CN106768508B - Gel capacitance type sensor and method for measuring plantar pressure and dynamic change - Google Patents
Gel capacitance type sensor and method for measuring plantar pressure and dynamic change Download PDFInfo
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- CN106768508B CN106768508B CN201611095677.3A CN201611095677A CN106768508B CN 106768508 B CN106768508 B CN 106768508B CN 201611095677 A CN201611095677 A CN 201611095677A CN 106768508 B CN106768508 B CN 106768508B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L1/00—Measuring force or stress, in general
- G01L1/14—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations in capacitance or inductance of electrical elements, e.g. by measuring variations of frequency of electrical oscillators
- G01L1/142—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations in capacitance or inductance of electrical elements, e.g. by measuring variations of frequency of electrical oscillators using capacitors
- G01L1/144—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations in capacitance or inductance of electrical elements, e.g. by measuring variations of frequency of electrical oscillators using capacitors with associated circuitry
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/103—Detecting, measuring or recording devices for testing the shape, pattern, colour, size or movement of the body or parts thereof, for diagnostic purposes
- A61B5/11—Measuring movement of the entire body or parts thereof, e.g. head or hand tremor, mobility of a limb
- A61B5/112—Gait analysis
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/22—Ergometry; Measuring muscular strength or the force of a muscular blow
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L1/00—Measuring force or stress, in general
- G01L1/14—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations in capacitance or inductance of electrical elements, e.g. by measuring variations of frequency of electrical oscillators
- G01L1/142—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations in capacitance or inductance of electrical elements, e.g. by measuring variations of frequency of electrical oscillators using capacitors
- G01L1/146—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations in capacitance or inductance of electrical elements, e.g. by measuring variations of frequency of electrical oscillators using capacitors for measuring force distributions, e.g. using force arrays
Abstract
A gel capacitance sensor and method for measuring plantar pressure and dynamic change, including insulating medium, two pieces of ionic gel array paste on the upper, lower surface of insulating medium, ionic gel-insulating medium-ionic gel form the capacitor; a layer of insulating medium is respectively stuck on the upper surface and the lower surface of the two pieces of ion gel arrays; the metal electrode is stuck to the joint of the ionic gel and the insulating medium, and the metal electrode and the ionic gel form an electron-ionic gel mixed current loop; the button battery, the control acquisition module and the Bluetooth module are integrated on the circuit board and connected with the metal electrode through a lead, and the button battery supplies power to the ionic gel; when the surface pressure of the sensor changes periodically, a measurement signal is transmitted to the Bluetooth module and then transmitted to the mobile phone, and the mobile phone program calculates to obtain the sole pressure distribution and the data changing along with time; the gel material adopted by the capacitive sensor has the advantages of softness, transparency, lightness, thinness, easy processing, accurate measurement, low cost, wide application and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to a capacitive pressure sensor, particularly relates to a gel capacitive sensor and a method for measuring plantar pressure and dynamic change, and belongs to the field of intelligent wearability.
Background
The lower limb stress condition can be inferred through the distribution of the sole pressure, the size condition and the dynamic change measurement result, the distribution condition of the sole pressure is quantized, the movement stroke of the human body is measured, the foot and leg diseases are evaluated, the later-stage rehabilitation effect of the surgical operation is evaluated, and the like, so that the lower limb rehabilitation device has important application value. Therefore, the real-time pressure condition of the sole can provide reliable basis for medical staff, provide reference for health monitoring of a patient and provide scientific and accurate data for application fields such as shoe research and development.
