CN106761988A - A kind of single expanding machine realizes thermal energy step timesharing organic Rankine cycle devices and method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a device and method for a single expander to realize a time-divided organic Rankine cycle of heat energy cascades. Heater (3), No. two controllers (10), expander (13), heat accumulator (9), a closed loop formed by the C end of No. one controller (2), and by heat exchanger (3 ) is connected to the outlet of No. 4 controller (8), condenser (6), condensing circulation pump (5), No. 3 controller (4), and the inlet of heat exchanger (3) to form a closed cycle ; The auxiliary system includes other sources of heat removal system (11), heating system (12), domestic water preheating system (7); the device can also be provided with a plurality of different temperature heat storage devices as required, to achieve Multiple cascade utilization of heat sources; at the same time, the external medium and low-grade heat sources can be stored to avoid waste; at the same time, it can meet the needs of taking heat at any time.

Description

A single expander realizes thermal energy cascade time-sharing organic Rankine cycle device and method

technical field

The invention relates to a time-sharing organic Rankine cycle device for realizing thermal energy cascades with a single expander, and belongs to the technical field of energy and environment.

Background technique

With the increasing consumption of fossil energy such as coal, oil, and natural gas, as well as the environmental burden (such as carbon dioxide emissions, etc.) brought about by energy consumption, energy and environmental issues have become a major concern of the world. In this context, the conversion of low-grade heat into electricity using an organic Rankine cycle has attracted increasing attention. The so-called organic Rankine cycle means that in the traditional Rankine cycle, organic working fluid (such as R113, R123, etc.) is used instead of water as the working fluid to push the expander to do work.

With the continuous development of science and technology and the continuous rise of energy prices, the way of improving the grade of waste heat resources for reuse, especially the way of converting low-grade heat resources generated in industrial processes into convenient and flexible electric energy recovery methods has attracted widespread attention. The organic Rankine cycle system has the advantages of good mobility and relatively low maintenance requirements. When it is integrated into the energy system for power generation, it can provide high-grade energy (electric energy) with low-grade energy (waste heat) and reduce the power burden. , improve the total power generation efficiency and power generation. Under the condition of the same output, the emission of pollutants such as carbon dioxide is reduced, which is beneficial to environmental protection. Organic Rankine cycle low-temperature waste heat power generation technology provides an option for effectively solving the problem of recycling a large number of low-temperature waste heat resources.

In reality, some energy supply is affected by time. It can provide high-grade heat for a period of time, but there is no source of heat energy for a period of time, such as solar energy and some factory waste heat. In this case, the organic Rankine cycle cannot continuously provide external power.

Contents of the invention

Technical problem: The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, and provide a single expander to realize a time-sharing organic Rankine cycle device for thermal energy cascades, which can realize continuous external power supply when the heat source is limited by time, and at the same time To meet the needs of other heat and domestic hot water.

Technical solution: The present invention specifically adopts the following technical solutions to solve technical problems:

A single expander of the present invention realizes an organic Rankine cycle device for thermal energy cascade time-sharing utilization, including an organic Rankine cycle system and ancillary systems, and the organic Rankine cycle system includes sequentially connected working fluid pumps and the B terminal of the No. , heat exchanger, No. 2 controller, expander, heat storage, and a closed cycle formed by the C terminal of No. 1 controller, and the No. 4 controller, condenser, and condenser connected in turn by the outlet of the heat exchanger. A closed cycle formed by the circulating pump, No. 3 controller, and the inlet end of the heat exchanger;

The auxiliary system includes heat removal system from other sources, heat supply system, and domestic water preheating system; wherein, the two ends of the heat removal system from other sources and the heating system are respectively connected to the two ends of the heat storage device, and the domestic water preheating system The two ends of the thermal system are respectively connected to the two ends of the condenser.

The heat storage device is a large container with a phase-change heat storage medium inside, and one to three sets of heat exchange pipelines are arranged inside it according to the needs, which are respectively connected with the organic Rankine cycle system, the heat storage system of other sources, and the heating system.

The single expander of the present invention realizes the heat energy cascade fractionation using the circulation method of the organic Rankine cycle device as follows: when an external heat source is used for heat supply, the organic working fluid is boosted by the working medium pump and then transported to the heat exchanger, and After heat exchange, the waste heat flow from the k pipeline into the i pipeline enters the expander, drives the expander to do work, enters the heat storage device to release heat, and then enters the working medium pump to complete cycle 1; when no external heat source is used for heating, The organic working medium is boosted by the working medium pump and transported to the heat storage to absorb heat. After entering the expander to drive the expander to do work, it enters the heat exchanger and exchanges heat with the condensed working medium that enters the j pipeline and exits the k pipeline. After heat protection, enter the working medium pump to complete cycle 2; other systems include heat storage systems from other sources, heating systems, and nighttime domestic water systems.

