CN106767368B - One kind being based on circumferential electric field pipe surface shear crack measuring device and method - Google Patents
One kind being based on circumferential electric field pipe surface shear crack measuring device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106767368B CN106767368B CN201611154788.7A CN201611154788A CN106767368B CN 106767368 B CN106767368 B CN 106767368B CN 201611154788 A CN201611154788 A CN 201611154788A CN 106767368 B CN106767368 B CN 106767368B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B7/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques
- G01B7/02—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring length, width or thickness
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B7/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques
- G01B7/30—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/72—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables
- G01N27/82—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables for investigating the presence of flaws
- G01N27/83—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables for investigating the presence of flaws by investigating stray magnetic fields
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Abstract
The invention discloses one kind being based on circumferential electric field pipe surface flaw angle measuring device and method, including rack, pipeline, probe, driver, PLC, computer, capture card and signal generator, the probe includes excitation coil, flexible PCB and the radial magnetic field sensor and amplifier being arranged on flexible PCB, the computer is connect by capture card with the amplifier on the flexible PCB in probe, amplifier is connect with radial magnetic field sensor, the computer is connect by PLC with driver, the motor of driver and rack connects, the signal generator is connect with excitation coil.The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：Based on circumferential electric field detection technique, the characteristics of causing space magnetic field to distort around crackle using the electric field of annular, using sensor array and detection rack, a scanning can realize the quantitative measurment of pipe surface shear crack angle and length.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to pipeline crack field of non destructive testing, more particularly to a kind of to be based on circumferential electric field pipe surface Crack Angle
Spend measuring device and method.
Background technology
The fields such as pipeline transports in oil and gas development, the energy, heats, municipal works have a wide range of applications.It is multiple due to bearing
Miscellaneous stress expands with heat and contract with cold and corrosiveness, and pipe surface is easy to generate the crackle of different angle.Traditional flux-leakage detection method needs
It wants the magnetic line of force vertical with crackle, is difficult to the detection of other direction crackles.Alternating current field measurement method needs induction field
It is vertical with crackle, it is more faint for the electric field signal for being parallel to crackle, it is difficult to effectively to identify non-perpendicular crackle.Traditional detection platform
Frame cannot become Calibration, the not versatility for causing pipe surface shear crack to measure.Traditional detection means are detection flaw angle,
It needs to be detected within one week pipeline, efficiency is low and easy missing inspection.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention provides a kind of based on circumferential electric field pipe surface Crack Angle aiming at prior art deficiency
Measuring device and method are spent, circumferential electric field detection technique is based on, the electric field using annular causes space magnetic field to distort around crackle
The characteristics of, using sensor array and detection rack, a scanning can realize quantifying for pipe surface shear crack angle and length
It measures.
One kind be based on circumferential electric field pipe surface flaw angle measuring device, including rack, pipeline, probe, driver,
PLC, computer, capture card and signal generator, the probe include excitation coil, flexible PCB and setting in flexible circuit
Radial magnetic field sensor on plate and amplifier, the computer pass through capture card and the amplification on the flexible PCB in probe
Device connects, and amplifier is connect with radial magnetic field sensor, and the computer is connect by PLC with driver, driver and rack
Motor connection, the signal generator connect with excitation coil.
The rack includes pedestal, reference plane, baseline trough, motor, driving wheel, driven wheel, bearing, bearing block, probe, swashs
Coil, holder, regulating device, support plate and pinch roller are encouraged, the bearing is that a line is pacified with reference plane along base length direction
In the baseline trough of pedestal, four driving wheels and several driven wheels are mounted on by bearing block on bearing, wherein both sides of popping one's head in
At least respectively set a driving wheel, the driving wheel and driven wheel are in the same size and be circumferentially with the surface groove that inclination angle is r, the electricity
Machine is connect by shaft coupling with driving wheel, and the driving wheel for connecting motor is connect by synchronous belt with three, right side driving wheel, holder
Mounted on the baseline trough both sides of pedestal, the regulating device that suspension is installed in bottom is mounted on the crossbeam of holder, the regulating device
Coordinate for feed screw nut, probe is mounted on by hole for hoist on the mounting hole of suspension, and two pinch rollers are mounted on two by wheel pressing shaft
On the linear bearing of a support plate, it is equipped with spring between pinch roller and support plate, is installed together by connecting plate at the top of wheel pressing shaft.
