CN106768336A - Spectrum imaging system, imaging device and data processing method - Google Patents
Spectrum imaging system, imaging device and data processing method Download PDFInfo
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- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 81
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 80
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 241001436679 Adama Species 0.000 claims abstract description 76
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000008520 organization Effects 0.000 claims description 12
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- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004611 spectroscopical analysis Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 14
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 12
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000005357 flat glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002189 fluorescence spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010183 spectrum analysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 108091026890 Coding region Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 206010052128 Glare Diseases 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
- G01J3/28—Investigating the spectrum
- G01J3/2823—Imaging spectrometer
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
- G01J3/02—Details
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
- G01J3/02—Details
- G01J3/0205—Optical elements not provided otherwise, e.g. optical manifolds, diffusers, windows
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
- G01J3/02—Details
- G01J3/0205—Optical elements not provided otherwise, e.g. optical manifolds, diffusers, windows
- G01J3/0208—Optical elements not provided otherwise, e.g. optical manifolds, diffusers, windows using focussing or collimating elements, e.g. lenses or mirrors; performing aberration correction
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
- G01J3/28—Investigating the spectrum
- G01J3/2803—Investigating the spectrum using photoelectric array detector
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/01—Arrangements or apparatus for facilitating the optical investigation
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/62—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
- G01N21/63—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light optically excited
- G01N21/64—Fluorescence; Phosphorescence
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/01—Arrangements or apparatus for facilitating the optical investigation
- G01N2021/0106—General arrangement of respective parts
- G01N2021/0112—Apparatus in one mechanical, optical or electronic block
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/62—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
- G01N21/63—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light optically excited
- G01N21/64—Fluorescence; Phosphorescence
- G01N2021/6417—Spectrofluorimetric devices
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Abstract
The invention provides a kind of spectrum imaging system, belong to technical field of imaging.The spectrum imaging system includes the first lens group, Adama template, the second lens group, dispersion means, face battle array photoelectric detector and microcontroller, first lens group, Adama template, the second lens group, dispersion means, face battle array photoelectric detector are set gradually, and the face battle array photoelectric detector is electrically connected with the microcontroller.Spectrum imaging system provided in an embodiment of the present invention can more quickly get the spectroscopic data cube of high spectral resolution, be conducive to actually used.Additionally, present invention also offers a kind of imaging device including above-mentioned spectrum imaging system and being applied to the data processing method of the spectrum imaging system.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of imaging, at a kind of spectrum imaging system, imaging device and data
Reason method.
Background technology
Hadamard transform technology is a kind of modulation technique of similar Fourier transform, the energy with multi-channel detection and imaging
Power.Signal to noise ratio can be significantly improved using this technology.Although this technology has started to be applied to spectrum analysis and micro-imaging
Field, but at present using this technology instrumental function it is more single, spectrum analysis is integrated very poor with imaging capability.It is existing
High resolution Adama conversion micro-image analyzer, one-dimensional template and 512 pictures that 511 rank S circular matrixes can be applied to build
Plain line array CCD, obtains the full resolution pricture of 511 × 512 pixels, but does not possess the ability for obtaining high-resolution spectra.Additionally, existing
In the system that can carry out high-resolution spectra scanning having, spectral scan and Adama cataloged procedure needs carrying out independently
Mechanical movement so that obtaining spectroscopic data cube needs the consumption more time, so as to influence actually used.
The content of the invention
In view of this, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of spectrum imaging system, imaging device and data processing method,
The problem of consumption more time is needed to improve above-mentioned acquisition spectroscopic data cube.
To achieve these goals, the technical scheme that the embodiment of the present invention is used is as follows：
In a first aspect, a kind of spectrum imaging system is the embodiment of the invention provides, including the first lens group, Adama mould
Plate, the second lens group, dispersion means, face battle array photoelectric detector and microcontroller, first lens group, Adama template,
Second lens group, dispersion means, face battle array photoelectric detector set gradually, and the face battle array photoelectric detector and the microcontroller are electric
Connection.First lens group is used to collimating and focusing on the Adama template the first incident flashlight.Ah the reaching
First flashlight that agate template is used for inciding the Adama template under the driving of controlling organization carries out coding formation
Secondary signal light.Second lens group is used for by the secondary signal light boil down to of the Adama template outgoing and institute
State the 3rd flashlight of face battle array photoelectric detector matching.The dispersion means are used for as described in the second lens group outgoing
3rd flashlight carries out the 4th flashlight that the formation of dispersion light-splitting processing is opened by wavelength dispersion.The face battle array photoelectric detector is used for
The 4th flashlight of the dispersion means outgoing is received, the 4th flashlight is converted into electric signal sends to described micro-
Controller.The microcontroller obtains imaging spectrometer data for processing the electric signal for receiving.
In preferred embodiments of the present invention, dispersion means described above include entrance slit, quasi-optical mirror, dispersion element with
And condenser, the 3rd flashlight of the second lens group outgoing incides the entrance slit, narrow by the incidence
3rd flashlight of seam incides the dispersion element after being collimated through the quasi-optical mirror, the shape after the dispersion element dispersion
Into the 4th flashlight, the 4th flashlight presses wavelength focus to the table of face battle array photoelectric detector through the condenser
Face.
In preferred embodiments of the present invention, above-mentioned Adama template is one-dimensional loop coding template, and its sequence is by circulating S
Matrix is generated, and the one-dimensional loop coding template is used to carry out first flashlight coding generation secondary signal light.
