CN106768015B - A kind of Roof And Floor Stability self-operated measuring unit application method - Google Patents
A kind of Roof And Floor Stability self-operated measuring unit application method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106768015B CN106768015B CN201611034251.7A CN201611034251A CN106768015B CN 106768015 B CN106768015 B CN 106768015B CN 201611034251 A CN201611034251 A CN 201611034251A CN 106768015 B CN106768015 B CN 106768015B
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- top plate
- fixed link
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- prop
- pressure
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D21/00—Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
- G01D21/02—Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of Roof And Floor Stability self-operated measuring unit, including car body and it is removably attached to improvement individual prop thereon；The car body includes compartment board (1), the improvement individual prop is removably attached on the compartment board (1), and displacement measurement system, hydraulic metering system, top plate defect detecting system, operation machine (2) and storage tank (3) are additionally provided on the compartment board (1)；The improvement individual prop is connected with the displacement measurement system, the hydraulic metering system and the top plate defect detecting system respectively.Roof And Floor Stability self-operated measuring unit of the present invention recycles fluid injection, is whole fluid injection work service using existing emulsion；There is improvement individual prop on Roof And Floor Stability self-operated measuring unit, it is ensured that the operating distance of upper km does not all need worker and shoulders monomer, is greatly reduced workload and working strength；Storage tank can transport tens of jin of pressing mold and other measuring parts.
Description
Technical field
A kind of top the present invention relates to mining machinery, when the working face coal mining being particularly suitable under complex geological condition
Backplane stability self-operated measuring unit and application method.
Background technique
Stope support system is made of " bottom plate-bracket-top plate ", in mining influence and the advanced branch bulging of bracket (column)
Power effect lower plate is subjected to displacement, deforms or even destroys, and while roadway floor destroys, top plate is also destroyed, even
Roof fall accident occurs, the destruction of bottom plate can further influence the supporting effect of stope and tunnel, and bracket (column) may occur to bore bottom
Or inclination, effective support force of bracket (column) significantly reduce, the amount of crushing increases, and directly absciss layer occurs for top, or even emits
Useful event, and may cause underground water redistribution, cause the generation of water inrush accident.Therefore stope support system pacifies coal mine
Standard-sized sheet, which is adopted, to play a significant role.
Therefore, it is the practical supporting capacity for guaranteeing prop, the bearer properties of research of coal seam floor is needed for bottom plate, are obtained
The rigidity and floor pressure ratio Air holder of bottom plate out is needed for bracket it needs to be determined that can hydraulic support meet site requirement for bottom plate
Scientific and reasonable planted agent guarantees that foolrstiffness and exploitation require, and so just can guarantee stope advance support system bearing safety.
Floor pressure ratio Air holder test is to carry out anti-injection test to seat earth, is analyzed by data, calculates bottom plate ratio
Press parameter.In advance support section, if the bottom plate of bearing advanced hydraulic support is weak bottom plate, bracket specific contact pressure value is greater than bottom
When plate tolerating ratio pressure value, bracket base may fall into bottom plate, cause bracket that cannot reach enough Support Resistances, domestic at present
The instrument for carrying out floor pressure ratio Air holder test mainly has impact type floor pressure ratio Air holder instrument and static pressure type floor pressure ratio Air holder instrument, impact type floor pressure ratio Air holder
Instrument is suitble to measure the floor pressure ratio Air holder compared with hard formation bottom plate, and instrument precision is not high, and is served only for measurement pressing mold compression distance one
Determine the floor pressure ratio Air holder in range, measurement range is smaller, for improper in the case of this paper；Static pressure type floor pressure ratio Air holder instrument is suitble to measure
Compared with the floor pressure ratio Air holder of incompetent bed bottom plate, instrument precision is higher, but worker is needed to shoulder external poured individual prop, but this hair
Bright is the test for whole roadway floor than pressure, and main difficulty has: whole tunnel is up to more than 2000 meters, the basic nothing of hydraulic power unit
Method provides in so long distance for individual prop hydraulic；Second, if required supplementation with a large amount of hydraulic using hydraulic hand-pump
Emulsion；The so long distance of third, it is also necessary to the pressing mold of different-thickness is carried, in total plus four or five ten jin together, worker's work
Intensity is very big；4th, long range measurements need to replace pressing mold, the work of measurement at any time according to the pressing mold intrusion measured at that time
It measures too greatly, record work is many and diverse；5th, traditional measurement work does not consider a possibility that top plate damages by pressure, because special thick
In coal seam, back is coal, then many tests are to need to consider that top plate indentation reduced pressure test bring influences.
Drift stability mainly includes top plate and bottom plate, and traditional test is such as only simply surveyed with respect in a certain respect
Part anchor-holding force of anchor bolt, or a small amount of floor pressure ratio Air holder value of test are measured, the stability in whole tunnel is replaced with this, in complex surrounding rock
In the case of, this mode be it is very not rigorous, especially the measurement point of top plate and bottom plate often and disunity, for drift section
The measurement of overall stability with evaluation be it is very unscientific, substantially in complex surrounding rock, drift section changing value is one
A very important parameter, but how quickly, largely, accurately measures the section of measuring point and profile is the problem of being difficult.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is directed under the conditions of weak bottom plate, due to working face mining influence and advanced bearing
The influence of pressure increases a possibility that empty crossheading top plate occurs to sink, pucking occurs for bottom plate, especially weak foolrstiffness
Low, bracket, which is easy to happen, to be bored bottom and even tilts, the unstable problem of stope support system and a kind of Roof And Floor Stability for researching and developing
Self-operated measuring unit and application method.