The traditional foot pressure sensor generally adopts resistance type and piezoelectric materials and the like, applies optical and mechanical modes and the like, measures the spatial distribution of the pressure of the sole through a complex data acquisition and analysis system, and performs gait analysis and the like. Resistance strain gauges, piezoelectric materials and the like belong to hard sensors, have high hardness and poor comfort, and are not suitable for being processed into various shapes; secondly, the materials are not transparent, so that the deformation of the foot is difficult to observe in the measurement process; and thirdly, a layer of elastic substance is required to cover the outside of the hard sensor for protection, so that the hard sensor has additional rigidity and damping and has certain influence on the measurement of the pressure value. At present, most products are sensed by wrists or by adopting a foot external power supply type sensor, and data measured by the sensors are greatly interfered by the outside or the equipment is complex, so that the reliability of the obtained human body data is low, the precision is not high, or the human body data is inconvenient and reliable.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a gel capacitive sensor and a method for measuring plantar pressure and dynamic change.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a gel capacitance type sensor for measuring plantar pressure and dynamic change comprises a middle insulating medium 3, an upper ionic gel array 2 and a lower ionic gel array 4, wherein the upper ionic gel array 2 and the lower ionic gel array 4 are bonded to the upper layer and the lower layer of the middle insulating medium 3; an upper layer of insulating medium 1 is adhered to the upper surface of the upper layer of ion gel array 2, and a lower layer of insulating medium 5 is adhered to the lower surface of the lower layer of ion gel array 4; the metal electrode 6 is adhered to the joint of the upper layer insulating medium 1 and the upper layer ion gel array 2 and the joint of the lower layer insulating medium 5 and the lower layer ion gel array 4; the button cell 8, the control acquisition module 9 and the Bluetooth module 10 are integrated on the circuit board 11 and connected with the metal electrode 6 through the lead 7, and the button cell 8 supplies power to the upper layer ionic gel array 2 and the lower layer ionic gel array 4.
The upper layer ion gel array 2 and the lower layer ion gel array 4 adopt soft and transparent PVA gel; the upper layer insulating medium 1, the middle insulating medium 3 and the lower layer insulating medium 5 adopt soft and transparent silica gel.
The upper layer ion gel array 2 and the lower layer ion gel array 4 are composed of hexagonal ion gel units, and the thickness is micrometer; the thicknesses of the upper layer insulating medium 1, the middle insulating medium 3 and the lower layer insulating medium 5 are in the micrometer scale.
Each hexagonal ion gel unit is connected by a single circuit, and finally, a bus is synthesized to be connected with the control acquisition module 9, and the real-time pressure distribution condition of the foot is reflected by measuring the signal of each hexagonal ion gel unit.
When measurement accuracy is required, the sizes of the hexagonal ion gel units of the upper ion gel array 2 and the lower ion gel array 4 are reduced, the number of the hexagonal ion gel units is increased, or the number of the hexagonal ion gel units is increased at the position with high pressure.
The circuit board 11 is provided with a DC/AC circuit to convert a direct current signal of the button cell 8 into an alternating current signal, so that power is supplied to the ionic gel, and the change of material characteristics is avoided.
The metal electrode 6, the upper layer ion gel array 2 and the lower layer ion gel array 4 form an electron-ion mixed current loop to transmit electric signals; because the voltage drop is mostly generated on the intermediate insulating medium 3, the voltage drop at the double electric layers of the metal electrode-electrolyte interface is far less than 1V, the ionic gel does not generate electrochemical reaction, and therefore, the low-voltage button cell 8 can be used for supplying power.
The circuit board 11 is used for integrally controlling the acquisition module 9, the Bluetooth module 10 and the button cell 8 to be installed at the root of the upper.