When an external heat source is used for heating and cycle 1 is used, the No. 1 controller can realize the communication between the a pipeline and the b pipeline, the c pipeline and the d pipeline, and the h pipeline and the e pipeline of the second controller The road is connected, the g pipeline is connected with the f pipeline, the i pipeline of the third controller is connected, the j pipeline is closed, the k pipeline of the fourth controller is connected, and the l pipeline is closed.

When cycle 2 is used for heating without an external heat source, the No. 1 controller can realize the communication between the d pipeline and the b pipeline, the c pipeline and the a pipeline, and the g pipeline and the e pipeline of the second controller The road is connected, the h pipeline is connected with the f pipeline, the j pipeline of the third controller is connected, the i pipeline is closed, the l pipeline of the fourth controller is connected, and the k pipeline is closed.

When cycle 2 is used for heating without an external heat source, the condensation cycle pump, condenser, and heat exchanger form a condensation circuit. The condensation circuit is connected to the external domestic water preheating system through the condenser to heat domestic water, which can be used for floor heating, domestic water, etc. heat source.

When there are other external low-grade heat sources, through the heat storage system of other sources, the high-quality part of the heat is directly stored in the heat storage device through heat exchange, and the remaining lower-grade heat is used as domestic heat; When the low-grade heat source in the heat storage is close to the temperature, the heat storage can be directly used as a heat source to supply heat to the outside through the heating system, such as heat source for absorption and adsorption air conditioning systems.

Beneficial effects: When the external heat source changes with time, the single expander organic Rankine cycle system can be used to realize continuous external power supply, and the efficiency of energy cascade utilization is improved, and it can be used as a heat source to supply heat to the external heat demand system.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of an organic Rankine cycle device in which a single expander realizes time-splitting utilization of heat energy in stages according to the present invention.

Explanation of the labels: 1-working fluid pump, 2-No.1 controller, 3-heat exchanger, 4-No.3 controller, 5-condensation circulation pump, 6-condenser, 7-domestic water preheating system, 8 - No. 4 controller, 9- heat storage device, 10- No. 2 controller, 11- heat removal system from other sources, 12- heat supply system, 13- expander.

detailed description

A single expander of the present invention realizes an organic Rankine cycle device for thermal energy cascade utilization, including an organic Rankine cycle system and ancillary systems. The organic Rankine cycle system consists of a working medium pump, heat exchanger, expander, heat storage and condensation loop system connected in sequence to form a cycle. The system uses several controllers to realize that when an external heat source is used for heating, the system generates electricity and heat storage; when there is no external heat source for heating, the controller switches the circuit, so that the same system can use the heat stored during the day for power generation and other purposes. use.

When the system adopts circulation 1 of external heat source heating, the No. 1 controller is switched to communicate with pipeline a and pipeline b, the pipeline c and pipeline d are connected, and the controller No. 2 is switched to communicate with pipeline h and pipeline e , the f pipeline is connected to the g pipeline, the No. 3 controller is switched to the i pipeline, and the j pipeline is closed. After boosting the pressure, it absorbs heat through the heat exchanger to the expander to do work, then enters the heat storage tank to release heat, and then enters the working medium pump to complete cycle 1.

When the system is heating cycle 2 without an external heat source, the No. 1 controller is switched to connect the a pipeline with the c pipeline, the b pipeline is connected with the d pipeline, and the No. 2 controller is switched to the g pipeline and the e pipeline Unicom, pipeline f and pipeline h are connected, controller No. 3 is switched to pipeline j, pipeline i is closed, controller No. 4 is switched to pipeline l, pipeline k is closed, so as to realize the working fluid through the working medium After the pump boosts the pressure, it absorbs heat through the heat storage and flows to the expander to do work, then enters the heat exchanger to release heat, and then enters the working fluid pump to complete cycle 2.

When the system is in cycle 2 working condition, the domestic water preheating system can be used to condense the heat exchanger and preheat the domestic water at the same time by adopting the heat exchange method.

The system heat storage can be used as a heat source to supply heat to external systems requiring low-grade heat, such as absorption or adsorption air conditioning systems.

