CN106768015A - A kind of Roof And Floor Stability self-operated measuring unit and application method - Google Patents
A kind of Roof And Floor Stability self-operated measuring unit and application method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106768015A CN106768015A CN201611034251.7A CN201611034251A CN106768015A CN 106768015 A CN106768015 A CN 106768015A CN 201611034251 A CN201611034251 A CN 201611034251A CN 106768015 A CN106768015 A CN 106768015A
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- top board
- fix bar
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- measurement
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D21/00—Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
- G01D21/02—Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
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- Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of Roof And Floor Stability self-operated measuring unit, including car body and the improvement individual prop that is removably attached to thereon；The car body includes compartment board (1), the improvement individual prop is removably attached on the compartment board (1), and displacement measurement system, hydraulic metering system, top board defect detecting system, operation machine (2) and storage tank (3) are additionally provided with the compartment board (1)；The improvement individual prop is connected with the displacement measurement system, the hydraulic metering system and the top board defect detecting system respectively.Roof And Floor Stability self-operated measuring unit of the present invention, circulates fluid injection, is whole fluid injection work service using existing emulsion；There is improvement individual prop on Roof And Floor Stability self-operated measuring unit, it is ensured that the operating distance of upper km does not all need workman to shoulder monomer, is greatly reduced workload and working strength；Storage tank can transport tens of jin pressing mold and other measurement parts.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of mining machinery, the top during working face coal mining being particularly suited under complex geological condition
Backplane stability self-operated measuring unit and application method.
Background technology
Stope support system is made up of " base plate-support-top board ", in mining influence and the advanced branch bulging of support (post)
Power effect lower shoe is subjected to displacement, deforms or even destroys, and while roadway floor is destroyed, top board is also destroyed, or even
Generation roof fall accident, the destruction of base plate can further influence the supporting effect of stope and tunnel, and support (post) is possible to be occurred to bore bottom
Or incline, effective support force of support (post) is significantly reduced, the amount of crushing increase, and directly top occurs absciss layer, or even emits
Useful event, and underground water may be caused to redistribute, cause the generation of water inrush accident.Therefore stope support system is pacified to colliery
Standard-sized sheet is adopted to play an important roll.
Therefore, it is the practical supporting capacity of guarantee prop, the bearer properties of research of coal seam floor is needed for base plate, obtains
Go out the rigidity and floor pressure ratio Air holder of base plate, for support it needs to be determined that can hydraulic support meet field requirement, needed for base plate
Scientific and reasonable planted agent, it is ensured that foolrstiffness and exploitation requirement, so just can guarantee that stope advance support system bearing safety.
Floor pressure ratio Air holder test is to carry out anti-injection test to seat earth, by data analysis, calculates base plate ratio
Pressure parameter.In advance support section, if the base plate of supporting advanced hydraulic support is weak base plate, support specific contact pressure value is more than bottom
During plate tolerating ratio pressure value, bracket base may be absorbed in base plate, cause support to reach enough Support Resistances, domestic at present
Carrying out the instrument of floor pressure ratio Air holder test mainly has impact type floor pressure ratio Air holder instrument and static pressure type floor pressure ratio Air holder instrument, impact type floor pressure ratio Air holder
Instrument is adapted to floor pressure ratio Air holder of the measurement compared with hard formation base plate, and instrument precision is not high, and is served only for measurement pressing mold compression distance one
Determine the floor pressure ratio Air holder in scope, measurement range is smaller, it is improper in the case of this paper；Static pressure type floor pressure ratio Air holder instrument is adapted to measurement
Compared with the floor pressure ratio Air holder of incompetent bed base plate, instrument precision is higher, however it is necessary that workman shoulders external poured individual prop, but this hair
Bright to be directed to test of the whole piece roadway floor than pressure, main difficulty has：Whole piece tunnel is up to more than 2000 meters, the basic nothing of hydraulic power unit
Method is in distance so long for individual prop provides hydraulic pressure；Second, if using hydraulic hand-pump, it is necessary to supplement substantial amounts of hydraulic pressure
Emulsion；3rd distance so long, in addition it is also necessary to carry the pressing mold of different-thickness, adds four or five ten jin together, workman's work altogether
Intensity is very big；4th, long range measurements, it is necessary to change pressing mold, the work of measurement at any time according to the pressing mold intrusion for measuring at that time
Measure too greatly, writing task is numerous and diverse；5th, traditional measurement work does not consider the possibility that top board is damaged by pressure, because special thick
In coal seam, back is coal, then many tests are the influences for needing to consider that top board press-in reduced pressure calibration tape comes.
Drift stability mainly includes top board and base plate, and traditional test is all, with respect in a certain respect, such as only simply to survey
Amount part anchor-holding force of anchor bolt, or a small amount of floor pressure ratio Air holder value is tested, the stability in whole piece tunnel is replaced with this, in complex surrounding rock
In the case of, this mode be it is very not rigorous, particularly the measurement point of top board and base plate often and disunity, for drift section
The measurement of resistance to overturning is very unscientific with evaluation, and substantially in the case of complex surrounding rock, drift section changing value is one
Individual very important parameter, but it is how quick, and largely, accurately the section and profile of measurement measuring point are the problems being difficult.
The content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is directed under the conditions of weak base plate, due to working face mining influence and advanced supporting
, there is sinking, base plate along empty crossheading top board and the possibility increase of pucking, particularly weak foolrstiffness occur in the influence of pressure
It is low, a kind of Roof And Floor Stability that support is susceptible to brill bottom even inclination, the unstable problem of stope support system and researches and develops
Self-operated measuring unit and application method.
