CN107037132B - A kind of advanced section stability automatic measurement vehicle in tunnel and its application method - Google Patents
A kind of advanced section stability automatic measurement vehicle in tunnel and its application method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107037132B CN107037132B CN201611035138.0A CN201611035138A CN107037132B CN 107037132 B CN107037132 B CN 107037132B CN 201611035138 A CN201611035138 A CN 201611035138A CN 107037132 B CN107037132 B CN 107037132B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/04—Analysing solids
- G01N29/07—Analysing solids by measuring propagation velocity or propagation time of acoustic waves
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B17/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of infrasonic, sonic or ultrasonic vibrations
- G01B17/06—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of infrasonic, sonic or ultrasonic vibrations for measuring contours or curvatures
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
- G01N2291/01—Indexing codes associated with the measuring variable
- G01N2291/011—Velocity or travel time
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
- G01N2291/02—Indexing codes associated with the analysed material
- G01N2291/023—Solids
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
- G01N2291/02—Indexing codes associated with the analysed material
- G01N2291/028—Material parameters
- G01N2291/0289—Internal structure, e.g. defects, grain size, texture
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of advanced section stability automatic measurement vehicle in tunnel, including car body and it is removably attached to improvement individual prop thereon；The car body includes compartment board (1), the improvement individual prop is removably attached on the compartment board (1), and displacement measurement system, hydraulic metering system, drift section measuring system, operation machine (2) and storage tank (3) are additionally provided on the compartment board (1)；The improvement individual prop is connected with the displacement measurement system and the hydraulic metering system respectively.The advanced section stability automatic measurement vehicle in tunnel of the present invention recycles fluid injection, is whole fluid injection work service using existing emulsion；There is improvement individual prop on the advanced section stability automatic measurement vehicle in tunnel, it is ensured that the operating distance of upper km does not all need worker and shoulders monomer, is greatly reduced workload and working strength；Storage tank can transport tens of jin of pressing mold and other measuring parts.
Description
Technical field
A kind of lane the present invention relates to mining machinery, when the working face coal mining being particularly suitable under complex geological condition
Road stability automatic measurement vehicle and its application method.
Background technique
Stope support system is made of " bottom plate-bracket-top plate ", in mining influence and the advanced branch bulging of bracket (column)
Power effect lower plate is subjected to displacement, deforms or even destroys, and while roadway floor destroys, top plate is also destroyed, even
Roof fall accident occurs, the destruction of bottom plate can further influence the supporting effect of stope and tunnel, and bracket (column) may occur to bore bottom
Or inclination, effective support force of bracket (column) significantly reduce, the amount of crushing increases, and directly absciss layer occurs for top, or even emits
Useful event, and may cause underground water redistribution, cause the generation of water inrush accident.Therefore stope support system pacifies coal mine
Standard-sized sheet, which is adopted, to play a significant role.
Therefore, it is the practical supporting capacity for guaranteeing prop, the bearer properties of research of coal seam floor is needed for bottom plate, are obtained
The rigidity and floor pressure ratio Air holder of bottom plate out is needed for bracket it needs to be determined that can hydraulic support meet site requirement for bottom plate
Scientific and reasonable planted agent guarantees that foolrstiffness and exploitation require, and so just can guarantee stope advance support system bearing safety.
Floor pressure ratio Air holder test is to carry out anti-injection test to seat earth, is analyzed by data, calculates bottom plate ratio
Press parameter.In advance support section, if the bottom plate of bearing advanced hydraulic support is weak bottom plate, bracket specific contact pressure value is greater than bottom
When plate tolerating ratio pressure value, bracket base may fall into bottom plate, cause bracket that cannot reach enough Support Resistances, domestic at present
The instrument for carrying out floor pressure ratio Air holder test mainly has impact type floor pressure ratio Air holder instrument and static pressure type floor pressure ratio Air holder instrument, impact type floor pressure ratio Air holder
Instrument is suitble to measure the floor pressure ratio Air holder compared with hard formation bottom plate, and instrument precision is not high, and is served only for measurement pressing mold compression distance one
Determine the floor pressure ratio Air holder in range, measurement range is smaller, for improper in the case of this paper；Static pressure type floor pressure ratio Air holder instrument is suitble to measure
Compared with the floor pressure ratio Air holder of incompetent bed bottom plate, instrument precision is higher, but worker is needed to shoulder external poured individual prop, but this hair
Bright is the test for whole roadway floor than pressure, and main difficulty has: whole tunnel is up to more than 2000 meters, the basic nothing of hydraulic power unit
Method provides in so long distance for individual prop hydraulic；Second, if required supplementation with a large amount of hydraulic using hydraulic hand-pump
Emulsion；The so long distance of third, it is also necessary to the pressing mold of different-thickness is carried, in total plus four or five ten jin together, worker's work
Intensity is very big；4th, long range measurements need to replace pressing mold, the work of measurement at any time according to the pressing mold intrusion measured at that time
It measures too greatly, record work is many and diverse；5th, traditional measurement work does not consider a possibility that top plate damages by pressure, because special thick
In coal seam, back is coal, then many tests are to need to consider that top plate indentation reduced pressure test bring influences.
