CN1067640C

CN1067640C - Method and device for securing closed decks and cargo on ships respectively

Info

Publication number: CN1067640C
Application number: CN95197286A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 阿斯拉克·弗杰尔德
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1994-11-11
Filing date: 1995-11-09
Publication date: 2001-06-27
Anticipated expiration: 2015-11-09
Also published as: DE69507326T2; GR3029865T3; EP0790917B1; NO302657B1; AU3939295A; KR970707012A; KR100422245B1; DK0790917T3; NO944318D0; CN1171762A; NO944318L; DE69507326D1; JPH10508810A; ES2129868T3; EP0790917A1; WO1996015024A1

Abstract

In order to secure closed decks and cargo respectively on board a ship (1), e.g. a deck (2) for vehicles or cargo in a hold, a device is employed which consists of extendable, gas-fillable, highly elastic bags (4) which are attached on a roller device in the ceiling of the deck space. The elastic bags are provided at distances from one another corresponding to the breadth of the normal cargo for the ship, especially vehicles (3). After the cargo (3) has been positioned in the areas between the bags (4), the latter are pulled down and fastened to suitable attachment means in the floor of the deck. The bags (4) are then inflated to a low gauge pressure, thereby expanding and enveloping the cargo (3) from the side and at least partially over the cargo (3). They will thereby fill a substantial part of the open airspace on the deck.

Description

Make enclosure and the firm safely respectively method and apparatus of goods on the ship

The present invention relates to a kind of enclosure that has goods on the ship that is used to make, for example the firm safely respectively method and apparatus of the goods in vehicle hold or the cargo hold.This method and apparatus is on the top of enclosure or cargo hold, preferably along extensible, the inflatable high resiliency bag of vertically being hung with of ship.

From applicant's Norwegian patent applications 942529, learn a kind of system that is used for fixing goods corresponding to PCT/NO95/00120 (international publication number WO96/01194), this system comprises an elastomeric rubber bag/rubber diaphragm, it is clamped in cargo hold with goods when rubber bag/film is inflated, and is when elastomeric inflated rubber bag occupies the clearance envelope of cargo hold that goods is fixing on the throne.What adopt in according to this equipment of the claim of patent application document 942529 is ceiling fwd one rubber bag that is installed in cargo hold, it is inflated by an air pump device, air pressure can be regulated and control, to guarantee that rubber bag is inflated to one just and prevents the pressure that goods moves.Adopt the high elasticity of elongation, at least 500% rubber bag.This cargo anchoring system can be used for automobile, ship, aircraft and railway.

From the known a kind of steady load system that determines the volume load that is used for having in the container of the file GB2181997 of British patent, this load be by between a wall that one or more sacks is placed container and the load and/or place come between two load article stable.Expanded sack produces a pressure to load, therefore provides a power fixing or that reinforce safely to it.

In Japanese document, described a kind of being used for, the sack of the top below that is arranged on the cabin is expanded the system of Vehicle locking at a lower deck of a freighter, downward thereby this sack urges vehicle, and it is maintained securely.

Using for example vehicle of ship conveying articles, vehicle or goods are placed on the big open on-deck, and the big object that will comprise vehicle places under the situation in the cargo hold, except constant load simply, also requires the surface or the on-deck of goods are more divided.Goods is reinforced, and can also provide safety for whole ship by big space and area are divided into less part.The local effect that is divided into this interval in other words of dividing means and enters in the cargo hold or the water on the goods on-deck is limited in limited zone, and can avoid under high sea status big water gaging across moving.

Therefore, a task of the present invention provides a kind of method and apparatus, is used for making enclosure and cargo security on the ship firm by this local the division carried out in space big, that open.

This purpose is realized by the method and apparatus that a kind of characteristic with claims is a feature.

In the present invention, the cargo hold of can be in a kind of very easy mode opening during with loading and unloading is divided into smaller units after goods places, in a kind of simple and reliable mode goods is fixed simultaneously.Also filled the open space in the cargo hold by the present invention.Therefore, the space minimum that water can penetrate when meeting accident.Not only reduce flooding quantity, and these water can only do limited motion, therefore improve the safety of ship basically.

In addition, the present invention also provides some further advantages.

When meeting accident, will make ship obtain additional buoyancy according to these air bags of the present invention, so just can in case of emergency make ship than keeping the longer flotation time usually, more can prevent its sinking.Therefore the chance of calling for help will be much bigger.According to a feature of the present invention, also can fill with a kind of fire retardant gas in the air bag, thereby can automatically any contingent little fire be extinguished.