A kind of Roof And Floor Stability self-operated measuring unit, including car body and the improvement monomer branch that is removably attached to thereon
Post；
The car body includes compartment board, and the improvement individual prop is removably attached on the compartment board, described
Operation machine and storage tank are additionally provided with compartment board, and displacement measurement system, the hydraulic metering system being connected with the operation machine
System and top board defect detecting system；It is described improvement individual prop respectively with the displacement measurement system, the hydraulic metering system
It is connected with the top board defect detecting system；
The individual prop that improves is made up of inner prop and the column jacket being set in outside the inner prop, and the column jacket is closed for one end
Hollow structure, hollow space is oil pocket, the inner prop for closed at both ends structure, one end is provided with top board baffle plate, the other end
Sealing plate is provided with, the sealing plate is tightly connected with the non-close end of the column jacket, can be along the inwall freedom of the column jacket
Slide；
The top board defect detecting system includes radar top board survey meter, the first fix bar, the second fix bar, signal data
Line and radar top board survey meter main frame, the first fix bar are cylinder, and described first fix bar one end is fixed with the inner prop and connected
Connect, the first fix bar other end is fixedly connected with the described second fixation rod outer surface, and second fix bar is hollow circle
Cylinder, second fix bar is connected for top with radar top board survey meter bottom surface circle centre position, the radar top board detection
Instrument is the cylinder that there is cavity centre, and internal cavity is communicated with inside second fix bar, the radar top board survey meter master
Machine is fixed on the compartment board, and the radar top board survey meter main frame and the radar top board survey meter pass through signal data line
Connection, the radar top board survey meter and operation machine communication connection；
Roof And Floor Stability self-operated measuring unit of the present invention, wherein, first fix bar and inner prop fixing point
Apart from inner prop top 250mm, first fix bar is cylinder, and 400mm long, a diameter of 8mm are with the inner prop angle
60 °, material be high strength elastic steel, second fix bar with improve individual prop it is parallel, the first fix bar upper end and
The second fixation club shaft outer surface is welded and fixed, and is welded and fixed apart from the second fix bar lower end 10mm, and described the
Two fix bars be hollow circular cylinder, external diameter 30mm, internal diameter 22mm, 60mm long, material is high-intensity resin, second fix bar
Effect is support radar top board survey meter and protection signal data wire；Radar top board survey meter is the cylinder that there is cavity centre,
Material is high strength plastic, and yield strength is more than 600MPa, and cylinder top and bottom are circle, and cylinder radius are 200mm, high
40mm, cavity radius 180mm, 20mm high, cavity upper table face thickness is 5mm, and cavity upper table face thickness is 15mm, the cylinder center of circle
Overlapped with the cavity center of circle, the second fix bar overlaps with the radar top board survey meter center of circle and communicated with cavity, storage antenna in cavity
Array；
Roof And Floor Stability self-operated measuring unit of the present invention, wherein, the displacement measurement system include fixing point,
Displacement data line and measurement table, the fixing point are fixed on the inner prop, and the measurement table is fixed on the column jacket, described
Displacement data line connects the fixing point and the measurement table, the displacement data line and the axis side for improving individual prop
To consistent.
Roof And Floor Stability self-operated measuring unit of the present invention, wherein, be provided with the column jacket liquid injection port and
Tap hole, the hydraulic metering system includes hand-hydraulic case, and pressure rod is provided with the hand-hydraulic case, described manual
Hydraulic fluid tank is connected by high pressure liquid injection pipe with the liquid injection port, is connected with the tap hole by emulsion recovery tube, described
Pressure sensor is provided with liquid injection port, the operation machine is connected with the measurement table and the pressure sensor respectively.
Roof And Floor Stability self-operated measuring unit of the present invention, wherein, the car body is additionally provided with handrail and wheel body,
The wheel body includes two main wheels and an accessory whorl, and described two main wheels are arranged on the middle rear side of the compartment board bottom, described
Accessory whorl is arranged on the lower section of the compartment front edge of board, when described two main wheels and an accessory whorl are contacted with ground, the car
The front end of railway carriage or compartment plate is downward-sloping, and the angle between the compartment board and horizontal plane is 11.3 °.
Roof And Floor Stability self-operated measuring unit of the present invention, wherein, the storage tank is to be arranged on the compartment
A groove on plate, is provided with the pressing mold of multiple different sizes in the storage tank；
Rubber blanket is equipped with the compartment board of the bottom of the improvement individual prop, in the length of the rubber blanket
The both sides in direction are provided with multiple spacing Katos, and the improvement individual prop is placed in multiple spacing Katos, the behaviour
It is removably attached on the compartment board as machine.
Roof And Floor Stability self-operated measuring unit of the present invention, wherein, the tap hole and the top board baffle plate it
Between distance more than the distance between the liquid injection port and described top board baffle plate, and the tap hole and the liquid injection port are relative
It is arranged on the column jacket.
Roof And Floor Stability self-operated measuring unit of the present invention, wherein, a diameter of 1m-1.2m of the main wheel, institute
A diameter of 100mm-150mm of accessory whorl is stated, the horizontal range between the center of the accessory whorl and the center of circle of the main wheel is 1m；
The inner prop and column jacket are cylinder, and the outer column length is 2.2m, and external diameter is 180mm, and internal diameter is 148mm,
The interior column length is 1.8m, a diameter of 140mm, and the oil pocket length is 0.6m-2m, a diameter of 148mm；The improvement monomer
Strut lengths are 2.4m-3.8m.