In preferred embodiments of the present invention, above-mentioned face battle array photoelectric detector is face battle array gray scale photoelectric detector.
In preferred embodiments of the present invention, above-mentioned imaging spectrometer data includes three information of dimension, wherein, the first dimension
The pixel count of degree is determined that the pixel count of the second dimension is by face battle array photoelectric detector by the coding digit of the Adama template
The pixel number of first direction determine, the unit number of third dimension by face battle array photoelectric detector second direction pixel number
Determine.
In preferred embodiments of the present invention, the spectral region of above-mentioned first flashlight includes ultraviolet in infrared band
Any wave band.
Second aspect, the embodiment of the present invention additionally provides a kind of imaging device, including above-mentioned spectrum imaging system.
The third aspect, the embodiment of the present invention additionally provides a kind of data processing method, runs on above-mentioned spectrum imaging system
In microcontroller.Methods described includes：According to the electric signal for receiving, first coding data is obtained；According to default
First coded sequence to the first coding data decode and obtains light spectrum image-forming data, wherein, first coded sequence
It is corresponding with the Adama template.
In preferred embodiments of the present invention, the face battle array photoelectric detector in above-mentioned spectrum imaging system is the array of A × B
Photoelectric detector, the Adama template is the one-dimensional loop coding template built using N rank S circular matrixes.The basis is pre-
If the first coded sequence the first coding data decode obtain the light spectrum image-forming data, including：According to formula：
X(A,B,N)=S-1·Y(A,B,N)Decoded first decoding data is obtained, wherein, X(A,B,N)Represent first decoding data, S tables
Show the matrix being made up of the corresponding N number of coded sequence of the Adama template, Y(A,B,N)Represent the first coding data；According to
Formula：λa=λ0+ ka+w (a-1) is by the first decoding data X(A,B,N)Be converted to light spectrum image-forming data X(λ,B,N), wherein, λaTable
Show the corresponding wavelength of a+1 row pixels of the face battle array photoelectric detector, a is the integer of 1 to A-1, λ0Represent default described
The corresponding wavelength of 1st row pixel of face battle array photoelectric detector, k represents the 1st row pixel of the default face battle array photoelectric detector
Corresponding spectral width angle value, w represent it is default with the face battle array photoelectric detector pixel columns the corresponding spectrum of increase
The changing value of width.
In preferred embodiments of the present invention, the face battle array photoelectric detector in the spectrum imaging system is the array of A × B
Photoelectric detector, the Adama template is the one-dimensional loop coding template built using N rank S circular matrixes, and the basis is pre-
If the first coded sequence the first coding data decode obtain the light spectrum image-forming data, including：According to formula：
X(A,B,N)=S-1·Y(A,B,N)Decoded first decoding data is obtained, wherein, X(A,B,N)Represent first decoding data, S tables
Show the matrix being made up of the corresponding N number of coded sequence of the Adama template, Y(A,B,N)Represent the first coding data；By institute
Each described second code sequence in data and default multiple second coded sequences of the third dimension for stating the first decoding data
Row are multiplied, and obtain array corresponding with the second coded sequence each described；Each array to obtaining is sued for peace respectively, is obtained
Second coded data；Second coded data decode according to the multiple second coded sequence and obtains the second solution yardage
According to；According to formula：λa=λ0Second decoding data is converted to light spectrum image-forming data by+ka+w (a-1), wherein, λaTable
Show the corresponding wavelength of a+1 row pixels of the face battle array photoelectric detector, a is the integer of 1 to A-1, λ0Represent default described
The corresponding wavelength of 1st row pixel of face battle array photoelectric detector, k represents the 1st row pixel of the default face battle array photoelectric detector
Corresponding spectral width angle value, w represent it is default with the face battle array photoelectric detector pixel columns the corresponding spectrum of increase
The changing value of width.
In spectrum imaging system provided in an embodiment of the present invention, the first incident flashlight is collimated and gathered through the first lens group
Jiao encodes to form secondary signal light to Adama template through Adama template, and secondary signal light is compressed to be formed by the second lens group
3rd flashlight, the 3rd flashlight forms the 4th flashlight opened by wavelength dispersion, face battle array photoelectricity through dispersion means light-splitting processing
Detector receives the 4th flashlight and the 4th flashlight is converted into electric signal and is sent to microcontroller.By controlling organization to Ah
Up to the driving of agate template, said process is repeated, microcontroller is by data processing method provided in an embodiment of the present invention to receiving
To signal carry out treatment formed imaging spectrometer data i.e. spectroscopic data cube.Compared to prior art, the embodiment of the present invention is carried
The spectrum imaging system of confession is coordinated by face battle array photoelectric detector with dispersion means can more quickly get high spectral resolution
The spectroscopic data cube of rate, is conducive to actually used.
