CN106768871A - Method based on photoswitch laser beat frequency systematic survey fibre-optical dispersion - Google Patents
Method based on photoswitch laser beat frequency systematic survey fibre-optical dispersion Download PDFInfo
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- CN106768871A CN106768871A CN201610997584.3A CN201610997584A CN106768871A CN 106768871 A CN106768871 A CN 106768871A CN 201610997584 A CN201610997584 A CN 201610997584A CN 106768871 A CN106768871 A CN 106768871A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M11/00—Testing of optical apparatus; Testing structures by optical methods not otherwise provided for
- G01M11/30—Testing of optical devices, constituted by fibre optics or optical waveguides
- G01M11/31—Testing of optical devices, constituted by fibre optics or optical waveguides with a light emitter and a light receiver being disposed at the same side of a fibre or waveguide end-face, e.g. reflectometers
- G01M11/3172—Reflectometers detecting the back-scattered light in the frequency-domain, e.g. OFDR, FMCW, heterodyne detection
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method based on photoswitch laser beat frequency systematic survey fibre-optical dispersion, the different fiber grating of centre wavelength is selected by adjusting photoswitch, realize the change of beat frequency rate in laserresonator, measure the change that laser beat frequency before and after testing fiber is added in light path respectively using spectrum analyzer, the variable quantity of laser beat frequency before and after testing fiber will be added to set up it with the dispersion measure of corresponding testing fiber and contact in light path, so that the measurement of testing fiber dispersion measure under different wave length is converted into the measurement of laser beat frequency frequency change, the measurement to testing fiber dispersion is realized by data processing.The present invention measures fibre-optical dispersion using many longitudinal-mode beat frequencies signals, therefore do not influenceed by system loss and light source fluctuation, it is successfully realized the measurement to testing fiber dispersion, not only stability preferably, simple in measurement system structure and with low cost, and optical signal measurement is converted into electric signal measurement, conveniently carry out data processing.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the field of measuring technique of fibre-optical dispersion, and in particular to a kind of to be surveyed based on photoswitch laser beat frequency system
The method for measuring fibre-optical dispersion.
Background technology
The chromatic dispersion problem of optical fiber telecommunications system is always focus of concern, with constantly carrying for system transfer rate
Height, the intersymbol interference caused by various types of dispersion turns into one of key constraints of optical communication system capacity, people
Many technological means are taken to compensate dispersion.And a certain amount of dispersion is needed for dwdm system, it is non-linear to reduce
Four-wave mixing caused by effect.Therefore system should be measured to various dispersions before being taken into use, to be adopted needed for determining
Dispersion management scheme.
The light pulse that the essence of fibre-optical dispersion measurement measures different frequency is transmitted used by same distance in a fiber
Phase on the light pulse correspondence frequency domain of time delay or measurement different frequency.The method for measuring fibre-optical dispersion has a lot, mainly has
Three kinds, i.e. time delay method, interferometric method and phase shift method, wherein time delay method certainty of measurement are primarily limited to light impulse length, photodetection
The bandwidth and LASER Light Source and the stability of electronic device of device;Phase shift method is using relatively broad, and commercial chromatic dispersion measurement instrument is basic
Phase shift method is all used, but phase shift method measurement generally needs a highly stable tunable laser, or even also need to combine arrow
Amount Network Analyzer realizes frequency sweep, causes measurement cost to greatly increase;Interferometric method measurement is the one of people's most study in recent years
The method of kind, its certainty of measurement is high, and structure is relatively easy, can measure short fiber, is suitable for expensive special optical fiber, such as light
The chromatic dispersion measurements such as photonic crystal fiber.Above method generally existing complex structure, operation not enough convenient and measurement cost are higher to be lacked
Fall into, therefore, it is necessary to design a kind of method based on photoswitch laser beat frequency systematic survey fibre-optical dispersion.