A kind of Roof And Floor Stability self-operated measuring unit including car body and is removably attached to improvement monomer branch thereon
Column；
The car body includes compartment board, and the improvement individual prop is removably attached on the compartment board, described
Operation machine and storage tank are additionally provided on compartment board, and be connected with the operation machine displacement measurement system, hydraulic metering system
System and top plate defect detecting system；The improvement individual prop respectively with the displacement measurement system, the hydraulic metering system
It is connected with the top plate defect detecting system；
The individual prop that improves is made of inner prop and the column jacket being set in outside the inner prop, and the column jacket is closed at one end
Hollow structure, hollow space is oil pocket, the inner prop be structure closed at both ends, one end is provided with top plate baffle, the other end
It is provided with sealing plate, the non-close end sealed connection of the sealing plate and the column jacket can be along the inner wall freedom of the column jacket
Sliding；
The top plate defect detecting system includes radar top plate survey meter, the first fixed link, the second fixed link, signal data
Line and radar top plate survey meter host, the first fixed link are cylindrical body, first fixed link one end and the fixed company of the inner prop
It connects, the first fixed link other end is fixedly connected with the described second fixed rod outer surface, and second fixed link is hollow circle
Cylinder, second fixed link are that top is connect with radar top plate survey meter bottom surface the center point, the radar top plate detection
Instrument is the intermediate cylindrical body for having cavity, is communicated inside internal cavity and second fixed link, the radar top plate survey meter master
Machine is fixed on the compartment board, and the radar top plate survey meter host and the radar top plate survey meter pass through signal data line
Connection, the radar top plate survey meter and operation machine communication connection；
Roof And Floor Stability self-operated measuring unit of the present invention, wherein first fixed link and inner prop fixed point
Apart from interior top end 250mm, first fixed link is cylindrical body, and long 400mm, diameter 8mm are with the inner prop angle
60 °, material be high strength elastic steel, second fixed link with improve individual prop it is parallel, first fixed link upper end and
The second fixed club shaft outer surface is welded and fixed, and is welded and fixed apart from second fixed link lower end 10mm, and described the
Two fixed links are hollow cylinder, and outer diameter 30mm, internal diameter 22mm, long 60mm, material is high-intensity resin, second fixed link
Effect is support radar top plate survey meter and protection signal data line；Radar top plate survey meter is the intermediate cylindrical body for having cavity,
Material is high strength plastic, and yield strength is greater than 600MPa, and cylindrical body top and bottom are circle, and cylinder radius 200mm is high
40mm, cavity radius 180mm, high 20mm, cavity upper surface is with a thickness of 5mm, and cavity upper surface is with a thickness of 15mm, the cylindrical body center of circle
It is overlapped with the cavity center of circle, the second fixed link is overlapped with the radar top plate survey meter center of circle and communicates with cavity, and antenna is stored in cavity
Array；
Roof And Floor Stability self-operated measuring unit of the present invention, wherein the displacement measurement system include fixed point,
Displacement data line and measurement table, the fixed point are fixed on the inner prop, and the measurement table is fixed on the column jacket, described
Displacement data line connects the fixed point and the measurement table, the displacement data line and the axis side for improving individual prop
To consistent.
Roof And Floor Stability self-operated measuring unit of the present invention, wherein be provided on the column jacket liquid injection port and
Tap hole, the hydraulic metering system include hand-hydraulic case, and pressure rod is provided on the hand-hydraulic case, described manual
Hydraulic fluid tank is connect by high pressure liquid injection pipe with the liquid injection port, is connect by emulsion recovery tube with the tap hole, described
Pressure sensor is provided at liquid injection port, the operation machine is connected with the measurement table and the pressure sensor respectively.
Roof And Floor Stability self-operated measuring unit of the present invention, wherein the car body is additionally provided with handrail and wheel body,
The wheel body includes two main wheels and an accessory whorl, and the middle rear side of the compartment board lower part is arranged in described two main wheels, described
The lower section of the compartment front edge of board is arranged in accessory whorl, when described two main wheels and an accessory whorl when being contacted with ground, the vehicle
The front end of carriage tilts down, and the angle between the compartment board and horizontal plane is 11.3 °.
Roof And Floor Stability self-operated measuring unit of the present invention, wherein the storage tank is to be arranged in the compartment
A groove on plate, is provided with the pressing mold of multiple and different specifications in the storage tank；
It is equipped with rubber pad on the compartment board of the lower part for improving individual prop, in the length of the rubber pad
The two sides in direction are provided with multiple limit Katos, and the improvement individual prop is placed in multiple limit Katos, the behaviour
It is removably attached on the compartment board as machine.
Roof And Floor Stability self-operated measuring unit of the present invention, wherein the tap hole and the top plate baffle it
Between distance be greater than the distance between the liquid injection port and the top plate baffle, and the tap hole and the liquid injection port are opposite
It is arranged on the column jacket.
Roof And Floor Stability self-operated measuring unit of the present invention, wherein the diameter of the main wheel is 1m-1.2m, institute
The diameter for stating accessory whorl is 100mm-150mm, and the horizontal distance between the center of the accessory whorl and the center of circle of the main wheel is 1m；
The inner prop and column jacket are cylinder, the outer column length be 2.2m, outer diameter 180mm, internal diameter 148mm,
The interior column length is 1.8m, and diameter 140mm, the oil pocket length is 0.6m-2m, diameter 148mm；The improvement monomer
Strut lengths are 2.4m-3.8m.