Brief description of the drawings
Technical scheme in order to illustrate more clearly the embodiments of the present invention, below will be attached to what is used needed for embodiment
Figure is briefly described, it will be appreciated that the following drawings illustrate only certain embodiments of the present invention, thus be not construed as it is right
The restriction of scope, for those of ordinary skill in the art, on the premise of not paying creative work, can also be according to this
A little accompanying drawings obtain other related accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of spectrum imaging system provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of dispersion means provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the spectroscopic data cube that spectrum imaging system provided in an embodiment of the present invention is collected；
Fig. 4 is the method flow diagram of data processing method provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
In figure：10- spectrum imaging systems；The lens groups of 101- first；102- diaphragms；103- Adama templates；104- second
Lens group；105- dispersion means；106- faces battle array photoelectric detector；107- microcontrollers；201- entrance slits；The quasi-optical mirrors of 202-；
203- dispersion elements；204- condensers.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is carried out clear, complete
Site preparation is described, it is clear that described embodiment is a part of embodiment of the invention, rather than whole embodiments.Generally herein
The component of the embodiment of the present invention described and illustrated in place's accompanying drawing can be arranged and designed with a variety of configurations.Therefore,
The detailed description of the embodiments of the invention to providing in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the model of claimed invention below
Enclose, but be merely representative of selected embodiment of the invention.It should be noted that：Similar label and letter is represented in following accompanying drawing
Similar terms, therefore, once being defined in a certain Xiang Yi accompanying drawing, then it need not be carried out further in subsequent accompanying drawing
Definition and explanation.
In the description of the invention, it is necessary to explanation, term " " center ", " on ", D score, " left side ", "front", "rear",
The orientation or position relationship of the instructions such as " interior ", " outward " be based on orientation shown in the drawings or position relationship, or the invention produce
The orientation or position relationship usually put when product are used, are for only for ease of the description present invention and simplify description, rather than instruction
Or imply that the device or element of meaning with specific orientation, with specific azimuth configuration and operation, therefore must not be understood that
It is limitation of the present invention.Additionally, term " first ", " second " etc. are only used for distinguishing description, and it is not intended that indicating or dark
Show relative importance.Term " vertical " is not offered as requiring part abswolute level or vertical, and can be to be slightly tilted.
In the description of the invention, in addition it is also necessary to explanation, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, term " setting ",
" optical coupling ", " electrical connection " should be interpreted broadly, for example, " optical coupling " can be direct-coupling, it is also possible to by intermediary
INDIRECT COUPLING, or two connections of element internal.For the ordinary skill in the art, can be managed with concrete condition
Solve above-mentioned term concrete meaning in the present invention.
Fig. 1 shows spectrum imaging system provided in an embodiment of the present invention.As shown in figure 1, the spectrum imaging system 10 is wrapped
Include：First lens group 101, Adama template 103, the second lens group 104, dispersion means 105, face battle array photoelectric detector 106 with
And microcontroller 107.First lens group 101, Adama template 103, the second lens group 104, dispersion means 105, face battle array photoelectricity
Detector 106 is set gradually, and face battle array photoelectric detector 106 is electrically connected with microcontroller 107.
In the present embodiment, the first lens group 101 is used to collimating and focusing on Adama template the first incident flashlight
103.Wherein, the first incident flashlight is the imaging of sample, for example, the imaging can be irradiated to sample for excitation source
The fluorescence or Raman diffused light for obtaining afterwards.Certainly, imaging can also be that broad spectrum light source is irradiated to the transmission obtained after sample
Light.It is understood that when transmitted light of the imaging for sample, it is necessary to prestore the light of the launching light of the broad spectrum light source
Spectral intensity is entered in order to the spectral intensity to detected transmitted light as reference spectral power with said reference spectral intensity
Row treatment, so as to realize the transmitted light light spectrum image-forming of sample.
In preferred embodiments of the present invention, the spectral region of above-mentioned first flashlight can include ultraviolet to infrared band
Interior any wave band.For example, above-mentioned first flashlight can be visible light wave range, or infrared band.
It should be noted that being additionally provided with diaphragm 102 between the first lens group 101 and Adama template 103, control is incident
The bore of the first flashlight on to Adama template 103 so that focus on the spot size in Adama template 103 and Ah reaching
The size matching of agate template 103.
Further, Adama template 103 is used under the driving of controlling organization to inciding the of the Adama template 103
One flashlight carries out coding and forms secondary signal light.In the present embodiment, Adama template 103 can use one-dimensional loop coding mould
Plate, its sequence is generated by cyclic J-integral.It should be noted that in order to reduce diffraction effect influence on RT, mould as far as possible
The symbol size specification of plate should be designed according to the specific wave band of the first flashlight.Adama template 103 includes multiple code elements, often
Modulation of the individual code element to light only exists two kinds of working conditions, for example, coded sequence is made up of " 1 " and " 0 ", the code element correspondence of printing opacity
Coding " 1 ", lighttight code element correspondence coding " 0 ".
Specifically, one-dimensional loop coding template can use movable type mechanical template, for example, processed using etch process plating
The sheet glass for having metal is made.It should be noted that in order to generate the corresponding N groups coding of N rank s-matrix, code element should have
There are 2N-1 bars just to can guarantee that plating filmed metals sheet glass Adama template 103 generates complete N groups and encodes by mechanical movement.Due to
S circulations template can not require order between the starting of any code element, and N groups coding, it is contemplated that actual Template Location precision, can
Ensure the registration tolerance of template coding region and the light hole of diaphragm 102 suitably to increase the quantity of code element.
Certainly, in addition to using movable type mechanical template, LCD space light modulator or digital micro-mirror can also be used
Array device now, is not required to moving die plate as Adama template 103 during template transformation, only need to be according to default coded sequence
Required code element is sequentially generated, i.e. code element only needs to N bars, it is also possible to need not increase the Allowance Design of code element bar number.
