and the anglec of rotation
Seat, the adjustment seat includes turntable, and for inserting the socket of the turntable, and adjusted on the turntable
The height regulating rod at the regulating platform angle of inclination, the height regulating rod is connected by universal joint with the bottom surface of the regulating platform
Connect, the fixing bolt of turntable after fixed insertion is provided with the socket.
The present invention can effectively using the heating feature of pulse laser, by adjusting its parameter (pulsewidth, repetitive rate, simple venation
Rush energy, impulse waveform, defocusing amount, pulse marshalling etc.) and Rational Parameters combination is carried out, actual work is realized in laboratory conditions
Different cyclic loading forms (high frequency, low frequency, low-and high-frequency combination circulation) in condition.By to pulse laser preliminary experiment result
Scientific analysis, the foundation of science is provided for the selection of the Pulsed Laser Parameters of thermal fatigue test.Suitable pulse laser is selected to join
Number, with reference to the type of cooling of different cooling rate, heat fatigue damage is furtherd investigate to provide one kind in the range of Multi hiberarchy and multi scale
Hinder the experimental technique of influence factor and mechanism, for quickly and accurately carrying out different types of pulse laser thermal fatigue test, tool
There is important scientific meaning and construction value.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the thermal fatigue test method flow schematic diagram of one embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the temperature-time curve of preposition experiment test in one embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 3 is the temperature-time curve analysis of preposition experiment test in one embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 4 is preposition interpretation in one embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 5 is preposition interpretation in one embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 6 is the spot center and the temperature-time cycles curve of matrix of actual sample in one embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 7 is the face crack shape appearance figure of actual sample spot center zone oxidation in one embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 8 is the face crack pattern after actual sample spot center region scale removal in one embodiment of the invention
Figure；
Fig. 9 is the experimental facilities structural representation of one embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Using pulse laser generator as heating source, its laser beam for producing has high power density, Gao Shi to the application
The characteristics of empty controllability, it is easier to realize the non-uniform temperature field distribution for changing over time.
As shown in figure 1, the thermal fatigue test method of one embodiment of the present invention, comprises the following steps,
Step 100, preposition experiment：Choose and preparing experiment equipment, the experimental facilities includes consistent with actual sample
Test sample, the cooling system lowered the temperature to test sample, the pulse laser generator heated to test sample, measurement
The test sample temp measuring system of temperature change, acquisition test sample face crack state in experimentation in experimentation
Crackle observation device, and Control experiment process control unit.
Can test whether all experimental facilities can reach requirement of experiment by preposition experiment, while obtaining all experiments
The service behaviour of equipment, adjustable performance data is provided with for different experimental situations.
Step 200, according to the performance of the pulse laser generator, the different parameters composition of selection is all to disclosure satisfy that heat
The mode of operation of fatigue experiment purpose, by control unit control the experimental facilities empirically required under each mode of operation into
Row is tested successively.
In same experimental facilities, various mode of operations for meeting experiment condition can be combined into, such as reduce pulse
Energy, can extend the time that sample reaches predetermined temperature；Increasing repetitive rate can accelerate sample temperature ramp-up rate；Extension laser is made
Sample temperature can be improved with the time, the cooling velocity for changing cooling system can change cool time of sample etc..Pass through
Different parameters is combined, it is possible to achieve the Actual Simulation of varying environment situation, so as to improve the accuracy of experimental result.
Step 300, records temperature change parameter of the test sample in experimentation under each mode of operation.
The step can obtain temperature change during different working modes, so that for varying environment selects suitable Working mould
Formula provides selection basis.
Step 400, thermal fatigue test：The selection experimental facilities same with preposition experiment, it is corresponding according to experiment purpose selection
Mode of operation as the running parameter of current PRF laser generator, each experimental facilities is controlled to actual sample by control unit
Tested, when the crackle of specific length occurs in actual sample surface, terminated thermal fatigue test.