The content of the invention
Present invention solves the technical problem that there is provided a kind of based on photoswitch laser beat frequency systematic survey fibre-optical dispersion
Method, the method uses optical fiber laser structure, and testing fiber is placed in laserresonator, using many longitudinal-mode beat frequencies signals come
Measurement fibre-optical dispersion, therefore do not influenceed by system loss and light source fluctuation, the measurement to testing fiber dispersion is successfully realized, no
Only stability preferably, simple in measurement system structure and with low cost, and optical signal measurement is converted into electric signal measurement, facilitate
Carry out data processing.
The present invention is adopted the following technical scheme that to solve above-mentioned technical problem, based on photoswitch laser beat frequency systematic survey light
The method of fine dispersion, it is characterised in that measuring system is mainly by fiber loop mirror, the first coupler, saturated absorbing body, wavelength-division multiplex
Device, the second coupler, 980 pump light sources, Er-doped fiber, photodetector, spectrum analyzer, testing fiber, photoswitch and many
Group fiber grating is constituted, wherein multigroup fiber grating constitutes laserresonator with fiber loop mirror, 980 pump light sources send wavelength and are
980nm pump lights, the 980nm pump lights enter in laserresonator through wavelength division multiplexer, due to Er-doped fiber gain effect, light
Ripple vibrates amplification in laserresonator, ultimately forms laser output, one end of wavelength division multiplexer by optical fiber successively with saturation
Absorber, the first coupler are connected with light wire loop mirror, the other end of wavelength division multiplexer by optical fiber successively with the second coupler, mix
Erbium optical fiber, testing fiber, photoswitch and multigroup fiber grating are connected, another light branch road of the second coupler successively with photoelectricity
Detector is connected with spectrum analyzer;The specific measurement process of the measuring system is:980nm pump lights are by wavelength division multiplexer
Afterwards, enter the light continuation that fiber loop mirror reflect via fiber loop mirror by saturated absorbing body to propagate in the optical path, pass sequentially through the
Two couplers, Er-doped fiber and testing fiber, then by photoswitch control fiber grating reflect after return, fiber loop mirror with it is many
Group fiber grating constitutes fiber reflection hysteroscope, and the different fiber grating of centre wavelength is selected by adjusting photoswitch, realizes laser
The change of beat frequency rate in resonator, is measured and laser beat frequency before and after testing fiber is added in light path respectively using spectrum analyzer
Change, will add variable quantity and the dispersion measure of corresponding testing fiber of laser beat frequency before and after testing fiber to set up its connection in light path
System, so that the measurement of testing fiber dispersion measure under different wave length is converted into the measurement of laser beat frequency frequency change, by number
The measurement to testing fiber dispersion is realized according to treatment.
The reasonable disposition stabilization beat signal that the present invention passes through light path, measuring system is made with one section of Er-doped fiber of non-pumping
It is saturated absorbing body, light wave vibrates in laserresonator, when by saturated absorbing body, greatly reduces in laserresonator and swash
The quantity of optical mode, causes beat frequency more to be stablized.
Technological core of the invention is that the measurement of time delay is changed into the beat frequency rate for easily measuring, and this method uses light
Fibre laser structure, testing fiber is placed in resonator, and dispersion is measured using many longitudinal-mode beat frequencies signals, so not receiving system
Loss and the influence of light source fluctuation, are successfully realized the measurement to dispersion, without the expensive instrument such as Network Analyzer, i.e.,
The measurement to dispersion, good stability are capable of achieving, measuring system is not only simple in structure, with low cost and measuring speed is very fast, and
Optical signal measurement is converted into electric signal measurement, data processing is conveniently carried out.
The present invention has the advantages that compared with prior art:
1st, chromatic dispersion measurement system is simplified, therefore substantially reduces system cost;
2nd, simple in measurement system structure, be not affected by the surrounding environment, good stability;
3rd, cause that measurement process simplifies with photoswitch, convenient rapid, the direct relation using time delay in beat frequency and chamber enters
Row chromatic dispersion measurement.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is light path connection figure of the invention;
Fig. 2 is change curve of the testing fiber time delay that obtains of fitting with wavelength.