In view of the accuracy and system cost of coded data, spectrum imaging system provided in an embodiment of the present invention 10
In, one-dimensional loop coding template can preferably use movable type mechanical template.Now, above-mentioned one-dimensional loop coding template can be
It is for linear motion under the driving of controlling organization, so as to obtain different Adama templates 103, respectively to the first incident flashlight
Carry out coded modulation.Assuming that one-dimensional loop coding template application N rank S circular matrixes build, it at least includes 2N-1 bar code elements.Example
Such as, N=7, corresponding S circular matrixes are 1110100, and the corresponding coding of the code element that one-dimensional loop coding template includes is followed successively by：
1110100111010, if it is 1110100111010011 to consider that position error increases by three code elements.If during the 1st detection, to the
The coded sequence of the Adama template 103 that one flashlight is modulated is：1110100.Before 2nd detection, by controlling organization
Driving Adama template 103 along coding direction move a code element so that the 2nd time detection when the first flashlight is modulated
The coded sequence of Adama template 103 be：1101001, the like, until before the 7th detection, by the drive of controlling organization
Dynamic Adama template 103 moves a code element along coding direction so that the first flashlight is modulated during the 7th detection Ah
Coded sequence up to agate template 103 is：0111010.
Now, controlling organization (not shown) can include motor, for example, screw rod can be driven by stepper motor
Transmission component, so as to drive Adama template 103 for linear motion.
Further, the secondary signal light of outgoing, continues to incide the second lens group 104 after being modulated through Adama template 103.
Second lens group 104 is used for the 3rd flashlight that incident secondary signal light boil down to is matched with face battle array photoelectric detector 106.
That is, the second lens group 104 has the function of the imaging size size for changing secondary signal light.In the present embodiment, second
Lens group 104 can use cylinder microscope group, and secondary signal light is focused into square by cylinder microscope group at the incidence point of dispersion means 105
Shape hot spot.
Specifically, as shown in Fig. 2 dispersion means 105 can include entrance slit 201, quasi-optical mirror 202, dispersion element 203
And condenser 204.The exit end optical coupling of the lens group 104 of entrance slit 201 and second of dispersion means 105, and it is incident narrow
Seam 201, quasi-optical mirror 202, dispersion element 203, condenser 204, face battle array photoelectric detector 106 set gradually.Second lens group 104
3rd flashlight of outgoing incides entrance slit 201, is collimated through quasi-optical mirror 202 by the 3rd flashlight of entrance slit 201
After incide dispersion element 203, form the 4th flashlight after the dispersion of dispersion element 203, the 4th flashlight is through poly-
Light microscopic 204 is by wavelength focus to the surface of face battle array photoelectric detector 106.
Wherein, entrance slit 201 is used to prevent the light beyond the 3rd flashlight to enter dispersion means 105.May be appreciated
It is, in order to reduce loss, complete image information and spectral information to be obtained as far as possible, secondary signal light gathers after being processed through cylinder microscope group
The size fit of burnt spot size and entrance slit 201 at entrance slit 201.Preferential, shape and the incidence of the hot spot
The shape of slit 201 is consistent, and the area of the hot spot is consistent with the area of entrance slit 201, to cause entrance slit 201 in resistance
Only while other veiling glares, can farthest pass through the 3rd flashlight.For example, work as focusing at entrance slit 201
When light spot shape is rectangle, entrance slit 201 is rectangular slot corresponding with the hot spot.
In the present embodiment, dispersion element 203 can be the combination of prism, grating or prism and grating.For example, when dispersion unit
When part 203 is grating, reflective balzed grating, can be used.
It is directional light that quasi-optical mirror 202 is used for being collimated by the 3rd flashlight of above-mentioned entrance slit 201, and causes to pass through
3rd flashlight of above-mentioned entrance slit 201 incides dispersion element 203.Condenser 204 is acted on convergence, for by dispersion
The light of the outgoing of element 203 focuses on face battle array photoelectric detector 106.Can realize beam collimation function quasi-optical mirror 202 and can
Realize that light beam convergence condenser 204 most has various, in order to reduce the space hold of whole dispersion means 105, quasi-optical mirror
202 and condenser 204 can preferably use concave mirror.
Certainly, in addition to above-mentioned implementation method, in the embodiment of the present invention, it would however also be possible to employ its of above-mentioned functions can be realized
The dispersion means 105 of his structure.
Face battle array photoelectric detector 106 includes that face battle array photoelectric detector 106 is used to receive the institute of the outgoing of the dispersion means 105
The 4th flashlight is stated, the 4th flashlight is converted into electric signal sends to the microcontroller 107.The embodiment of the present invention
In, face battle array photoelectric detector 106 can be using face battle array gray scale photoelectric detector.It is for instance possible to use the face battle array of a width of A × B of length
The line direction of gray scale photoelectric detector, the i.e. photoelectric detector includes A pixel, and column direction includes B pixel, and A and B can phase
Deng, it is also possible to, and exponent number N to s-matrix is uncorrelated.
In order to ensure being capable of fully quilt cover battle array photoelectric detector 106 institute from the 4th flashlight of the outgoing of dispersion means 105
Obtain, to obtain as far as possible complete image information, the size of face battle array photoelectric detector 106 with by the outgoing of the second lens group 104 after
The spot size at the entrance slit 201 of dispersion means 105 is focused on to match.Specifically, the row of face battle array photoelectric detector 106
The length in direction is preferably greater than or equal to the size of the short transverse of the hot spot.It should be noted that face battle array photoelectric detector 106
Column direction it is consistent with the short transverse of the hot spot.Additionally, the pixel of the line direction of face battle array photoelectric detector 106 is used to detect the
The monochromatic spectral information of the different wave length that four flashlights include, and face battle array photoelectric detector 106 line direction length with
The spectral resolution of dispersion means 105 determines the spectral region to be obtained of this spectrum imaging system 10, face battle array light electric-examination
Each pixel for surveying device 106 determines this light spectrum image-forming along the length of above-mentioned line direction and the spectral resolution of dispersion means 105
The spectral resolution of system 10.