Drift stability mainly includes top plate and bottom plate, and traditional test is such as only simply surveyed with respect in a certain respect
Part anchor-holding force of anchor bolt, or a small amount of floor pressure ratio Air holder value of test are measured, the stability in whole tunnel is replaced with this, in complex surrounding rock
In the case of, this mode be it is very not rigorous, especially the measurement point of top plate and bottom plate often and disunity, for drift section
The measurement of overall stability with evaluation be it is very unscientific, substantially in complex surrounding rock, drift section changing value is one
A very important parameter, but how quickly, largely, accurately measures the section of measuring point and profile is the problem of being difficult.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is directed under the conditions of weak bottom plate, due to working face mining influence and advanced bearing
The influence of pressure increases a possibility that empty crossheading top plate occurs to sink, pucking occurs for bottom plate, especially weak foolrstiffness
Low, bracket, which is easy to happen, to be bored bottom and even tilts, the unstable problem of stope support system and the advanced section in a kind of tunnel researched and developed is steady
Qualitative automatic measurement vehicle and its application method.
A kind of advanced section stability automatic measurement vehicle in tunnel including car body and is removably attached to improvement monomer thereon
Pillar；
The car body includes compartment board, and the improvement individual prop is removably attached on the compartment board, described
Operation machine and storage tank are additionally provided on compartment board, and be connected with the operation machine displacement measurement system, hydraulic metering system
System and drift section measuring system；The improvement individual prop respectively with the displacement measurement system, the hydraulic metering system
It is connected with the drift section measuring system；
The individual prop that improves is made of inner prop and the column jacket being set in outside the inner prop, and the column jacket is closed at one end
Hollow structure, hollow space is oil pocket, the inner prop be structure closed at both ends, one end is provided with top plate baffle, the other end
It is provided with sealing plate, the non-close end sealed connection of the sealing plate and the column jacket can be along the inner wall freedom of the column jacket
Sliding；
The drift section measuring system includes first level rangefinder, the second horizontal rangefinder and the horizontal ranging of third
Instrument, the first level rangefinder are fixed on the top of the side wall of the inner prop, the second horizontal rangefinder and the third
Horizontal rangefinder is separately fixed at the upper and lower part of the side wall of the column jacket；The first level rangefinder and the inner prop
Between having between side wall and between the second horizontal rangefinder and the horizontal rangefinder of the third and the side wall of the column jacket
Every.
The advanced section stability automatic measurement vehicle in tunnel of the present invention, wherein the improvement individual prop when standing upright, institute
Stating the vertical range between top plate baffle described in first level distance by stadimeter is 200mm, the second horizontal distance by stadimeter
Vertical range between the top of the column jacket is 100mm, between the bottom end of column jacket described in the horizontal distance by stadimeter of third
Vertical range be 200mm；
Between the first level rangefinder and the side wall of the inner prop and the second horizontal rangefinder and described
Horizontal distance between three horizontal rangefinders and the side wall of the column jacket is 150mm.
The advanced section stability automatic measurement vehicle in tunnel of the present invention, wherein the displacement measurement system includes fixing
Point, displacement data line and measurement table, the fixed point are fixed on the inner prop, and the measurement table is fixed on the column jacket,
The displacement data line connects the fixed point and the measurement table, the displacement data line and the axis for improving individual prop
Line direction is consistent.
The advanced section stability automatic measurement vehicle in tunnel of the present invention, wherein be provided with liquid injection port on the column jacket
And tap hole, the hydraulic metering system include hand-hydraulic case, and pressure rod, the hand are provided on the hand-hydraulic case
Hydrodynamic pressure case is connect by high pressure liquid injection pipe with the liquid injection port, is connect by emulsion recovery tube with the tap hole, in institute
It states and is provided with pressure sensor at liquid injection port, the operation machine is connected with the measurement table and the pressure sensor respectively.
The advanced section stability automatic measurement vehicle in tunnel of the present invention, wherein the car body is additionally provided with handrail and wheel
Body, the wheel body include two main wheels and an accessory whorl, and the middle rear side of the compartment board lower part, institute is arranged in described two main wheels
State the lower section that the compartment front edge of board is arranged in accessory whorl, when described two main wheels and an accessory whorl when being contacted with ground, it is described
The front end of compartment board tilts down, and the angle between the compartment board and horizontal plane is 11.3 °.
The advanced section stability automatic measurement vehicle in tunnel of the present invention, wherein the storage tank is to be arranged in the vehicle
A groove in carriage, is provided with the pressing mold of multiple and different specifications in the storage tank；
It is equipped with rubber pad on the compartment board of the lower part for improving individual prop, in the length of the rubber pad
The two sides in direction are provided with multiple limit Katos, and the improvement individual prop is placed in multiple limit Katos, the behaviour
It is removably attached on the compartment board as machine.
The advanced section stability automatic measurement vehicle in tunnel of the present invention, wherein the tap hole and the top plate baffle
The distance between be greater than the distance between the liquid injection port and the top plate baffle, and the tap hole and the liquid injection port phase
To setting on the column jacket.