Another advantage that the present invention obtained is to need not to use traditional fixed equipment, for example just restraint of loads automatically of chain and belt.This means a kind of significantly rationalization relevant with loading and unloading, simultaneously, the whole surface that acts on goods with a kind of well-distributed internal validity meticulously goods is fixed.It is in place by the adjusting fixation pressure goods to be compressed automatically in transportation.Also can utilize the fixed condition of sensor continuous monitoring goods.

Another advantage that the present invention obtained is, can make vehicle or goods be in best position on the ship under the situation of cargo hold not filling, because by the bag inflation can be fixed goods and desirable position be remained on the goods surface.

Can be configured in existing ship and the automotive wheels ferryboat according to this device of the present invention, and the complicated machinery that need not to change the hull mechanical characteristic changes.This equipment very easily uses, and the delelivered payload capability of ship is descended.Can be by these sacks being arranged to grid form with spatial division, and the outward flange that can abut against ship fixes, and for example abuts against the car door that is positioned at the ship end, can provide added security like this.Connecting device in the drive plate on the on-deck can be advantageously provided like this, they is established on the vehicle on-deck drive passage, therefore also helps the correct location of vehicle.

By an embodiment and accompanying drawing the present invention is described in more detail now, this embodiment is the vehicle on-deck on the motor car ferry.In the accompanying drawing:

Fig. 1 is the planar view of the automobile on-deck in the ferry, there is shown according to device of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the section-drawing that has an automotive wheels ferryboat of two ferry cabin faces;

Fig. 3 is the detailed view on a midway location when according to equipment of the present invention one automobile on-deck being divided into some intervals;

Fig. 4 is in the automobile on-deck shown in Fig. 3 of the state of reinforcing;

Fig. 5 be according to of the present invention one bag under extended configuration and at its bottom bonded assembly one transparent view; With

Fig. 6 is the fragmentary, perspective view of reel system that is used for according to the bag of equipment of the present invention.

Although accompanying drawing shows the present invention's application relevant with fixed vehicle on an automobile on-deck, clearly, the present invention can be used for than this much extensive scope, and can fix any type of goods, be not only on the vehicle on-deck, and in cargo hold etc.

Fig. 1 shows the car hold on a ship or automotive wheels ferryboat 1, and this cabin is with mark 2 expressions.With the vehicle of mark 3 expression or automobile with one of common mode then one form a line.Hanging extensile high resiliency air bag on the top in the on-deck space between each steam discharge car, it is suspended on the zone with mark 4 expressions.For the additional fastening and the division in these spaces, corresponding flexible bag can be provided with the keel orthogonal, promptly is arranged on the position with mark 5 expressions.Provide this expandable bags can make car door etc. obtain additional fastening by two ends at ship.

Fig. 2 shows and passes a vehicle on-deck cross section that has according to equipment of the present invention, and this on-deck is in stationary state among the figure.

Fig. 3 and 4 sheerly schematically shows the location of the flexible bag between the vehicle on the on-deck.Be in extended configuration at the sack shown in this 4, they are connected in the floor of the on-deck between the vehicle by connecting device 7.Can obtain a zone division longitudinally of vehicle on-deck in this state, it prevents to enter water back and forth trickling between the both lateral sides of ship in the ship.

Fig. 4 shows according to device of the present invention and is in a fixed position, thus flexible bag inflation restraint of loads, i.e. automobile, and filled space between the vehicle from top and side.This filling is along the horizontal generation of vehicle, therefore they is kept the location securely each other, but because the expansion of sack has also been fixed vehicle from the top, thereby be maintained fixed in a kind of mode of damping.It is empty having only the space 8 under the vehicle.

Fig. 5 and 6 shows bag 4 suspension and is connected.The bag at its extended configuration as a kind of curtain.Its underpart edge designs become to have one with sack vertically strain the heavy load or the top gem of a girdle-pendant strip device 9 of a curtain of picture.In an example shown, the bar 9 that the sack lower edge is pulled down places in the groove 13 on the floor of on-deck.This is not indispensable, is close to on-deck floor 6 because this beam also can be made.Each side in zone 13 is provided with the end and leads round rotatable plate, and they can rotate toward each other by appropriate driving device, and they are clamped the top of curtain or bar 9 and remain in place.In this state, provide fixing up and down curtain or wall between every row's car, it prevents that for example water is in the motion transversely of ship.

