CN106769380A - A kind of phytoplankton scene separation and concentration method - Google Patents
A kind of phytoplankton scene separation and concentration method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106769380A CN106769380A CN201611257594.XA CN201611257594A CN106769380A CN 106769380 A CN106769380 A CN 106769380A CN 201611257594 A CN201611257594 A CN 201611257594A CN 106769380 A CN106769380 A CN 106769380A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/40—Concentrating samples
- G01N1/4077—Concentrating samples by other techniques involving separation of suspended solids
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/40—Concentrating samples
- G01N1/4077—Concentrating samples by other techniques involving separation of suspended solids
- G01N2001/4088—Concentrating samples by other techniques involving separation of suspended solids filtration
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of phytoplankton scene separation and concentration method.The bolting silk switch and retaining switch of I and II filter element are turned off, when water sample passes through single filter unit, the larger phytoplankton of particle diameter is attached on single filter bolting silk and completes single filter, water sample enters back into cascade filtration unit, the smaller phytoplankton of particle diameter is attached to and cascade filtration is completed on cascade filtration bolting silk, and water sample enters back into tank；Bolting silk switch is opened and retaining switch is closed, and washs phytoplankton using drainage, and be collected in water pipe；Retaining switch is opened, after wash solution is flowed into sample bottle, retaining switch is turned off.The method is simple, quick, portable, without using extraneous power assistive device, target phytoplankton is relatively stable during transport and preservation, after sample takes back laboratory, microscope can be used directly carries out phytoplankton identification, and the device Each part for using is dismantled and assembled, easy cleaning, both can be combined and used, also can be used alone, can be selected according to using flexible function.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of phytoplankton scene separation and concentration method, and in particular to a kind of to be easy to swimming for dismounting combination
Plant scene secondary separation method for concentration.
Background technology
Phytoplankton also known as planktonic algae, be suspend in water life several algae summation.Phytoplankton gives birth to it
Force of labor is one of important member and critical function of aquatic ecosystem, is the important component of fish natural bait.Due to floating
Change of the trip plant to environment is very sensitive, therefore in environmental monitoring, also plays an important role.Such as fresh water environment, in fish growth
In season, algae composition and standing crop, can provide important scientific basis for the reasonable dispensing of cultured fishes in research water, while
Study and utilize for Ecology and provide useful data.In marine environment, phytoplankton is used as the first of marine ecosystems
The level producer, function has been converted solar energy into by photosynthesis, material circulation and energy flow is opened, to sea fishery
Resource and Global climate change have material impact.Used as food chain basic link, phytoplankton is not only zooplankter and fish
The trophic level high such as shrimp is biological to provide food, and the dissolved organic matter discharged in its growth and death process is also the prokaryotes such as bacterium
Nutriment is provided.Physics and chemistry, the life such as phytoplankton and water Inversion phenomenon, transparency, nutritive salt, feeding of zooplankton pressure simultaneously
The thing factor is closely related.Therefore, sea area Phytoplankton Community Features reflect ecosystem degree of stability significantly, carry out plant of swimming
Thing investigation is also a kind of method for understanding ecosystem health situation.
At present in phytoplankton Investigation, if the phytoplankton sample of collection need qualitative and quantitative determination simultaneously, leads to
Normal way is the water sample for gathering certain volume, and (final concentration of 5%) will be floated again after taking back laboratory to add formalin fix
Trip plant carries out separation of solid and liquid with water.It is main to be separated using cylindrical separatory funnel natural sedimentation method during separation of solid and liquid.Water sample
Separatory funnel is poured into, makes phytoplankton natural sedimentation, it is slow according to siphon method with tiny wave duct (diameter is less than 2mm) after 48h
Absorption supernatant liquor, then sediment is put into reagent bottle.It is clear due to must manually suck upper strata in separatory funnel point liquid
Liquid, it is careless slightly to stir lower sediment thing, siphoned off phytoplankton, cause separate phytoplankton error compared with
Greatly.The phytoplankton for being obtained using the method in addition, it is not of uniform size, bring the deuce to pay to appraisal.There are some researches show
Not only in marine ecosystems phytoplankton particle diameter composition and different-grain diameter phytoplankton to the contribution of gross primary productivity not
Together, and different-grain diameter phytoplankton also has respective consequence in lake ecosystem food chain.Therefore, will gather
Water sample in phytoplankton by particle diameter difference carry out scene separate concentration have great importance.
The content of the invention
For the deficiency of the studies above present situation, the invention provides a kind of phytoplankton scene separation and concentration method, its water
Sample treating capacity flexibly controls changeable, and process time is short, while can realize that the phytoplankton of 2 class specification sizes separates, and
Reach the purpose of concentration.