The advanced section stability automatic measurement vehicle in tunnel of the present invention, wherein the diameter of the main wheel is 1m-1.2m,
The diameter of the accessory whorl is 100mm-150mm, and the horizontal distance between the center of the accessory whorl and the center of circle of the main wheel is 1m；
The inner prop and column jacket are cylinder, the outer column length be 2.2m, outer diameter 180mm, internal diameter 148mm,
The interior column length is 1.8m, and diameter 140mm, the oil pocket length is 0.6m-2m, diameter 148mm；The improvement monomer
Strut lengths are 2.4m-3.8m.
The advanced section stability automatic measurement vehicle in tunnel of the present invention, wherein the top plate baffle is square, side length
For 350-400mm, with a thickness of 10-12mm, material is steel or iron；The displacement data line is finer wire line, diameter 0.3mm-
0.6mm；
The pressing mold is totally five kinds of a, b, c, d, e, and diameter is respectively 50mm, 90mm, 120mm, 160mm and 200mm, thickness
Respectively 50mm, 40mm, 30mm, 20mm and 10mm.
It is a kind of that the whole tunnel of field measurement is carried out not using the advanced section stability automatic measurement vehicle in tunnel of the present invention
With the method for place floor pressure ratio Air holder, include the following steps:
Step 1: arrangement measuring point: the smooth tunnel region of landform arranges that a measuring point, terrain slope are greater than 8 ° every 10m
Or in the tunnel of 20m length, a measuring point is arranged every 5m in the region of any two high lower difference 500mm；
Step 2: measurement: the advanced section stability automatic measurement vehicle in tunnel is used, first measuring point is pushed it to, it is first clear
Bottom plate to be swept, individual prop righting will be improved, keeps vertical state, bottom plate has to contact completely,
The valve on high pressure liquid injection pipe is opened, will improve individual prop pressurization is deformed into top plate baffle top no longer to top plate
Preferably, pressing operations machine carries out digital number to measurement place, then presses clear key, so that displacement and pressure is set to zero, then be arranged
Pressing mold classification, each all corresponds to displacement varying thresholds；When displacement is more than corresponding threshold value, that is, illustrate that variable quantity is excessive, i.e.,
Pressing mold is improper, and operation chance is displayed in red indicator light prompting, at this moment needs to change the bigger pressing mold of diameter, until without red
When indicator light lights, illustrate that pressing mold is available；By start button, the valve on high pressure liquid injection pipe is opened simultaneously, on operation machine screen
It can see pressure and displacement curve figure, when pressure value reaches extreme value and drops to the 1/3~1/2 of extreme value, measurement work is complete
At, stopping fluid injection, but when pressure value does not occur extreme value or extreme value occurs but pressure value has not degraded the 1/3~1/2 of extreme value
When, displacement just alreadys exceed corresponding threshold value, that is, illustrates that variable quantity is excessive, i.e. pressing mold diameter is still less than normal, and operation chance is shown
Red indicating light is reminded, and the bigger pressing mold of diameter is at this moment needed to change, until illustrating that pressing mold can when lighting without red indicating light
With data are useful；
The spin button of tap hole is rotated, emulsion is released, inner prop sinks under the effect of gravity, when improvement individual prop top
When end is apart from back 50mm-150mm, the spin button of tap hole is reversely rotated, closes tap hole, while falling and improving list
On pillar body to car body, and transport next measuring point；
In measurement process, pressure sensor in liquid injection port oil pressure data line by pressure value in the form of electronic signal
It is input to operation machine；There is single-chip microcontroller in measurement table, change in displacement data are transferred in operation machine in the form of electronic signal, work as hand
When the pressure of hydrodynamic pressure case is inadequate, using manual ftercompction, pressurization is uniform.
Step 3: drift section profile measurement: when the improvement individual prop is in vertical working condition, first level
Rangefinder, the second horizontal rangefinder and the horizontal rangefinder of third can quickly be adjusted to vertical state under self gravity, release
Horizontal ultrasonic out, ultrasonic wave, which encounters tunnel portion, side, to be reflected, to measure distance, while the first level ranging
Instrument, the second horizontal rangefinder and the horizontal rangefinder of the third rotate horizontally, by meeting after constantly detecting super refreshing wave transmitting
Then the echo reflected to the tunnel portion of side finds out distance L to measure transmitting ultrasonic wave and receive the time difference T of echo；
The first level rangefinder, the second horizontal rangefinder and the horizontal rangefinder of the third and inner prop or column jacket simultaneously
Spacing between side wall is 150mm, and when the distance of measurement is less than 300mm, data invalid is not recorded, and this makes it possible to avoid
Ultrasonic measurement is horizontal with the first level rangefinder, the second horizontal rangefinder and the third to individual prop is improved
The distance between rangefinder, in all distance values of final measuring point measurement it is the smallest be tunnel vertical range, then plus
The top plate and bottom plate heights in upper displacement metering system measurement tunnel, in such tunnel Measure section, three horizontal profiles of upper, middle and lower
Lane side distance and roof and floor distance can record；
Step 4: the operation machine is according to data, for either party parameter value of top plate and bottom plate lower than secure threshold with
Under will mark red and alarm, data can store, and can discuss solving and Scheme of Strengthening on well.Weakness bottom plate item of the invention
Guarantee that the method difference from prior art of stope support system bearing safety is, has the advantages that under part
1, the advanced section stability automatic measurement vehicle in tunnel is researched and developed, fluid injection is recycled, is whole fluid injection using existing emulsion