Roof And Floor Stability self-operated measuring unit of the present invention, wherein the top plate baffle is square, and side length is
350-400mm, with a thickness of 10-12mm, material is steel or iron；The displacement data line is finer wire line, diameter 0.3mm-
0.6mm；
The pressing mold is totally five kinds of a, b, c, d, e, and diameter is respectively 50mm, 90mm, 120mm, 160mm and 200mm, thickness
Respectively 50mm, 40mm, 30mm, 20mm and 10mm.
It is a kind of that the whole tunnel difference of field measurement is carried out using Roof And Floor Stability self-operated measuring unit of the present invention
The method of place floor pressure ratio Air holder, includes the following steps:
Step 1: arrangement measuring point: the smooth tunnel region of landform arranges that a measuring point, terrain slope are greater than 8 ° every 10m
Or in the tunnel of 20m length, a measuring point is arranged every 5m in the region of any two high lower difference 500mm；
Step 2: measurement: using Roof And Floor Stability self-operated measuring unit, push it to first measuring point, first clean
Bottom plate will improve individual prop righting, keep vertical state, and bottom plate has to contact completely,
The valve on high pressure liquid injection pipe is opened, will improve individual prop pressurization is deformed into top plate baffle top no longer to top plate
Preferably, pressing operations machine carries out digital number to measurement place, then presses clear key, so that displacement and pressure is set to zero, then be arranged
Pressing mold classification, each all corresponds to displacement varying thresholds；When displacement is more than corresponding threshold value, that is, illustrate that variable quantity is excessive, i.e.,
Pressing mold is improper, and operation chance is displayed in red indicator light prompting, at this moment needs to change the bigger pressing mold of diameter, until without red
When indicator light lights, illustrate that pressing mold is available；By start button, the valve on high pressure liquid injection pipe is opened simultaneously, on operation machine screen
It can see pressure and displacement curve figure, when pressure value reaches extreme value and drops to the 1/3~1/2 of extreme value, measurement work is complete
At, stopping fluid injection, but when pressure value does not occur extreme value or extreme value occurs but pressure value has not degraded the 1/3~1/2 of extreme value
When, displacement just alreadys exceed corresponding threshold value, that is, illustrates that variable quantity is excessive, i.e. pressing mold diameter is still less than normal, and operation chance is shown
Red indicating light is reminded, and the bigger pressing mold of diameter is at this moment needed to change, until illustrating that pressing mold can when lighting without red indicating light
With data are useful；
The spin button of tap hole is rotated, emulsion is released, inner prop sinks under the effect of gravity, when improvement individual prop top
When end is apart from back 50mm-150mm, the spin button of tap hole is reversely rotated, closes tap hole, while falling and improving list
On pillar body to car body, and transport next measuring point；
In measurement process, pressure sensor in liquid injection port oil pressure data line by pressure value in the form of electronic signal
It is input to operation machine；There is single-chip microcontroller in measurement table, change in displacement data are transferred in operation machine in the form of electronic signal, work as hand
When the pressure of hydrodynamic pressure case is inadequate, using manual ftercompction, pressurization is uniform.
Step 3: top plate defect detecting system: when reaching a certain measuring point, slowly propping up the improvement individual prop, infuse
Meaning can not allow anchor net and roofbolt anchor cable etc. to scrape the radar top plate survey meter, the first fixed link, the second fixed link and letter
Number line, the design of the first fixed link and the second fixed link make the radar top plate survey meter upper surface than the top plate baffle
The high 28-30mm in upper surface can make the radar top plate survey meter to top under first fixed link, the effect of the second fixed link
Plate fractured coal and rock has a good squeezing action, avoids because crushing voerhead coal is mistake caused by measurement；
The top plate defect detecting system testing time is after floor pressure ratio Air holder value is tested, according to measurement point location, such as
Fruit measurement point opens top plate defect detecting system within working face 80m on operation machine, selects empty detection mode,
Within working face 80m, top plate is influenced measurement point by lead abutment pressure, and old top is formed above working face and above tunnel
Masonry girder construction can form certain cavity above top plate, and the size and structure change rule in detailed analysis cavity are to tunnel
Roof stability analysis has important result；Emit frequency electromagnetic waves, electromagnetic wave is encountered in top plate Propagation in the presence of electricity
It is reflected when the interface of sex differernce, according to features such as the waveform of the electromagnetic wave received, oscillator intensity and the variations of time
Infer the spatial position of top plate medium and the quantization parameter value of empty size, and record data, operation machine automatically will be more within 80m
The quantization parameter value of the empty size of a measurement point is fitted analysis, and point maximum to quantization parameter value carries out early warning, at this moment
With manual analysis parameter value, the size in cavity and the design parameter of spatial position can be obtained；If measurement point is apart from working face 80m
In addition, top plate defect detecting system being opened on operation machine and selecting density detection mode, top plate is moved towards lead abutment pressure
Very little is influenced, the rock of the measurement of top coal thickness value, the above 0-10m of top plate is at this time concentrated mainly on to the stability measurement of top plate
The qualitative comparison of compactness and top plate are detected, under density detection mode with the presence or absence of cavity with the presence or absence of roof fall danger
Wave frequency is higher than empty detection mode frequency；
At finally to the quantization parameter value of the detection data along whole tunnel trend of formation through overwriting, storage and computer
Reason, carries out the fitting of curve on well with software matable, the full curve derivation to formation, according to long-term field experience, no
How to be set by quantization parameter value, when derivative value is greater than 0.92 or more, all show empty variation abnormality region, has roof fall dangerous
Or old power station occurs, detection and hidden troubles removing will be reinforced to this region；
Step 4: the operation machine is according to data, for either party parameter value of top plate and bottom plate lower than secure threshold with
Under will mark red and alarm, secure threshold is mainly set according to the safety value that measures under conditions of similarity, and device uses for the first time
When can not set, data can store, can be discussed on well solution and Scheme of Strengthening.