To achieve these goals, a kind of phytoplankton scene separation and concentration method that the present invention is provided, the method is base
In phytoplankton scene separation concentration device, include single filter unit, cascade filtration unit, tank successively from top to bottom；
Described single filter unit includes single filter bolting silk carriage, the single filter being attached on carriage sieve
Thin,tough silk, one-level sample bottle with a scale；The bottom of single filter bolting silk is connected with water pipe, and water pipe upper and lower side is respectively equipped with bolting silk switch
With retaining switch, water pipe exit is connected with one-level sample bottle with a scale by clip；
Described cascade filtration unit includes cascade filtration bolting silk carriage, the cascade filtration being attached on carriage sieve
Thin,tough silk, two grades of sample bottles with a scale；Cascade filtration bolting silk bottom is equally connected with water pipe, and water pipe upper and lower side is equally respectively equipped with sieve
Thin,tough silk is switched and retaining switch, and water pipe exit is connected with two grades of sample bottles with a scale by clip；
Described tank bottom is connected with outlet pipe, there is effluent switch on outlet pipe, opens effluent switch, just can discard or
Collect drainage.
Preferably, single filter bolting silk carriage material be stainless steel, a diameter of 20~30cm, by 4 steel pipes with
Cascade filtration bolting silk carriage is connected；Cascade filtration bolting silk carriage material be stainless steel, a diameter of 30~40cm, above with
4 steel pipes and single filter bolting silk carriage are connected, and are connected with tank below by 4 steel pipes；
Preferably, single filter bolting silk granularity be 625 mesh, material be polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) (PTFE) or polypropylene (PP),
Phytoplankton for concentrating and separating particle diameter more than 20 μm；Cascade filtration bolting silk granularity is 2500 mesh, and material is polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)
(PTFE) or polypropylene (PP), for the phytoplankton that concentrating and separating particle diameter is 5~20 μm；
Preferably, water pipe is stainless steel, volume is 1~2mL；
Preferably, bolting silk switch and retaining switch are copper material；
Preferably, one-level sample bottle with a scale is glass material, volume is 5~10mL, for loading particle diameter more than 20 μ
The phytoplankton of m；Two grades of sample bottles with a scale are glass material, and volume is 5~10mL, for loading particle size for 5~20 μ
The phytoplankton of m；
Preferably, tank is stainless steel, a diameter of 30~40cm is highly 10~15cm, is passed through for preserving
Cross the drainage of cascade filtration silk cover filtering；
The inventive method specifically includes following steps：
(1) single filter unit, the bolting silk switch of cascade filtration unit and retaining switch are turned off, and water sample passes through one-level mistake
During filter unit, particle diameter is isolated by the phytoplankton more than 20 μm by single filter bolting silk, and the water sample after single filter enters back into two
Level filter element；When water sample passes through cascade filtration unit, particle diameter is that 5~20 μm of phytoplankton is separated by cascade filtration bolting silk
Go out, the water sample after cascade filtration enters back into tank；
(2) single filter unit bolting silk switch is opened and retaining switch is closed, and one-level is washed using the drainage in tank
The phytoplankton adhered on filtering bolting silk, wherein washing process overwhelming majority drainage can be by passing through two again after single filter bolting silk
Level filtering bolting silk, and be eventually returned in tank, remaining fraction drainage carries phytoplankton and is collected in single filter unit
In water pipe；When wash solution is expired soon in the water pipe of single filter unit, the retaining switch of single filter unit is opened, made
After wash solution flows into one-level sample bottle with a scale, retaining switch is turned off, repeat above-mentioned washing process 2~5 times, washing is finished
Afterwards, one-level sample bottle with a scale is removed, wash solution volume is read, (final concentration of 5%), covers tightly sample to add formalin fix
Product lid, fills out label, takes back lab analysis；
(3) cascade filtration unit bolting silk switch is opened and retaining switch is closed, and two grades are washed using the drainage in tank
The phytoplankton adhered on filtering bolting silk, wherein washing process overwhelming majority drainage by cascade filtration bolting silk, and can finally return
To in tank, remaining fraction carries phytoplankton and is collected in the water pipe of cascade filtration unit；When washing in water pipe
When solution is expired soon, retaining switch is opened, after wash solution is flowed into two grades of sample bottles with a scale, turn off retaining switch, repetition
Above-mentioned washing process 2~5 times, after washing is finished, removes two grades of sample bottles with a scale, reads wash solution volume, adds Fu Er
Malin fixes that (final concentration of 5%), covers tightly sample lid, fills out label, takes back lab analysis.