The mechanism that bag or curtain 4 are rolled is shown in Fig. 6.For example on the top of on-deck or cargo hold, connect the transfer roller 11 of a carriage 10 and a motor driven, thereby curtain 4 can be rolled or put down according to different hand of rotation.When downward debatching, bar 9 has guaranteed the additional pulling of downward direction.In the process of loading and unloading ship, bag 4 is in the state of rolling, as shown in Figure 4.For sack is inflated, roller 11 can be designed to have a row or multi-row hole or groove 12, and this bottom at Fig. 6 illustrates, and is also illustrated in Fig. 5.The end seal of roller, and link with an inlet from a compressor or another air source, air source can be blown into air in the bag by hole 12, bag is expanded and seals automobile, as shown in FIG. 4.Air is discharged from same system during venting, makes sack be shrunk to the shape of curtain, thereby sack can be rolled.Be noted that sack has very high elasticity, this is an essential characteristic, allows to expand 500%.Like this, sack just can not slide on the surface of automobile, but centers on these superficial expansions, thereby prevents any slip and scuffing on the car surface.

Generally speaking, operational mode of the present invention can be summarized as follows:

1. the airtight bag 4 of some highly elastic materials is installed in cargo hold.They are contained in the centre of two steam discharge cars;

2. sack 4 is installed on the hollow tubular 11, sack can be rolled when vehicle reaches on the ship from the bank, sees Fig. 6;

3. after car reaches ship, put down sack 4 and its bottom mechanically clamped by installing 7 or 9.In bag, charge into air or gas by hollow tubular 11 then;

4. thereby sack is sealed whole goods gradually, and since the pressure of bag in 4 increase and goods fixed.When reaching correct pressure, open a pressure-modulation valve;

5. goods will be sealed by the envelope of a limit air.Exist between bag inside and outside and make the accurately pressure reduction of location of goods.Pressure is evenly distributed on all surface of goods, the size of power that can the adjustment pressure restraint of loads;

6. because sack is fixed in bottom and top, determined the watertight compartment in the vertical.

Utilize the present invention to come stationary state in complete control vehicle on-deck or the cargo hold by monitoring pressure in each sack.And these sacks make ship obtain additional buoyancy, just in case water this can provide added security when entering in on-deck or the cargo hold.Simultaneously, need not to use clamping band etc. just goods can be fixed, so just can be than easily and promptly goods being fixedly secured in the past.

The invention provides a kind of solution of extremely well-adapted,, and need not to cause the complicated mechanical engineering of hull change of mechanical property to change because this system can build existing a wheel in the ferryboat in.Fixing means also is extremely flexibly, and also can be applicable to on-deck is the situation of part cargo shipment, because under the rough weather of grade in office, remaining space all can be full of fully by airbag.Can make many improvement within the scope of the invention.Further, also can utilize sensor and pressure regulator to monitor this system, the situation on the on-deck that can guarantee like this remains unchanged.

Claims

1. one kind is used to make the enclosure that has goods on the ship, for example the goods in vehicle hold or the cargo hold is distinguished firm safe method, this method is included on the top of enclosure or cargo hold, preferably extensible along vertically being hung with of ship, inflatable high resiliency bag, it is characterized in that: the sack distance that is provided with the common goods that separates each other corresponding to this ship, the width of vehicle particularly, at these goods, particularly vehicle location is being put down sack behind the zone between the sack from the punctured position below this top, and order is connected on the suitable connecting device on the on-deck, thereby the interior space of the compartment of isolating independent main water tightness, then elastomeric sack is inflated to a low pressure, the pressure that is equivalent to maximum 500mm water column, it is expanded also seal goods from the side and at least in part, thereby filled the essential part of the open space on the on-deck.

2. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that: fill with a kind of fire retardant gas in the bag.

3. the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that: ship vertically on a plurality of sacks are provided one by one, in case of necessity, for example under the situation of long on-deck also in the vertical gap between the bag along sack laterally is provided, laterally sack can be provided in the end before the vehicle doorn.

4. one kind is used to make the enclosure that has goods on the ship, for example the goods in vehicle hold or the cargo hold is distinguished the firm device of safety, this device be included in the cabin the upper edge, top its vertically be provided for the suspension gear of the contraction bag of an elastomeric material, and be used for to/extend to the actuating device of a position extend/retract sack of actual on-deck downwards from it, it is characterized in that: be located immediately on the on-deck suspension gear under provide the bag connecting device, the material of sack is preferably a kind of rubber or a kind of plastics, and it can be expanded to 500% the order of magnitude during inflation; Provide to sack inflation and from bag equipment exhaust, this equipment comprises the control element that is used to regulate and control air pressure, and these sacks on-deck vertically on mark off the unitary part of separation.

5. device as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that: the suitable distance between bag section, particularly at the end regions of on-deck along corresponding extensile bagging apparatus laterally is provided.

6. device as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that: the extend/retract device comprises rotating driven rolls or analogue, and the free end of sack has a weight loading, and its form is taeniae or rod stiffener.

7. device as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that: the connecting device of the bag on the on-deck comprises that rotating supporting rod cooperates bar or the rigid pipe that extends along the end edge of bag from both sides, preferably on on-deck, provide a groove, with the control and the fixing end edge of sack.