Drawing explanation:1st, fiber loop mirror, the 2, first coupler, 3, saturated absorbing body, 4, wavelength division multiplexer, the 5, second coupling
Device, 6, Er-doped fiber, 7, testing fiber, 8, photoswitch, 9, fiber grating, 10, photodetector, 11, spectrum analyzer, 12,
980 pump light sources.
Specific embodiment
The above of the invention is described in further details by the following examples, but this should not be interpreted as this
The scope for inventing above-mentioned theme is only limitted to following embodiment, and all technologies realized based on the above of the present invention belong to this hair
Bright scope.
As shown in figure 1, the method based on photoswitch laser beat frequency systematic survey fibre-optical dispersion, measuring system is mainly by optical fiber
Ring mirror 1, the first coupler 2, saturated absorbing body 3, wavelength division multiplexer 4, the second coupler 5,980 pump light sources 12, Er-doped fiber
6th, photodetector 10, spectrum analyzer 11, testing fiber 7, photoswitch 8 and multigroup fiber grating 9 are constituted, wherein multigroup optical fiber
Grating 9 constitutes laserresonator with fiber loop mirror, and 980 pump light sources 12 send wavelength for 980nm pump lights, the 980nm pumpings
Light enters in laserresonator through wavelength division multiplexer 4, and due to the gain effect of Er-doped fiber 6, light wave vibrates in laserresonator
Amplify, ultimately form laser output, one end of wavelength division multiplexer 4 by optical fiber successively with saturated absorbing body 3, the first coupler 2
Be connected with light wire loop mirror 1, the other end of wavelength division multiplexer 4 by optical fiber successively with the second coupler 5, Er-doped fiber 6, treat light-metering
Fine 7, photoswitch 8 and multigroup fiber grating 9 are connected, another light branch road of the second coupler 5 successively with photodetector 10
It is connected with spectrum analyzer 11;The specific measurement process of the measuring system is:980nm pump lights are by after wavelength division multiplexer 4, passing through
Supersaturated absorber 3 continues to propagate in the optical path into fiber loop mirror 1 via the light that fiber loop mirror 1 reflects, and passes sequentially through second
Coupler 5, Er-doped fiber 6 and testing fiber 7, then returned after the fiber grating 9 that photoswitch 8 is controlled reflects, fiber loop mirror 1
Fiber reflection hysteroscope is constituted with multigroup fiber grating 9, the different fiber grating 9 of centre wavelength is selected by adjusting photoswitch 8, it is real
The change of beat frequency rate in existing laserresonator, to be measured add in light path and swash before and after testing fiber 7 respectively using spectrum analyzer
The change of light beat frequency, will add the dispersion of variable quantity and the corresponding testing fiber 7 of laser beat frequency before and after testing fiber 7 in light path
Amount sets up its contact, so that the measurement of the dispersion measure of testing fiber under different wave length 7 is converted into the change of laser beat frequency frequency
Measurement, the measurement to the dispersion of testing fiber 7 is realized by data processing.
Principle of the invention is fiber loop mirror with fiber grating as laser reflecting cavity mirror, and pump light is by wavelength-division multiplex
After device, into laserresonator, by saturated absorbing body, into fiber loop mirror, the light reflected via fiber loop mirror continues in light
Propagated in road, pass sequentially through Erbium-doped fiber amplifier, testing fiber, then returned after the fiber grating that photoswitch is controlled reflects.
Due to there is polarization and spatial hole burning in resonator, inhomogeneous broadening is formed, each optical fiber laser produces many longitudinal mode outputs, these
Each longitudinal mode in laser forms beat frequency respectively on photodetector, and beat frequency rate is:
Q is the order of longitudinal mode in formula, and c is light spread speed in a vacuum, and n is the refractive index of medium, and L is laser resonance
Chamber chamber is long.
The frequency interval that can obtain adjacent longitudinal mode by (1) formula is:
Known beat frequency rate, using formula:
Can seeking time, and then the time delay of testing fiber can be obtained.