This step is the specific experiment for actual sample, because preposition experiment has been provided for enough for such sample
Experimental data, therefore, it can the practical service environment for actual sample, select immediate mode of operation to carry out reality
Test, so as to get experimental result closest to real result.Here whether the crackle on actual sample meets requirement of experiment, can be with
Determined by the manual observation of crackle observation device, it is also possible to which corresponding activation point is set in crackle observation device, when crackle exists
When length and/or width meet requirement of experiment, automatic alarm is carried out.
Step 500, is cleared up and is analyzed to the actual sample, evaluates the thermal fatigue property of the actual sample.
Present embodiment can effectively using the heating feature of pulse laser, by adjust its parameter (pulsewidth, repetitive rate,
Single pulse energy, impulse waveform, defocusing amount, pulse marshalling etc.) and Rational Parameters combination is carried out, realize in laboratory conditions real
Different cyclic loading forms (high frequency, low frequency, low-and high-frequency combination circulation) in the operating mode of border.By to pulse laser preliminary experiment knot
The scientific analysis of fruit, the foundation of science is provided for the selection of the Pulsed Laser Parameters of thermal fatigue test.Suitable pulse is selected to swash
Optical parameter, it is tired to provide one kind further investigation heat in the range of Multi hiberarchy and multi scale with reference to the type of cooling of different cooling rate
The experimental technique of influence factor and mechanism is hindered in strain, for quickly and accurately carrying out different types of pulse laser heat fatigue reality
Test, with important scientific meaning and construction value.
In an embodiment of the invention, it is the test effect of raising test sample, can be before preposition experiment, first
Surface to test sample is ground, so that it is identical with the surface roughness of actual sample, actual feelings is more met to obtain
The experimental result of condition.
In an embodiment of the invention, in specific experimentation, can be by pulse laser generator to test
The surface of sample carries out intermittent heating, whole to test sample by cooling system during pulse laser generator is stopped
Body is cooled down, and the laser of temp measuring system test constantly pulse laser generator is radiated at spot center in test sample surface
Temperature；Said process is repeated, until completing experiment purpose.In other embodiments, or cooling system is right all the time
Test sample is cooled down, test heated condition on this basis.The specific type of cooling can be to test sample surface
Cool down, or to test sample internal cooling.
In an embodiment of the invention, the parameter of the pulse laser generator can include pulsewidth, repetitive rate, list
Pulse energy, laser action time and defocusing amount.The component content of each mode of operation can include：Strobe pulse laser occurs
One in the single pulse energy value of device multiple level, for the single pulse energy value in pulsewidth, single pulse energy, laser action
Under conditions of time and defocusing amount are constant, only change pulse laser repetitive rate, to obtain sample surfaces under different laser repetition rates
Temperature-change over time curve.
In an embodiment of the invention, the acquisition modes of the surface temperature-time change curve can be as follows：Pin
To the temperature change parameter for recording, every pulse maximum temperature is filtered out for peak value using data processing software, connect each peak value and obtain
To temperature coenvelope line, value of the temperature coenvelope line in initial time is taken as initial temperature, take temperature coenvelope line and swashing
Peak in the light action time as maximum temperature, when calculating different pulse laser repetitive rates under this single pulse energy value
Programming rate；Said process is repeated to obtain the programming rate under all single pulse energy values；It is can obtain using programming rate
With laser action total energy density change curve.
In an embodiment of the invention, the control unit can first set actual sample in Control release process
Maximum temperature, minimum temperature and cycle-index when product are circulated；When pulse laser generator heats actual sample surface temperature
During to maximum temperature value, stop pulse laser generator work, control cooling system is cooled down to actual sample, when actual sample
When product surface temperature is preferably minimized temperature, it is again started up pulse laser generator and actual sample is heated, repeats above-mentioned mistake
When the crackle of specific length occurs in journey to the cycle-index or actual sample surface for specifying, terminate thermal fatigue test.
In other embodiments, or limit time for being heated or cooled and be circulated experiment.
In an embodiment of the invention, it is to reproduce random cold and hot in practical service environment of actual sample to follow
Ring phenomenon, in the experimentation of actual sample, can select more than one mode of operation to be combined to simulate actual sample
The practical service environment of product, the arrangement of each mode of operation, heating condition, cooling condition can be configured according to actual conditions,
With reproduction and use environment identical heating environment, the mode of cooler environment and cold and hot irregular alternate cycles.