Guarantee the method difference from prior art of stope support system bearing safety under the conditions of weakness bottom plate of the invention
It is, has the advantages that
1, Roof And Floor Stability self-operated measuring unit is researched and developed, fluid injection is recycled, is whole fluid injection work using existing emulsion
It services；
2, there is improvement individual prop on Roof And Floor Stability self-operated measuring unit, it is ensured that the operating distance of upper km is all
It does not need worker and shoulders monomer, be greatly reduced workload and working strength；
3, there is storage tank on Roof And Floor Stability self-operated measuring unit, tens of jin pressing mold and other measurement portions can be transported
Part；
4, Roof And Floor Stability self-operated measuring unit, can be different according to pressing mold label, have different displacement threshold values, no
Need it is artificial judge whether pressing mold fully enters bottom plate and whether need replacing pressing mold, whole full-automatic measurement, significantly
Measuring accuracy is improved, workload is reduced；
5, improving individual prop top plate has increasing top plate baffle, it is ensured that measurement result is not influenced by top plate, and it is quasi- to improve measurement
True property；
A kind of Roof And Floor Stability self-operated measuring unit of the invention is described further with reference to the accompanying drawing.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of Roof And Floor Stability self-operated measuring unit of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the top view of Fig. 1；
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram that individual prop is improved in Roof And Floor Stability self-operated measuring unit of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the part-structure signal of top plate defect detecting system in Roof And Floor Stability self-operated measuring unit of the present invention
Figure.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
As Figure 1-Figure 4, a kind of Roof And Floor Stability self-operated measuring unit, including car body and it is removably attached to it
On improvement individual prop；
Car body includes compartment board 1, improves individual prop and is removably attached on compartment board 1, also sets up on compartment board 1
There are operation machine 2 and storage tank 3, and the displacement measurement system, hydraulic metering system and the top plate defects detection that are connected with operation machine 2
System；Individual prop is improved to be connected with displacement measurement system, hydraulic metering system and top plate defect detecting system respectively；
It improves individual prop to be made of inner prop 4 and the column jacket 5 being set in outside inner prop 4, column jacket 5 is hollow knot closed at one end
Structure, hollow space are oil pocket 6, and inner prop 4 is structure closed at both ends, and one end is provided with top plate baffle 7, and the other end is provided with sealing
The non-close end of plate 8, sealing plate and column jacket 5 is tightly connected, can along column jacket 5 inner wall it is free to slide；
Top plate defect detecting system includes radar top plate survey meter 22, the first fixed link 23, the second fixed link 24, signal number
According to line 25 and radar top plate survey meter host 26, the first fixed link 23 is cylindrical body, and 23 one end of the first fixed link and inner prop 4 are fixed
Connection, 23 other end of the first fixed link are fixedly connected with 24 outer surface of the second fixed link, and the second fixed link 24 is hollow cylinder,
Second fixed link 24 is that top is connect with 22 bottom surface the center point of radar top plate survey meter, and radar top plate survey meter 22 is that centre has chamber
It is communicated inside the cylindrical body of body, internal cavity and the second fixed link 24, radar top plate survey meter host 26 is fixed on compartment board 1
On, radar top plate survey meter host 26 and radar top plate survey meter 22 are connected by signal data line 25, radar top plate survey meter
22 and operation 2 communication connection of machine；
On the basis of above technical scheme, the following are optimal technical schemes:
Displacement measurement system includes fixed point 9, displacement data line 11 and measurement table 10, and fixed point 9 is fixed on inner prop 4,
Measurement table 10 is fixed on column jacket 5, and displacement data line 11 is connected and fixed a little 9 and measurement table 10, displacement data line 11 and is improved single
The axis direction of pillar body is consistent；
Liquid injection port 12 and tap hole 13 are provided on column jacket 5, hydraulic metering system includes hand-hydraulic case 14, manual
Pressure rod 15 is provided on hydraulic fluid tank 14, hand-hydraulic case 14 is connect by high pressure liquid injection pipe 16 with liquid injection port 12, and emulsification is passed through
Liquid recovery tube 17 is connect with tap hole 13, is provided with pressure sensor at liquid injection port 12, operation machine 2 respectively with measurement table 10
It is connected with pressure sensor.The distance between tap hole 13 and top plate baffle 7 be greater than between liquid injection port 12 and top plate baffle 7 away from
From, and tap hole 13 and liquid injection port 12 are oppositely arranged on column jacket 5.The efficiency in hydraulic metering system tunnel whole for measurement
It greatly improves, does not need again artificial emulsion of shouldering and supplement, worker's workload substantially reduces；Add on hand-hydraulic case 14
Compression bar 15 can increase pressure for hand-hydraulic case 14, open the valve on high pressure liquid injection pipe 16, can be improvement individual prop
Fluid injection improves individual prop under the action of high-pressure emulsion, rises inner prop 4 and measures work；When rotation tap hole 13 is pressed
When button, emulsion release inside individual prop is improved, hand-hydraulic case 14 is flowed by emulsion recovery tube 17；And then circulation industrial
Make.Liquid injection port 12 is close to 14 side of hand-hydraulic case, and tap hole 13 is in 12 opposite side of liquid injection port, liquid injection port 12 and improvement monomer branch
The distance of top end is less than tap hole 13 and improves at a distance from individual prop top, is primarily due to stand when improvement individual prop
When work, such design can shorten the distance of pipeline and route；Liquid injection port 12 and tap hole 13 are improving individual prop
Two sides when being to be placed on car, will not be expressed to pipeline and route.