When in optical fiber laser not plus during testing fiber, light in laser is respectively obtained by the measurement of laser beat frequency frequency
The time that ripple circulates one week is τλ1, τλ2, τλ3…τλn;After adding testing fiber, light wave circulates the time of one week in each laser
Respectively τλ1+△τλ1, τλ2+△τλ2, τλ3+△τλ3…τλn+△τλn.Time value subtracts each other resulting delay inequality △ τ twiceλ1, △ τλ2
△τλ3... △ τλnAs time delay of the testing fiber under each wavelength.Data according to measurement can obtain time delay with wavelength change
Curve map, linear fitting can obtain the functional relation of time delay and wavelength, the abbe number of testing fiber can be tried to achieve by following formula:
Wherein, L is testing fiber length, and △ τ are delay inequality of the testing fiber under adjacent wavelength, and △ λ are each laser
Wavelength interval, only consider 1st order chromatic dispersion in the case of, abbe number D be constant.
Experimental result:
8 fiber gratings and fiber loop mirror has been selected to respectively constitute 8 independent optical fiber lasers in measuring system.
8 centre wavelength of fiber grating be respectively 1541nm, 1543nm, 1545nm, 1547nm, 1549nm, 1551nm,
1553nm, 1555nm, the reflectivity of fiber grating is 60%, and three dB bandwidth is less than 0.08nm, and gain is provided with laserresonator
Er-doped fiber, length is 6m, whole laser resonance cavity length about 19m.Testing fiber used is dispersion compensating fiber, and length is
500m, its dispersive power at 1545nm is:-131.507ps/nm/km.Spectrum analyzer is safe and sound letter AT6030DM, resolution ratio
It is 2.5KHz.Not plus in the case of testing fiber, the original frequency that 8 fiber gratings are respectively connected to beat frequency during light path can be surveyed,
Increase:Experiment measurement obtains phase using the data at 48 relatively stable frequencys multiplication of beat frequency, and after data are processed and normalized
The time delay answered.Specific data are as shown in table 1:
Table 1
Dispersion compensating fiber is added between Er-doped fiber and photoswitch in systems, in selecting difference successively by photoswitch
Cardiac wave fiber grating long, measures the beat frequency rate of each operating wave strong point respectively, records corresponding beat frequency rate, further
It is calculated time delay.To improve certainty of measurement, it is test frequency, the specific data such as institute of table two to choose 1000 relatively stable frequencys multiplication
Show:
Table 2
Wavelength (nm) | Thousand frequencys multiplication (MHZ) | Time delay (ps) |
1541 | 195.118750 | 5125084.083 |
1543 | 195.137500 | 5124591.634 |
1545 | 195.187500 | 5123278.898 |
1547 | 195.141250 | 5124493.156 |
1549 | 195.183750 | 5123377.33 |
1551 | 195.183750 | 5123377.33 |
1553 | 195.231250 | 5122130.806 |
1555 | 195.332500 | 5119475.766 |
System is obtained after addition dispersion compensating fiber time delay and do not add Time Delay of Systems during dispersion compensating fiber to subtract each other institute
Obtain time delay of the delay inequality as dispersion compensating fiber under each wavelength.It is linear to be fitted the dispersion that can obtain dispersion compensating fiber
Coefficient.As shown in Fig. 2
By the actual measurement of Fig. 2 it will be seen that measurement obtain the abbe number of dispersion compensating fiber for-
130.80615ps/nmkm, linear fit coefficient correlation is 99.8%.Experimental result not only confirms the feasibility of this method,
Also the reasonability and accuracy of the system are demonstrated.If using more fiber gratings, i.e., in two neighboring fiber grating
Cardiac wave is long interval smaller, then the precision of measurement result will be improved further.