Therefore, when the length of the line direction of the face battle array photoelectric detector 106 for using is different, different spectrum be can obtain and is obtained
Take scope.When the face battle array photoelectric detector 106 for using pixel along above-mentioned line direction length it is different when, can obtain different light
Spectral resolution.When the dispersion element 203 of dispersion means 105 is grating, using the grating of different line numbers, you can obtain different
Spectrum obtains scope and spectral resolution.
In the embodiment of the present invention, by the cooperation of above-mentioned dispersion means 105 and face battle array photoelectric detector 106 so that the 4th
Flashlight is that face battle array photoelectric detector 106 surface is focused on through the encoded light after the dispersion of the convergence processing of condenser 204, by not
Corresponding opto-electronic conversion is carried out with the photoelectric detector pixel of position, microcontroller 107 is output data to.Therefore, compared to existing
Some monochromators, dispersion means provided in an embodiment of the present invention 105 do not include exit slit and drive dispersion element 203 to rotate
Driver part.Now, battle array photoelectric detector 106 in face can directly effectively receive what the first incident flashlight included
Image information and spectral information.
Microcontroller 107 can include IC chip, and it has the disposal ability of signal.Microcontroller 107 is used for
The electric signal that place reason face battle array photoelectric detector 106 sends obtains imaging spectrometer data.For example, microcontroller 107 can include
The chip with data processing function such as single-chip microcomputer, DSP, ARM or FPGA.Certainly, in the present embodiment, microcontroller 107 can be with
It is computer.
For the scheme of clearer explanation the present embodiment, the spectrum imaging system 10 that the present embodiment will be provided below
The course of work is further described.
Assuming that Adama template 103 is the one-dimensional circulation template built using N rank S circular matrixes, face battle array photoelectric detector
106 is the face battle array gray scale photoelectric detector of a width of A × B of length.Now, in order to obtain high-resolution imaging spectrometer data i.e. spectrum
Data cube often converts an Adama template 103, it is necessary to convert n times Adama template 103, then carry out one-time detection,
Seek to carry out n times detection.
During the 1st detection, controlling organization is not started working, and Adama template 103 is in original state, now Adama mould
The corresponding coded sequence of plate 103 is S1, processed by microcontroller 107 and obtain what now face battle array gray scale photoelectric detector was received
The corresponding data of 4th flashlight are matrix y1；After the completion of detecting for the first time, the edge of Adama template 103 is driven by controlling organization
Move a code element in coding direction；Now the corresponding coded sequence of Adama template 103 is S2, start the 2nd detection, by micro-
It is matrix y that the treatment of controller 107 obtains the corresponding data of the 4th flashlight that now battle array gray scale photoelectric detector in face is received2；
The like, until after the completion of the N-1 times detection, driving Adama template 103 to move one along coding direction by controlling organization
Individual code element；Now the corresponding coded sequence of Adama template 103 is SN, start n-th detection, processed by microcontroller 107
It is matrix y to obtain the corresponding data of the 4th flashlight that now battle array gray scale photoelectric detector in face is receivedN。
Further, microcontroller 107 is according to matrix y1、y2、……、yNAnd with matrix y1Corresponding coded sequence S1With
Matrix y2Corresponding coded sequence S2... and with matrix yNCorresponding coded sequence SNCan obtain the first signal of incidence
The imaging spectrometer data of light, i.e. spectroscopic data cube.
Spectroscopic data cube include inciding image information formed by first flashlight of this spectrum imaging system 10 and
Spectral information.Specifically, the imaging spectrometer data includes three information of dimension.Wherein, the first dimension (X-axis side in Fig. 3
To) information and the information of the second dimension (Y direction in Fig. 3) constitute above-mentioned image information, and the first dimension pixel count
Determined by the coding digit of Adama template 103, the pixel count of the second dimension by face battle array photoelectric detector 106 first direction
Pixel number is determined.Third dimension (Z-direction in Fig. 3) represents spectral information.The unit number of third dimension is by face battle array light
The pixel number of the second direction of photodetector 106 is determined.The first direction is the column direction of face battle array photoelectric detector 106,
The second direction is the line direction of face battle array photoelectric detector 106.Therefore, according to practical application needs, the embodiment of the present invention
Difference can be obtained by the pixel number of the coding digit of Adama template 103 and the column direction of face battle array photoelectric detector 106
Image resolution ratio, such as 128 × 128 pixels, 128 × 256 pixels, 256 × 256 pixels and 512 × 512 pixels.
After obtaining spectroscopic data cube as shown in Figure 3, can extract right out with a certain wavelength from the spectroscopic data cube
Answer image information, it is also possible to a certain pixel or some region of some pixels, extract correspondence spectral information out.
