CN106767368A - One kind is based on circumferential electric field pipe surface shear crack measurement apparatus and method - Google Patents
One kind is based on circumferential electric field pipe surface shear crack measurement apparatus and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106767368A CN106767368A CN201611154788.7A CN201611154788A CN106767368A CN 106767368 A CN106767368 A CN 106767368A CN 201611154788 A CN201611154788 A CN 201611154788A CN 106767368 A CN106767368 A CN 106767368A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B7/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques
- G01B7/02—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring length, width or thickness
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B7/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques
- G01B7/30—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/72—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables
- G01N27/82—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables for investigating the presence of flaws
- G01N27/83—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables for investigating the presence of flaws by investigating stray magnetic fields
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Abstract
Circumferential electric field pipe surface flaw angle measurement apparatus and method are based on the invention discloses one kind, including stand, pipeline, probe, driver, PLC, computer, capture card and signal generator, the probe includes excitation coil, flexible PCB and the radial magnetic field sensor and amplifier that are arranged on flexible PCB, the computer is connected by capture card with the amplifier on the flexible PCB in probe, amplifier is connected with radial magnetic field sensor, the computer is connected by PLC with driver, the motor connection of driver and stand, the signal generator is connected with excitation coil.The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：Based on circumferential electric field detection technique, the characteristics of bypassing crackle using the electric field of annular and cause space magnetic field to distort, using sensor array and detection stand, a scanning can realize the quantitative measurment of pipe surface shear crack angle and length.
Description
Technical field
It is more particularly to a kind of to be based on circumferential electric field pipe surface Crack Angle the present invention relates to pipeline crack field of non destructive testing
Degree measurement apparatus and method.
Background technology
The fields such as pipeline is transported in oil and gas development, the energy, heated, municipal works have a wide range of applications.It is multiple due to bearing
Miscellaneous stress, expand with heat and contract with cold and corrosiveness, pipe surface is easy to produce the crackle of different angles.Traditional flux-leakage detection method is needed
Want the magnetic line of force vertical with crackle, be difficult to the detection of other direction crackles.Alternating current field measurement method needs induction field
It is vertical with crackle, it is more faint for electric field signal parallel to crackle, it is difficult to effectively to recognize non-perpendicular crackle.Traditional detection platform
Frame can not become Calibration, the not versatility for causing pipe surface shear crack to measure.Traditional detection means are detection flaw angle,
Need to detect within one week pipeline, efficiency is low and easy missing inspection.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is not enough aiming at prior art, there is provided one kind is based on circumferential electric field pipe surface Crack Angle
Degree measurement apparatus and method, based on circumferential electric field detection technique, bypass crackle and cause space magnetic field to distort using the electric field of annular
The characteristics of, using sensor array and detection stand, a scanning can realize quantifying for pipe surface shear crack angle and length
Measurement.
One kind be based on circumferential electric field pipe surface flaw angle measurement apparatus, including stand, pipeline, probe, driver,
PLC, computer, capture card and signal generator, the probe include excitation coil, flexible PCB and are arranged on flexible circuit
Radial magnetic field sensor and amplifier on plate, the computer is by the amplification on the flexible PCB in capture card and probe
Device is connected, and amplifier is connected with radial magnetic field sensor, and the computer is connected by PLC with driver, driver and stand
Motor connection, the signal generator is connected with excitation coil.
The stand include base, datum level, baseline trough, motor, driving wheel, driven pulley, bearing, bearing block, probe, swash
Coil, support, adjusting means, supporting plate and pinch roller are encouraged, the bearing is pacified along base length direction by a line of datum level
In the baseline trough of base, four driving wheels and some driven pulleys are arranged on bearing by bearing block, wherein both sides of popping one's head in
At least respectively set a driving wheel, the driving wheel and driven pulley are in the same size and be circumferentially with the surface groove that inclination angle is r, the electricity
Machine is connected by shaft coupling with driving wheel, and the driving wheel for connecting motor is connected by Timing Belt with three, right side driving wheel, support
Installed in the baseline trough both sides of base, the adjusting means that suspension is installed in bottom is arranged on the crossbeam of support, the adjusting means
For feed screw nut coordinates, probe is arranged on the mounting hole of suspension by hole for hoist, and two pinch rollers are arranged on two by wheel pressing shaft
On the linear bearing of individual supporting plate, spring is provided between pinch roller and supporting plate, wheel pressing shaft top is installed together by connecting plate.