The boss at the probe both ends is equipped with hole for hoist, and flexible PCB is wrapped in the groove of probe, is wrapped in probe
All covering flexible PCB, flexible PCB medial center are equipped with evenly arranged several radial magnetic to excitation coil in groove
Field sensor array, flexible PCB end are equipped with several amplifiers being correspondingly connected with radial magnetic field sensor.
One kind being based on circumferential electric field pipe surface shear crack measurement method, comprises the steps of：
(1) pipeline of a diameter of D is placed on the driving wheel and driven wheel of rack, pipe surface shear crack is located at probe
The USB data line of PLC and capture card are connected to computer, start PLC and signal generator, setting signal generator by left side
The sinusoidal ac signal for generating certain frequency and amplitude is loaded onto on the excitation coil of probe；
It (2) can be in the hope of conduit axis and driving wheel by the diameter D of the inclined-plane groove tilt angle r and pipeline of driving wheel and driven wheel
Center vertically away from for H=D/sin (r)-D sin (r)-P, driving wheel rotate the distance that one week pipeline advances for C=2 × Π ×
H；
(3) the minimum corner of motor is 0.01 °/pulse, needs PLC to emit 36000 pulse signals and realizes driving rotation
Dynamic 360 °, then the distance that each pulse pipes of PLC advance is C/36000, the umber of pulse N sent out each second according to PLC, can be in the hope of
The speed for obtaining conduit running is that v=CN/36000 is per second；
(4) excitation coil of load sinusoidal ac signal can generate axial alternating magnetic field in inside, and axial alternating magnetic field can
Circumferential uniform electric field is generated in pipe surface, when electric field encounters the shear crack of pipe surface, electric field is at two ends of shear crack
Point is assembled and is deflected and direction of rotation is on the contrary, according to Faraday's electromagnetic induction law, and the opposite electric current in direction of rotation can generate two
A direction opposite and vertical with pipeline cambered surface radial magnetic field+Br and-Br；
(5) since pipeline uniform speed slow passes through probe internal, it is wrapped in a certain radial magnetic popped one's head on upper flexible PCB
Field sensor measures the radial magnetic field-Br vertical with pipeline cambered surface first, after pipe motion time t, flexible PCB on probe
Upper second radial magnetic field sensor spaced apart measures the radial magnetic field+Br vertical with pipeline cambered surface again；
(6) two radial magnetic field sensors measure magnetic field signal and are amplified into capture card by amplifier, in capture card
Middle to enter computer after A/D is converted, computer measures distorted magnetic field maximum value according in array radial magnetic field sensor
The position of two radial magnetic field sensor sums can determine that air line distance between the two is AC, and computer is sent out according to PLC
Umber of pulse determines the time interval t between pipe motion speed v and two peak values, can acquire the survey of two radial magnetic field sensors
Distorted magnetic field peak value pipe surface relative position vt；
(7) according to the size relationship of triangle, it is a=arctan that can acquire the angle between shear crack and conduit axis
(AC/vt), the length of shear crack is
Description of the drawings
Attached drawing 1 is the detection rack structure chart of the present invention.
Attached drawing 2 is the sonde configuration figure of the present invention.
Attached drawing 3 is the flexible circuit board structure figure of the present invention.
Attached drawing 4 is that the conduit running speed of the present invention calculates schematic diagram.
Attached drawing 5 is the pipeline shear crack instrumentation plan of the present invention.
In upper figure：Pedestal (1), motor (2), driving wheel (3), driven wheel (4), bearing (5), bearing block (6), probe (7),
Hole for hoist (7.1), radial magnetic field sensor (7.2.1), amplifier (7.2.2), groove (7.3), swashs at flexible PCB (7.2)
Encourage coil (8), holder (9), regulating device (10), suspension (10.1), support plate (11), pinch roller (12), spring (12.1), connection
Plate (12.2), linear bearing (12.3), wheel pressing shaft (12.4), pipeline (13), driver (14), PLC (15), computer (16),
Capture card (17), signal generator (18).
Specific implementation mode
In conjunction with attached drawing 1-5, the invention will be further described：
In order to make the object, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiment of the invention clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention
In attached drawing, technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is
A part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art
The all other embodiment obtained under the premise of not making the creative labor, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that in the absence of conflict, the feature in the embodiment of the present invention and embodiment can be mutual
Combination.