In addition, the embodiment of the present invention additionally provides a kind of specific application scenarios.To believe from microscopical fluorescence imaging
Number as the first flashlight, introduce this spectrum imaging system 10, imaging through diaphragm 102, focus on Adama template 103,
By the light that Adama template 103 is modulated, being focused at the entrance slit 201 of dispersion means 105 by cylinder microscope group turns into and enters
Penetrate the elongate rectangular hot spot of the size of slit 201 matching.The hot spot is the clear coded image of sample, and is positioned at entrance slit
201 edge of a knife centre.The light splitting of dispersion element 203 after into dispersion means 105, dispersed light beam focuses on face battle array gray scale light electric-examination
Survey the pixel surface of device.Regulating and controlling Adama template 103 by controlling organization carries out Hadamard transform, the receiving plane of microcontroller 107
The electric signal that battle array gray scale photoelectric detector sends, treatment obtains the fluorescence spectrum imaging data cube detected under microscope.Should
Each pixel of spectroscopic data cube can extract corresponding fluorescence spectrum information.Mixed method is gone by spectrum, can be by
Fluorescence mark region is extracted and quantified.
Imaging spectral number will be obtained to the electric signal that reason face battle array photoelectric detector 106 at microcontroller 107 sends below
According to method be specifically described.Microcontroller 107 includes memory and processor, and memory can be used for the present embodiment offer
The corresponding instruction of data processing method or module, processor is used to perform each instruction for being stored in memory or module is obtained
Result.
Fig. 4 is referred to, the embodiment of the present invention additionally provides a kind of data processing method, is applied to above-mentioned spectrum imaging system
Microcontroller 107 in 10, the electric signal to receiving is processed, and obtains imaging spectrometer data.As shown in figure 4, the side
Method includes：
Step S101, according to the electric signal for receiving, obtains first coding data；
It is understood that in spectrum imaging system provided in an embodiment of the present invention 10, face battle array photoelectric detector 106 is received
To the 4th flashlight be the first incident flashlight by after the coding of Adama template 103, further across the second lens group
Formed after 104 compression treatment and the dispersion of dispersion means 105.Therefore, face battle array photoelectric detector 106 will receive the
After four flashlights are converted to electric signal, microcontroller 107 is sent to, 107 pairs of electric signals of microcontroller carry out processing what is obtained
It is the first flashlight encoded by Adama template 103, i.e., the corresponding data of above-mentioned secondary signal light, as the first coded number
According to.
It should be noted that due to needing to decode above-mentioned first coding data, it is necessary to according to Adama template 103
Port number carry out multiple Hadamard transform coding, that is, carry out repeated detection and obtain the corresponding coded data of different coding code element.
Therefore, in step S101, electric signal includes multiple subsignals, and first coding data includes many sub- coded datas, many height letters
Number corresponded with many sub- coded datas.Certainly, the port number of Adama template 103, the data of face battle array photoelectric detector 106
The quantity of times of collection and subsignal is equal.Carried out using 10 pairs of current the first incident flashlights of above-mentioned spectrum imaging system
During detection, each coded sequence of Adama template 103 both corresponds to a subsignal.
Step S102, to the first coding data decode obtaining light spectrum image-forming according to default first coded sequence
Data, wherein, first coded sequence is corresponding with the Adama template in the spectrum imaging system 10.
Wherein, the first coded sequence can be pre-stored within the processor of microcontroller 107, when microcontroller 107 is wrapped
When having included input/output unit, such as mouse, keyboard or touch-screen, or user is input into real time using input/output unit.
It is understood that in above-mentioned spectrum imaging system 10, the code element of Adama template 103 is that first coded sequence is set.
Therefore, the first coding data that step S101 is obtained can be decoded by the first coded sequence, so as to obtain spectrum into
As data.
If specifically, Adama template 103 be using N rank S circular matrixes build one-dimensional circulation template, if light spectrum image-forming
Face battle array photoelectric detector 106 in system 10 is the gray scale photoelectric detector of a width of A × B of length.The code sequence of Adama template 103
Row include S1、S2、……、SN, corresponding first coding data include matrix y1、y2、……、yN, each matrix represents a son
Coded data, each coded sequence corresponds to a sub- coded data.
Specifically, the implementation method of step S102 can be：
According to formula：X(A,B,N)=S-1·Y(A,B,N)Obtain decoded first decoding data.Wherein, X(A,B,N)Represent institute
The first decoding data is stated, S represents the matrix being made up of the corresponding N number of coded sequence of the Adama template 103, Y(A,B,N)Represent
The first coding data.
Further, then by default spectral calibration information, the pixel sequence A of line direction is converted into spectral wavelength λ.Tool
Body, can be according to formula：λa=λ0+ ka+w (a-1) is by the first decoding data X(A,B,N)Be converted to light spectrum image-forming data
X(λ,B,N), wherein, λaThe corresponding wavelength of a+1 row pixels of the face battle array photoelectric detector 106 is represented, a is the whole of 1 to A-1
Number, λ0The corresponding wavelength of the 1st row pixel of the default face battle array photoelectric detector 106 is represented, k represents the default face battle array
The corresponding spectral width angle value of 1st row pixel of photoelectric detector 106, w represents default with face battle array photoelectric detector 106
Pixel columns the corresponding spectral width of increase changing value.
Wherein, default spectral calibration information can be by standard spectrum light source to dispersion means 105 and face battle array photoelectricity
Detector 106 is demarcated.Spectral calibration information can include：1st row pixel of face battle array photoelectric detector 106 is corresponding
Wavelength, face battle array photoelectric detector 106 the corresponding spectral width angle value of the 1st row pixel and with the face battle array photoelectric detector
The changing value of the corresponding spectral width of increase of 106 pixel columns.Spectral calibration information can be stored in advance in microcontroller
In 107 memory, it is also possible to be input into real time by the input/output unit of microcontroller 107.