Additionally, according to demand, can also increase phytoplankton filtering bolting silk number, to realize the floating of 2 class above specification sizes
Plant separates for trip, while the granularity for filtering bolting silk is customized also dependent on needs, the content not limited to this of present invention protection.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows：
A kind of phytoplankton scene separation and concentration method proposed by the present invention, the method is simple, quick, portable, without making
With the external world such as vavuum pump power assistive device, target phytoplankton is relatively stable during transport and preservation, and the device for using is each
Part-structure is dismantled and assembled, easy cleaning, both can be combined and has used, and also can be used alone, and can be selected according to using flexible function, is concentrated
Phytoplankton be separated into two kinds of specification scopes, to meet different qualification requirements.Phytoplankton scene is fast in water sample
During speed concentration, it is adaptable to which conventional-volume water sample is enriched with (0.5~2L), it can also be used to which water sample with bulk mass is enriched with (10~20L).Enrichment
After the completion of, sample volume is small, can easily preserve hundreds of samples, the scene separation of phytoplankton when being particularly suitable for needing big face to investigate
Concentration, and after sample takes back laboratory, microscope can be used directly carries out phytoplankton identification.
Compared with prior art, may be stirred down present invention, avoiding when slowly drawing supernatant liquor using siphon method
Layer sediment, the situation for being siphoned off phytoplankton occurs, and greatly reduces and separates what may be brought during phytoplankton
Error, while without using the external world such as vavuum pump power assistive device, just can realize that scene separates concentration, to the identification work of phytoplankton
Bring great convenience.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of a kind of structural representation of embodiment of phytoplankton scene separation concentration device of the present invention；
In figure：1st, single filter bolting silk carriage；2nd, single filter bolting silk；3rd, steel pipe support；4th, bolting silk switch；5th, retaining
Pipe；6th, retaining switch；7th, clip；8th, one-level sample bottle with a scale；9th, cascade filtration bolting silk carriage；10th, cascade filtration bolting silk；
11st, two grades of sample bottles with a scale；12nd, steel pipe support；13rd, tank；14th, outlet pipe；15th, effluent switch.
Specific embodiment
With reference to specific embodiment, the present invention is described further, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited in
This：
Embodiment 1.
A kind of embodiment of a kind of phytoplankton scene separation concentration device of the present invention, as shown in figure 1, for certain sea
Domain or lake phytoplankton Investigation.
First in selected sampled point, phytoplankton scene separation concentration device is connected according to Fig. 1, including successively by one
Level filtering bolting silk 2 and cascade filtration bolting silk 10 are respectively placed in single filter bolting silk carriage 1 and cascade filtration bolting silk carriage 9
On；One-level sample bottle 8 with a scale and two grades of sample bottles with a scale 11 are connected by clip 7 with water pipe 5 respectively.
The single filter bolting silk carriage 1, material is stainless steel, a diameter of 20~30cm, by 4 steel pipes and two grades
Filtering bolting silk carriage 9 is connected；Described single filter bolting silk 2, granularity be 625 mesh, material be polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) (PTFE) or
Polypropylene (PP), the phytoplankton for concentrating and separating particle diameter more than 20 μm；The cascade filtration bolting silk carriage 9, material is
Stainless steel, a diameter of 30~40cm is connected, below by 4 steel above with 4 steel pipes and single filter bolting silk carriage 1
Pipe is connected with tank 13；Described cascade filtration bolting silk 10, granularity is 2500 mesh, and material is polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) (PTFE) or poly-
Propylene (PP), for the phytoplankton that concentrating and separating particle size is 5~20 μm；Described water pipe is stainless steel, is held
Product is 1~2mL；Described one-level sample bottle with a scale, volume is 5~10mL, glass material, for loading particle diameter more than 20 μm
Phytoplankton；Two grades of described sample bottles with a scale, volume is 5~10mL, and glass material is 5 for loading particle size
~20 μm of phytoplankton.
Single filter bolting silk 2, conventional-volume (0.5~2L) or large volume (10~20L) water sample flow through single filter bolting silk 2
Single filter is completed, the bottom of single filter bolting silk 2 is connected with water pipe 5, and the upper and lower side of water pipe 5 is respectively equipped with bolting silk switch 4 and stores
Taps 6, when water sample passes through single filter bolting silk 2, bolting silk switch 5 and retaining switch 6 are turned off, and the exit of water pipe 5 leads to
Cross clip 7 and be connected with one-level sample bottle 8 with a scale, isolate phytoplankton of the particle diameter more than 20 μm, water sample enters back into cascade filtration
Bolting silk 10；Described bolting silk switch and retaining switch is copper material.
By the phytoplankton that single filter bolting silk 2 is isolated, the drainage filtered by cascade filtration bolting silk 10 can be used
Washing, during washing, opens bolting silk switch 4, and retaining switch 6 washs attached on single filter bolting silk 2 still in closed mode with drainage
The phytoplankton for, wherein the washing process overwhelming majority drainages can by after single filter bolting silk again by cascade filtration bolting silk,
And be eventually returned in tank, remaining fraction drainage carries phytoplankton and is collected in water pipe 5, when washing in water pipe 5
When solution is expired soon, retaining switch 6 is opened, after wash solution is flowed into one-level sample bottle 8 with a scale, turn off retaining switch 6, it is heavy
Multiple above-mentioned washing process 2~5 times, after washing is finished, removes one-level sample bottle 8 with a scale, reads wash solution volume, adds good fortune
Your Malin fixes that (final concentration of 5%), covers tightly sample lid, fills out label, takes back lab analysis.