As shown in Figs. 1-3, the present invention includes rack, pipeline (13), probe (7), driver (14), PLC (15), computer
(16), capture card (17) and signal generator (18), the probe (7) include excitation coil (8), flexible PCB (7.2) and
The radial magnetic field sensor (7.2.1) and amplifier (7.2.2) being arranged on flexible PCB, the computer (16) is by adopting
Truck (17) is connect with the amplifier (7.2.2) on the flexible PCB (7.2) in probe (7), amplifier (7.2.2) and radial direction
Magnetic field sensor (7.2.1) connects, and the computer (16) connect by PLC (15) with driver (14), driver (14) and
The motor (2) of rack connects, and the signal generator (18) connect with excitation coil (8).
As shown in Figure 1, rack include pedestal (1), reference plane (1.1), baseline trough (1.2), motor (2), driving wheel (3),
Driven wheel (4), bearing (5), bearing block (6), probe (7), excitation coil (8), holder (9), regulating device (10), support plate
(11) and pinch roller (12), the bearing (5) are that a line is mounted on pedestal with reference plane (1.1) along pedestal (1) length direction
(1) in baseline trough (1.2), it is ensured that driving wheel and driven wheel are located at same straight line in length direction, are located in short transverse
Same horizontal line, four driving wheels (3) and several driven wheels (4) are mounted on by bearing block (6) on bearing (5), are conveniently adjusted
From moving in turn and the horizontal position of driving wheel and straightness, wherein probe (7) both sides at least respectively set a driving wheel (4), ensure pipe
Road can be passed through smoothly from probe is internal, and the driving wheel (3) and driven wheel (4) are in the same size and be circumferentially with inclination angle as r's
Surface groove guarantees to drag different tube diameters pipe motion, and the motor (2) is connect by shaft coupling with driving wheel (3), is connected
The driving wheel (3) of motor is connect by synchronous belt with three, right side driving wheel, and holder (9) is mounted on the baseline trough of pedestal (1)
(1.2) both sides, the regulating device (10) that suspension (10.1) is installed in bottom are mounted on the crossbeam of holder (9), the regulating device
(10) it is that feed screw nut coordinates, by the position of the handwheel adjustable suspension of rotational lead screw end, ensures to pop one's head in same with pipeline
Axis degree, to adapt to the detection of different tube diameters shear crack, probe (7) is mounted on the installation of suspension (10.1) by hole for hoist (7.1)
Kong Shang, two pinch rollers (12) are mounted on by wheel pressing shaft (12.4) on the linear bearing (12.3) of two support plates (11), pinch roller
(12) it is equipped with spring between support plate (11), plays the role of generating certain pressure, ensures pipeline in driving wheel or driven wheel
It is upper non-slip, it is installed together by connecting plate (12.2) at the top of wheel pressing shaft (12.4), pressure is certain between ensureing two-wheeled, can change
The kind pipe vibration caused by wheel short transverse injustice, mitigates the interference of vibration signal.
As Figure 2-3, the boss at probe (7) both ends is equipped with hole for hoist (7.1), and flexible PCB (7.2) is wrapped in spy
In the groove (7.3) of head (7), the excitation coil (8) being wrapped in probe (7) groove (7.3) all covers flexible PCB
(7.2), flexible PCB (7.2) medial center is equipped with evenly arranged several radial magnetic field sensor (7.2.1) arrays, flexible
Circuit board (7.2) end is equipped with several amplifiers (7.2.2) being correspondingly connected with radial magnetic field sensor (7.2.1).