For example, the corresponding wavelength of the 1st row pixel of face battle array photoelectric detector 106 is 500nm, face battle array photoelectric detector 106
The corresponding spectral width angle value of the 1st row pixel be 2nm, with the face battle array photoelectric detector 106 pixel columns increase it is right
When the changing value of the spectral width answered is 0.1nm, λ0=500nm, λ1=502nm, λ2=504.1nm etc..
Now, then by the first decoding data X(A,B,N)Be converted to light spectrum image-forming data X(λ,B,N), that is, obtain the number of light spectrum image-forming
According to cube, wherein, λ represents spectral Dimensions, i.e., the Z-direction of the 3-D view shown in Fig. 3, and N is the X of the 3-D view shown in Fig. 3
Direction, B is the Y-direction of the 3-D view shown in Fig. 3.
Further, for the spectral resolution of the light spectrum image-forming data obtained by improving, the specific implementation of step S102
Mode can also be：
According to formula：X(A,B,N)=S-1·Y(A,B,N)Decoded first decoding data is obtained, wherein, X(A,B,N)Represent institute
The first decoding data is stated, S represents the matrix being made up of the corresponding N number of coded sequence of the Adama template 103, Y(A,B,N)Represent
The first coding data；
By each institute in the data of the third dimension of first decoding data and default multiple second coded sequences
The multiplication of the second coded sequence is stated, array corresponding with the second coded sequence each described is obtained；Wherein, multiple second coded sequences
Can be pre-stored within the memory of microcontroller 107.For example, multiple second coded sequences can circulate S according to using M ranks
Circular matrix is set, wherein, M is uncorrelated to N.
Each array to obtaining is sued for peace respectively, obtains the second coded data；
Second coded data decode according to the multiple second coded sequence and obtains the second decoding data
X′(A,B,N)；
According to formula：λa=λ0+ ka+w (a-1) is by the second decoding data X '(A,B,N)Be converted to light spectrum image-forming data
X′(λ,B,N), wherein, λaThe corresponding wavelength of a+1 row pixels of the face battle array photoelectric detector 106 is represented, a is the whole of 1 to A-1
Number, λ0The corresponding wavelength of the 1st row pixel of the default face battle array photoelectric detector 106 is represented, k represents the default face battle array
The corresponding spectral width angle value of 1st row pixel of photoelectric detector 106, w represents default with face battle array photoelectric detector 106
Pixel columns the corresponding spectral width of increase changing value.
It should be noted that when second coding circulates S circular matrixes using M ranks, compared to light spectrum image-forming data
X(λ,B,N), light spectrum image-forming data X '(λ,B,N)(M+1)/(2 × M is improve in spectral Dimensions sensitivity1/2) times.
In sum, compared to prior art, spectrum imaging system provided in an embodiment of the present invention 10 is by face battle array photoelectricity
Detector 106 and the cooperation of dispersion means 105, have greatly reduced the time loss of light spectrum image-forming data acquisition, can be more rapidly
Get the spectroscopic data cube of high spectral resolution, be conducive to actually used.
In addition, the embodiment of the present invention additionally provides a kind of imaging device including above-mentioned spectrum imaging system 10.Due to
Above-mentioned spectrum imaging system 10 is equipped with, the spectrum imaging device can be by the quick obtaining of spectrum imaging system 10 to bloom
The spectroscopic data cube of spectral resolution.For example, spectrum imaging device can be equipped with the spectrum imaging system 10 microscope,
Night vision device, remote sensing equipment, aircraft, satellite etc..
The preferred embodiments of the present invention are the foregoing is only, is not intended to limit the invention, for the skill of this area
For art personnel, the present invention can have various modifications and variations.It is all within the spirit and principles in the present invention, made any repair
Change, equivalent, improvement etc., should be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of spectrum imaging system, it is characterised in that including the first lens group, Adama template, the second lens group, dispersion dress
Put, face battle array photoelectric detector and microcontroller, first lens group, Adama template, the second lens group, dispersion means,
Face battle array photoelectric detector is set gradually, and the face battle array photoelectric detector is electrically connected with the microcontroller；
First lens group is used to collimating and focusing on the Adama template the first incident flashlight；
The Adama template is used under the driving of controlling organization first flashlight to inciding the Adama template
Carry out coding and form secondary signal light；
Second lens group is used for by the secondary signal light boil down to of the Adama template outgoing and face battle array
3rd flashlight of photoelectric detector matching；
The dispersion means are used for carrying out dispersion light-splitting processing shape by the 3rd flashlight of the second lens group outgoing
Into the 4th flashlight opened by wavelength dispersion；
The face battle array photoelectric detector is used to receive the 4th flashlight of the dispersion means outgoing, by the 4th signal
Light is converted into electric signal and sends to the microcontroller；
The microcontroller obtains imaging spectrometer data for processing the electric signal for receiving.
2. spectrum imaging system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the dispersion means include entrance slit, standard
Light microscopic, dispersion element and condenser, the 3rd flashlight of the second lens group outgoing incide the entrance slit,
The dispersion element is incided after the 3rd flashlight of the entrance slit is collimated through the quasi-optical mirror, through the color
The 4th flashlight is formed after dissipating element dispersion, the 4th flashlight is through the condenser by wavelength focus to face battle array
The surface of photoelectric detector.
3. spectrum imaging system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the Adama template is one-dimensional loop coding
Template, its sequence is generated by cyclic J-integral, and the one-dimensional loop coding template is used to carry out coding life to first flashlight
Into the secondary signal light.
4. spectrum imaging system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the face battle array photoelectric detector is face battle array gray scale
Photoelectric detector.