Work service；
2, there is improvement individual prop on the advanced section stability automatic measurement vehicle in tunnel, it is ensured that the operating distance of upper km
It does not all need worker and shoulders monomer, be greatly reduced workload and working strength；
3, the advanced section stability automatic measurement Che Shangyou storage tank in tunnel can transport tens of jin pressing mold and other measurements
Component；
4, the advanced section stability automatic measurement vehicle in tunnel, can be different according to pressing mold label, have different displacement threshold values,
Do not need it is artificial judge whether pressing mold fully enters bottom plate and whether need replacing pressing mold, whole full-automatic measurement, greatly
It is big to improve measuring accuracy, reduce workload；
5, improving individual prop top plate has increasing top plate baffle, it is ensured that measurement result is not influenced by top plate, and it is quasi- to improve measurement
True property；
The advanced section stability automatic measurement vehicle in a kind of tunnel of the invention is described further with reference to the accompanying drawing.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the advanced section stability automatic measurement vehicle in tunnel of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the top view of Fig. 1；
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram that individual prop is improved in the advanced section stability automatic measurement vehicle in tunnel of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1-Figure 3, the advanced section stability automatic measurement vehicle in a kind of tunnel, including car body and be removably attached to
Improvement individual prop thereon；
Car body includes compartment board 1, improves individual prop and is removably attached on compartment board 1, also sets up on compartment board 1
There are operation machine 2 and storage tank 3, and the displacement measurement system, hydraulic metering system and the drift section that are connected with operation machine 2 measure
System；Individual prop is improved to be connected with displacement measurement system, hydraulic metering system and drift section measuring system respectively；
It improves individual prop to be made of inner prop 4 and the column jacket 5 being set in outside inner prop 4, column jacket 5 is hollow knot closed at one end
Structure, hollow space are oil pocket 6, and inner prop 4 is structure closed at both ends, and one end is provided with top plate baffle 7, and the other end is provided with sealing
The non-close end of plate 8, sealing plate and column jacket 5 is tightly connected, can along column jacket 5 inner wall it is free to slide；
Drift section measuring system includes first level rangefinder 22, the second horizontal rangefinder 23 and the horizontal rangefinder of third
24, first level rangefinder 22 is fixed on the top of the side wall of inner prop 4, the second horizontal rangefinder 23 and the horizontal rangefinder 24 of third
It is separately fixed at the upper and lower part of the side wall of column jacket 5；Between first level rangefinder 22 and the side wall of inner prop 4 and the second water
There is interval between flat rangefinder 23 and the horizontal rangefinder 24 of third and the side wall of column jacket 5.
Improve individual prop when standing upright, vertical range of the first level rangefinder 22 between top plate baffle 7 is
200mm, the vertical range between top of the second horizontal rangefinder 23 apart from column jacket 5 are 100mm, the horizontal rangefinder 24 of third away from
The vertical range between bottom end from column jacket 5 is 200mm；
Between first level rangefinder 22 and the side wall of inner prop 4 and the second horizontal rangefinder 23 and the horizontal rangefinder of third
Horizontal distance between 24 and the side wall of column jacket 5 is 150mm.
On the basis of above technical scheme, the following are optimal technical schemes:
Displacement measurement system includes fixed point 9, displacement data line 11 and measurement table 10, and fixed point 9 is fixed on inner prop 4,
Measurement table 10 is fixed on column jacket 5, and displacement data line 11 is connected and fixed a little 9 and measurement table 10, displacement data line 11 and is improved single
The axis direction of pillar body is consistent；
Liquid injection port 12 and tap hole 13 are provided on column jacket 5, hydraulic metering system includes hand-hydraulic case 14, manual
Pressure rod 15 is provided on hydraulic fluid tank 14, hand-hydraulic case 14 is connect by high pressure liquid injection pipe 16 with liquid injection port 12, and emulsification is passed through
Liquid recovery tube 17 is connect with tap hole 13, is provided with pressure sensor at liquid injection port 12, operation machine 2 respectively with measurement table 10 and
Pressure sensor is connected.The distance between tap hole 13 and top plate baffle 7 be greater than between liquid injection port 12 and top plate baffle 7 away from
From, and tap hole 13 and liquid injection port 12 are oppositely arranged on column jacket 5.The efficiency in hydraulic metering system tunnel whole for measurement
It greatly improves, does not need again artificial emulsion of shouldering and supplement, worker's workload substantially reduces；It pressurizes on hand-hydraulic case 14
Bar 15 can increase pressure for hand-hydraulic case 14, open the valve on high pressure liquid injection pipe 16, can be improvement individual prop note
Liquid improves individual prop under the action of high-pressure emulsion, rises inner prop 4 and measures work；When rotation 13 button of tap hole
When, emulsion release inside individual prop is improved, hand-hydraulic case 14 is flowed by emulsion recovery tube 17；And then circulation industrial
Make.Liquid injection port 12 is close to 14 side of hand-hydraulic case, and tap hole 13 is in 12 opposite side of liquid injection port, liquid injection port 12 and improvement monomer branch
The distance of top end is less than tap hole 13 and improves at a distance from individual prop top, is primarily due to stand when improvement individual prop
When work, such design can shorten the distance of pipeline and route；Liquid injection port 12 and tap hole 13 are improving individual prop
Two sides when being to be placed on car, will not be expressed to pipeline and route.