As shown in figure 4, a kind of being based on circumferential electric field pipe surface shear crack measurement method, comprise the steps of：
(1) pipeline (13) of a diameter of D is placed on the driving wheel (3) and driven wheel (4) of rack, pipeline (13) surface
Shear crack is located on the left of probe (7), and the USB data line of PLC (15) and capture card (17) are connected to computer (16), starts
PLC (15) and signal generator (18), setting signal generator (18) generates certain frequency and the sinusoidal ac signal of amplitude adds
It is loaded onto on the excitation coil (8) of probe (7)；
It (2) can be in the hope of pipeline axis by the diameter D of the inclined-plane groove tilt angle r and pipeline (13) of driving wheel (3) and driven wheel (4)
Line is vertical with the center of driving wheel (3) away from for H=D/sin (r)-D sin (r)-P, and driving wheel (3) rotates pipeline advance in one week
Distance is C=2 × Π × H；
(3) the minimum corner of motor (2) is 0.01 °/pulse, needs PLC (15) to emit 36000 pulse signals and realizes drive
Driving wheel (3) rotates 360 °, then the distance that each pulse pipes of PLC (15) advance is C/36000, is sent out according to PLC (15) each second
The umber of pulse N gone out can be v=CN/36000/s in the hope of the speed of conduit running,
(4) excitation coil (8) of load sinusoidal ac signal can generate axial alternating magnetic field, axial alternating magnetic field in inside
Circumferential uniform electric field can be generated on pipeline (13) surface, when electric field encounters the shear crack of pipe surface, electric field is in shear crack
Two terminal As and B assemble and deflect and direction of rotation is on the contrary, as shown in figure 4, according to Faraday's electromagnetic induction law, rotation side
Opposite and vertical with the pipeline cambered surface radial magnetic field+Br and-Br of both direction can be generated to opposite electric current；
(5) it since pipeline uniform speed slow passes through probe (7) internal, is wrapped on probe (7) on flexible PCB (7.2)
A certain radial magnetic field sensor N measures the radial magnetic field-Br vertical with pipeline cambered surface first, after pipe motion time t, probe
(7) second radial magnetic field sensor N being spaced in intervals on flexible PCB (7.2) on is measured again to hang down with pipeline cambered surface
Straight radial magnetic field+Br；
(6) as shown in figure 5, two radial magnetic field sensors measure magnetic field signal by amplifier (7.2.2) amplify it is laggard
Enter capture card (17), enters computer (16) after A/D is converted in capture card (17), computer (16) is according to array radial direction
The position of two radial magnetic field sensors M and N of distorted magnetic field maximum value are measured in magnetic field sensor can determine between the two
Air line distance be AC, computer (16) determines pipeline (13) movement velocity v and two peaks according to PLC (15) umber of pulses sent out
Time interval t between value, can acquire two radial magnetic field sensors measures distorted magnetic field peak value in the opposite of pipe surface
Position vt, namely distance BC；
(7) according to the size relationship of triangle, it is a=arctan that can acquire the angle between shear crack and conduit axis
(AC/BC)=arctan (AC/vt), the length of shear crack are
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：Based on circumferential electric field detection technique, the electric field using annular causes sky around crackle
Between the distortion of field the characteristics of, using sensor array and detection rack, a scanning can realize pipe surface shear crack angle and
The quantitative measurment of length.
The present invention is not limited to above-mentioned specific implementation mode, according to the above, according to the ordinary technical knowledge of this field
And customary means, under the premise of not departing from above-mentioned basic fundamental thought of the invention, the present invention can also make other diversified forms
Equivalent modifications, replacement or change, all belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of flaw angle measurement method based on circumferential electric field pipe surface flaw angle measuring device, which surveys
Amount device includes rack, pipeline, probe, driver, PLC, computer, capture card and signal generator, and the probe includes swashing
Coil, flexible PCB and the radial magnetic field sensor and amplifier being arranged on flexible PCB, the computer is encouraged to pass through
Capture card is connect with the amplifier on the flexible PCB in probe, and amplifier is connect with radial magnetic field sensor, the calculating
Machine is connect by PLC with driver, and the motor connection of driver and rack, the signal generator is connect with excitation coil；Institute
It includes pedestal, reference plane, baseline trough, motor, driving wheel, driven wheel, bearing, bearing block, probe, excitation coil, branch to state rack
Frame, regulating device, support plate and pinch roller, the bearing are that a line is mounted on pedestal with reference plane along base length direction
In baseline trough, four driving wheels and several driven wheels are mounted on by bearing block on bearing, wherein probe both sides at least respectively set one
A driving wheel, the driving wheel and driven wheel are in the same size and be circumferentially with the surface groove that inclination angle is r, and the motor passes through shaft coupling
Device is connect with driving wheel, and the driving wheel for connecting motor is connect by synchronous belt with three, right side driving wheel, and holder is mounted on pedestal
Baseline trough both sides, bottom install suspension regulating device be mounted on holder crossbeam on, the regulating device be feed screw nut