For example：In the low single pulse energy (3~10J) of the selection of temperature T1~T2 sections, the laser of high-repetition-rate (20~50Hz)
Parameter group is unified, and is quickly heated, and closing laser is cooled down after reaching corresponding temperature, is cooled to temperature T4 (T4 and T1
It is not necessarily equal) recycle laser parameter combination one to be heated afterwards, so circulation.
And for example：In the low single pulse energy (3~10J) of the selection of temperature T1~T2 sections, the laser of high-repetition-rate (20~50Hz)
Parameter group is unified, and is quickly heated；In T2~T3 sections of selection single pulse energy (10~40J) high, low repeatability (1~10Hz)
Laser parameter combination two, carry out high-temperature oscillation in temperature T2 to T3 intervals, it is specific repeat rate score can be according to actual feelings
Condition is converted and is set accordingly, laser can be closed after the number of oscillation of completion setting and is cooled down, and is cooled to temperature T4
Laser parameter combination one is switched to after (T4 is not necessarily equal with T1) again to be heated, so circulation.
A specific embodiment presented below illustrates the experimentation of the application.
Specific experiment parameter is as follows：
1st, pulse laser generator using France IQL 10 solid pulse laser, using optical fiber by laser and laser
Head connection, fibre diameter is 0.06mm；
2nd, laser beam distribution transformation into a branch of Gaussian Profile laser is selected suitable defocusing amount by beam shaping system, is made
Spot diameter is 8mm.
3rd, the Raytek LTH that infrared radiation thermometer is produced using Lei Tai companies, temperature-measuring range -40~600 DEG C, spectral response 8
~14 μm, response time 150ms, infrared radiation thermometer probe vertical is located in fact in actual sample surface, the position of test temperature point
Border sample surfaces laser spot center.
4th, it is passed through compressed air in the pipeline of cooling system to cool down sample, compressed air require is set to 10L/
min。
Actual sample size is 10mm × 10mm × 25mm, below its surface grinding to 0.8 μm of surface roughness, is placed
On sample placement rack, heat insulating mattress can be placed between actual sample and sample placement rack, prevent heat transfer between the two.It is real
The material of border sample is RuT400, and material main chemical compositions are as shown in table 1.
When carrying out preposition experiment, according to the ability of pulse laser generator, the single pulse energy test of 3 levels of setting
Value, respectively 3J, 5J, 10J (pulse energy).Pulsewidth is set to 2ms, and the laser action time is fixed as 60s, single pulse energy choosing
It is selected as 5J, test sample surface temperature-time curve, such as Fig. 2 when testing laser repetitive rate is 1Hz, 4Hz, 8Hz, 10Hz respectively
It is shown.Holding pulsewidth is that 2ms, laser action time 60s are constant, and change single pulse energy is 3J or 10J, is tested out respectively not
With the test sample surface temperature-time curve under laser repetition rate.
For the surface temperature-time change curve for testing out, every pulse is filtered out using data processing software origin
Maximum temperature is peak value, connects each peak value and obtains temperature coenvelope line, takes temperature coenvelope line in duration in 2 seconds as initial temperature
Ti=90 DEG C, peak of the temperature coenvelope line in laser action time 60s is taken as maximum temperature Tm=210 DEG C, such as Fig. 3
It is shown, calculate v=2.07 DEG C of the heating rate/s under 2ms, 5J, 10Hz this laser parameter combination；With same method meter
Calculate the initial temperature T of remaining temperature-time curvei, maximum temperature Tm, heating rate v.With pulse laser repetitive rate as transverse axis,
Initial temperature TiIt is the longitudinal axis, obtains initial temperature-repetitive rate curve, as shown in Figure 4.With laser action total energy density in 60s
For transverse axis, heating rate v are the longitudinal axis, heating rate-total energy density curve is obtained, as shown in Figure 5.