Roof And Floor Stability self-operated measuring unit of the present invention, wherein, the top board baffle plate is square, and the length of side is
350-400mm, thickness is 10-12mm, and material is steel or iron；The displacement data line is finer wire line, a diameter of 0.3mm-
0.6mm；
The pressing mold is totally five kinds of a, b, c, d, e, and diameter is respectively 50mm, 90mm, 120mm, 160mm and 200mm, thickness
Respectively 50mm, 40mm, 30mm, 20mm and 10mm.
It is different that one kind carries out field measurement whole piece tunnel using Roof And Floor Stability self-operated measuring unit of the present invention
The method of place floor pressure ratio Air holder, comprises the following steps：
Step one, arrangement measuring point：A measuring point is arranged in the smooth tunnel region of landform every 10m, and terrain slope is more than 8 °
Or in the tunnel of 20m length, a measuring point is arranged in the region of any two lower difference 500mm high every 5m；
Step 2, measurement：Using Roof And Floor Stability self-operated measuring unit, first measuring point is pushed it to, first cleaned
Base plate, will improve individual prop righting, keep vertical state, and base plate must be contacted completely,
The valve on high pressure liquid injection pipe is opened, will improve individual prop pressurization makes top board baffle plate top be no longer deformed into top board
Preferably, pressing operations machine carries out digital numbering to measurement place, then by clear key, displacement and pressure is set to zero, then set
Pressing mold classification, each all correspond to displacement varying thresholds；When displacement exceedes correspondence threshold value, that is, illustrate that variable quantity is excessive, i.e.,
Pressing mold is improper, and operation chance display red led is reminded, and at this moment needs to change the bigger pressing mold of diameter, until without red
When indicator lamp is lighted, illustrate that pressing mold can use；By start button, while the valve on high pressure liquid injection pipe is opened, on operation machine screen
It can be seen that pressure and displacement curve figure, when pressure value reaches extreme value and drops to the 1/3~1/2 of extreme value, measurement work is complete
Into, stop fluid injection, but when extreme value does not occur in pressure value or extreme value occurs but pressure value has not degraded the 1/3~1/2 of extreme value
When, displacement just alreadys exceed correspondence threshold value, that is, illustrate that variable quantity is excessive, i.e. pressing mold diameter is still less than normal, and operation chance shows
Red led is reminded, and at this moment needs to change the bigger pressing mold of diameter, until when no red led is lighted, illustrating that pressing mold can
With data are useful；
The rotary knob of tap hole is rotated, emulsion is released, inner prop sinks under gravity, when improvement individual prop top
When end is apart from back 50mm-150mm, the rotary knob of tap hole is reversely rotated, close tap hole, while improvement of falling is single
Pillar body is transported to next measuring point on car body；
In measurement process, pressure sensor in liquid injection port by oil pressure data wire by pressure value in the form of electronic signal
It is input to operation machine；There is single-chip microcomputer in measurement table, change in displacement data are transferred in operation machine in the form of electronic signal, work as hand
When the pressure of hydrodynamic pressure case is inadequate, using manual ftercompction, pressurization is uniform.
Step 3, top board defect detecting system：When a certain measuring point is reached, the improvement individual prop is slowly propped up, noted
Meaning can not allow anchor net and roofbolt anchor cable etc. to scrape the radar top board survey meter, the first fix bar, the second fix bar and letter
Number line, the design of the first fix bar and the second fix bar makes the radar top board survey meter upper surface than the top board baffle plate
Upper surface 28-30mm high, the radar top board survey meter can be made to top board under first fix bar, the effect of the second fix bar
Fractured coal and rock has a good squeezing action, it is to avoid because crushing voerhead coal is to the mistake caused by measurement；
The top board defect detecting system testing time is after floor pressure ratio Air holder value has been tested, according to measurement point location, such as
Fruit measurement point opens top board defect detecting system within working face 80m on operation machine, selects empty detection pattern,
Within working face 80m, top board is influenceed measurement point by lead abutment pressure, and the old top in working face top and tunnel top is formed
Masonry girder construction, can form certain cavity above top board, and the size and structure change rule in labor cavity are to tunnel
Roof stability analysis has important result；Transmitting frequency electromagnetic waves, electromagnetic wave runs into the presence of electricity in top board Propagation
Reflected during the interface of sex differernce, the feature such as waveform, oscillator intensity and the change of time according to the electromagnetic wave for receiving
Infer the locus of top board medium and the quantization parameter value of empty size, and record data, operation machine is automatic will be more within 80m
The quantization parameter value of the empty size of individual measurement point is fitted analysis, carries out early warning to the maximum point of quantization parameter value, at this moment
With manual analysis parameter value, the size in cavity and the design parameter of locus can be drawn；If measurement point is apart from working face 80m
In addition, top board defect detecting system selection density detection pattern is opened on operation machine, top board is moved towards lead abutment pressure
Influence very little, the at this time stability measurement to top board is concentrated mainly on the rock for pushing up the measurement of coal thickness value, top board above 0-10m
The qualitative comparing of packing, and top board is detected, under density detection pattern with the presence or absence of cavity with the presence or absence of roof fall danger
Wave frequency is higher than empty detection mode frequency；
It is final to the quantization parameter value of the detection data moved towards along whole piece tunnel that is formed through overwriting, storage and computer at
Reason, carries out the fitting of curve on well with software matable, the full curve derivation to being formed, according to long-term field experience, no
How to be set by quantization parameter value, when derivative value is more than more than 0.92, all show empty variation abnormality region, have roof fall dangerous
Or there is old power station, to strengthen this region detection and hidden troubles removing；
Step 4, the operation machine according to data, for either party parameter value of top board and base plate less than secure threshold with
Under will mark red and alarm, secure threshold mainly according under conditions of similarity determine safety value setting, instrument for the first time use
When can not set, data can be stored, can be discussed on well solution and Scheme of Strengthening.