Car body is additionally provided with handrail 18 and wheel body, and wheel body includes two main wheels 19 and an accessory whorl 20, and two main wheels 19 are set
The middle rear side in 1 lower part of compartment board is set, the lower section of 1 front end of compartment board is arranged in accessory whorl 20, when two main wheels 19 and an accessory whorl
20 when being contacted with ground, and the front end of compartment board 1 tilts down, and the angle between compartment board 1 and horizontal plane is 11.3 °.
Storage tank 3 is a groove being arranged on compartment board 1, and the pressure of multiple and different specifications is provided in storage tank 3
Mould；
It is equipped with rubber pad on the compartment board 1 of lower part for improving individual prop, can guarantee increasing friction force in this way, keep away
Exempt from unnecessary shaking, the two sides of the length direction of rubber pad are provided with multiple limit Katos 21, improves individual prop and places
In multiple limit Katos 21, it is ensured that improve and be just stuck when column jacket 5 has just contacted plate in individual prop, will not shake
Dynamic, operation machine 2 is removably secured (for example fixing using velcro) on compartment board 1.
The diameter of main wheel 19 is 1m-1.2m, needs curved waist, long range measurements to will cause worker's division lower than 1m worker's cart
Situations such as Fu is excessively tired, while underground backplate surface is uneven, gully, muddy water is more, and wheel is too small to be blocked.Wheel diameter is too
Greatly, not easy to operate in the narrow tunnel in underground, meanwhile, diameter causes greatly vehicle body excessively high very much, improve individual prop righting when not
It is convenient, it be easy to cause landing to impact, it is all dangerous to route, pipeline and master worker.
The diameter of accessory whorl 20 is 100mm-150mm, and the horizontal distance between the center of accessory whorl 20 and the center of circle of main wheel 19 is
1m；When car body level, the vertical range on accessory whorl 20 and ground is 200mm, and 20 main function of accessory whorl is that improvement individual prop is vertical
The balance that nearly 11.3 ° of car body are maintained when work guarantees that hand-hydraulic case 14 and operation machine 2 work normally, while this angle
Also it can guarantee to improve when monomer supporting goes to vertical working condition by lying status and big collision and impact will not occur with ground.
Inner prop 4 and column jacket 5 are cylinder, and 5 length of column jacket is 2.2m, outer diameter 180mm, internal diameter 148mm, inner prop 4
Length is 1.8m, and diameter 140mm, 6 length of oil pocket is 0.6m-2m, diameter 148mm；Improvement individual prop length is 2.4m-
3.8m.Improving individual prop maximum height can satisfy the requirement of most areas in detection tunnel, for seldom deforming play
It is strong that region of the head-room lower than 2.8m is caused not considered.
Top plate baffle 7 is square, side length 350-400mm, and with a thickness of 10-12mm, material is steel or iron, main purpose
To increase and top board surface product, reduction pressure.Very big or when floor rock is very rigid in bottom stamper surface area, having very much can
4 top-surface area of energy inner prop is too small to cause back that broken equal " mutation " occurs, and " mutation " will result in monitoring curve and turn
Point can allow staff to be mistaken for floor pressure ratio Air holder testing result, therefore top plate baffle 7 increases and top board surface product, it is ensured that survey
Amount result is not influenced by top plate, improves measurement accuracy.
Displacement data line 11 be finer wire line, diameter 0.3mm-0.6mm, ductility is extremely low, i.e., will not because of stress and
Extend.Displacement line can be stretched from measurement table, can also be shunk with individual prop contraction is improved；Pressing mold be a, b, c, d,
Totally five kinds of e, diameter is respectively 50mm, 90mm, 120mm, 160mm and 200mm, thickness be respectively 50mm, 40mm, 30mm,
20mm and 10mm.
The design of all sizes should be preferred embodiment, not be the limitation to overall technical architecture.
Embodiment 2
It is a kind of that the whole tunnel different location of field measurement is carried out using Roof And Floor Stability self-operated measuring unit of the invention
The method of floor pressure ratio Air holder, includes the following steps:
Step 1: arrangement measuring point: the smooth tunnel region of landform arranges that a measuring point, terrain slope are greater than 8 ° every 10m
Or in 20m length, a measuring point is arranged every 5m in the region of any high lower difference 500mm in tunnel；
Step 2: measurement: using Roof And Floor Stability self-operated measuring unit, push it to first measuring point, first clean
Bottom plate will improve individual prop righting, keep vertical state, and bottom plate has to contact completely,
The valve on high pressure liquid injection pipe 16 is opened, will improve individual prop pressurization becomes the top of top plate baffle 7 no longer to top plate
Shape is advisable, and 2 pairs of measurement places of pressing operations machine carry out digital numbers, then press clear key, and displacement and pressure is made to be set to zero, then
Pressing mold classification is set, each all corresponds to displacement varying thresholds；When displacement is more than corresponding threshold value, that is, illustrate variable quantity mistake
Greatly, i.e., pressing mold is improper, and operation machine 2 can be displayed in red indicator light prompting, the bigger pressing mold of diameter is at this moment needed to change, until not having
When thering is red indicating light to light, illustrate that pressing mold is available；By start button, the valve on high pressure liquid injection pipe 16 is opened simultaneously, is being operated
It can be seen that pressure and displacement curve figure are surveyed when pressure value reaches extreme value and drops to the 1/3~1/2 of extreme value on 2 screen of machine
It measures work to complete, stops fluid injection, but when pressure value does not occur extreme value or extreme value occurs but pressure value has not degraded extreme value
When 1/3~1/2, displacement just alreadys exceed corresponding threshold value, that is, illustrates that variable quantity is excessive, i.e. pressing mold diameter is still less than normal, operation
Chance is displayed in red indicator light prompting, at this moment needs to change the bigger pressing mold of diameter, until saying when lighting without red indicating light
Bright pressing mold is available, and data are useful；
The spin button of tap hole 13 is rotated, emulsion is released, inner prop 4 sinks under the effect of gravity, when improvement monomer branch
When top end is apart from back 50mm-150mm, the spin button of tap hole 13 is reversely rotated, tap hole 13 is closed, puts simultaneously