Heating rate and maximum temperature according to required for carrying out low-cycle thermal fatigue experiment, with reference to the preposition knot tested and obtain
Really, thermal fatigue test is carried out in the Pulsed Laser Parameters combination of selection 2ms, 5J, 20Hz.By the actual sample surface of thermal fatigue test
It is ground to below 0.8 μm of surface roughness, is placed on sample placement rack, select suitable defocusing amount, makes the spot diameter be
8mm, compressed air require is set to 10L/min.
400 DEG C of maximum temperature, 150 DEG C of minimum temperature, the cycle-index 4500 times of setting thermal fatigue test circulation；Work as pulse
When actual sample surface temperature is heated to maximum temperature value by laser beam, stop heating, actual sample is cooled down, work as surface
When temperature is preferably minimized temperature, pulse laser beam is heated to actual sample, and thermal fatigue test is terminated after completing 4500 circulations, is obtained
To actual sample spot center and the temperature-time cycles curve of matrix, as shown in Figure 6.
After thermal fatigue test terminates, actual sample face crack pattern is observed using light microscope, be hot spot
The face crack shape appearance figure of central area oxidation, multiplication factor is 100 times, as shown in Figure 7；After scale removal, spot center
The face crack shape appearance figure of zone oxidation, multiplication factor is 100 times, as shown in Figure 8.
In an embodiment of the invention, the experimental facilities being related to can occur including falsework 10, pulse laser
Device 20, sample placement rack 30, temperature measuring equipment 40, crackle observation device 70, cooling system 50 and control unit 60.
The falsework 10 provides installation pedestal for each equipment, is added in work and is provided with laser fixed mount 21.The pulse swashs
Optical generator 20 is arranged on laser fixed mount 21, the laser for specifying power to electromagnetic radiation.The sample placement rack 30
In the lower section of pulse laser generator 20, including fixed sample clamping device 31, the clamping device 31 can include two pieces of phases
Moved with applying constant stress to sample with by the stabilized grip block of sample, and two pieces of grip block relative motions of driving to setting
Power apparatus.The temperature measuring equipment 40 is used to obtain temperature change value of the sample in whole experiment process in real time.The cooling system
System 50 is used to control low temperature of the sample in experiment to change.The control unit 60 controls above-mentioned part to be loaded by predetermined experiment condition
Operational factor, including laser watt level, the size of chilling temperature, the loading force size of power set etc..
The crackle observation device 70 is used for the state change by corresponding vision facilities observing samples in experimentation；
The change is mainly sample under by rule or irregular height-low circulation thermal stimulus, when there is crackle in sample surfaces when
Between and the status information that changes over time of crack length, width.Specific vision facilities can be that microscope or CCD etc. can hold
Continuous observation and the equipment for obtaining sample variation image, its image for obtaining can be fed directly to control unit and be analyzed in real time
And/or as follow-up study data.
Present embodiment, as thermal source, can effectively utilize the heating feature of pulse laser, with reference to difference using pulse laser
The type of cooling of cooldown rate, the temperature fluctuation of accurate simulation Heating Components and material difference change frequency, sample is in experience warm
Constant mechanical stress loading is subject to while circulating temperature fluctuates, can be split parallel to generation orientation extension on compressive load direction
Line, so as to the problem for avoiding manufacturing crackle on sample in advance and causing experimental precision to decline in the prior art.
Operationally, pulse laser generator is arranged on falsework 10, and sample to be tested is placed on into sample places
On seat 30, specimen holder is handled using two grip blocks of clamping device 31, while controlling power set by control unit 60
Sample is applied to specify the constant stress of size.Then starting impulse laser generator 20 carries out the laser of predetermined power to sample
Irradiation, with high temperature suffered by analog sample, the cooling of predetermined temperature is carried out using cooling system 50 to sample, sample is born simulation
Low-temperature condition under environment.Can be with relative analog sample in actual environment by pulse laser generator 20 and cooling system 50
The cold and hot temperature change born.The temperature change of sample surfaces and/or inside can be obtained by temperature measuring equipment 40.And
Control unit 60 can control the operational factor of all parts in whole experiment process, to obtain more accurate simulated environment.
In the present embodiment, the running crack direction of sample is parallel with its suffered clamping force direction, and clamping device
31 chucking power size is directly proportional to the crack propagation velocity of sample, i.e., chucking power gets over the extension speed that large sample produces oriented crack
Degree is faster.