Gel capacitance type sensor for measuring plantar pressure and dynamic changeThe state change method is characterized in that when alternating current is supplied, two double electric layers are generated on metal electrode-ion gel interfaces of ion gel units of the upper ion gel array 2 and the lower ion gel array 4, and the capacitance is CdiAnd a middle insulation dielectric capacitance CsiAre connected in series; the charge distribution distance between the metal electrode and the ionic gel is in nanometer level, the charge distribution distance between the upper surface and the lower surface of the intermediate insulating medium is in micrometer level, and Cd is estimatedi/Csi≥105Thus measuring the capacitance
The thickness of the intermediate insulating medium 3 is d, the contact area with the ionic gel unit is s, and the capacitance value in the initial state is
ε0Is a vacuum dielectric constant of ∈rIs a relative dielectric constant; if the volume of the elastic body is unchanged after deformation, under the action of sole pressure, the length of the insulating medium is stretched to be lambda times, and the thickness of the insulating medium is compressed to be lambda
Multiple, area stretched to λ2Twice, the capacitance after being pressed is Ci＝λ4Csi0(ii) a The control acquisition module 9 is controlled to open the control switch to measure a certain capacitance signal CiOr voltage signal U corresponding to all capacitance signalsiThe pressure P is sent to the mobile phone by the Bluetooth module 10 and is calculated to obtain the pressure P of each part of the soleiAnd total pressure P, Pi＝kUi；
k is a proportionality coefficient of pressure and voltage; voltage signal U corresponding to dynamic capacitance signal of certain ionic gel uniti(T) the interval T between peak and peak values is the step cycle or jump cycle, the step number or jump starting number in a certain time T
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the capacitive sensor is made of the ionic gel and the insulating medium, has the advantages of softness, comfort, lightness, thinness and easiness in processing, and can observe the deformation condition of feet.
2. The thickness of the ionic gel adopted by the invention can be processed to micrometer (mum) level, and the additional rigidity and the damping are small, so the influence on the plantar pressure measurement precision is small.
3. The ionic gel adopted by the invention is manufactured into an insole in a unit array mode and is stuck to an insulating medium, the ionic gel units are in a regular hexagon, each unit is insulated from each other and is in a parallel connection state, the ionic gel units are numbered by a program, and the size and the number of the ionic gel units can be designed according to the measurement precision requirement.
4. In the measurement, the low-voltage button cell supplies alternating current through the conditioning circuit, the parallel circuit supplies power to the ionic gel array unit, and the voltage drop at the double electric layers is far less than 1V, so that the ionic gel characteristics are not changed, and the electrochemical reaction is not generated. In addition, after a plurality of measurements, the relation curve of the pressure and the capacitance has small deviation, so that the repeated measurement precision is good.
5. The small circuit board integrated control acquisition module, the Bluetooth module and the button battery are arranged at the root part of the upper, real-time data can be sent to mobile equipment such as a mobile phone, and the condition of a tested person can be conveniently and quickly measured and evaluated through processing of an application program.
6. Each unit of the ionic gel arranged in the invention is connected by an independent circuit, and finally a bus is synthesized to be connected with a control acquisition module, so that the signal of each unit is measured, and the real-time pressure distribution condition of the foot is directly reflected through cloud picture display of a mobile terminal program.
7. The dynamic signal of a certain unit of the ionic gel measured by the invention can reflect the gait condition of the tested person, such as the weight, the stride cycle, the journey estimation and the like, through the time domain curve of the application program of the mobile terminal.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a gel film capacitive sensor according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a cell array and circuit of the gel film of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the principle of the gel film capacitance sensor in the case of an electric double layer according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the invention relates to a gel capacitive sensor for measuring plantar pressure and dynamic changes, which comprises a middle insulating medium 3, an upper ionic gel array 2 adhered to the upper layer of the middle insulating medium 3 and a lower ionic gel array 4 adhered to the lower layer; the upper ionic gel array 2, the middle insulating medium 3 and the lower ionic gel 4 form a capacitor array; an upper layer of insulating medium 1 is adhered to the upper surface of the ionic gel array 2, and a lower layer of insulating medium 5 is adhered to the lower surface of the lower layer of ionic gel array 4; the upper layer insulating medium 1, the middle insulating medium 3, the lower layer insulating medium 5, the upper layer ion gel array 2 and the upper layer ion gel array 4 are all processed into a shape of an insole; the metal electrode 6 is adhered to the joint of the upper layer insulating medium 1 and the upper layer ionic gel array 2 and the joint of the lower layer insulating medium 5 and the lower layer ionic gel array 4, and the metal electrode 6, the upper layer ionic gel array 2 and the lower layer ionic gel array 4 form an electron-ionic gel mixed current loop; the button cell 8, the control acquisition module 9 and the Bluetooth module 10 are integrated on the circuit board 11 and connected with the metal electrode 6 through the lead 7, and the button cell 8 supplies power to the upper layer ion gel array 2 and the lower layer gel array 4.