The boss at the probe two ends is provided with hole for hoist, and flexible PCB is wrapped in the groove of probe, is wrapped in probe
Excitation coil in groove all covers flexible PCB, and flexible PCB medial center is provided with some radial direction magnetic of uniform arrangement
Field sensor array, flexible PCB end is provided with some amplifiers of connection corresponding with radial magnetic field sensor.
One kind is based on circumferential electric field pipe surface shear crack measuring method, comprises the steps of：
(1) pipeline of a diameter of D is placed on the driving wheel and driven pulley of stand, it is left that pipe surface shear crack is located at probe
Side, computer is connected to by the USB data line of PLC and capture card, starts PLC and signal generator, and setting signal generator is produced
The sinusoidal ac signal of raw certain frequency and amplitude is loaded onto on the excitation coil of probe；
(2) can be in the hope of in conduit axis and driving wheel by the diameter D of the inclined-plane groove tilt angle r and pipeline of driving wheel and driven pulley
The heart is vertical away from being H=D/sin (r)-D sin (r)-P, and it is C=2 × Π × H that driving wheel rotates one week distance of pipeline advance；
(3) the minimum corner of motor is that 0.01 °/pulse realizes that driving wheel is rotated, it is necessary to PLC launches 36000 pulse signals
360 °, then the distance that each pulse pipe of PLC advances is C/36000, according to the umber of pulse N that PLC sends each second, can be in the hope of
The speed of conduit running is that v=CN/36000 is per second；
(4) excitation coil of loading sinusoidal ac signal can internally produce axial alternating magnetic field, and axial alternating magnetic field can be in pipe
Road surface produces circumferential uniform electric field, and when electric field runs into the shear crack of pipe surface, electric field gathers in two end points of shear crack
Collect and deflect and direction of rotation is conversely, according to Faraday's electromagnetic induction law, the opposite electric current in direction of rotation can produce two sides
To opposite and vertical with pipeline cambered surface radial magnetic field+Br and-Br；
(5) because pipeline uniform speed slow is internal through probe, a certain radial magnetic field being wrapped on the upper flexible PCB of probe is passed
Sensor measures the radial magnetic field-Br vertical with pipeline cambered surface first, after pipe motion time t, on probe on flexible PCB between
Second radial magnetic field sensor at a certain distance measures the radial magnetic field+Br vertical with pipeline cambered surface again；
(6) two radial magnetic field sensors measure magnetic field signal and are amplified into capture card by amplifier, are passed through in capture card
Cross after A/D conversions and enter computer, computer is according to measuring two of distorted magnetic field maximum in array radial magnetic field sensor
The position of radial magnetic field sensor sum can determine that air line distance between the two is AC, the pulse that computer sends according to PLC
Number determines the time interval t between pipe motion speed v and two peak values, can try to achieve measuring for two radial magnetic field sensors abnormal
Relative position vt of the varying magnetic field peak value in pipe surface；
(7) according to the size relationship of triangle, it is a=arctan (AC/ that can try to achieve the angle between shear crack and conduit axis
Vt), the length of shear crack is
Brief description of the drawings
Accompanying drawing 1 is detection stand structure chart of the invention.
Accompanying drawing 2 is sonde configuration figure of the invention.
Accompanying drawing 3 is flexible circuit board structure figure of the invention.
Accompanying drawing 4 is that conduit running speed of the invention calculates schematic diagram.
Accompanying drawing 5 is pipeline shear crack instrumentation plan of the invention.