Cascade filtration bolting silk carriage 9, for supporting cascade filtration bolting silk 10, the water sample through single filter bolting silk 2 is direct
Import cascade filtration bolting silk 10.
Cascade filtration bolting silk 10, water sample flows through cascade filtration bolting silk 10 and completes cascade filtration, the bottom of cascade filtration bolting silk 10
Also water pipe 5 is connected with, the upper and lower side of water pipe 5 is respectively equipped with bolting silk switch 4 and retaining switch 6, is sieved by cascade filtration in water sample
During thin,tough silk 10, bolting silk switch 4 and retaining switch 6 are turned off, and the exit of water pipe 5 is connected with two grades of sample bottles with a scale by clip 7
11, the phytoplankton that particle diameter is 5~20 μm is isolated, water sample enters back into tank 13；Described tank 13 is stainless steel
Matter, a diameter of 30~40cm is highly 10~15cm, for preserving the drainage filtered by cascade filtration bolting silk 10.
By the phytoplankton that cascade filtration bolting silk 10 is isolated, the drainage filtered by cascade filtration bolting silk 10 can be used
Washing, during washing, opens bolting silk switch 4, and retaining switch 6 is washed on cascade filtration bolting silk 10 still in closed mode with drainage
The phytoplankton of attachment, wherein washing process overwhelming majority drainage by cascade filtration bolting silk, and can be eventually returned in tank,
Remaining fraction carries phytoplankton and is collected in water pipe 5, when wash solution is expired soon in water pipe 5, opens retaining switch
4, after wash solution is flowed into two grades of sample bottles with a scale 11, retaining switch 6 is turned off, repeat above-mentioned washing process 2~5 times,
After washing is finished, two grades of sample bottles with a scale 11 are removed, read wash solution volume, add formalin fix (final concentration of
5%) sample lid, is covered tightly, label is filled out, lab analysis is taken back.
The bottom of tank 13 is connected with outlet pipe 14, there is effluent switch 15 on outlet pipe 14, opens effluent switch 15, just can abandon
Remove or collect drainage.
Embodiment 2.
A kind of embodiment of a kind of phytoplankton scene separation concentration device of the present invention, as shown in figure 1, near for certain
Bank phytoplankton in waters is investigated.
First in selected sampled point, phytoplankton scene separation concentration device is connected according to Fig. 1, including successively by one
Level filtering bolting silk 2 and cascade filtration bolting silk 10 are respectively placed in single filter bolting silk carriage 1 and cascade filtration bolting silk carriage 9
On；One-level sample bottle 8 with a scale and two grades of sample bottles with a scale 11 are connected by clip 7 with water pipe 5 respectively.The one-level
Filtering bolting silk carriage 1, material is stainless steel, a diameter of 20cm, is connected with cascade filtration bolting silk carriage 9 by 4 steel pipes；
Described single filter bolting silk 2, granularity is 625 mesh, and material is polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) (PTFE), and 20 are more than for concentrating and separating particle diameter
μm phytoplankton；The cascade filtration bolting silk carriage 9, material is stainless steel, a diameter of 30cm, above with 4 steel pipes
Connected with single filter bolting silk carriage 1, be connected with tank 13 below by 4 steel pipes；Described cascade filtration bolting silk 10,
Granularity is 2500 mesh, and material is polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) (PTFE), for the phytoplankton that concentrating and separating particle size is 5~20 μm；
Described water pipe is stainless steel, and volume is 1mL；Described one-level sample bottle with a scale, volume is 5mL, glass material,
For loading phytoplankton of the particle diameter more than 20 μm；Two grades of described sample bottles with a scale, volume is 5mL, and glass material is used for
Load the phytoplankton that particle size is 5~20 μm.
Single filter bolting silk 2,2L water samples flow through single filter bolting silk 2 and complete single filter, and the bottom of single filter bolting silk 2 connects
There is water pipe 5, the upper and lower side of water pipe 5 is respectively equipped with bolting silk switch 4 and retaining switch 6, single filter bolting silk 2 is passed through in water sample
When, bolting silk switch 5 and retaining switch 6 are turned off, and the exit of water pipe 5 is connected with one-level sample bottle 8 with a scale by clip 7, point
Phytoplankton of the particle diameter more than 20 μm is separated out, water sample enters back into cascade filtration bolting silk 10；Described bolting silk switch and retaining switch
It is copper material.