When there are other low-grade heat sources available outside, the heat can be stored in the heat storage through the heat exchange pipeline for subsequent use.

When the quality of the external heat source is high, the system can set several heat storage devices at different temperatures at the same time. When the external heat source is used for heating, the organic Rankine cycle system works between the heat exchanger and the highest temperature heat storage device, and no external heat source is used for heating. The organic Rankine cycle system works between the highest temperature and the second high temperature storage in order to realize the cascade utilization of energy.

The external heat source described in the present invention is low-temperature waste heat resources such as industrial waste heat, solar energy or geothermal heat, which converts low-grade waste heat into high-quality electric energy, realizes high-efficiency utilization of waste heat, and avoids environmental pollution caused by waste heat discharge. Meet the needs of life for heat and electricity.

The specific implementation manners of the present invention will be described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

A time-sharing organic Rankine cycle device with a single expander to realize thermal energy cascades, its structure is shown in Figure 1, working medium pump 1, heat exchanger 3, expander 13, and heat storage 9 form the main circulation loop of the organic Rankine cycle , Condensation cycle pump 5, condenser 6, heat exchanger 3 form a condensation circuit.

No. 1 controller 2 has four pipeline interfaces, two of which are a and b connected to both ends of the working fluid pump, interface c is connected to the heat storage device, and interface d is connected to the heat exchanger; No. 2 controller 10 has four pipelines Interfaces, where interface e is connected to the inlet of the expander, interface f is connected to the outlet of the expander, interface g is connected to the other end of the heat storage device, and interface h is connected to the other end of the heat exchanger; No. 3 controller 4 and No. 4 control controller 8 are respectively There are three interfaces, the main interface is connected to both ends of the heat exchanger, the i interface of the third controller and the k interface of the fourth controller are respectively connected to the external heat flow pipeline to form a circulation loop, and the j interface of the third heat exchanger The interface is connected to the outlet of the condensing circulation pump, and the No. 4 controller 1 interface is connected to one end of the condenser to form a condensing circuit.

The domestic water preheating system 7 exchanges heat with the condenser 6 to provide hot water for domestic use and floor heating.

One to three heat exchange pipelines can be set in the heat storage 9 as required, one of which is connected to the c interface of the No. 1 controller and the g interface of the No. 2 controller respectively, and the second heat exchange pipeline is connected to the It is connected to other available external heat source systems, and the third heat exchange pipeline is connected to the heating system pipeline.

A kind of single expander described in the present invention realizes the thermal energy cascade time division and utilizes the working principle of the organic Rankine cycle device as follows:

1) When an external heat source is used for heating, the No. 1 controller is switched to connect the a pipeline with the b pipeline, the c pipeline is connected with the d pipeline, the No. 2 controller is switched to the h pipeline and the e pipeline is connected, and the f The pipeline is connected to the g pipeline, the No. 3 controller is switched to the i pipeline, the j pipeline is closed, the No. 4 controller is switched to the k pipeline, and the l pipeline is closed, so as to realize the pressure boost of the working fluid through the working fluid pump After absorbing heat through the heat exchanger to the expander to do work, it enters the heat storage device to release heat, and then enters the working fluid pump to complete cycle 1.

2) When the external heat source is not used, the No. 1 controller is switched to communicate with the a pipeline and the c pipeline, the b pipeline is connected with the d pipeline, the No. 2 controller is switched to the g pipeline and the e pipeline is connected, and the f pipeline is connected The No. 3 controller is switched to the j-pipeline, the i-pipeline is closed, the No. 4 controller is switched to the l-pipeline, and the k-pipeline is closed, so as to realize that the working fluid is boosted by the working fluid pump. After absorbing heat through the heat storage device, it flows to the expander to do work, then enters the heat exchanger to release heat, and then enters the working medium pump to complete the evening cycle 2.

3) At night, the domestic water in the domestic water system obtains domestic hot water by exchanging heat with the condenser (6).

4) When there is a low-grade heat source available externally, the heat storage system from other sources can be connected with the heat exchange pipeline in the heat storage (9) for heat exchange and heat storage.

5) When the outside needs a heat source with a temperature similar to that of the heat storage medium in the heat storage, the heat supply system is connected to the heat exchange pipeline in the heat storage 9 for heat exchange to supply heat to the outside.

When the quality of the external heat source is high, the system can set up several heat storage devices at different temperatures at the same time. When the cycle 1 of external heat source heating is used, the organic Rankine cycle system works between the heat exchanger and the highest temperature heat storage device. At night The organic Rankine cycle system works sequentially between the highest temperature and the second-highest temperature heat storage to realize cascade utilization of energy.