Present embodiment disclosure satisfy that the hot fatigue performance test of different materials sample and structural member, and provide accurate
Experimental result, with important scientific meaning and construction value.
In an embodiment of the invention, for convenience of the irradiation distance for adjusting laser, the laser fixed mount 21 can be with
It is connected with falsework 10 by lowering or hoisting gear 11, falsework 10 can include a vertically disposed mounting post 12, lifting dress
Putting 11 can include the adjusting set 111 being enclosed within mounting post 12, be fixed with the side of adjusting set 111 and connected with laser fixed mount 21
The cross bar 112 for connecing, adjusting set 111 is fixed by the fixing bolt 113 through adjusting set 111 and mounting post 12.
When in use, specific pulse laser generator 20 is arranged on laser fixed mount 21, its Laser emission direction court
Downwards, the position by mobile adjusting set 111 in mounting post 12, can be with the irradiation of coarse adjustment pulse laser generator and sample
Distance.When adjusting to correct position, by tightening fixing bolt 113 by by adjusting set 111 be fixed on mounting post 12 work as
On front position.To prevent adjusting set 111 from gliding, multiple screwed holes can be set by row in mounting post 12, then by fixing bolt
113 are screwed into corresponding screwed hole.
In other embodiments, it is also possible to corresponding rack structure is installed in mounting post 12 or pulley block structure comes
The lifting of control laser fixed mount 11.
Further, in an embodiment of the invention, the pulse laser generator 20 can include pulse laser
Generator, and adjust the light velocity transformation system 22 of the laser output time space light distribution of pulse laser generator.
In an embodiment of the invention, the temperature measuring equipment 40 can be infrared radiation thermometer and/or thermocouple.
Infrared radiation thermometer can be used for obtaining the temperature of sample surfaces, and thermocouple can be used for obtaining the temperature of sample interior.
In an embodiment of the invention, the cooling system 50 can include the transfer pipeline of conveying cooling medium
51, the magnetic valve and flowmeter 52 of cooling medium consumption are controlled on transfer pipeline 51.In present embodiment, transfer pipeline
51 output end is relative with the sample being placed on sample placement rack 30, and the cooling medium of its discharge is applied directly on sample,
Reach sufficiently cool purpose.Specific cooling medium can be compressed air or water.Further, in other embodiment
In, corresponding cooling medium circulation passage can be set in the grip block of sample placement rack 30, directly using grip block as cold
But media.
In an embodiment of the invention, for convenience of sample clamping, two pieces of grip blocks can be divided into actively clamping
Block 312 and passive grip block 311, passive grip block 311 include the grip block and sliding seat that are mutually connected vertically, active grip block
312 are placed on sliding seat and can be moved along sliding seat, and pressure is provided with active grip block 312 or passive grip block 311
Sensor and displacement transducer.
When in use, sample can be placed on the sliding seat of passive grip block 311, then drive active grip block 312 by
The relatively passive side of grip block 311 of sample promotes sample, the passive grip block 311 of final sum together to handle specimen holder and hold it
By constant stress.In the present embodiment, passive grip block 311 can only as sample plummer and mounting bracket 10 or other
Fixing point is fixed, and driven bearing is extruded by active grip block 312.Can also be while as sample plummer, by power
The control of device and with the relative motion of active grip block 312.Pressure sensor and displacement transducer can respectively measure sample and receive
The compressive load and the displacement of movable terminal for arriving, and feed back to control unit.
Corresponding clamp structure, such as clamping cylinder can also be arranged as required on specific grip block, it is non-right with fixation
Claim sample or the special sample of shape.
In an embodiment of the invention, the power set can include being separately positioned on the He of active grip block 312
The gripper cylinder of the passive opposite exterior lateral sides of grip block 311, when chucking power is applied, promotion that can be relative is actively clamped gripper cylinder
Block 312 and passive grip block 311 are extruded middle sample simultaneously.
Power set can also be fixes passive grip block 311, while connecting the relative quilt of active grip block 312 with screw mandrel
The mechanical clamping structure of the dynamic relative motion of grip block 311, such as bench vice.