As a preferred embodiment of the invention, when the measurement precision is required, the hexagonal ionic gel cells of the upper ionic gel array 2 and the lower ionic gel array 4 can be reduced in size, the total cell number can be increased, or the cell number can be increased at the position with high pressure.
As a preferred embodiment of the invention, different motion states are selected for different tested objects, such as standing, walking, jumping, running, crossing and the like.
As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the method for measuring plantar pressure and dynamic change of a gel capacitive sensor for measuring plantar pressure and dynamic change of the invention comprises the following steps: when alternating current is supplied, two double electric layers are generated at the metal electrode-ion gel interfaces of the ion gel units of the upper ion gel array 2 and the lower ion gel array 4, and the capacitance is CdiAnd a middle insulation dielectric capacitance CsiAre connected in series; the charge distribution distance between the metal electrode and the ionic gel is in nanometer level, the charge distribution distance between the upper surface and the lower surface of the intermediate insulating medium is in micrometer level, and Cd is estimatedi/Csi≥105Thus measuring the capacitance
The thickness of the intermediate insulating medium 3 is d, the contact area with the ionic gel unit is s, and the capacitance value in the initial state is
ε0Is a vacuum dielectric constant of ∈rIs a relative dielectric constant; if the volume of the elastic body is unchanged after deformation, under the action of sole pressure, the length of the insulating medium is stretched to be lambda times, and the thickness of the insulating medium is compressed to be lambda
Multiple, area stretched to λ2Twice, the capacitance after being pressed is Ci＝λ4Csi0(ii) a The control acquisition module 9 is controlled to open the control switch to measure a certain capacitance signal CiOr all capacitance signals correspond to voltage signals, the voltage signals are sent to the mobile phone by the Bluetooth module 10, and the pressure P of each part of the sole is obtained through calculationiAnd total pressure P, Pi＝kUi；
k is a proportionality coefficient of pressure and voltage; dynamic capacitance signal corresponding voltage signal U of certain ionic gel uniti(T) the interval T between peak and peak values is the step cycle or jump cycle, the step number or jump starting number in a certain time T
The ionic gel does not generate electrochemical reaction, and the drift of the measurement result is very small after multiple times of loading, so the sensor can be repeatedly used for a long time, and the measurement precision can be ensured.
Claims (3)
1. A method for measuring plantar pressure and dynamic change of a gel capacitive sensor for measuring plantar pressure and dynamic change comprises the steps that the gel capacitive sensor for measuring plantar pressure and dynamic change comprises a middle insulating medium (3), an upper layer ion gel array (2) and a lower layer ion gel array (4), wherein the upper layer ion gel array and the lower layer ion gel array are bonded to the upper layer of the middle insulating medium (3); an upper layer of insulating medium (1) is adhered to the upper surface of the upper layer of ion gel array (2), and a lower layer of insulating medium (5) is adhered to the lower surface of the lower layer of ion gel array (4); the metal electrode (6) is adhered to the joint of the upper-layer insulating medium (1) and the upper-layer ionic gel array (2) and the joint of the lower-layer insulating medium (5) and the lower-layer ionic gel array (4); the button cell (8), the control acquisition module (9) and the Bluetooth module (10) are integrated on the circuit board (11) and connected with the metal electrode (6) through a lead (7), and the button cell (8) supplies power to the upper layer ion gel array (2) and the lower layer ion gel array (4); the upper layer ion gel array (2) and the lower layer ion gel array (4) adopt soft and transparent PVA gel; the upper layer insulating medium (1), the middle insulating medium (3) and the lower layer insulating medium (5) adopt soft and transparent silica gel; the thicknesses of the upper layer ion gel array (2), the lower layer ion gel array (4), the upper layer insulating medium (1), the middle insulating medium (3) and the lower layer insulating medium (5) are in micrometer magnitude;
