CN106759561A - One kind builds/structures shallow foundation empty processing method - Google Patents
One kind builds/structures shallow foundation empty processing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106759561A CN106759561A CN201611252161.5A CN201611252161A CN106759561A CN 106759561 A CN106759561 A CN 106759561A CN 201611252161 A CN201611252161 A CN 201611252161A CN 106759561 A CN106759561 A CN 106759561A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D37/00—Repair of damaged foundations or foundation structures
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D15/00—Handling building or like materials for hydraulic engineering or foundations
- E02D15/02—Handling of bulk concrete specially for foundation or hydraulic engineering purposes
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D3/00—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil
- E02D3/12—Consolidating by placing solidifying or pore-filling substances in the soil
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Consolidation Of Soil By Introduction Of Solidifying Substances Into Soil (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides one kind and builds/structures shallow foundation empty processing method.The empty processing method is specifically to first pass through ground penetrating radar detection to come to nothing the area at position, and carry out subregion, spray-hole is drilled with each comes to nothing region, then position of coming to nothing is filled to injection packing material in each region of coming to nothing successively since a spray-hole at the position most edge that comes to nothing using concrete-spraying machine and air compressor machine, each area spray uses rubber stopper temporary plugging spray-hole after finishing, after 5 10d being stood after all injections are finished, opening rubber stopper inspection and postinjection ensures that material filling is full in each subregion that comes to nothing, finally with the Concrete Filled spray-hole higher than one strength grade of original ground concrete, after at least standing 28 days, construction waterproof layer, recover ground.Construction method of the present invention is simple, easy to operate, gather materials on the spot, and pollution-free, short time limit, economical rationality is with low cost, and regulation effect is good, wide adaptability.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to building foundation engineering technical field, specifically one kind build/structures thing shallow foundation comes to nothing improvement
Method.
Background technology
Currently, shallow embedding pile foundation support table is broad-based is applied in China's engineering construction, high capacity, construction cost bottom, builds
Thing good stability, but the shallow embedding pile foundation support table basis for being used on soft foundation are built, due to the consolidation of soft layer, Yi Jisui
The increase of time, the creeping of foundation soil, the rheological equationm of state, shallow-layer inter-pile soil follow sinking, produces cushion cap to come to nothing existing with foundation soil
As.
Particularly some factory buildings of coastal area, after the leveling of place, top is dispersed with certain thickness recent fill, bottom
Deep ocean sludge is dispersed with, the duration of factory building is general shorter, uses shallow embedding pile foundation support table basis, and pile foundation uses PHC
Prestressed concrete pipe pile, typically supports by stake of plastic~clay of hard plastic state or the medium coarse sand containing cohesive soil of dense state
Consolidation settlement, gesture will be produced under power layer, although pile foundation negative friction force is considered during design to be influenceed, but flat filled load effect on the scene
The regional land subsidence must be caused, after the completion of pile foundation support table construction, due to entering one with ocean sludge layer consolidation settlement
Step development, causes coming to nothing for the construction of structures shallow foundation such as factory building.
General building or structures can consider the influence of Measurement of Negative Friction of Piles in the design, but basis comes to nothing right
Build/structures still produce following influence：(1) because basis is come to nothing with foundation soil, a part of pile side resistance is have lost, result in stake
Depression of bearing force；(2) when dynamic load or horizontal loading are born in basis, bearing capacity of pile foundation can be caused to be greatly lowered, shadow
Ring construction of structures safety.(3) basis is chronically at the state of coming to nothing with ground, outward appearance that influence construction is built, reliability, applicability and
Durability.
Therefore shallow foundation is built to construction and comes to nothing and process, be problem in the urgent need to address.At present for coming to nothing
Processing method, typically all by the way of bored grouting, injecting paste material typically uses cement, waterglass, concrete etc., the note
Slurry is relatively costly, easily pollution, and is not appropriate for large area shallow foundation and comes to nothing treatment.
The content of the invention
The present invention is according to the deficiencies in the prior art, there is provided a kind of easy construction, construction cost be cheap, pollution-free and construction work
Phase is short, construction effect is good, and what construction quality was easy to ensure build/and structures thing shallow foundation comes to nothing administering method.