Ensure the method difference from prior art of stope support system bearing safety under the conditions of weakness base plate of the invention
It is to have the following advantages that：
1st, Roof And Floor Stability self-operated measuring unit is researched and developed, fluid injection is circulated, is whole fluid injection work using existing emulsion
Service；
2nd, there is improvement individual prop on Roof And Floor Stability self-operated measuring unit, it is ensured that the operating distance of upper km is all
Do not need workman to shoulder monomer, be greatly reduced workload and working strength；
3rd, there is storage tank on Roof And Floor Stability self-operated measuring unit, tens of jin pressing mold and other Measurement portions can be transported
Part；
4th, Roof And Floor Stability self-operated measuring unit, can be different according to pressing mold label, with different displacement threshold values, no
Need it is artificial judge whether whether pressing mold fully enters base plate and needing and change pressing mold, whole full-automatic measurement, significantly
Measuring accuracy is improved, reduces workload；
5th, improving individual prop top board has increasing top board baffle plate, it is ensured that measurement result is not influenceed by top board, improves measurement accurate
True property；
A kind of Roof And Floor Stability self-operated measuring unit of the invention is described further below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of Roof And Floor Stability self-operated measuring unit of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the top view of Fig. 1；
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of improvement individual prop in Roof And Floor Stability self-operated measuring unit of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is that the part-structure of top board defect detecting system in Roof And Floor Stability self-operated measuring unit of the present invention is illustrated
Figure.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
As Figure 1-Figure 4, a kind of Roof And Floor Stability self-operated measuring unit, including car body and it is removably attached to it
On improvement individual prop；
Car body includes compartment board 1, improves individual prop and is removably attached on compartment board 1, is also set up on compartment board 1
There are operation machine 2 and storage tank 3, and displacement measurement system, hydraulic metering system and the top board defects detection being connected with operation machine 2
System；Individual prop is improved to be connected with displacement measurement system, hydraulic metering system and top board defect detecting system respectively；
Improve individual prop to be made up of inner prop 4 and the column jacket 5 being set in outside inner prop 4, column jacket 5 is the hollow knot of one end closing
Structure, hollow space is oil pocket 6, and inner prop 4 is the structure of closed at both ends, and one end is provided with top board baffle plate 7, and the other end is provided with sealing
Plate 8, sealing plate is tightly connected with the non-close end of column jacket 5, can be along the inwall of column jacket 5 slidably；
Top board defect detecting system includes radar top board survey meter 22, the one the second fix bars 3, the second fix bar 24, letter
Number line 25 and radar top board survey meter main frame 26, the one the second fix bars 3 are cylinder, the one the second one end of fix bar 3
It is fixedly connected with inner prop 4, the one the second other ends of fix bar 3 are fixedly connected with the outer surface of the second fix bar 24, the second fix bar
24 is hollow circular cylinder, and the second fix bar 24 is connected for top with the bottom surface circle centre position of radar top board survey meter 22, and radar top board is visited
It is the cylinder that there is cavity centre to survey instrument 22, and internal cavity is communicated with inside the second fix bar 24, radar top board survey meter main frame
26 are fixed on compartment board 1, and radar top board survey meter main frame 26 and radar top board survey meter 22 are connected by signal data line 25,
Radar top board survey meter 22 and the operation communication connection of machine 2；
It is below optimal technical scheme on the basis of above technical scheme：
Displacement measurement system includes fixing point 9, displacement data line 11 and measurement table 10, and fixing point 9 is fixed on inner prop 4,
Measurement table 10 is fixed on column jacket 5, and displacement data line 11 is connected a little 9 and measurement table 10, displacement data line 11 with improve single
The axis direction of pillar body is consistent；
Liquid injection port 12 and tap hole 13 are provided with column jacket 5, hydraulic metering system includes hand-hydraulic case 14, manual
Pressure rod 15 is provided with hydraulic fluid tank 14, hand-hydraulic case 14 is connected by high pressure liquid injection pipe 16 with liquid injection port 12, by emulsification
Liquid recovery tube 17 is connected with tap hole 13, is provided with pressure sensor at liquid injection port 12, operation machine 2 respectively with measurement table 10 and
Pressure sensor is connected.The distance between tap hole 13 and top board baffle plate 7 more than between liquid injection port 12 and top board baffle plate 7 away from
From, and tap hole 13 and liquid injection port 12 be oppositely arranged on column jacket 5.Efficiency of the hydraulic metering system for measurement whole piece tunnel
Greatly improve, it is not necessary to which artificial emulsion of shouldering is supplemented again, and workman's workload is substantially reduced；Pressurizeed on hand-hydraulic case 14
Bar 15 can increase pressure for hand-hydraulic case 14, open the valve on high pressure liquid injection pipe 16, you can to improve individual prop note
Liquid, improves individual prop in the presence of high-pressure emulsion, rises inner prop 4 and measures work；When the rotation button of tap hole 13
When, the emulsion release of individual prop inside is improved, hand-hydraulic case 14 is flowed into by emulsion recovery tube 17；And then circulation industrial
Make., near the side of hand-hydraulic case 14, tap hole 13 is in the opposite side of liquid injection port 12, liquid injection port 12 and improvement monomer branch for liquid injection port 12
The distance at capital end is primarily due to be stood when improvement individual prop less than tap hole 13 and the distance for improving individual prop top
During work, such distance for being designed to shorten pipeline and circuit；Liquid injection port 12 and tap hole 13 are improving individual prop
Both sides, are that, in order to be placed to when on car, will not be expressed to pipeline and circuit.