Car body is additionally provided with handrail 18 and wheel body, and wheel body includes two main wheels 19 and an accessory whorl 20, and two main wheels 19 are set
The middle rear side in 1 lower part of compartment board is set, the lower section of 1 front end of compartment board is arranged in accessory whorl 20, when two main wheels 19 and an accessory whorl
20 when being contacted with ground, and the front end of compartment board 1 tilts down, and the angle between compartment board 1 and horizontal plane is 11.3 °.
Storage tank 3 is a groove being arranged on compartment board 1, and the pressure of multiple and different specifications is provided in storage tank 3
Mould；
It is equipped with rubber pad on the compartment board 1 of lower part for improving individual prop, can guarantee increasing friction force in this way, keep away
Exempt from unnecessary shaking, the two sides of the length direction of rubber pad are provided with multiple limit Katos 21, improves individual prop and places
In multiple limit Katos 21, it is ensured that improve and be just stuck when column jacket 5 has just contacted plate in individual prop, will not shake
Dynamic, operation machine 2 is removably secured (for example fixing using velcro) on compartment board 1.
The diameter of main wheel 19 is 1m-1.2m, needs curved waist, long range measurements to will cause worker's division lower than 1m worker's cart
Situations such as Fu is excessively tired, while underground backplate surface is uneven, gully, muddy water is more, and wheel is too small to be blocked.Wheel diameter is too
Greatly, not easy to operate in the narrow tunnel in underground, meanwhile, diameter causes greatly vehicle body excessively high very much, improve individual prop righting when not
It is convenient, it be easy to cause landing to impact, it is all dangerous to route, pipeline and master worker.
The diameter of accessory whorl 20 is 100mm-150mm, and the horizontal distance between the center of accessory whorl 20 and the center of circle of main wheel 19 is
1m；When car body level, the vertical range on accessory whorl 20 and ground is 200mm, and 20 main function of accessory whorl is that improvement individual prop is vertical
The balance that nearly 11.3 ° of car body are maintained when work guarantees that hand-hydraulic case 14 and operation machine 2 work normally, while this angle
Also it can guarantee to improve when monomer supporting goes to vertical working condition by lying status and big collision and impact will not occur with ground.
Inner prop 4 and column jacket 5 are cylinder, and 5 length of column jacket is 2.2m, outer diameter 180mm, internal diameter 148mm, inner prop 4
Length is 1.8m, and diameter 140mm, 6 length of oil pocket is 0.6m-2m, diameter 148mm；Improvement individual prop length is 2.4m-
3.8m.Improving individual prop maximum height can satisfy the requirement of most areas in detection tunnel, for seldom deforming play
It is strong that region of the head-room lower than 2.8m is caused not considered.
Top plate baffle 7 is square, side length 350-400mm, and with a thickness of 10-12mm, material is steel or iron, main purpose
To increase and top board surface product, reduction pressure.Very big or when floor rock is very rigid in bottom stamper surface area, having very much can
4 top-surface area of energy inner prop is too small to cause back that broken equal " mutation " occurs, and " mutation " will result in monitoring curve and turn
Point can allow staff to be mistaken for floor pressure ratio Air holder testing result, therefore top plate baffle 7 increases and top board surface product, it is ensured that survey
Amount result is not influenced by top plate, improves measurement accuracy.
Displacement data line 11 be finer wire line, diameter 0.3mm-0.6mm, ductility is extremely low, i.e., will not because of stress and
Extend.Displacement line can be stretched from measurement table, can also be shunk with individual prop contraction is improved；Pressing mold be a, b, c, d,
Totally five kinds of e, diameter is respectively 50mm, 90mm, 120mm, 160mm and 200mm, and thickness is respectively 50mm, 40mm, 30mm, 20mm
And 10mm.
First level rangefinder 22, the second horizontal rangefinder 23 and the horizontal rangefinder of third in drift section measuring system
24 have automatic adjustment horizontal functional, improve individual prop it is in running order when, i.e., as far as possible vertical state when, three
Horizontal rangefinder can quickly be adjusted to vertical state under self gravity, and horizontal rangefinder releases horizontal ultrasonic, ultrasound
Wave, which encounters tunnel portion, side, to be reflected, to measure distance, while horizontal rangefinder can rotate horizontally it is super by constantly detecting
The echo that tunnel portion, side is reflected is encountered after refreshing wave transmitting, to measure transmitting ultrasonic wave and receive the time difference T of echo, so
After find out distance L, the spacing between horizontal rangefinder and cylinder be 150mm, when the distance of measurement be less than 300mm when, data without
Effect, does not record, i.e., thus can be to avoid the distance between ultrasonic measurement to cylinder and horizontal rangefinder, a final measuring point
The vertical range in the smallest as tunnel, horizontal stadia surveying range 0.05-10m, measurement essence in all distance values of measurement
Degree is ± 1.5mm, cheap, general 100 yuan/or so.
The design of all sizes should be preferred embodiment, not be the limitation to overall technical architecture.