Cooperation, probe are mounted on by hole for hoist on the mounting hole of suspension, and two pinch rollers are mounted on two support plates by wheel pressing shaft
On linear bearing, spring is equipped between pinch roller and support plate, plays the role of generating certain pressure, guarantee pipeline in driving wheel or
It is non-slip on driven wheel, it is installed together by connecting plate at the top of wheel pressing shaft；The boss at the probe both ends is equipped with hole for hoist, soft
Property circuit board be wrapped in the groove of probe, be wrapped in excitation coil in probe groove all covering flexible PCBs, it is flexible
Circuit board medial center is equipped with evenly arranged several radial magnetic field sensor arrays, and flexible PCB end is equipped with and radial magnetic
Several amplifiers that field sensor is correspondingly connected with；It is characterized in that flaw angle measurement method includes the following steps：
(1) pipeline of a diameter of D is placed on the driving wheel and driven wheel of rack, it is left that pipe surface shear crack is located at probe
The USB data line of PLC and capture card are connected to computer by side, start PLC and signal generator, the production of setting signal generator
Raw certain frequency and the sinusoidal ac signal of amplitude are loaded onto on the excitation coil of probe；
It (2) can be in the hope of in conduit axis and driving wheel by the diameter D of the inclined-plane groove tilt angle r and pipeline of driving wheel and driven wheel
The heart is vertically away from the intersection point formed with driving wheel inclined-plane extended line for the vertical central axes of pipeline for H=D/sin (r)-Dsin (r)-P, P
Vertical length apart from driving wheel central horizontal axis, it is C=2 × Π × H that driving wheel, which rotates the distance that one week pipeline advances,；
(3) the minimum corner of motor is 0.01 °/pulse, needs PLC to emit 36000 pulse signals and realizes driving wheel rotation
360 °, then the distance that each pulse pipes of PLC advance is C/36000, the umber of pulse N sent out each second according to PLC, can be in the hope of
The speed of conduit running is that v=CN/36000 is per second；
(4) excitation coil of load sinusoidal ac signal can generate axial alternating magnetic field in inside, and axial alternating magnetic field can be in pipe
Road surface generates circumferential uniform electric field, and when electric field encounters the shear crack of pipe surface, electric field is poly- in two endpoints of shear crack
Collect and deflect and direction of rotation is on the contrary, according to Faraday's electromagnetic induction law, the opposite electric current in direction of rotation can generate two sides
To opposite and vertical with pipeline cambered surface radial magnetic field+Br and-Br；
(5) since pipeline uniform speed slow passes through probe internal, a certain radial magnetic field being wrapped on the upper flexible PCB of probe passes
Sensor measures the radial magnetic field-Br vertical with pipeline cambered surface first, after pipe motion time t, on probe on flexible PCB between
Second radial magnetic field sensor at a certain distance measures the radial magnetic field+Br vertical with pipeline cambered surface again；
(6) two radial magnetic field sensors measure magnetic field signal and are amplified into capture card by amplifier, are passed through in capture card
It crosses after A/D conversions and enters computer, computer is according to measuring two of distorted magnetic field maximum value in array radial magnetic field sensor
The position of radial magnetic field sensor sum can determine that air line distance between the two is AC, the pulse that computer is sent out according to PLC
Number determines the time interval t between pipe motion speed v and two peak values, and it is abnormal can to acquire measuring for two radial magnetic field sensors
Relative position vt of the varying magnetic field peak value in pipe surface；
(7) according to the size relationship of triangle, it is a=arctan (AC/ that can acquire the angle between shear crack and conduit axis
Vt), the length of shear crack is
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| CN201610827007X | 2016-09-18 | ||
| CN201610827007 | 2016-09-18 |
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Families Citing this family (6)
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| CN108572216A (en) * | 2017-12-14 | 2018-09-25 | 湘潭宏远电子科技有限公司 | A kind of pipe surface shear crack measuring device |
| CN109342549A (en) * | 2018-11-28 | 2019-02-15 | 中国石油大学(华东) | A kind of aluminium alloy pipeline inside and outside wall flaw detection probe |
| CN110031541B (en) * | 2019-04-25 | 2021-09-17 | 河南省锅炉压力容器安全检测研究院 | Austenitic stainless steel nondestructive detector |
| CN112858467A (en) * | 2021-04-09 | 2021-05-28 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Rotating electromagnetic field pipeline crack detection probe and detection system in any direction |
| CN112857197B (en) * | 2021-04-09 | 2022-04-19 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Rotating electromagnetic field non-ferromagnetic material crack size measurement method |
| DE102021205505A1 (en) * | 2021-05-31 | 2022-12-01 | Institut Dr. Foerster Gmbh & Co. Kg | Pole shoe for magnetization device and test device |
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Application publication date: 20170531 Assignee: JINING LUKE TESTING EQUIPMENT Co.,Ltd. Assignor: China University of Petroleum (East China) Contract record no.: X2021370010008 Denomination of invention: A device and method for measuring inclined crack on pipe surface based on circumferential electric field Granted publication date: 20180731 License type: Common License Record date: 20210311 |