Car body is additionally provided with handrail 18 and wheel body, and wheel body includes two main wheels 19 and an accessory whorl 20, and two main wheels 19 set
The middle rear side in the bottom of compartment board 1 is put, accessory whorl 20 is arranged on the lower section of the front end of compartment board 1, when two main wheels 19 and an accessory whorl
20 with ground when contacting, and the front end of compartment board 1 is downward-sloping, and the angle between compartment board 1 and horizontal plane is 11.3 °.
Storage tank 3 is a groove being arranged on compartment board 1, and the pressure of multiple different sizes is provided with storage tank 3
Mould；
Rubber blanket is equipped with the compartment board 1 of bottom for improving individual prop, can so ensure increasing friction force, kept away
Exempt from it is unnecessary rock, the both sides of the length direction of rubber blanket are provided with multiple spacing Katos 21, improve individual prop and place
In multiple spacing Katos 21, it is ensured that improve when the rigid connection of column jacket 5 touches flat board in individual prop and be just stuck, will not shake
Dynamic, operation machine 2 is removably secured (such as fixed using VELCRO) on compartment board 1.
A diameter of 1m-1.2m of main wheel 19, needs curved the waist, long range measurements to cause worker's division less than 1m workman's go-cart
Fu is excessively tired, while underground backplate surface is uneven, gully, and many situations such as muddy water, wheel is too small to be blocked.Wheel diameter is too
Greatly, it is not easy to operate in the narrow tunnel in underground, meanwhile, diameter causes greatly very much vehicle body too high, during improvement individual prop righting not
It is convenient, landing impact is easily caused, it is all dangerous to circuit, pipeline and master worker.
A diameter of 100mm-150mm of accessory whorl 20, the horizontal range between the center of accessory whorl 20 and the center of circle of main wheel 19 is
1m；During car body level, accessory whorl 20 is 200mm with the vertical range on ground, and the Main Function of accessory whorl 20 is that improvement individual prop is vertical
The balance of nearly 11.3 ° of car body is maintained during work, it is ensured that hand-hydraulic case 14 and the operation normal work of machine 2, while this angle
Also can guarantee that and improve when monomer supporting goes to vertical working condition by lying status and big collision and impact will not occur with ground.
Inner prop 4 and column jacket 5 are cylinder, and the length of column jacket 5 is 2.2m, and external diameter is 180mm, and internal diameter is 148mm, inner prop 4
Length is 1.8m, a diameter of 140mm, and the length of oil pocket 6 is 0.6m-2m, a diameter of 148mm；It is 2.4m- to improve individual prop length
3.8m.Improving individual prop maximum height can meet the requirement of most areas in detection tunnel, acute for few deformation
It is strong to cause region of the head-room less than 2.8m not considered.
Top board baffle plate 7 is square, and the length of side is 350-400mm, and thickness is 10-12mm, and material is steel or iron, main purpose
It is increase and top board surface product, reduces pressure.When very big or floor rock is very rigid for bottom stamper surface area, having very much can
Energy inner prop 4 top-surface area is too small to cause back that broken etc. " mutation " occurs, and " mutation " will result in monitoring curve and turn
Point, can allow staff to be mistaken for floor pressure ratio Air holder testing result, therefore the increase of top board baffle plate 7 and top board surface product, it is ensured that to survey
Amount result is not influenceed by top board, improves measurement accuracy.
Displacement data line 11 is finer wire line, and a diameter of 0.3mm-0.6mm, ductility is extremely low, i.e., will not be because of stress
Extend.Displacement line can be stretched from measurement table, it is also possible to be shunk with improving individual prop to shrink；Pressing mold be a, b, c, d,
Totally five kinds of e, diameter is respectively 50mm, 90mm, 120mm, 160mm and 200mm, and thickness is respectively 50mm, 40mm, 30mm, 20mm
And 10mm.
The design of all sizes should be preferred scheme, not be the limitation to overall technical architecture.
Embodiment 2
One kind carries out field measurement whole piece tunnel different location using Roof And Floor Stability self-operated measuring unit of the invention
The method of floor pressure ratio Air holder, comprises the following steps：
Step one, arrangement measuring point：A measuring point is arranged in the smooth tunnel region of landform every 10m, and terrain slope is more than 8 °
Or in 20m length, a measuring point is arranged in the region of any lower difference 500mm high in tunnel every 5m；
Step 2, measurement：Using Roof And Floor Stability self-operated measuring unit, first measuring point is pushed it to, first cleaned
Base plate, will improve individual prop righting, keep vertical state, and base plate must be contacted completely,
The valve on high pressure liquid injection pipe 16 is opened, will improve individual prop pressurization makes the top board of top board baffle plate 7 no longer become
Shape is advisable, and 2 pairs, pressing operations machine measurement places carry out digital numbering, then by clear key, displacement and pressure is set to zero, then
Pressing mold classification is set, and each all correspond to displacement varying thresholds；When displacement exceedes correspondence threshold value, that is, illustrate variable quantity mistake
Greatly, i.e., pressing mold is improper, and operation machine 2 can show that red led is reminded, and at this moment needs to change the bigger pressing mold of diameter, until not having
When thering is red led to light, illustrate that pressing mold can use；By start button, while the valve on high pressure liquid injection pipe 16 is opened, in operation
It can be seen that pressure and displacement curve figure, when pressure value reaches extreme value and drops to the 1/3~1/2 of extreme value, survey on the screen of machine 2
Amount work is completed, and stops fluid injection, but when extreme value does not occur in pressure value or extreme value occurs but pressure value has not degraded extreme value
When 1/3~1/2, displacement just alreadys exceed correspondence threshold value, that is, illustrate that variable quantity is excessive, i.e. pressing mold diameter is still less than normal, operation
Chance display red led is reminded, and at this moment needs to change the bigger pressing mold of diameter, until when no red led is lighted, saying
Bright pressing mold can use, and data are useful；
The rotary knob of tap hole 13 is rotated, emulsion is released, inner prop 4 sinks under gravity, when improvement monomer branch
When capital end is apart from back 50mm-150mm, the rotary knob of tap hole 13 is reversely rotated, tap hole 13 is closed, while putting
Individual prop is improved to car body, and is transported to next measuring point；