In an embodiment of the invention, to avoid sample reflection laser, the sample placement rack 30 can also include
Tilt adjustment structure, tilt adjustment structure includes the regulating platform 33 of fixed clamp device 31, and regulation regulating platform 33 angle of inclination
With the adjustment seat of the anglec of rotation, adjustment seat includes turntable 35, and for inserting the socket 37 of turntable 35, and installed in rotation
The height regulating rod 34 at the angle of inclination of regulating platform 33 is adjusted on turntable 35, height regulating rod 34 is by universal joint and regulating platform 33
Bottom surface is connected, and the fixing bolt 38 of turntable 35 after fixed insertion is provided with socket 37.
After the clamped device 31 of sample is clamped, by turning height regulating rod 34, its upper end protrusion turntable is can control
The height of 35 upper surfaces, makes it that regulating platform 33 is inclined into jack-up by fulcrum of side, also just have adjusted the angle of inclination of sample.Adjust
Section platform 33 can be connected by a side with a side axle of clamping device 31, and height regulating rod 34 is arranged on regulating platform 33
Another side, can make height regulating rod 34 arbitrarily change direction with angle without influence regulating platform 33 by universal joint.Turntable
35 by fixed column 36 and the grafting of socket 37 so that turntable 35 can in the plane realize 360 degree of rotation, so as to adjust sample
The direction of product reflection laser.Socket 37 can be a part, or independent part for mounting bracket 10.Adjusted by by sample
Into heeling condition, the laser beam that sample surfaces can be avoided to reflect damages beam shaping system 21 or pulse laser generator.This
Implementation method by the purpose of sample inclination in addition to preventing sample reflection laser and damaging optical fiber and beam shaping system, can also side
Just the probe vertical of temperature measuring equipment is irradiated in sample surfaces, obtains more accurate temperature value.
Further, it is heated position for convenience of adjustment sample, the sample placement rack 30 can also include regulation sample flat
The planar regulation device (not shown) of optional position on face, planar regulation device includes that be arranged on regulating platform 33 fills with clamping
The lateral adjustments structure in 31 contacts one side is put, and is arranged on falsework 10 with the longitudinally adjust structure of fixed socket 37.Should
Lateral adjustments structure can include being arranged on the horizontal concrete chute of concave or convex on regulating platform 33, and clamping device 31 is by snapping in horizontal stroke
It is slidably connected to the sliding block and regulating platform 33 of chute；Longitudinally adjust structure can include the indent or outer being arranged on falsework 10
Convex longitudinal chute, socket 37 is slidably connected after snapping in longitudinal chute with falsework 10.
When the position that is heated to sample is adjusted, platform 33 can be controlled to adjust pre-determined bit is slid on horizontal concrete chute
Put, then control socket 37 to slide into precalculated position on longitudinal chute, so that sample can be reached in plane within the specific limits
Any point position.
So far, although those skilled in the art will appreciate that detailed herein have shown and described multiple of the invention and show
Example property embodiment, but, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, still can be direct according to present disclosure
It is determined that or deriving many other variations or modifications for meeting the principle of the invention.Therefore, the scope of the present invention is understood that and recognizes
It is set to and covers all these other variations or modifications.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of thermal fatigue test method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps,
Step 100, preposition experiment：Choose and preparing experiment equipment, the experimental facilities includes the test consistent with actual sample
Sample, the cooling system lowered the temperature to test sample, the pulse laser generator heated to test sample, measurement test
The sample temp measuring system of temperature change, crackle of acquisition test sample face crack state in experimentation in experimentation
Observation device, and Control experiment process control unit；
Step 200, according to the performance of the pulse laser generator, the different parameters composition of selection is all to disclosure satisfy that heat fatigue
The mode of operation of experiment purpose, by control unit control the experimental facilities under each mode of operation empirically require carry out according to
Secondary experiment；
Step 300, records temperature change parameter of the test sample in experimentation under each mode of operation；
Step 400, thermal fatigue test：The selection experimental facilities same with preposition experiment, corresponding work is selected according to experiment purpose
Operation mode controls each experimental facilities to carry out actual sample as the running parameter of current PRF laser generator by control unit
Experiment, when the crackle of specific length occurs in actual sample surface, terminates thermal fatigue test；
Step 500, is cleared up and is analyzed to the actual sample, evaluates the thermal fatigue property of the actual sample.