It improves on individual prop to car body, and transports next measuring point；
In measurement process, the pressure sensor in liquid injection port 12 passes through oil pressure data line for pressure value with the shape of electronic signal
Formula is input to operation machine 2；There is single-chip microcontroller in measurement table 10, change in displacement data are transferred to operation machine 2 in the form of electronic signal
In, when the pressure of hand-hydraulic case 14 is inadequate, using manual ftercompction, pressurization is uniform；
Step 3: top plate defect detecting system: when reaching a certain measuring point, slowly propping up the improvement individual prop, infuse
Meaning can not allow anchor net and roofbolt anchor cable etc. to scrape the radar top plate survey meter 22, the first fixed link 23, the second fixed link
24 and signal data line 25, the design of the first fixed link 23 and the second fixed link 24 make 22 upper surface of radar top plate survey meter
It is 28-30mm higher than 7 upper surface of top plate baffle, it can make under first fixed link 23, the effect of the second fixed link 24 described
Radar top plate survey meter 22 has a good squeezing action to roof cracking coal and rock, avoids and makes because of crushing voerhead coal to measurement
At mistake；
The top plate defect detecting system testing time is after floor pressure ratio Air holder value is tested, according to measurement point location, such as
Fruit measurement point opens top plate defect detecting system on operation machine 2, selects empty detection mode within working face 80m,
Within working face 80m, top plate is influenced measurement point by lead abutment pressure, and old top is formed above working face and above tunnel
Masonry girder construction can form certain cavity above top plate, and the size and structure change rule in detailed analysis cavity are to tunnel
Roof stability analysis has important result；Emit frequency electromagnetic waves, electromagnetic wave is encountered in top plate Propagation in the presence of electricity
It is reflected when the interface of sex differernce, according to features such as the waveform of the electromagnetic wave received, oscillator intensity and the variations of time
Infer the spatial position of top plate medium and the quantization parameter value of empty size, and record data, operation machine 2 automatically will be within 80m
The quantization parameter value of the empty size of multiple measurement points is fitted analysis, and point maximum to quantization parameter value carries out early warning, this
When can with manual analysis parameter value, obtain cavity size and spatial position design parameter；If measurement point is apart from working face
Other than 80m, top plate defect detecting system is opened on operation machine 2 and selects density detection mode, top plate is by the advanced bearing of trend
Pressure influence very little is at this time concentrated mainly on the measurement of top coal thickness value, the top plate above 0-10m to the stability measurement of top plate
The qualitative comparison of rock compactness and top plate are detected, density detection mould with the presence or absence of cavity with the presence or absence of roof fall danger
Wave frequency is higher than empty detection mode frequency under formula.
At finally to the quantization parameter value of the detection data along whole tunnel trend of formation through overwriting, storage and computer
Reason, carries out the fitting of curve on well with software matable, the full curve derivation to formation, according to long-term field experience, no
How to be set by quantization parameter value, when derivative value is greater than 0.92 or more, all show empty variation abnormality region, has roof fall dangerous
Or old power station occurs, detection and hidden troubles removing will be reinforced to this region；
Step 4: the operation machine 2 is according to data, for either party parameter value of top plate and bottom plate lower than secure threshold with
Under will mark red and alarm, secure threshold is mainly set according to the safety value that measures under conditions of similarity, and device uses for the first time
When can not set, data can store, can be discussed on well solution and Scheme of Strengthening.
Embodiment described above only describe the preferred embodiments of the invention, not to model of the invention
It encloses and is defined, without departing from the spirit of the design of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are to technical side of the invention
The various changes and improvements that case is made should all be fallen into the protection scope that claims of the present invention determines.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of carry out the whole tunnel different location floor pressure ratio Air holder of field measurement using Roof And Floor Stability self-operated measuring unit
Method, characterized by the following steps:
Step 1: arrangement measuring point: the smooth tunnel region of landform every 10m arrange a measuring point, terrain slope be greater than 8 ° or
In the distance of 20m long, a measuring point is arranged every 5m in the region that 500mm is differed at any height；
Step 2: measurement: Roof And Floor Stability self-operated measuring unit is used, first measuring point is pushed it to, first cleans bottom plate,
Individual prop righting will be improved, keeps vertical state, it is complete that bottom plate has to contact；
The valve on high pressure liquid injection pipe (16) is opened, will improve individual prop pressurization becomes top plate baffle (7) top no longer to top plate
Shape, pressing operations machine (2) carries out digital number to measurement place, then presses clear key, so that displacement and pressure is set to zero, then set
Pressing mold classification is set, each all corresponds to displacement varying thresholds；When displacement is more than corresponding threshold value, that is, illustrate that variable quantity is excessive,
I.e. pressing mold is improper, and operation machine (2) can be displayed in red indicator light prompting, the bigger pressing mold of diameter is at this moment needed to change, until not having
When thering is red indicating light to light, illustrate that pressing mold is available；By start button, the valve on high pressure liquid injection pipe (16) is opened simultaneously, is being grasped
Make to see pressure and displacement curve figure on machine (2) screen, when pressure value reaches extreme value and drops to the 1/3~1/2 of extreme value, survey
It measures work to complete, stops fluid injection, but when pressure value does not occur extreme value or extreme value occurs but pressure value has not degraded extreme value
When 1/3~1/2, displacement just alreadys exceed corresponding threshold value, that is, illustrates that variable quantity is excessive, i.e. pressing mold diameter is still less than normal, operation