In measurement process, the pressure sensor in liquid injection port 12 passes through oil pressure data wire by pressure value with the shape of electronic signal
Formula is input to operation machine 2；There is single-chip microcomputer in measurement table 10, change in displacement data are transferred to operation machine 2 in the form of electronic signal
In, when the pressure of hand-hydraulic case 14 is inadequate, using manual ftercompction, pressurization is uniform；
Step 3, top board defect detecting system：When a certain measuring point is reached, the improvement individual prop is slowly propped up, noted
Meaning can not allow anchor net and roofbolt anchor cable etc. to scrape the radar top board survey meter 22, the one the second fix bars 3, second and fix
Bar 24 and signal data line 25, the design of the one the second fix bars 24 of fix bar 3 and second make the radar top board survey meter 22
Upper surface than the upper surface of top board baffle plate 7 28-30mm high, in the case where the one the second fix bar 3, the second fix bar 24 are acted on
The radar top board survey meter 22 can be made a good squeezing action to roof cracking coal and rock, it is to avoid because of crushing voerhead coal
The mistake caused to measurement；
The top board defect detecting system testing time is after floor pressure ratio Air holder value has been tested, according to measurement point location, such as
Fruit measurement point opens top board defect detecting system within working face 80m on operation machine 2, selects empty detection pattern,
Within working face 80m, top board is influenceed measurement point by lead abutment pressure, and the old top in working face top and tunnel top is formed
Masonry girder construction, can form certain cavity above top board, and the size and structure change rule in labor cavity are to tunnel
Roof stability analysis has important result；Transmitting frequency electromagnetic waves, electromagnetic wave runs into the presence of electricity in top board Propagation
Reflected during the interface of sex differernce, the feature such as waveform, oscillator intensity and the change of time according to the electromagnetic wave for receiving
Infer the locus of top board medium and the quantization parameter value of empty size, and record data, operation machine 2 is automatic by within 80m
The quantization parameter value of the empty size of multiple measurement points is fitted analysis, and early warning is carried out to the maximum point of quantization parameter value, this
When can with manual analysis parameter value, draw cavity size and locus design parameter；If measurement point is apart from working face
Beyond 80m, top board defect detecting system selection density detection pattern is opened on operation machine 2, top board is subject to the advanced supporting of trend
Pressure influence very little, is at this time concentrated mainly on top coal thickness value measurement, top board above 0-10m to the stability measurement of top board
The qualitative comparing of rock packing, and top board is detected, density detection mould with the presence or absence of cavity with the presence or absence of roof fall danger
Wave frequency is higher than empty detection mode frequency under formula.
It is final to the quantization parameter value of the detection data moved towards along whole piece tunnel that is formed through overwriting, storage and computer at
Reason, carries out the fitting of curve on well with software matable, the full curve derivation to being formed, according to long-term field experience, no
How to be set by quantization parameter value, when derivative value is more than more than 0.92, all show empty variation abnormality region, have roof fall dangerous
Or there is old power station, to strengthen this region detection and hidden troubles removing；
Step 4, the operation machine 2 according to data, for either party parameter value of top board and base plate less than secure threshold with
Under will mark red and alarm, secure threshold mainly according under conditions of similarity determine safety value setting, instrument for the first time use
When can not set, data can be stored, can be discussed on well solution and Scheme of Strengthening.
Embodiment described above is only that the preferred embodiment of the present invention is described, not to model of the invention
Enclose and be defined, on the premise of design spirit of the present invention is not departed from, those of ordinary skill in the art are to technical side of the invention
Various modifications and improvement that case is made, all should fall into the protection domain of claims of the present invention determination.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of Roof And Floor Stability self-operated measuring unit, it is characterised in that：Including car body and being removably attached to thereon
Improve individual prop；
The car body includes compartment board (1), and the improvement individual prop is removably attached on the compartment board (1), in institute
State and operation machine (2) and storage tank (3) are additionally provided with compartment board (1), and the displacement measurement system being connected with the operation machine (2)
System, hydraulic metering system and top board defect detecting system；The improvement individual prop respectively with the displacement measurement system, described
Hydraulic metering system is connected with the top board defect detecting system；
The improvement individual prop is by inner prop (4) and is set in the inner prop (4) column jacket (5) outward and constitutes, and the column jacket (5) is
The hollow structure of one end closing, hollow space is oil pocket (6), and the inner prop (4) is the structure of closed at both ends, and one end is provided with top
Plate baffle plate (7), the other end is provided with sealing plate (8), and the sealing plate is tightly connected with the non-close end of the column jacket (5), energy
Enough inwalls along the column jacket (5) are slidably；
The top board defect detecting system include radar top board survey meter (22), the first fix bar (23), the second fix bar (24),
Signal data line (25) and radar top board survey meter main frame (26), the first fix bar (23) is cylinder, first fix bar
(23) one end is fixedly connected with the inner prop (4), and the first fix bar (23) other end is with second fix bar (24) outward
Surface is fixedly connected, and second fix bar (24) is hollow circular cylinder, and second fix bar (24) is top and the thunder
Up to the connection of top board survey meter (22) bottom surface circle centre position, the radar top board survey meter (22) is the cylinder that there is cavity centre, interior
Portion's cavity is communicated with inside second fix bar (24), and the radar top board survey meter main frame (26) is fixed on the compartment board
(1) on, the radar top board survey meter main frame (26) and the radar top board survey meter (22) are connected by signal data line (25)
Connect, the radar top board survey meter (22) and operation machine (2) communication are connected.