In upper figure：Base (1), motor (2), driving wheel (3), driven pulley (4), bearing (5), bearing block (6), probe (7),
Hole for hoist (7.1), flexible PCB (7.2), radial magnetic field sensor (7.2.1), amplifier (7.2.2), groove (7.3), swash
Encourage coil (8), support (9), adjusting means (10), suspension (10.1), supporting plate (11), pinch roller (12), spring (12.1), connection
Plate (12.2), linear bearing (12.3), wheel pressing shaft (12.4), pipeline (13), driver (14), PLC (15), computer (16),
Capture card (17), signal generator (18).
Specific embodiment
With reference to accompanying drawing 1-5, the invention will be further described：
To make the purpose, technical scheme and advantage of the embodiment of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention
In accompanying drawing, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is
A part of embodiment of the present invention, rather than whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art
The all other embodiment obtained on the premise of creative work is not paid, belongs to the scope of protection of the invention.
It should be noted that in the case where not conflicting, the feature in embodiments of the invention and embodiment can be mutual
Combination.
As Figure 1-3, the present invention includes stand, pipeline (13), probe (7), driver (14), PLC (15), computer
(16), capture card (17) and signal generator (18), the probe (7) including excitation coil (8), flexible PCB (7.2) and
Radial magnetic field sensor (7.2.1) and amplifier (7.2.2) on flexible PCB are arranged on, the computer (16) is by adopting
Truck (17) with probe (7) in flexible PCB (7.2) on amplifier (7.2.2) be connected, amplifier (7.2.2) with radial direction
Magnetic field sensor (7.2.1) is connected, and the computer (16) is connected by PLC (15) with driver (14), driver (14) and
Motor (2) connection of stand, the signal generator (18) is connected with excitation coil (8).
As shown in figure 1, stand include base (1), datum level (1.1), baseline trough (1.2), motor (2), driving wheel (3),
Driven pulley (4), bearing (5), bearing block (6), probe (7), excitation coil (8), support (9), adjusting means (10), supporting plate
(11) and pinch roller (12), the bearing (5) is that a line is arranged on base with datum level (1.1) along base (1) length direction
(1) in baseline trough (1.2), it is ensured that driving wheel and driven pulley are located at same straight line in length direction, are located in short transverse
Same horizontal line, four driving wheels (3) and some driven pulleys (4) on bearing (5), are conveniently adjusted by bearing block (6)
From the horizontal level and linearity that move in turn with driving wheel, wherein probe (7) both sides at least respectively set a driving wheel (4), it is ensured that pipe
Road can be passed through smoothly from probe is internal, the driving wheel (3) and driven pulley (4) is in the same size and to be circumferentially with inclination angle be r's
Surface groove, it is ensured that can drag different tube diameters pipe motion, the motor (2) is connected by shaft coupling with driving wheel (3), connection
The driving wheel (3) of motor is connected by three driving wheels in Timing Belt and right side, baseline trough of the support (9) installed in base (1)
(1.2) both sides, bottom install suspension (10.1) adjusting means (10) on the crossbeam of support (9), the adjusting means
(10) for feed screw nut coordinates, by the position of the handwheel adjustable suspension of rotational lead screw end, it is ensured that probe is same with pipeline
Axle degree, to adapt to the detection of different tube diameters shear crack, probe (7) by hole for hoist (7.1) installed in suspension (10.1) installation
Kong Shang, two pinch rollers (12) by wheel pressing shaft (12.4) on two linear bearings (12.3) of supporting plate (11), pinch roller
(12) spring is provided with and supporting plate (11) between, plays and produce certain pressure effect, it is ensured that pipeline is in driving wheel or driven pulley
Upper non-slip, wheel pressing shaft (12.4) top is installed together by connecting plate (12.2), it is ensured that pressure is certain between two-wheeled, can change
It is apt to mitigate because of the pipe vibration that wheel short transverse injustice causes the interference of vibration signal.