By the phytoplankton that single filter bolting silk 2 is isolated, the drainage filtered by cascade filtration bolting silk 10 can be used
Washing, during washing, opens bolting silk switch 4, and retaining switch 6 washs attached on single filter bolting silk 2 still in closed mode with drainage
The phytoplankton for, wherein the washing process overwhelming majority drainages can by after single filter bolting silk again by cascade filtration bolting silk,
And be eventually returned in tank, remaining fraction drainage carries phytoplankton and is collected in water pipe 5, when washing in water pipe 5
When solution is expired soon, retaining switch 6 is opened, after wash solution is flowed into one-level sample bottle 8 with a scale, turn off retaining switch 6, it is heavy
Multiple above-mentioned washing process 3 times, after washing is finished, removes one-level sample bottle 8 with a scale, reads wash solution volume, adds Fu Er
Malin fixes that (final concentration of 5%), covers tightly sample lid, fills out label, takes back lab analysis.After taking back laboratory, through micro-
Mirror is analyzed, shown in phytoplankton qualification result such as table 1 (A).
Cascade filtration bolting silk carriage 9, for supporting cascade filtration bolting silk 10, the water sample through single filter bolting silk 2 is direct
Import cascade filtration bolting silk 10.
Cascade filtration bolting silk 10, water sample flows through cascade filtration bolting silk 10 and completes cascade filtration, the bottom of cascade filtration bolting silk 10
Also water pipe 5 is connected with, the upper and lower side of water pipe 5 is respectively equipped with bolting silk switch 4 and retaining switch 6, is sieved by cascade filtration in water sample
During thin,tough silk 10, bolting silk switch 4 and retaining are opened 6 passes and are turned off, and the exit of water pipe 5 is connected with two grades of sample bottles with a scale by clip 7
11, the phytoplankton that particle diameter is 5~20 μm is isolated, water sample enters back into tank 13；Described tank 13 is stainless steel
Matter, a diameter of 30cm is highly 10cm, for preserving the drainage filtered by cascade filtration bolting silk 10.
By the phytoplankton that cascade filtration bolting silk 10 is isolated, the drainage filtered by cascade filtration bolting silk 10 can be used
Washing, during washing, opens bolting silk switch 4, and retaining switch 6 is washed on cascade filtration bolting silk 10 still in closed mode with drainage
The phytoplankton of attachment, wherein washing process overwhelming majority drainage by cascade filtration bolting silk, and can be eventually returned in tank,
Remaining fraction carries phytoplankton and is collected in water pipe 5, when wash solution is expired soon in water pipe 5, opens retaining switch
4, after wash solution is flowed into two grades of sample bottles with a scale 11, retaining switch 6 is turned off, repeat above-mentioned washing process 3 times, washing
After finishing, remove two grades of sample bottles with a scale 11, read wash solution volume, add formalin fix (final concentration of 5%),
Sample lid is covered tightly, label is filled out, lab analysis is taken back.After taking back laboratory, through microscopic analysis, phytoplankton qualification result
As shown in table 2 (A).
The bottom of tank 13 is connected with outlet pipe 14, there is effluent switch 15 on outlet pipe 14, opens effluent switch 15, just can abandon
Remove or collect drainage.
Embodiment 3.
A kind of embodiment of a kind of phytoplankton scene separation concentration device of the present invention, as shown in figure 1, being used for certain lake
Pool phytoplankton Investigation.
First in selected sampled point, phytoplankton scene separation concentration device is connected according to Fig. 1, including successively by one
Level filtering bolting silk 2 and cascade filtration bolting silk 10 are respectively placed in single filter bolting silk carriage 1 and cascade filtration bolting silk carriage 9
On；One-level sample bottle 8 with a scale and two grades of sample bottles with a scale 11 are connected by clip 7 with water pipe 5 respectively.The one-level
Filtering bolting silk carriage 1, material is stainless steel, a diameter of 20cm, is connected with cascade filtration bolting silk carriage 9 by 4 steel pipes；
Described single filter bolting silk 2, granularity is 625 mesh, and material is polypropylene (PP), floating more than 20 μm for concentrating and separating particle diameter
Trip plant；The cascade filtration bolting silk carriage 9, material is stainless steel, a diameter of 30cm, above with 4 steel pipes and one-level
Filtering bolting silk carriage 1 is connected, and is connected with tank 13 below by 4 steel pipes；Described cascade filtration bolting silk 10, granularity is
2500 mesh, material is polypropylene (PP), for the phytoplankton that concentrating and separating particle size is 5~20 μm；Described water pipe
It is stainless steel, volume is 1mL；Described one-level sample bottle with a scale, volume is 5mL, glass material, for loading particle diameter
Phytoplankton more than 20 μm；Two grades of described sample bottles with a scale, volume is 5mL, glass material, for loading particle size
It is 5~20 μm of phytoplankton.
Single filter bolting silk 2,500mL water samples flow through single filter bolting silk 2 and complete single filter, the bottom of single filter bolting silk 2
Portion is connected with water pipe 5, and the upper and lower side of water pipe 5 is respectively equipped with bolting silk switch 4 and retaining switch 6, is sieved by single filter in water sample
During thin,tough silk 2, bolting silk switch 5 and retaining switch 6 are turned off, and the exit of water pipe 5 is connected with one-level sample bottle 8 with a scale by clip 7,
Phytoplankton of the particle diameter more than 20 μm is isolated, water sample enters back into cascade filtration bolting silk 10；Described bolting silk switch and retaining are opened
Pass is copper material.