2. Roof And Floor Stability self-operated measuring unit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：First fix bar
(23) with inner prop (4) fixing point apart from inner prop (4) top 250mm, first fix bar (23) is cylinder, 400mm long, directly
Footpath is 8mm, is 60 ° with the inner prop (4) angle, and material is high strength elastic steel, and second fix bar (24) is single with improvement
Pillar body is parallel, and the first fix bar (23) upper end is welded and fixed with the second fix bar (24) body of rod outer surface, welding
Apart from the second fix bar (24) lower end 10mm, second fix bar (24) is hollow circular cylinder to fixing point, external diameter 30mm,
Internal diameter 22mm, 60mm long, material is high-intensity resin, and the second fix bar (24) effect is support radar top board survey meter
And protection signal data wire (25) (22)；Radar top board survey meter (22) is the cylinder that there is cavity centre, and material is high intensity
Plastic cement, yield strength is more than 600MPa, and cylinder top and bottom are circle, and cylinder radius are 200mm, 40mm high, cavity radius
180mm, 20mm high, cavity upper table face thickness are 5mm, and cavity upper table face thickness is 15mm, the cylinder center of circle and cavity center of circle weight
Close, the second fix bar (24) overlapped with radar top board survey meter (22) center of circle and with the radar top board survey meter (22)
Cavity is communicated, storage aerial array in cavity.
3. Roof And Floor Stability self-operated measuring unit according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：The displacement measurement system
Including fixing point (9), displacement data line (11) and measurement table (10), the fixing point (9) is fixed on the inner prop (4), institute
State measurement table (10) to be fixed on the column jacket (5), the displacement data line (11) connects the fixing point (9) and the measurement
Table (10), the displacement data line (11) is consistent with the axis direction of the improvement individual prop.
4. Roof And Floor Stability self-operated measuring unit according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：On the column jacket (5)
Liquid injection port (12) and tap hole (13) are provided with, the hydraulic metering system includes hand-hydraulic case (14), in the manual liquid
Pressure rod (15) is provided with pressure case (14), the hand-hydraulic case (14) is by high pressure liquid injection pipe (16) and the liquid injection port
(12) connect, be connected with the tap hole (13) by emulsion recovery tube (17), the liquid injection port (12) place is provided with pressure
Force snesor, the operation machine (2) is connected with the measurement table (10) and the pressure sensor respectively.
5. Roof And Floor Stability self-operated measuring unit according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：The car body is additionally provided with
Handrail (18) and wheel body, the wheel body include two main wheels (19) and an accessory whorl (20), and described two main wheels (19) are arranged on
The middle rear side of compartment board (1) bottom, the accessory whorl (20) is arranged on the lower section of the compartment board (1) front end, when described two
When individual main wheel (19) and an accessory whorl (20) contact with ground, the front end of the compartment board (1) is downward-sloping, the compartment board
(1) angle and horizontal plane between is 11.3 °.
6. Roof And Floor Stability self-operated measuring unit according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：The storage tank (3) is
A groove on the compartment board (1) is arranged on, the pressing mold of multiple different sizes is provided with the storage tank (3)；
Rubber blanket is equipped with the compartment board (1) of the bottom of the improvement individual prop, in the length of the rubber blanket
The both sides in direction are provided with multiple spacing Katos (21), and the improvement individual prop is placed on multiple spacing Katos (21)
Interior, the operation machine (2) is removably attached on the compartment board (1).
7. Roof And Floor Stability self-operated measuring unit according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：The tap hole (13) with
The distance between described top board baffle plate (7) is more than the distance between the liquid injection port (12) and described top board baffle plate (7), and institute
State tap hole (13) and the liquid injection port (12) is oppositely arranged on the column jacket (5).
8. Roof And Floor Stability self-operated measuring unit according to claim 7, it is characterised in that：The main wheel (19) it is straight
Footpath is 1m-1.2m, a diameter of 100mm-150mm of the accessory whorl (20), center and the main wheel (19) of the accessory whorl (20)
The center of circle between horizontal range be 1m；
The inner prop (4) and column jacket (5) are cylinder, and column jacket (5) length is 2.2m, and external diameter is 180mm, and internal diameter is
148mm, inner prop (4) length is 1.8m, a diameter of 140mm, and oil pocket (6) length is 0.6m-2m, a diameter of 148mm；
The improvement individual prop length is 2.4m-3.8m.
9. Roof And Floor Stability self-operated measuring unit according to claim 8, it is characterised in that：The top board baffle plate (7)
It is square, the length of side is 350-400mm, and thickness is 10-12mm, and material is steel or iron；The displacement data line (11) is thin steel
Silk thread, a diameter of 0.3mm-0.6mm；
The pressing mold is totally five kinds of a, b, c, d, e, and diameter is respectively 50mm, 90mm, 120mm, 160mm and 200mm, thickness difference
It is 50mm, 40mm, 30mm, 20mm and 10mm.