As Figure 2-3, the boss at probe (7) two ends is provided with hole for hoist (7.1), and flexible PCB (7.2) is wrapped in spy
In the groove (7.3) of head (7), the excitation coil (8) being wrapped in probe (7) groove (7.3) all covers flexible PCB
(7.2), flexible PCB (7.2) medial center is provided with some radial magnetic field sensor (7.2.1) arrays of uniform arrangement, flexible
Circuit board (7.2) end is provided with some amplifiers (7.2.2) of connection corresponding with radial magnetic field sensor (7.2.1).
As shown in figure 4, a kind of be based on circumferential electric field pipe surface shear crack measuring method, comprise the steps of：
(1) pipeline (13) of a diameter of D is placed on the driving wheel of stand (3) and driven pulley (4), pipeline (13) surface oblique segmentation
Line is located at probe (7) left side, and the USB data line of PLC (15) and capture card (17) is connected into computer (16), starts PLC
(15) and signal generator (18), setting signal generator (18) produces certain frequency and the sinusoidal ac signal of amplitude to be loaded onto
Pop one's head on the excitation coil (8) of (7)；
(2) by driving wheel (3) and driven pulley (4) inclined-plane groove tilt angle r and pipeline (13) diameter D can in the hope of conduit axis with
The center of driving wheel (3) is vertical away from be H=D/sin (r)-D sin (r)-P, and driving wheel (3) rotates one week distance of pipeline advance
It is C=2 × Π × H；
(3) the minimum corner of motor (2) is that 0.01 °/pulse realizes driving wheel, it is necessary to PLC (15) launches 36000 pulse signals
(3) 360 ° are rotated, then the distance that PLC (15) each pulse pipe advances is C/36000, is sent each second according to PLC (15)
Umber of pulse N, can be v=CN/36000/s in the hope of the speed of conduit running,
(4) excitation coil (8) of loading sinusoidal ac signal can internally produce axial alternating magnetic field, and axial alternating magnetic field can be
Pipeline (13) surface produces circumferential uniform electric field, when electric field runs into the shear crack of pipe surface, two in shear crack of electric field
Terminal A and B assemble and deflect and direction of rotation is conversely, as shown in figure 4, according to Faraday's electromagnetic induction law, direction of rotation phase
Anti- electric current can produce both direction opposite and radial magnetic field+the Br and-Br vertical with pipeline cambered surface；
(5) because pipeline uniform speed slow is internal through probe (7), it is wrapped in a certain on flexible PCB (7.2) on probe (7)
Radial magnetic field sensor N measures the radial magnetic field-Br vertical with pipeline cambered surface first, after pipe motion time t, on probe (7)
Second radial magnetic field sensor N being spaced in intervals on flexible PCB (7.2) measures vertical with pipeline cambered surface again
Radial magnetic field+Br；
(6) as shown in figure 5, two radial magnetic field sensors measure magnetic field signal is amplified into by amplifier (7.2.2) and adopts
Truck (17), by entering computer (16) after A/D conversions in capture card (17), computer (16) is according to array radial magnetic field
Measure that the position of two radial magnetic field sensors M and N of distorted magnetic field maximum can determine between the two in sensor is straight
Linear distance is AC, computer (16) according to the umber of pulse that PLC (15) sends determine pipeline (13) movement velocity v and two peak values it
Between time interval t, can try to achieve two radial magnetic field sensors measures relative position of the distorted magnetic field peak value in pipe surface
Vt, namely apart from BC；
(7) according to the size relationship of triangle, it is a=arctan (AC/ that can try to achieve the angle between shear crack and conduit axis
BC)=arctan (AC/vt), the length of shear crack is
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：Based on circumferential electric field detection technique, bypass crackle using the electric field of annular and cause sky
Between the distortion of field the characteristics of, using sensor array and detection stand, a scanning can realize pipe surface shear crack angle and
The quantitative measurment of length.