By the phytoplankton that single filter bolting silk 2 is isolated, the drainage filtered by cascade filtration bolting silk 10 can be used
Washing, during washing, opens bolting silk switch 4, and retaining switch 6 washs attached on single filter bolting silk 2 still in closed mode with drainage
The phytoplankton for, wherein the washing process overwhelming majority drainages can by after single filter bolting silk again by cascade filtration bolting silk,
And be eventually returned in tank, remaining fraction drainage carries phytoplankton and is collected in water pipe 5, when washing in water pipe 5
When solution is expired soon, retaining switch 6 is opened, after wash solution is flowed into one-level sample bottle 8 with a scale, turn off retaining switch 6, it is heavy
Multiple above-mentioned washing process 3 times, after washing is finished, removes one-level sample bottle 8 with a scale, reads wash solution volume, adds Fu Er
Malin fixes that (final concentration of 5%), covers tightly sample lid, fills out label, takes back lab analysis.After taking back laboratory, through micro-
Mirror is analyzed, shown in phytoplankton qualification result such as table 1 (B).
Cascade filtration bolting silk carriage 9, for supporting cascade filtration bolting silk 10, the water sample through single filter bolting silk 2 is direct
Import cascade filtration bolting silk 10.
Cascade filtration bolting silk 10, water sample flows through cascade filtration bolting silk 10 and completes cascade filtration, the bottom of cascade filtration bolting silk 10
Also water pipe 5 is connected with, the upper and lower side of water pipe 5 is respectively equipped with bolting silk switch 4 and retaining switch 6, is sieved by cascade filtration in water sample
During thin,tough silk 10, bolting silk switch 4 and retaining are opened 6 passes and are turned off, and the exit of water pipe 5 is connected with two grades of sample bottles with a scale by clip 7
11, the phytoplankton that particle diameter is 5~20 μm is isolated, water sample enters back into tank 13；Described tank 13 is stainless steel
Matter, a diameter of 30cm is highly 10cm, for preserving the drainage filtered by cascade filtration bolting silk 10.
By the phytoplankton that cascade filtration bolting silk 10 is isolated, the drainage filtered by cascade filtration bolting silk 10 can be used
Washing, during washing, opens bolting silk switch 4, and retaining switch 6 is washed on cascade filtration bolting silk 10 still in closed mode with drainage
The phytoplankton of attachment, wherein washing process overwhelming majority drainage by cascade filtration bolting silk, and can be eventually returned in tank,
Remaining fraction carries phytoplankton and is collected in water pipe 5, when wash solution is expired soon in water pipe 5, opens retaining switch
4, after wash solution is flowed into two grades of sample bottles with a scale 11, retaining switch 6 is turned off, repeat above-mentioned washing process 2 times, washing
After finishing, remove two grades of sample bottles with a scale 11, read wash solution volume, add formalin fix (final concentration of 5%),
Sample lid is covered tightly, label is filled out, lab analysis is taken back.After taking back laboratory, through microscopic analysis, phytoplankton qualification result
As shown in table 2 (B).
The bottom of tank 13 is connected with outlet pipe 14, there is effluent switch 15 on outlet pipe 14, opens effluent switch 15, just can abandon
Remove or collect drainage.
Embodiment 4.
A kind of embodiment of a kind of phytoplankton scene separation concentration device of the present invention, as shown in figure 1, remote for certain
Bank phytoplankton in waters is investigated.
First in selected sampled point, phytoplankton scene separation concentration device is connected according to Fig. 1, including successively by one
Level filtering bolting silk 2 and cascade filtration bolting silk 10 are respectively placed in single filter bolting silk carriage 1 and cascade filtration bolting silk carriage 9
On；One-level sample bottle 8 with a scale and two grades of sample bottles with a scale 11 are connected by clip 7 with water pipe 5 respectively.The one-level
Filtering bolting silk carriage 1, material is stainless steel, a diameter of 30cm, is connected with cascade filtration bolting silk carriage 9 by 4 steel pipes；
Described single filter bolting silk 2, granularity is 625 mesh, and material is polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) (PTFE), and 20 are more than for concentrating and separating particle diameter
μm phytoplankton；The cascade filtration bolting silk carriage 9, material is stainless steel, a diameter of 40cm, above with 4 steel pipes
Connected with single filter bolting silk carriage 1, be connected with tank 13 below by 4 steel pipes；Described cascade filtration bolting silk 10,
Granularity is 2500 mesh, and material is polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) (PTFE), for the phytoplankton that concentrating and separating particle size is 5~20 μm；
Described water pipe is stainless steel, and volume is 2mL；Described one-level sample bottle with a scale, volume is 10mL, glass material
Matter, for loading phytoplankton of the particle diameter more than 20 μm；Two grades of described sample bottles with a scale, volume is 10mL, glass material,
For loading the phytoplankton that particle size is 5~20 μm.