Claims (7)

1. a kind of single expanding machine realizes that thermal energy step timesharing utilizes organic Rankine cycle devices, including organic rankine cycle system and Subsystem, it is characterised in that：Organic rankine cycle system includes the working medium pump (1), the B of controller (2) that are sequentially connected Constitute one of end, heat exchanger (3), No. two controllers (10), expanding machine (13), thermal storage device (9), the C-terminal of a controller (2) Closed loop, and by No. four controllers (8), condenser (6), condensation cycle pump (5), three that end is sequentially connected of going out of heat exchanger (3) The closed loop that number controller (4), the inlet side of heat exchanger (3) are constituted；

Described subsystem includes other source heat heat removal system (11), heating system (12), domestic water pre-heating systems (7)；Wherein, other sources heats heat removal system (11), the two ends of heating system (12) connect the two ends of thermal storage device (9) respectively, raw The two ends for applying flexibly water pre-heating system (7) connect the two ends of condenser (6) respectively.

2. a kind of single expanding machine according to claim 1 realizes that thermal energy step timesharing utilizes organic Rankine cycle devices, its It is characterised by, thermal storage device (9) is the tun of built-in phase-change thermal storage medium, one to three set heat exchange is arranged as required to inside it Pipeline, is connected with organic rankine cycle system, other originate heat heat reservoir, heating systems respectively.

3. a kind of single expanding machine as claimed in claim 1 realizes circulation of the thermal energy step timesharing using organic Rankine cycle devices Method, it is characterised in that when using external heat source heat supply, after organic working medium is boosted through working medium pump (1), is transported to heat exchanger (3) in, after the residual heat stream heat exchange that i pipelines go out is entered by k pipelines, into expanding machine (13), after driving expanding machine acting, into storage Enter working medium pump (1) in hot device (9) after heat release and complete circulation 1；When external heat source heat supply is not used, organic working medium is through working medium pump (1) after the middle heat absorption of thermal storage device (3) is transported to after boosting, after driving expanding machine acting into expanding machine (13), into heat exchanger (3) Enter after the condensation working medium heat exchange that k pipelines go out carries out solar heat protection with by j pipelines, circulation 2 is completed into working medium pump (1)；Other systems bag Include other originate heat heat reservoir, heating systems, night domestic water system.

4. single expanding machine according to claim 3 realizes circulation side of the thermal energy step timesharing using organic Rankine cycle devices Method, it is characterised in that when using external heat source heat supply using circulation 1, a described controller (2) can realize its a pipeline With b pipelines UNICOM, c pipelines and d pipelines UNICOM, No. two h pipelines of controller (10) and e pipelines UNICOM, g pipelines join with f pipelines It is logical, No. three controller (4) i pipeline paths, j pipelines closure, No. four controller (8) k pipeline paths, l pipelines closure.

5. single expanding machine according to claim 3 realizes circulation side of the thermal energy step timesharing using organic Rankine cycle devices Method, it is characterised in that when not using external heat source heat supply using circulation 2, a described controller (2) can realize that its d is managed Road and b pipelines UNICOM, c pipelines and a pipelines UNICOM, No. two controller (10) g pipelines and e pipelines UNICOM, h pipelines join with f pipelines It is logical, No. three controller (4) j pipeline paths, i pipelines closure, No. four controller (8) l pipeline paths, k pipelines closure.

6. single expanding machine according to claim 3 realizes circulation side of the thermal energy step timesharing using organic Rankine cycle devices Method, it is characterised in that when not using external heat source heat supply using circulation 2, condensation cycle pump (5), condenser (6), heat exchanger (3) Composition condensing circuit, condensing circuit connects heating domestic water by condenser (6) with extraneous domestic water pre-heating system, can be with It is used as the thermal source of floor heating, domestic water etc..

7. single expanding machine according to claim 3 realizes circulation side of the thermal energy step timesharing using organic Rankine cycle devices Method, it is characterised in that when there are outside other low-grade heat sources, by other heats heat reservoir (11) of originating, directly will Heat high-quality part is stored in thermal storage device (9) by heat exchange, is left more tow taste heat as life heat；When the external world deposits When needing with thermal storage device middle-low grade thermal source similar temperature heat, heat supply directly can be passed through using thermal storage device (9) as thermal source System (12) heat supply to external world, for such as absorption, adsorption type air-conditioning system thermal source.