Embodiment 2
It is a kind of that the whole tunnel of field measurement is carried out differently using the advanced section stability automatic measurement vehicle in tunnel of the invention
The method of point floor pressure ratio Air holder, includes the following steps:
Step 1: arrangement measuring point: the smooth tunnel region of landform arranges that a measuring point, terrain slope are greater than 8 ° every 10m
Or in 20m length, a measuring point is arranged every 5m in the region of any high lower difference 500mm in tunnel；
Step 2: measurement: the advanced section stability automatic measurement vehicle in tunnel is used, first measuring point is pushed it to, it is first clear
Bottom plate to be swept, individual prop righting will be improved, keeps vertical state, bottom plate has to contact completely,
The valve on high pressure liquid injection pipe 16 is opened, will improve individual prop pressurization becomes the top of top plate baffle 7 no longer to top plate
Shape is advisable, and 2 pairs of measurement places of pressing operations machine carry out digital numbers, then press clear key, and displacement and pressure is made to be set to zero, then
Pressing mold classification is set, each all corresponds to displacement varying thresholds；When displacement is more than corresponding threshold value, that is, illustrate variable quantity mistake
Greatly, i.e., pressing mold is improper, and operation machine 2 can be displayed in red indicator light prompting, the bigger pressing mold of diameter is at this moment needed to change, until not having
When thering is red indicating light to light, illustrate that pressing mold is available；By start button, the valve on high pressure liquid injection pipe 16 is opened simultaneously, is being operated
It can be seen that pressure and displacement curve figure are surveyed when pressure value reaches extreme value and drops to the 1/3~1/2 of extreme value on 2 screen of machine
It measures work to complete, stops fluid injection, but when pressure value does not occur extreme value or extreme value occurs but pressure value has not degraded extreme value
When 1/3~1/2, displacement just alreadys exceed corresponding threshold value, that is, illustrates that variable quantity is excessive, i.e. pressing mold diameter is still less than normal, operation
Chance is displayed in red indicator light prompting, at this moment needs to change the bigger pressing mold of diameter, until saying when lighting without red indicating light
Bright pressing mold is available, and data are useful；
The spin button of tap hole 13 is rotated, emulsion is released, inner prop 4 sinks under the effect of gravity, when improvement monomer branch
When top end is apart from back 50mm-150mm, the spin button of tap hole 13 is reversely rotated, tap hole 13 is closed, puts simultaneously
It improves on individual prop to car body, and transports next measuring point；
In measurement process, the pressure sensor in liquid injection port 12 passes through oil pressure data line for pressure value with the shape of electronic signal
Formula is input to operation machine 2；There is single-chip microcontroller in measurement table 10, change in displacement data are transferred to operation machine 2 in the form of electronic signal
In, when the pressure of hand-hydraulic case 14 is inadequate, using manual ftercompction, pressurization is uniform；
Step 3: drift section profile measurement: when improvement individual prop is in vertical working condition, first level ranging
Instrument 22, the second horizontal rangefinder 23 and the horizontal rangefinder 24 of third can quickly be adjusted to vertical state, release under self gravity
Horizontal ultrasonic is released, ultrasonic wave, which encounters tunnel portion, side, to be reflected, to measure distance, while first level rangefinder
22, the second horizontal rangefinder 23 and the horizontal rangefinder 24 of third rotate horizontally, by encountering lane after constantly detecting super refreshing wave transmitting
Then the echo that road portion, side is reflected finds out distance L to measure transmitting ultrasonic wave and receive the time difference T of echo；Simultaneously
Between first level rangefinder 22, the second horizontal rangefinder 23 and the horizontal rangefinder 24 of third and inner prop 4 or the side wall of column jacket 5
Spacing be 150mm, when the distance of measurement be less than 300mm when, data invalid does not record, and this makes it possible to avoid ultrasound
Measure improve between individual prop and first level rangefinder 22, the second horizontal rangefinder 23 and the horizontal rangefinder 24 of third away from
From the vertical range in the smallest as tunnel, adds displacement measurement system in all distance values of final measuring point measurement
The top plate and bottom plate heights for measuring tunnel, in such tunnel Measure section, the lane side distance of three horizontal profiles of upper, middle and lower and top
Bottom plate distance can record；
Step 4: operation machine 2 is according to data, it is below lower than secure threshold for top plate and either party parameter value of bottom plate
Red and alarm will be marked, data can store, and solution and Scheme of Strengthening can be discussed on well.Embodiment described above is only
It is that preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described, is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, is set not departing from the present invention
Under the premise of meter spirit, the various changes and improvements that those of ordinary skill in the art make technical solution of the present invention should all
It falls into the protection scope that claims of the present invention determines.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of method of the whole tunnel different location floor pressure ratio Air holder of field measurement, characterized by the following steps:
Step 1: arrangement measuring point: the smooth tunnel region of landform every 10m arrange a measuring point, terrain slope be greater than 8 ° or
In the distance of 20m long, a measuring point is arranged every 5m in the region that 500mm is differed at any height；
Step 2: measurement: using the advanced section stability automatic measurement vehicle in tunnel, push it to first measuring point, first clean bottom
Plate will improve individual prop righting, keep vertical state, it is complete that bottom plate has to contact；
The advanced section stability automatic measurement vehicle in tunnel includes car body and is removably attached to improvement individual prop thereon；
The car body includes compartment board (1), and the improvement individual prop is removably attached on the compartment board (1), in institute
It states and is additionally provided with operation machine (2) and storage tank (3) on compartment board (1), and the displacement measurement system being connected with the operation machine (2)
System, hydraulic metering system and drift section measuring system；The improvement individual prop respectively with the displacement measurement system, described
Hydraulic metering system is connected with the drift section measuring system；