The present invention is not limited to above-mentioned specific embodiment, according to the above, according to the ordinary technical knowledge of this area
And customary means, under the premise of above-mentioned basic fundamental thought of the invention is not departed from, the present invention can also make other diversified forms
Equivalent modifications, replace or change, belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. it is a kind of to be based on circumferential electric field pipe surface flaw angle measurement apparatus, it is characterized in that：Including stand, pipeline, probe, drive
Dynamic device, PLC, computer, capture card and signal generator, the probe include excitation coil, flexible PCB and are arranged on soft
Property circuit board on radial magnetic field sensor and amplifier, the computer by capture card with probe in flexible PCB on
Amplifier connection, amplifier is connected with radial magnetic field sensor, and the computer is connected by PLC with driver, driver
With the motor connection of stand, the signal generator is connected with excitation coil.
2. according to claim 1 a kind of based on circumferential electric field pipe surface flaw angle measurement apparatus, it is characterized in that：Institute
Stating stand includes base, datum level, baseline trough, motor, driving wheel, driven pulley, bearing, bearing block, probe, excitation coil, branch
Frame, adjusting means, supporting plate and pinch roller, the bearing are that a line is arranged on base with datum level along base length direction
In baseline trough, four driving wheels and some driven pulleys are arranged on bearing by bearing block, wherein probe both sides at least respectively set one
Individual driving wheel, the driving wheel and driven pulley it is in the same size and be circumferentially with inclination angle be r surface groove, the motor pass through shaft coupling
Device is connected with driving wheel, and the driving wheel for connecting motor is connected by Timing Belt with three, right side driving wheel, and support is arranged on base
Baseline trough both sides, bottom install suspension adjusting means be arranged on support crossbeam on, the adjusting means be feed screw nut
Coordinate, probe is arranged on the mounting hole of suspension by hole for hoist, two pinch rollers are arranged on two supporting plates by wheel pressing shaft
On linear bearing, spring is provided between pinch roller and supporting plate, wheel pressing shaft top is installed together by connecting plate.
3. according to claim 1 a kind of based on circumferential electric field pipe surface flaw angle measurement apparatus, it is characterized in that：Institute
The boss for stating probe two ends is provided with hole for hoist, and flexible PCB is wrapped in the groove of probe, is wrapped in swashing in probe groove
Coil all covering flexible PCBs are encouraged, flexible PCB medial center is provided with some radial magnetic field sensor arrays of uniform arrangement
Row, flexible PCB end is provided with some amplifiers of connection corresponding with radial magnetic field sensor.
4. a kind of crackle measurement side based on circumferential electric field pipe surface shear crack measurement apparatus according to claim 1
Method, it is characterized in that comprising the following steps：
(1) pipeline of a diameter of D is placed on the driving wheel and driven pulley of stand, it is left that pipe surface shear crack is located at probe
Side, computer is connected to by the USB data line of PLC and capture card, starts PLC and signal generator, and setting signal generator is produced
The sinusoidal ac signal of raw certain frequency and amplitude is loaded onto on the excitation coil of probe；
(2) can be in the hope of in conduit axis and driving wheel by the diameter D of the inclined-plane groove tilt angle r and pipeline of driving wheel and driven pulley
The heart is vertical away from being H=D/sin (r)-D sin (r)-P, and it is C=2 × Π × H that driving wheel rotates one week distance of pipeline advance；
(3) the minimum corner of motor is that 0.01 °/pulse realizes that driving wheel is rotated, it is necessary to PLC launches 36000 pulse signals
360 °, then the distance that each pulse pipe of PLC advances is C/36000, according to the umber of pulse N that PLC sends each second, can be in the hope of
The speed of conduit running is that v=CN/36000 is per second；
(4) excitation coil of loading sinusoidal ac signal can internally produce axial alternating magnetic field, and axial alternating magnetic field can be in pipe