Single filter bolting silk 2,20L water samples flow through single filter bolting silk 2 and complete single filter, the bottom of single filter bolting silk 2
Water pipe 5 is connected with, the upper and lower side of water pipe 5 is respectively equipped with bolting silk switch 4 and retaining switch 6, single filter bolting silk 2 is passed through in water sample
When, bolting silk switch 5 and retaining switch 6 are turned off, and the exit of water pipe 5 is connected with one-level sample bottle 8 with a scale by clip 7, point
Phytoplankton of the particle diameter more than 20 μm is separated out, water sample enters back into cascade filtration bolting silk 10；Described bolting silk switch and retaining switch
It is copper material.
By the phytoplankton that single filter bolting silk 2 is isolated, the drainage filtered by cascade filtration bolting silk 10 can be used
Washing, during washing, opens bolting silk switch 4, and retaining switch 6 washs attached on single filter bolting silk 2 still in closed mode with drainage
The phytoplankton for, wherein the washing process overwhelming majority drainages can by after single filter bolting silk again by cascade filtration bolting silk,
And be eventually returned in tank, remaining fraction drainage carries phytoplankton and is collected in water pipe 5, when washing in water pipe 5
When solution is expired soon, retaining switch 6 is opened, after wash solution is flowed into one-level sample bottle 8 with a scale, turn off retaining switch 6, it is heavy
Multiple above-mentioned washing process 3 times, after washing is finished, removes one-level sample bottle 8 with a scale, reads wash solution volume, adds Fu Er
Malin fixes that (final concentration of 5%), covers tightly sample lid, fills out label, takes back lab analysis.After taking back laboratory, through micro-
Mirror is analyzed, shown in phytoplankton qualification result such as table 1 (C).
Cascade filtration bolting silk carriage 9, for supporting cascade filtration bolting silk 10, the water sample through single filter bolting silk 2 is direct
Import cascade filtration bolting silk 10.
Cascade filtration bolting silk 10, water sample flows through cascade filtration bolting silk 10 and completes cascade filtration, the bottom of cascade filtration bolting silk 10
Also water pipe 5 is connected with, the upper and lower side of water pipe 5 is respectively equipped with bolting silk switch 4 and retaining switch 6, is sieved by cascade filtration in water sample
During thin,tough silk 10, bolting silk switch 4 and retaining are opened 6 passes and are turned off, and the exit of water pipe 5 is connected with two grades of sample bottles with a scale by clip 7
11, the phytoplankton that particle diameter is 5~20 μm is isolated, water sample enters back into tank 13；Described tank 13 is stainless steel
Matter, a diameter of 40cm is highly 15cm, for preserving the drainage filtered by cascade filtration bolting silk 10.
By the phytoplankton that cascade filtration bolting silk 10 is isolated, the drainage filtered by cascade filtration bolting silk 10 can be used
Washing, during washing, opens bolting silk switch 4, and retaining switch 6 is washed on cascade filtration bolting silk 10 still in closed mode with drainage
The phytoplankton of attachment, wherein washing process overwhelming majority drainage by cascade filtration bolting silk, and can be eventually returned in tank,
Remaining fraction carries phytoplankton and is collected in water pipe 5, when wash solution is expired soon in water pipe 5, opens retaining switch
4, after wash solution is flowed into two grades of sample bottles with a scale 11, retaining switch 6 is turned off, repeat above-mentioned washing process 2 times, washing
After finishing, remove two grades of sample bottles with a scale 11, read wash solution volume, add formalin fix (final concentration of 5%),
Sample lid is covered tightly, label is filled out, lab analysis is taken back.After taking back laboratory, through microscopic analysis, phytoplankton qualification result
As shown in table 2 (C).
The bottom of tank 13 is connected with outlet pipe 14, there is effluent switch 15 on outlet pipe 14, opens effluent switch 15, just can abandon
Remove or collect drainage.