10. the Roof And Floor Stability self-operated measuring unit described in a kind of use claim 9 carries out field measurement whole piece tunnel not
With the method for place floor pressure ratio Air holder, it is characterised in that：Comprise the following steps：
Step one, arrangement measuring point：A measuring point is arranged in the smooth tunnel region of landform every 10m, terrain slope more than 8 ° or
In 20m distances long, a measuring point is arranged in the region that 500mm is differed at any height every 5m；
Step 2, measurement：Using Roof And Floor Stability self-operated measuring unit, first measuring point is pushed it to, first cleans base plate,
Individual prop righting will be improved, vertical state will be kept, base plate must be contacted completely,
The valve in high pressure liquid injection pipe (16) is opened, will improve individual prop pressurization makes top board baffle plate (7) top no longer become to top board
Shape is advisable, and pressing operations machine (2) carries out digital numbering to measurement place, then by clear key, displacement and pressure is set to zero,
Pressing mold classification is set again, and each all correspond to displacement varying thresholds；When displacement exceedes correspondence threshold value, that is, illustrate variable quantity mistake
Greatly, i.e., pressing mold is improper, and operation machine (2) can show that red led is reminded, and at this moment needs to change the bigger pressing mold of diameter, until
When there is no red led to light, illustrate that pressing mold can use；By start button, while the valve in high pressure liquid injection pipe (16) is opened,
It can be seen that pressure and displacement curve figure on operation machine (2) screen, when pressure value reaches extreme value and drops to the 1/3~1/ of extreme value
When 2, measurement work is completed, and stops fluid injection, but when extreme value does not occur in pressure value or extreme value occurs but pressure value has not degraded
Extreme value 1/3~1/2 when, displacement just already exceed correspondence threshold value, that is, illustrate variable quantity it is excessive, i.e. pressing mold diameter is still inclined
Small, operation chance display red led is reminded, and at this moment needs to change the bigger pressing mold of diameter, until bright without red led
When rising, illustrate that pressing mold can use, data are useful；
The rotary knob of rotation tap hole (13), releases emulsion, and inner prop (4) sinks under gravity, when improvement monomer branch
When capital end is apart from back 50mm-150mm, the rotary knob of tap hole (13) is reversely rotated, close tap hole (13), together
When fell improvement individual prop on car body, and transport to next measuring point；
In measurement process, pressure sensor in liquid injection port (12) by oil pressure data wire by pressure value in the form of electronic signal
It is input to operation machine (2)；There is single-chip microcomputer in measurement table (10), change in displacement data are transferred to operation machine in the form of electronic signal
(2) inner, when the pressure of hand-hydraulic case (14) is inadequate, using manual ftercompction, pressurization is uniform；
Step 3, top board defect detecting system：When a certain measuring point is reached, the improvement individual prop is slowly propped up, noted not
Anchor net and roofbolt anchor cable etc. can be allowed to scrape the radar top board survey meter (22), the first fix bar (23), the second fix bar
(24) and signal data line (25), the design of the first fix bar (23) and the second fix bar (24) detects the radar top board
Instrument (22) upper surface than top board baffle plate (7) the upper surface 28-30mm high, in first fix bar (23), the second fix bar
(24) can make the radar top board survey meter (22) under acting on has a good squeezing action to roof cracking coal and rock, it is to avoid
Because crushing voerhead coal is to the mistake caused by measurement；
The top board defect detecting system testing time is after floor pressure ratio Air holder value has been tested, according to measurement point location, if surveyed
Amount point opens top board defect detecting system within working face 80m in operation machine (2), selects empty detection pattern, is surveying
Within working face 80m, top board is influenceed amount point by lead abutment pressure, and the old top in working face top and tunnel top is formed builds
Body girder construction, can form certain cavity above top board, and the size and structure change rule in labor cavity are pushed up to tunnel
Plate stability analysis has important result；Transmitting frequency electromagnetic waves, electromagnetic wave runs into the presence of electrical in top board Propagation
Reflected during the interface of difference, the feature such as waveform, oscillator intensity and the change of time according to the electromagnetic wave for receiving is pushed away
The locus of disconnected top board medium and the quantization parameter value of empty size, and record data, operation machine (2) are automatic by within 80m
The quantization parameter value of the empty size of multiple measurement points is fitted analysis, and early warning is carried out to the maximum point of quantization parameter value, this
When can with manual analysis parameter value, draw cavity size and locus design parameter；If measurement point is apart from working face
Beyond 80m, top board defect detecting system selection density detection pattern is opened in operation machine (2), top board is subject to the advanced branch of trend
Bearing capacity influences very little, and the measurement of top coal thickness value, top board above 0-10m are at this time concentrated mainly on to the stability measurement of top board
The qualitative comparing of rock packing, and top board with the presence or absence of cavity, i.e., detected with the presence or absence of roof fall danger, density detection
Wave frequency is higher than empty detection mode frequency under pattern；
The quantization parameter value of the final detection data moved towards along whole piece tunnel to being formed is processed through overwriting, storage and computer,
The fitting of curve is carried out with software matable on well, the full curve derivation to being formed, according to long-term field experience, no matter
How quantization parameter value sets, and when derivative value is more than more than 0.92, all shows empty variation abnormality region, have roof fall dangerous or
Person will occur old power station, strengthen this region detection and hidden troubles removing；
Step 4, the operation machine (2) according to data, for top board and base plate either party parameter value less than below secure threshold
Will mark red and alarm, mainly according to the safety value setting determined under conditions of similarity, instrument is for the first time when using for secure threshold
Can not set, data can be stored, solution and Scheme of Strengthening can be discussed on well.
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| CN113771572A (en) * | 2020-06-10 | 2021-12-10 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | Vibration damping control device and vibration damping control method for vehicle |
| CN115206036A (en) * | 2022-09-13 | 2022-10-18 | 江苏振华新云电子有限公司 | Detection frame strip leveling alarm device for working of molding press |
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| CN115206036B (en) * | 2022-09-13 | 2022-12-06 | 江苏振华新云电子有限公司 | Detection frame strip leveling alarm device for working of molding press |
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