Road surface produces circumferential uniform electric field, and when electric field runs into the shear crack of pipe surface, electric field gathers in two end points of shear crack
Collect and deflect and direction of rotation is conversely, according to Faraday's electromagnetic induction law, the opposite electric current in direction of rotation can produce two sides
To opposite and vertical with pipeline cambered surface radial magnetic field+Br and-Br；
(5) because pipeline uniform speed slow is internal through probe, a certain radial magnetic field being wrapped on the upper flexible PCB of probe is passed
Sensor measures the radial magnetic field-Br vertical with pipeline cambered surface first, after pipe motion time t, on probe on flexible PCB between
Second radial magnetic field sensor at a certain distance measures the radial magnetic field+Br vertical with pipeline cambered surface again；
(6) two radial magnetic field sensors measure magnetic field signal and are amplified into capture card by amplifier, are passed through in capture card
Cross after A/D conversions and enter computer, computer is according to measuring two of distorted magnetic field maximum in array radial magnetic field sensor
The position of radial magnetic field sensor sum can determine that air line distance between the two is AC, the pulse that computer sends according to PLC
Number determines the time interval t between pipe motion speed v and two peak values, can try to achieve measuring for two radial magnetic field sensors abnormal
Relative position vt of the varying magnetic field peak value in pipe surface；
(7) according to the size relationship of triangle, it is a=arctan (AC/ that can try to achieve the angle between shear crack and conduit axis
Vt), the length of shear crack is
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| CN201610827007 | 2016-09-18 | ||
| CN201610827007X | 2016-09-18 |
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| CN108572216A (en) * | 2017-12-14 | 2018-09-25 | 湘潭宏远电子科技有限公司 | A kind of pipe surface shear crack measuring device |
| CN109342549A (en) * | 2018-11-28 | 2019-02-15 | 中国石油大学(华东) | A kind of aluminium alloy pipeline inside and outside wall flaw detection probe |
| CN110031541A (en) * | 2019-04-25 | 2019-07-19 | 河南省锅炉压力容器安全检测研究院 | Austenitic stainless steel nondestructive testing instrument |
| CN112858467A (en) * | 2021-04-09 | 2021-05-28 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Rotating electromagnetic field pipeline crack detection probe and detection system in any direction |
| CN112857197A (en) * | 2021-04-09 | 2021-05-28 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Rotating electromagnetic field non-ferromagnetic material crack size measurement method |
| EP4099007A1 (en) * | 2021-05-31 | 2022-12-07 | Institut Dr. Foerster Gmbh & Co. Kg | Pole piece for magnetizing device and test device |
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| CN108572216A (en) * | 2017-12-14 | 2018-09-25 | 湘潭宏远电子科技有限公司 | A kind of pipe surface shear crack measuring device |
| CN109342549A (en) * | 2018-11-28 | 2019-02-15 | 中国石油大学(华东) | A kind of aluminium alloy pipeline inside and outside wall flaw detection probe |
| CN110031541A (en) * | 2019-04-25 | 2019-07-19 | 河南省锅炉压力容器安全检测研究院 | Austenitic stainless steel nondestructive testing instrument |
| CN112858467A (en) * | 2021-04-09 | 2021-05-28 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Rotating electromagnetic field pipeline crack detection probe and detection system in any direction |
| CN112857197A (en) * | 2021-04-09 | 2021-05-28 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Rotating electromagnetic field non-ferromagnetic material crack size measurement method |
| CN112857197B (en) * | 2021-04-09 | 2022-04-19 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Rotating electromagnetic field non-ferromagnetic material crack size measurement method |
| EP4099007A1 (en) * | 2021-05-31 | 2022-12-07 | Institut Dr. Foerster Gmbh & Co. Kg | Pole piece for magnetizing device and test device |
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Application publication date: 20170531 Assignee: JINING LUKE TESTING EQUIPMENT Co.,Ltd. Assignor: China University of Petroleum (East China) Contract record no.: X2021370010008 Denomination of invention: A device and method for measuring inclined crack on pipe surface based on circumferential electric field Granted publication date: 20180731 License type: Common License Record date: 20210311 |
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