Chance is displayed in red indicator light prompting, at this moment needs to change the bigger pressing mold of diameter, until saying when lighting without red indicating light
Bright pressing mold is available, and data are useful；
The spin button of tap hole (13) is rotated, emulsion is released, inner prop (4) sinks under the effect of gravity, when improvement monomer branch
When top end is apart from back 50mm-150mm, the spin button of tap hole (13) is reversely rotated, is closed tap hole (13), together
When fell and improved on individual prop to car body, and transport next measuring point；
In measurement process, pressure sensor in liquid injection port (12) oil pressure data line by pressure value in the form of electronic signal
It is input to operation machine (2)；There is single-chip microcontroller in measurement table (10), change in displacement data are transferred to operation machine in the form of electronic signal
(2) inner, when the pressure of hand-hydraulic case (14) is inadequate, using manual ftercompction, pressurization is uniform；
The Roof And Floor Stability self-operated measuring unit includes car body and is removably attached to improvement individual prop thereon；
The car body includes compartment board (1), and the improvement individual prop is removably attached on the compartment board (1), in institute
It states and is additionally provided with operation machine (2) and storage tank (3) on compartment board (1), and the displacement measurement system being connected with the operation machine (2)
System, hydraulic metering system and top plate defect detecting system；The improvement individual prop respectively with the displacement measurement system, described
Hydraulic metering system is connected with the top plate defect detecting system；
The improvement individual prop is by inner prop (4) and is set in the column jacket (5) of the inner prop (4) outside and constitutes, and the column jacket (5) is
Hollow structure closed at one end, hollow space are oil pocket (6), and the inner prop (4) is structure closed at both ends, and one end is provided with top
Plate baffle (7), the other end are provided with sealing plate (8), and the non-close end of the sealing plate and the column jacket (5) is tightly connected, energy
Enough inner walls along the column jacket (5) are free to slide；
The top plate defect detecting system include radar top plate survey meter (22), the first fixed link (23), the second fixed link (24),
Signal data line (25) and radar top plate survey meter host (26), the first fixed link (23) are cylindrical body, first fixed link
(23) one end is fixedly connected with the inner prop (4), and the first fixed link (23) other end and second fixed link (24) are outside
Surface is fixedly connected, and second fixed link (24) is hollow cylinder, and second fixed link (24) is top and the thunder
It is connected up to top plate survey meter (22) bottom surface the center point, the radar top plate survey meter (22) is the intermediate cylindrical body for having cavity, interior
It is communicated inside portion's cavity and second fixed link (24), the radar top plate survey meter host (26) is fixed on the compartment board
(1) on, the radar top plate survey meter host (26) and the radar top plate survey meter (22) are connected by signal data line (25)
It connects, the radar top plate survey meter (22) and operation machine (2) communication connection；
Step 3: top plate defect detecting system: when reaching a certain measuring point, slowly propping up the improvement individual prop, pay attention to not
Anchor net and roofbolt anchor cable can be allowed to scrape the radar top plate survey meter (22), the first fixed link (23), the second fixed link
(24) and signal data line (25), the design of the first fixed link (23) and the second fixed link (24) make the radar top plate survey meter
(22) upper surface is 28-30mm higher than top plate baffle (7) upper surface, in first fixed link (23), the second fixed link
(24) the radar top plate survey meter (22) can be made to have a good squeezing action to roof cracking coal and rock under acting on, avoided
Because crushing voerhead coal is mistake caused by measurement；
The top plate defect detecting system testing time is after floor pressure ratio Air holder value is tested, according to measurement point location, if surveyed
Amount point opens top plate defect detecting system in operation machine (2), selects empty detection mode, surveying within working face 80m
Within working face 80m, top plate is influenced amount point by lead abutment pressure, and above the working face and old top in tunnel top forms and builds
Body girder construction, can form certain cavity above top plate, and the size and structure change rule in detailed analysis cavity push up tunnel
Plate stability analysis has important result；Emit frequency electromagnetic waves, electromagnetic wave is encountered in top plate Propagation in the presence of electrically
It reflects when the interface of difference, is inferred according to the waveform of the electromagnetic wave received, oscillator intensity and the variation characteristic of time
The quantization parameter value of the spatial position of top plate medium and empty size, and data are recorded, operation machine (2) automatically will be more within 80m
The quantization parameter value of the empty size of a measurement point is fitted analysis, and point maximum to quantization parameter value carries out early warning, at this moment
Manual analysis parameter value obtains the size in cavity and the design parameter of spatial position；If measurement point apart from working face 80m with
Outside, top plate defect detecting system being opened in operation machine (2) and selecting density detection mode, top plate is moved towards lead abutment pressure
Very little is influenced, the rock of the measurement of top coal thickness value, the above 0-10m of top plate is at this time concentrated mainly on to the stability measurement of top plate
The qualitative comparison of compactness and top plate are detected, under density detection mode with the presence or absence of cavity with the presence or absence of roof fall danger
Wave frequency is higher than empty detection mode frequency；
Finally the quantization parameter value of the detection data along whole tunnel trend of formation is handled through overwriting, storage and computer,
The fitting for carrying out curve with software matable on well, the full curve derivation to formation, when derivative value is greater than 0.92 or more
When, all show empty variation abnormality region, have roof fall dangerous or old power station occurs, detection and hidden will be reinforced to this region
Suffer from investigation；
Step 4: the operation machine (2) is according to data, for top plate and bottom plate either party parameter value lower than below secure threshold
Will mark red and alarm, secure threshold is mainly set according to the safety value that measures under conditions of similarity, when device uses for the first time
It does not set, data can store, and solution and Scheme of Strengthening can be discussed on well.
2. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized by: first fixed link (23) and inner prop (4) fixed point away from
From inner prop (4) top 250mm, first fixed link (23) is cylindrical body, long 400mm, diameter 8mm, with the inner prop (4)
Angle is 60 °, and material is high strength elastic steel, and second fixed link (24) is parallel with individual prop is improved, and described first is solid
Fixed pole (23) upper end is welded and fixed with the second fixed link (24) body of rod outer surface, is welded and fixed fixed apart from described second
Bar (24) lower end 10mm, second fixed link (24) are hollow cylinder, outer diameter 30mm, internal diameter 22mm, long 60mm, and material is
High-intensity resin, the second fixed link (24) effect are support radar top plate survey meter (22) and protection signal data line
(25)；Radar top plate survey meter (22) is the intermediate cylindrical body for having cavity, and material is high strength plastic, and yield strength is greater than
600MPa, cylindrical body top and bottom are circle, cylinder radius 200mm, high 40mm, cavity radius 180mm, high 20mm, cavity
Upper surface is overlapped with a thickness of 5mm, cavity upper surface with a thickness of 15mm, the cylindrical body center of circle and the cavity center of circle, the second fixed link (24)
It is overlapped with radar top plate survey meter (22) center of circle and is communicated with radar top plate survey meter (22) cavity, storage in cavity
Aerial array.
3. according to the method described in claim 2, it is characterized by: the displacement measurement system includes fixed point (9), displacement number
According to line (11) and measurement table (10), the fixed point (9) is fixed on the inner prop (4), and the measurement table (10) is fixed on institute
It states on column jacket (5), the displacement data line (11) connects the fixed point (9) and the measurement table (10), the displacement data
Line (11) is consistent with the improvement axis direction of individual prop.
4. according to the method described in claim 3, it is characterized by: being provided with liquid injection port (12) on the column jacket (5) and putting
Liquid mouth (13), the hydraulic metering system include hand-hydraulic case (14), are provided with pressurization on the hand-hydraulic case (14)
Bar (15), the hand-hydraulic case (14) are connect by high pressure liquid injection pipe (16) with the liquid injection port (12), are returned by emulsion
Closed tube (17) is connect with the tap hole (13), and pressure sensor, the operation machine (2) are provided at the liquid injection port (12)
It is connected respectively with the measurement table (10) and the pressure sensor.
5. described according to the method described in claim 4, it is characterized by: the car body is additionally provided with handrail (18) and wheel body
Wheel body includes two main wheels (19) and an accessory whorl (20), and described two main wheels (19) are arranged in the compartment board (1) lower part
Middle rear side, the accessory whorl (20) are arranged in the lower section of the compartment board (1) front end, when described two main wheels (19) and an accessory whorl
(20) when being contacted with ground, the front end of the compartment board (1) tilts down, the angle between the compartment board (1) and horizontal plane
Degree is 11.3 °.
6. method according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: the storage tank (3) is to be arranged on the compartment board (1)
One groove is provided with the pressing mold of multiple and different specifications in the storage tank (3)；
It is equipped with rubber pad on the compartment board (1) of the lower part for improving individual prop, in the length of the rubber pad
The two sides in direction are provided with multiple limit Katos (21), and the improvement individual prop is placed on multiple limit Katos (21)
Interior, the operation machine (2) is removably attached on the compartment board (1).
7. according to the method described in claim 6, it is characterized by: between the tap hole (13) and the top plate baffle (7)
Distance be greater than the distance between the liquid injection port (12) and the top plate baffle (7), and the tap hole (13) and described
Liquid injection port (12) is oppositely arranged on the column jacket (5).
8. according to the method described in claim 7, it is characterized by: the diameter of the main wheel (19) is 1m-1.2m, the accessory whorl
(20) diameter is 100mm-150mm, the horizontal distance between the center of the accessory whorl (20) and the center of circle of the main wheel (19)
For 1m；
The inner prop (4) and column jacket (5) are cylinder, and column jacket (5) length is 2.2m, outer diameter 180mm, and internal diameter is
148mm, inner prop (4) length are 1.8m, and diameter 140mm, oil pocket (6) length is 0.6m-2m, diameter 148mm；
The improvement individual prop length is 2.4m-3.8m.
9. according to the method described in claim 8, it is characterized by: the top plate baffle (7) is square, side length 350-
400mm, with a thickness of 10-12mm, material is steel or iron；The displacement data line (11) is finer wire line, diameter 0.3mm-
0.6mm；
The pressing mold is totally five kinds of a, b, c, d, e, and diameter is respectively 50mm, 90mm, 120mm, 160mm and 200mm, thickness difference
For 50mm, 40mm, 30mm, 20mm and 10mm.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108562895B (en) * | 2018-03-12 | 2021-03-02 | 周胡琴 | Real-time prediction method for coal wall caving |
| CN108593875B (en) * | 2018-03-12 | 2021-04-13 | 徐一蜜 | Real-time prediction device and prediction method for coal wall caving |
| JP7180640B2 (en) * | 2020-06-10 | 2022-11-30 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Vehicle damping control device and damping control method |
| CN115206036B (en) * | 2022-09-13 | 2022-12-06 | 江苏振华新云电子有限公司 | Detection frame strip leveling alarm device for working of molding press |
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