the method is characterized in that: the method for measuring the pressure and the dynamic change of the sole comprises the following steps: when alternating current is supplied, two double electric layers are generated at the metal electrode-ion gel interfaces of the ion gel units of the upper ion gel array (2) and the lower ion gel array (4), and the capacitance is CdiAnd a middle insulation dielectric capacitance CsiAre connected in series; the charge distribution distance between the metal electrode and the ionic gel is nanometer level, and the charge distribution distance between the upper surface and the lower surface of the intermediate insulating mediumIs in the micrometer scale, and Cd is estimatedi/Csi≥105Thus measuring the capacitance
The thickness of the intermediate insulating medium (3) is d, the contact area with the ionic gel unit is s, and the capacitance value in the initial state is
ε0Is a vacuum dielectric constant of ∈rIs a relative dielectric constant; if the volume of the elastic body is unchanged after deformation, under the action of sole pressure, the length of the insulating medium is stretched to be lambda times, and the thickness of the insulating medium is compressed to be lambda
Multiple, area stretched to λ2Twice, the capacitance after being pressed is Ci＝λ4Csi0(ii) a The control acquisition module (9) opens the control switch to measure a certain capacitance signal CiOr voltage signal U corresponding to all capacitance signalsiThe pressure P of each part of the sole is obtained by calculation after being sent to a mobile phone by a Bluetooth module (10)iAnd total pressure P, Pi＝kUi；
k is a proportionality coefficient of pressure and voltage; voltage signal U corresponding to dynamic capacitance signal of certain ionic gel uniti(T) the interval T between peak and peak values is the step cycle or jump cycle, the step number or jump starting number in a certain time T
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises the steps of: the upper layer ion gel array (2) and the lower layer ion gel array (4) are composed of hexagonal ion gel units, and when the measurement accuracy requirement exists, the sizes of the hexagonal ion gel units of the upper layer ion gel array (2) and the lower layer ion gel array (4) are reduced, the number of the overall hexagonal ion gel units is increased, or the number of the hexagonal ion gel units is increased at a position with large pressure.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the method further comprises the steps of: each hexagonal ion gel unit is connected by a single circuit, and finally, a bus is synthesized to be connected with a control acquisition module (9), and the real-time pressure distribution condition of the foot is reflected by measuring the signal of each hexagonal ion gel unit; a DC/AC circuit is arranged on the circuit board (11) to convert a direct current signal of the button battery (8) into an alternating current signal to supply power to the ionic gel, so that the characteristic change of materials is avoided;
the metal electrode (6), the upper layer ion gel array (2) and the lower layer ion gel array (4) form an electron-ion mixed current loop to transmit an electric signal; because most of the voltage drop occurs on the intermediate insulating medium (3), the voltage drop at the double electric layers of the metal electrode-electrolyte interface is far less than 1V, and the ionic gel does not generate electrochemical reaction, the low-voltage button cell (8) can be adopted for supplying power;
the circuit board (11) is integrated with the control acquisition module (9), the Bluetooth module (10) and the button cell (8) and is arranged at the root of the upper.
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Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107242644A (en) * | 2017-06-19 | 2017-10-13 | 深圳市沃特沃德股份有限公司 | Shoe-pad and shoes |
| CN108827501B (en) * | 2018-07-18 | 2022-02-01 | 南方科技大学 | Tactile sensor and preparation method thereof |
| CN110269601A (en) * | 2019-05-12 | 2019-09-24 | 王永芳 | A kind of accurate step-recording method using body capacitance |
| CN110579296B (en) * | 2019-09-30 | 2020-08-04 | 西安交通大学 | Double electric layer capacitance type flexible pressure sensor with enhanced inclined structure and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN114224321A (en) * | 2021-11-01 | 2022-03-25 | 福建世新机器人科技有限公司 | Plantar pressure measuring method based on capacitive pressure sensing array |
| CN114343613A (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-04-15 | 福建世新机器人科技有限公司 | Motion detection device based on plantar pressure |
| CN114848245B (en) * | 2022-07-06 | 2022-09-06 | 北京大学 | Knee joint replacement gap balance measuring system, preparation method and measuring method |
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