2. thermal fatigue test method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
, it is necessary to be ground to the surface of the test sample in the step 100, so that its table with the actual sample
Surface roughness is identical.
3. thermal fatigue test method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
In the step 200, intermittent heating is carried out to the surface of the test sample by the pulse laser generator, by
The cooling system empirically requires integrally to cool down the test sample, pulse described in the temp measuring system test constantly
The laser of laser generator is radiated at the temperature of spot center in the test sample surface；Said process is repeated, until completing
Experiment purpose.
4. thermal fatigue test method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
In the step 200, the parameter of the pulse laser generator includes that pulsewidth, repetitive rate, single pulse energy, laser are made
With time and defocusing amount.
5. thermal fatigue test method according to claim 4, it is characterised in that
In the step 200, the component content of each mode of operation includes：Select the pulse laser generator multiple level
Single pulse energy value in one, for the single pulse energy value in pulsewidth, single pulse energy, laser action time and defocus
Under conditions of amount is constant, only change pulse laser repetitive rate, to obtain sample surface temperature under different laser repetition rates-with the time
Change curve.
6. thermal fatigue test method according to claim 5, it is characterised in that
The acquisition modes of the surface temperature-time change curve are as follows：For the temperature change parameter of record, using number
Go out every pulse maximum temperature for peak value according to treatment software screening method, connect each peak value and obtain temperature coenvelope line, take temperature coenvelope
Value of the line in initial time takes peak of the temperature coenvelope line within the laser action time as highest as initial temperature
Temperature, calculates programming rate during different pulse laser repetitive rates under this single pulse energy value；Said process is repeated to obtain
Programming rate under all single pulse energy values；It is can obtain using programming rate change bent with laser action total energy density
Line.
7. thermal fatigue test method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that
In the step 400, described control unit is in control process, it is necessary to first set highest temperature when actual sample is circulated
Degree, minimum temperature and cycle-index；When actual sample surface temperature is heated to maximum temperature value by the pulse laser generator
When, stopping the pulse laser generator work, control cooling system is cooled down to actual sample, when actual sample surface temperature
When degree is preferably minimized temperature, it is again started up pulse laser generator and actual sample is heated, repeats said process to regulation
Cycle-index or actual sample surface when there is the crackle of specific length, terminate thermal fatigue test.
8. thermal fatigue test method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
In the step 400, including more than one mode of operation is selected to be combined to simulate the actually used of actual sample
Environment, reproduces and use environment identical heating environment, the mode of cooler environment and cold and hot irregular alternate cycles.
9. thermal fatigue test method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the experimental facilities includes：
Falsework, including laser fixed mount；
LASER HEATING system, on the laser fixed mount, for heating sample；
Sample placement rack, positioned at the lower section of the laser generator, including fixed sample clamping device, the clamping device bag
Two pieces of grip blocks being oppositely arranged are included, and drives two pieces of power set of the grip block relative motion；
Temperature measuring equipment, for temperature change of the real-time monitoring sample in experimentation；
Crackle observation device, for monitoring state change of the sample surfaces in experimentation by vision facilities；
Cooling device, the temperature for reducing sample；
Control unit, the experiment parameter for controlling each part.
10. thermal fatigue test method according to claim 9, it is characterised in that
The sample placement rack also includes tilt adjustment structure, and the tilt adjustment structure includes the tune of the fixation clamping device
Section platform, and the adjustment seat of the regulating platform angle of inclination and the anglec of rotation is adjusted, the adjustment seat includes turntable, and for inserting
The socket of the turntable is filled, and the height regulating rod at the regulating platform angle of inclination is adjusted on the turntable,
The height regulating rod is connected by universal joint with the bottom surface of the regulating platform, is revolved after fixed insertion is provided with the socket
The fixing bolt of turntable.
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