The improvement individual prop is by inner prop (4) and is set in the column jacket (5) of the inner prop (4) outside and constitutes, and the column jacket (5) is
Hollow structure closed at one end, hollow space are oil pocket (6), and the inner prop (4) is structure closed at both ends, and one end is provided with top
Plate baffle (7), the other end are provided with sealing plate (8), and the non-close end of the sealing plate and the column jacket (5) is tightly connected, energy
Enough inner walls along the column jacket (5) are free to slide；
The drift section measuring system includes that first level rangefinder (22), the second horizontal rangefinder (23) and third level are surveyed
Distance meter (24), the first level rangefinder (22) are fixed on the top of the side wall of the inner prop (4), the second horizontal ranging
Instrument (23) and the horizontal rangefinder of the third (24) are separately fixed at the upper and lower part of the side wall of the column jacket (5)；It is described to change
When standing upright into individual prop, vertical range of the first level rangefinder (22) between the top plate baffle (7) is
200mm, the vertical range between top of the second horizontal rangefinder (23) apart from the column jacket (5) they are 100mm, described the
Vertical range between bottom end of the three horizontal rangefinders (24) apart from the column jacket (5) is 200mm；
Between the first level rangefinder (22) and the side wall of the inner prop (4) and the second horizontal rangefinder (23) and
Horizontal distance between the horizontal rangefinder of third (24) and the side wall of the column jacket (5) is 150mm；
The displacement measurement system includes fixed point (9), displacement data line (11) and measurement table (10), and the fixed point (9) is solid
It is scheduled on the inner prop (4), the measurement table (10) is fixed on the column jacket (5), and the displacement data line (11) connects institute
State fixed point (9) and the measurement table (10), the displacement data line (11) and the axis direction one for improving individual prop
It causes；
Liquid injection port (12) and tap hole (13) are provided on the column jacket (5), the hydraulic metering system includes hand-hydraulic
Case (14) is provided with pressure rod (15) on the hand-hydraulic case (14), and the hand-hydraulic case (14) passes through high pressure fluid injection
Pipe (16) is connect with the liquid injection port (12), is connect by emulsion recovery tube (17) with the tap hole (13), in the note
Be provided with pressure sensor at liquid mouth (12), the operation machine (2) respectively with the measurement table (10) and the pressure sensor
It is connected；
In use, opening the valve on high pressure liquid injection pipe (16), will improve individual prop pressurization makes top plate baffle (7) top to top plate
No longer deformation is advisable, and pressing operations machine (2) carries out digital number to measurement place, then presses clear key, sets displacement and pressure all
It is set to zero, then pressing mold classification is set, each all corresponds to displacement varying thresholds；When displacement is more than corresponding threshold value, that is, illustrate
Variable quantity is excessive, i.e., pressing mold is improper, and operation machine (2) can be displayed in red indicator light prompting, and it is bigger at this moment to need to change diameter
Pressing mold, until illustrating that pressing mold is available when lighting without red indicating light；By start button, open simultaneously on high pressure liquid injection pipe (16)
Valve, it can be seen that pressure and displacement curve figure on operation machine (2) screen, when pressure value reaches extreme value and drops to extreme value
1/3~1/2 when, measurement work is completed, and stops fluid injection, but do not occur extreme value or extreme value but pressure value occur also when pressure value
When not dropping to the 1/3~1/2 of extreme value, displacement just alreadys exceed corresponding threshold value, that is, illustrates that variable quantity is excessive, i.e. pressing mold diameter
Still less than normal, operation chance is displayed in red indicator light prompting, the bigger pressing mold of diameter is at this moment needed to change, until referring to without red
When showing that lamp lights, illustrate that pressing mold is available, data are useful；
The spin button of tap hole (13) is rotated, emulsion is released, inner prop (4) sinks under the effect of gravity, when improvement monomer branch
When top end is apart from back 50mm-150mm, the spin button of tap hole (13) is reversely rotated, is closed tap hole (13), together
When fell and improved on individual prop to car body, and transport next measuring point；
In measurement process, pressure sensor in liquid injection port (12) oil pressure data line by pressure value in the form of electronic signal
It is input to operation machine (2)；There is single-chip microcontroller in measurement table (10), change in displacement data are transferred to operation machine in the form of electronic signal
(2) inner, when the pressure of hand-hydraulic case (14) is inadequate, using manual ftercompction, pressurization is uniform；
Step 3: drift section profile measurement: when the improvement individual prop is in vertical working condition, first level ranging
Under self gravity, it is vertical to be quickly adjusted to for instrument (22), the second horizontal rangefinder (23) and the horizontal rangefinder of third (24)
State releases horizontal ultrasonic, and ultrasonic wave, which encounters tunnel portion, side, to be reflected, to measure distance, while described first
Horizontal rangefinder (22), the second horizontal rangefinder (23) and the horizontal rangefinder of the third (24) rotate horizontally, by not
Encounter the echo that tunnel portion, side is reflected after disconnected detection ultrasonic wave transmitting, thus measure transmitting ultrasonic wave and receive echo when
Between difference T, then find out distance L；It is between the first level rangefinder (22) and the side wall of the inner prop (4) and described simultaneously
Horizontal distance between second horizontal rangefinder (23) and the horizontal rangefinder of the third (24) and the side wall of the column jacket (5) is
150mm, when the distance of measurement be less than 300mm when, data invalid does not record, this makes it possible to avoid ultrasonic measurement to improvement
Individual prop and the first level rangefinder (22), the second horizontal rangefinder (23) and the horizontal rangefinder of the third
The distance between (24), the vertical range in the smallest as tunnel, is added in all distance values of final measuring point measurement
The top plate and bottom plate heights in displacement measurement systematic survey tunnel, in such tunnel Measure section, three horizontal profiles of upper, middle and lower
Lane side distance and roof and floor distance can record；
Step 4: the operation machine (2) is according to data, for top plate and bottom plate either party parameter value lower than below secure threshold
Will mark red and alarm, data can store, and can discuss solving and Scheme of Strengthening on well.