Phytoplankton is through single filter unit in table 1 (A) certain immediate offshore area, (B) certain lake, (C) certain remote bank marine site water sample
Separate the qualification result after concentration
Phytoplankton is through cascade filtration unit in table 2 (A) certain immediate offshore area, (B) certain lake, (C) certain remote bank marine site water sample
Separate the qualification result after concentration
Above-described embodiment is not that, for limitation of the invention, the present invention is not limited only to above-described embodiment, as long as meeting
Application claims, belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of phytoplankton scene separation and concentration method, the method is based on following device, including single filter unit, two grades of mistakes
Filter unit, tank；Drainage after the filtering of single filter unit can entirely fall in cascade filtration unit, the filtering of cascade filtration unit
Drainage afterwards can entirely fall in tank；
Described single filter unit includes single filter bolting silk carriage, single filter bolting silk, one being attached on carriage
Level sample bottle；The bottom of single filter bolting silk is connected with water pipe, and water pipe upper and lower side is respectively equipped with bolting silk switch and retaining switch,
Water pipe exit is connected with one-level sample bottle；
Described cascade filtration unit includes cascade filtration bolting silk carriage, cascade filtration bolting silk, two being attached on carriage
Level sample bottle；Cascade filtration bolting silk bottom is equally connected with water pipe, and water pipe upper and lower side is equally respectively equipped with bolting silk switch and stores
Taps, water pipe exit is connected with secondary sample bottle；
Described tank bottom is connected with outlet pipe, and outlet pipe is provided with effluent switch；
It is characterized in that the method is specific as follows：
Single filter unit, the bolting silk switch of cascade filtration unit and retaining switch are turned off, and water sample passes through single filter unit
When, the larger phytoplankton of particle diameter is attached to and single filter is completed on single filter bolting silk, and the water sample after single filter is entered back into
Cascade filtration unit；When water sample passes through cascade filtration unit, the less phytoplankton of particle diameter is attached to complete on cascade filtration bolting silk
Into cascade filtration, the water sample after cascade filtration enters back into tank；
Single filter unit bolting silk switch is opened and retaining switch is closed, and single filter bolting silk is washed using the drainage in tank
The phytoplankton of upper attachment, wherein the washing process overwhelming majority drainage can be by being sieved by cascade filtration again after single filter bolting silk
Thin,tough silk, and be eventually returned in tank, remaining fraction drainage carries phytoplankton and is collected in the water pipe of single filter unit；
Repeat above-mentioned washing process multiple so that phytoplankton fully enters the water pipe of single filter unit, open retaining switch, make
After wash solution flows into one-level sample bottle, retaining switch is turned off；
Cascade filtration unit bolting silk switch is opened and retaining switch is closed, and cascade filtration bolting silk is washed using the drainage in tank
The phytoplankton of upper attachment, wherein washing process overwhelming majority drainage by cascade filtration bolting silk, and can be eventually returned to tank
In, remaining fraction carries phytoplankton and is collected in the water pipe of cascade filtration unit；Repeat above-mentioned washing process repeatedly, make
The water pipe that phytoplankton fully enters cascade filtration unit is obtained, retaining switch is opened, wash solution is flowed into secondary sample bottle
Afterwards, retaining switch is turned off.
2. a kind of phytoplankton scene separation and concentration method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that single filter bolting silk branch
Support frame material is stainless steel, and a diameter of 20~30cm is detachably connected by many steel pipes with cascade filtration bolting silk carriage.
3. a kind of phytoplankton scene separation and concentration method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that cascade filtration bolting silk branch
Support frame material is stainless steel, and a diameter of 30~40cm detachably connects above with many steel pipes and single filter bolting silk carriage
Connect, be detachably connected with tank below by many steel pipes.
4. a kind of phytoplankton scene separation and concentration method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that single filter bolting silk and
The material of cascade filtration bolting silk is polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) (PTFE) or polypropylene (PP).
5. a kind of phytoplankton scene separation and concentration method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that single filter bolting silk is used
In phytoplankton of the particle separation diameter more than 20 μm.
6. a kind of phytoplankton scene separation and concentration method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that cascade filtration bolting silk is used
In the phytoplankton that particle separation diameter is 5~20 μm.
7. a kind of phytoplankton scene separation and concentration method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that water pipe is stainless steel
Material, volume is 1~2mL.
8. a kind of phytoplankton scene separation and concentration method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that bolting silk is switched and retaining
Switch is copper material.
9. a kind of phytoplankton scene separation and concentration method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that one-level sample bottle and two
Level sample bottle is glass material, and with a scale, and volume is 5~10mL, can directly according to the wash solution volume of reading, plus
Enter formalin fix (final concentration of 5%), for loading the phytoplankton after concentration.
10. a kind of phytoplankton scene separation and concentration method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that tank is stainless steel
Material, a diameter of 30~40cm is highly 10~15cm, for preserving the drainage by cascade filtration silk cover filtering.
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| CN108254286A (en) * | 2017-12-12 | 2018-07-06 | 浙江海洋大学 | A kind of zooplankter sample biomass estimation method |
| CN109810873A (en) * | 2019-02-20 | 2019-05-28 | 暨南大学 | A kind of different-grain diameter study on planktonic dinoflagellates separator |
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| CN112619242A (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2021-04-09 | 浙江省海洋水产研究所 | Quick filter enrichment facility of ocean phytoplankton |
| CN112945691A (en) * | 2021-02-04 | 2021-06-11 | 山东省海洋资源与环境研究院(山东省海洋环境监测中心、山东省水产品质量检验中心) | Zooplankton sample washing unit |
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