The present invention realizes beat frequency using the laser that fiber loop mirror, Er-doped fiber, photoswitch and fiber grating are constituted, and adds
One section of saturated absorbing body carries out frequency stabilization, and testing fiber is accessed between Er-doped fiber and photoswitch, and handle is controlled by photoswitch
Different fiber gratings accesses light path, and the delay volume of testing fiber changes under different operating wavelength in optical fiber laser, produces
Raw beat frequency rate also respective change.Choosing of the different fiber gratings realizations to operation wavelength is accessed by using photoswitch selection
Select, the change of correspondence beat frequency, realizes under the conditions of different wave length to the accurate measurement of testing fiber dispersion measure on observation frequency spectrograph.
Device design is simple, and mode is novel, easy to be quick, with operability it is high, practicality is good the features such as, it is expected in fibre-optical dispersion
Fields of measurement obtains practical application.
Embodiment above describes general principle of the invention, principal character and advantage, the technical staff of the industry should
Understand, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, simply original of the invention is illustrated described in above-described embodiment and specification
Reason, under the scope for not departing from the principle of the invention, various changes and modifications of the present invention are possible, and these changes and improvements each fall within
In the scope of protection of the invention.
Claims (1)
1. the method for photoswitch laser beat frequency systematic survey fibre-optical dispersion is based on, it is characterised in that measuring system is mainly by fiber optic loop
Mirror, the first coupler, saturated absorbing body, wavelength division multiplexer, the second coupler, 980 pump light sources, Er-doped fiber, photodetection
Device, spectrum analyzer, testing fiber, photoswitch and multigroup fiber grating are constituted, wherein multigroup fiber grating and fiber loop mirror structure
Into laserresonator, 980 pump light sources send wavelength for 980nm pump lights, and the 980nm pump lights enter sharp through wavelength division multiplexer
In optical cavity, due to Er-doped fiber gain effect, light wave vibrates amplification in laserresonator, ultimately forms laser output,
One end of wavelength division multiplexer is connected with saturated absorbing body, the first coupler and light wire loop mirror successively by optical fiber, wavelength division multiplexer
The other end by optical fiber successively with the second coupler, Er-doped fiber, testing fiber, photoswitch and multigroup fiber grating phase
Even, another light branch road of the second coupler is connected with photodetector and spectrum analyzer successively;The measuring system it is specific
Measurement process is:980nm pump lights are by after wavelength division multiplexer, fiber loop mirror being entered via fiber loop mirror by saturated absorbing body
The light of reflection continues to propagate in the optical path, passes sequentially through the second coupler, Er-doped fiber and testing fiber, then by photoswitch control
Returned after the fiber grating reflection of system, fiber loop mirror constitutes fiber reflection hysteroscope with multigroup fiber grating, by adjusting photoswitch
The different fiber grating of selection centre wavelength, realizes the change of beat frequency rate in laserresonator, is distinguished using spectrum analyzer
The change that laser beat frequency before and after testing fiber is added in light path is measured, the change of laser beat frequency before and after testing fiber will be added in light path
Change amount is set up it and is contacted with the dispersion measure of corresponding testing fiber, so that the measurement of testing fiber dispersion measure under different wave length
The measurement of laser beat frequency frequency change is converted into, the measurement to testing fiber dispersion is realized by data processing.
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Cited By (3)
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CN107389317A (en) * | 2017-07-25 | 2017-11-24 | 苏州润桐专利运营有限公司 | A kind of measuring system of dispersive optical fiber abbe number |
CN114295322A (en) * | 2021-12-09 | 2022-04-08 | 武汉锐科光纤激光技术股份有限公司 | Grating test system, method, device, storage medium and electronic device |
CN114739633A (en) * | 2022-03-31 | 2022-07-12 | 华中科技大学 | Device for rapidly measuring multimode optical fiber crosstalk matrix |
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CN114739633A (en) * | 2022-03-31 | 2022-07-12 | 华中科技大学 | Device for rapidly measuring multimode optical fiber crosstalk matrix |
CN114739633B (en) * | 2022-03-31 | 2023-01-06 | 华中科技大学 | Device for rapidly measuring multimode optical fiber crosstalk matrix |
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