2. the method for the whole tunnel different location floor pressure ratio Air holder of field measurement according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: institute
It states car body and is additionally provided with handrail (18) and wheel body, the wheel body includes two main wheels (19) and an accessory whorl (20), described two
The middle rear side in the compartment board (1) lower part is arranged in main wheel (19), and the accessory whorl (20) is arranged in the compartment board (1) front end
Lower section, when described two main wheels (19) and an accessory whorl (20) when being contacted with ground, the front end of the compartment board (1) dips down
Tiltedly, the angle between the compartment board (1) and horizontal plane is 11.3 °.
3. the method for the whole tunnel different location floor pressure ratio Air holder of field measurement according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: institute
Stating storage tank (3) is a groove being arranged on the compartment board (1), is provided in the storage tank (3) multiple and different
The pressing mold of specification；
It is equipped with rubber pad on the compartment board (1) of the lower part for improving individual prop, in the length of the rubber pad
The two sides in direction are provided with multiple limit Katos (21), and the improvement individual prop is placed on multiple limit Katos (21)
Interior, the operation machine (2) is removably attached on the compartment board (1).
4. the method for the whole tunnel different location floor pressure ratio Air holder of field measurement according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: institute
State the distance between tap hole (13) and the top plate baffle (7) greater than the liquid injection port (12) and the top plate baffle (7) it
Between distance, and the tap hole (13) and the liquid injection port (12) are oppositely arranged on the column jacket (5).
5. the method for the whole tunnel different location floor pressure ratio Air holder of field measurement according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: institute
The diameter for stating main wheel (19) is 1m-1.2m, and the diameter of the accessory whorl (20) is 100mm-150mm, the center of the accessory whorl (20)
Horizontal distance between the center of circle of the main wheel (19) is 1m；The inner prop (4) and column jacket (5) are cylinder, described outer
Column (5) length is 2.2m, outer diameter 180mm, internal diameter 148mm, and inner prop (4) length is 1.8m, diameter 140mm, institute
Stating oil pocket (6) length is 0.6m-2m, diameter 148mm；The improvement individual prop length is 2.4m-3.8m.
6. the method for the whole tunnel different location floor pressure ratio Air holder of field measurement according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: institute
It states top plate baffle (7) to be square, side length 350-400mm, with a thickness of 10-12mm, material is steel or iron；The displacement data
Line (11) is finer wire line, diameter 0.3mm-0.6mm；
The pressing mold is totally five kinds of a, b, c, d, e, and diameter is respectively 50mm, 90mm, 120mm, 160mm and 200mm, thickness difference
For 50mm, 40mm, 30mm, 20mm and 10mm.
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| CN201611035138.0A CN107037132B (en) | 2016-11-18 | 2016-11-18 | A kind of advanced section stability automatic measurement vehicle in tunnel and its application method |
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| CN107037132B true CN107037132B (en) | 2019-11-15 |
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| CN107701175A (en) * | 2017-09-04 | 2018-02-16 | 许满贵 | A kind of coal-bed gas pressure measurement apparatus |
| CN108979619B (en) * | 2018-09-14 | 2021-09-21 | 华北科技学院 | Method for determining position of advanced support pressure peak in fully mechanized caving mining |
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| CN201689014U (en) * | 2010-05-10 | 2010-12-29 | 天地科技股份有限公司 | Portable base plate specific pressure testing device |
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| CN104044610A (en) * | 2014-06-26 | 2014-09-17 | 长治市同诚机械有限公司 | Single prop van for mine |
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| CN101339089A (en) * | 2008-08-08 | 2009-01-07 | 枣庄矿业集团付村煤业有限公司 | Single bottom prop liquid-discharging reclaiming and utilization device |
| CN201689014U (en) * | 2010-05-10 | 2010-12-29 | 天地科技股份有限公司 | Portable base plate specific pressure testing device |
| CN103018108A (en) * | 2012-12-14 | 2013-04-03 | 山东科技大学 | Device for testing bearing capacity of base plate |
| CN203324113U (en) * | 2013-07-08 | 2013-12-04 | 山东科技大学 | Simple testing device of base plate specific pressure of fully-mechanized mining face |
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