5. spectrum imaging system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the imaging spectrometer data includes three dimensions
Information, wherein, the pixel count of the first dimension is determined by the coding digit of the Adama template, the pixel count of the second dimension by
The pixel number of the first direction of the face battle array photoelectric detector determines that the unit number of third dimension is by face battle array photoelectric detector
Second direction pixel number determine.
6. spectrum imaging system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the spectral region of first flashlight includes
Ultraviolet any wave band to infrared band.
7. a kind of imaging device, it is characterised in that including the spectrum imaging system any one of claim 1-6.
8. a kind of data processing method, it is characterised in that run on the spectrum imaging system any one of claim 1-6
In microcontroller, methods described includes：
According to the electric signal for receiving, first coding data is obtained；
The first coding data decode according to default first coded sequence and obtains light spectrum image-forming data, wherein, institute
State the first coded sequence corresponding with the Adama template in the spectrum imaging system.
9. method according to claim 8, it is characterised in that the face battle array photoelectric detector in the spectrum imaging system is
The array photoelectric detector of A × B, the Adama template is the one-dimensional circulation template built using N rank S circular matrixes, described
The first coding data decode according to default first coded sequence and obtains the light spectrum image-forming data, including：
According to formula：X(A,B,N)=S-1·Y(A,B,N)Decoded first decoding data is obtained, wherein, X(A,B,N)Represent described
One decoding data, S represents the matrix being made up of the corresponding N number of coded sequence of the Adama template, Y(A,B,N)Represent described
One coded data；
According to formula：λa=λ0+ ka+w (a-1) is by the first decoding data X(A,B,N)Be converted to light spectrum image-forming data X(λ,B,N),
Wherein, λaThe corresponding wavelength of a+1 row pixels of the face battle array photoelectric detector is represented, a is the integer of 1 to A-1, λ0Represent pre-
If face battle array photoelectric detector the corresponding wavelength of the 1st row pixel, k represents the of default face battle array photoelectric detector
The corresponding spectral width angle value of 1 row pixel, w represents default as the increase of the pixel columns of face battle array photoelectric detector is corresponding
Spectral width changing value.
10. method according to claim 8, it is characterised in that the face battle array photoelectric detector in the spectrum imaging system
It is the array photoelectric detector of A × B, the Adama template is the one-dimensional circulation template built using N rank S circular matrixes, institute
State that the first coding data decode according to default first coded sequence and obtain the light spectrum image-forming data, including
According to formula：X(A,B,N)=S-1·Y(A,B,N)Decoded first decoding data is obtained, wherein, X(A,B,N)Represent described
One decoding data, S represents the matrix being made up of the corresponding N number of coded sequence of the Adama template, Y(A,B,N)Represent described
One coded data；
By in the data of the third dimension of first decoding data and default multiple second coded sequences each described
Two coded sequences are multiplied, and obtain array corresponding with the second coded sequence each described；
Each array to obtaining is sued for peace respectively, obtains the second coded data；
Second coded data decode according to the multiple second coded sequence and obtains the second decoding data；
According to formula：λa=λ0Second decoding data is converted to light spectrum image-forming data by+ka+w (a-1), wherein, λa
The corresponding wavelength of a+1 row pixels of the face battle array photoelectric detector is represented, a is the integer of 1 to A-1, λ0Represent default institute
The corresponding wavelength of the 1st row pixel of face battle array photoelectric detector is stated, k represents the 1st row picture of the default face battle array photoelectric detector
The corresponding spectral width angle value of unit, w represents the corresponding light of increase of the default pixel columns with face battle array photoelectric detector
The changing value of spectral width.
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| CN201610731258.8A CN106092319A (en) | 2016-08-26 | 2016-08-26 | Spectrum direct-reading type Hadamard Transform Spectroscopy imaging system design |
| CN2016107312588 | 2016-08-26 |
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| CN201720177360.8U Expired - Fee Related CN206531576U (en) | 2016-08-26 | 2017-02-24 | spectrum imaging system and imaging device |
| CN201710106369.4A Active CN106768336B (en) | 2016-08-26 | 2017-02-24 | Spectrum imaging system, imaging device and data processing method |
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| WO2020119681A1 (en) * | 2018-12-14 | 2020-06-18 | 深圳先进技术研究院 | Spectral imaging system and spectral imaging method |
| CN113108907A (en) * | 2021-03-01 | 2021-07-13 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | Ultraviolet spectrum imager with high flux, high signal-to-noise ratio and high sensitivity |
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| CN108024037B (en) * | 2017-11-28 | 2020-12-18 | 华中科技大学 | Hadamard matrix perception imaging system and imaging method thereof |
| CN107941696A (en) * | 2017-11-28 | 2018-04-20 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of cyclic J-integral imaging system and its imaging method |
| CN108267445A (en) * | 2018-01-08 | 2018-07-10 | 上海理工大学 | Three-dimensional two-photon mating plate is micro- and spectrum multi-modal imaging device and method |
| CN108955882B (en) * | 2018-07-10 | 2020-06-19 | 北京理工大学 | Three-dimensional data reconstruction method based on liquid crystal hyperspectral calculation imaging system |
| CN108955887B (en) * | 2018-07-10 | 2020-06-19 | 北京理工大学 | LCTF-based full-polarization hyperspectral compressive sensing imaging method |
| CN109186761B (en) * | 2018-09-14 | 2024-01-30 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | Calibration method and coding template of coding spectrum imaging system |
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| CN206531576U (en) | 2017-09-29 |
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