One kind of the present invention builds/structures shallow foundation empty processing method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps that：
(1) by GPR building/structures bottom detected, to building/structure base comes to nothing and be identified, really
Surely position particular location, area and the depth of coming to nothing to be processed is needed；
(2) position of coming to nothing to identification in step (1) carries out subregion, and carrying out subregion to area of coming to nothing is considered as the area's area that comes to nothing
Size and spraying machine performance carry out subregion；And spray-hole is drilled with each comes to nothing region, the aperture of spray-hole is 110mm, many
Individual spray-hole is in quincunx distribution, and its pitch-row is 3~5m；Spray-hole is drilled with using portable pore-forming equipment, and its drill bit is straight
Footpath is 110mm；
(3) spraying equipment and packing material are prepared, the spraying equipment is to include concrete-spraying machine and air compressor machine, and air compressor machine passes through
Air-pressure tube is connected with concrete-spraying machine, and S type injector heads are provided with the playpipe of concrete-spraying machine；The packing material is job site
Any one or a few mixing in detail sand, medium coarse sand, Guamishi or stone flour, and the particle diameter of packing material is not more than 15mm；
(4) position of coming to nothing is transported directly to after spraying equipment is assembled, and the S types injector head insertion of playpipe is de-
In one spray-hole at empty position most edge, then by blasting materials add concrete-spraying machine in, and simultaneously open concrete-spraying machine and pneumatics
Machine；Directly by spray-hole to packing material is sprayed in region of coming to nothing, filled when packing material to the orifice position of spray-hole, just
Stop injection, take out injector head, using rubber stopper by the spray-hole temporary plugging, S types injector head is then inserted adjacent thereto
Next spray-hole in continue to spray, sequentially into being completely filled the position of coming to nothing, stop injection；
(5) after standing 5-10d, the temporary plugging rubber stopper of each spray-hole is opened, and checks every one by one by spray-hole
Individual subregion material filling saturation degree of coming to nothing, secondary injection is carried out for filling not full region, secondary injection finish after again
Using rubber stopper by spray-hole temporary plugging, 5-10d is stood, be again turned on checking its filling saturation degree, to making each area of coming to nothing
Filled in domain full；The detection of specific saturation degree is typically detected by using aid spade for example long, downhole imaging etc.
It is determined that；
(6) wait region of coming to nothing be stuffed entirely with it is full after, the crude position chipping of hole wall will be sprayed with pneumatic pick, then with being higher than
The Concrete Filled spray-hole of one strength grade of original ground concrete, after at least standing 28 days, construction waterproof layer recovers
Build/structures bottom panel.
The present invention preferably technical scheme：The position of coming to nothing be placed in build/structures bottom edges when, injection filling material
Before material, first pass through sand pocket or earth bag or lay bricks mould or pre-buried baffle plate is blocked edge.The position at general edge is
Refer to that building major axis and short-axis direction side are come to nothing area, short axle side direction all can manually be blocked, long axis direction with
Order from left to right is preferably greater than this injection two times of section of filling according to the injection artificial closure of progress segmentation, the length of every section of closure
Injection hole spacing, be beneficial to the exhaust of whole course of injection clear and coherent.
The present invention preferably technical scheme：Before packing material is sprayed, the height in region of coming to nothing is measured by visiting land mine
Degree and area, and the volume in region of coming to nothing is calculated with being highly multiplied with area, while determining the consumption of packing material；And in spray
During penetrating, the consumption of each area filling material is recorded.
The present invention preferably technical scheme：In course of injection, the injection in each region is slow from deep bottom of coming to nothing
Lifting injection, specific injecting time can test determination with the parameters such as translational speed are lifted up according to site technique；Often spray
One region, is detected by GPR or camera, for the position of defect, carries out postinjection, it is ensured that each area
Domain injection is complete.When being detected using camera, can be put down with the camera of 360 degree of rotations using a feeler lever band, see spray
The situation of filling is penetrated, the defect being invisible to the naked eye is made up.
The present invention preferably technical scheme：Described " S " type shower nozzle is the curved steel tube that 60-80 degree is by two radians
The monoblock type shower nozzle being welded, " S " type shower nozzle is fixedly connected by fixing clasp with playpipe, is then consolidated by nut
It is fixed.
The present invention preferably technical scheme：The height that comes to nothing at the position of coming to nothing is within 1.5m.
The present invention preferably technical scheme：In step 2 to position of coming to nothing carry out subregion after, the area in each region is
9-15m2, a spray-hole is drilled with the center in each region.
Concrete-spraying machine and air compressor machine in the present invention use existing equipment, and concrete-spraying machine is a kind of tidal gunite concrete machine
Tool, is a kind of conventional mixing with unique hold-down gear, it is adaptable to railway (highway) tunnel, skyscraper and diversion culvert
Solidifying soil spraying equipment.The air compressor machine uses electronic mobile screw air compressor, and the model of specific concrete-spraying machine and air compressor machine can be with root
Flexibly selected according to the area's size that comes to nothing, depth of coming to nothing and de- Mined-out area disposal specific requirement.
It is treatment of being come to nothing within 1.5m that method of the present invention is applied to the height that comes to nothing, and more than 1.5m is contemplated that artificial straight
Tap into and spray filling treatment into area of coming to nothing or processed using more efficient method.
The present invention is filled to region of coming to nothing using blasting materials using spraying concrete technology, is substantially changed and was used in the past
The conventional method that cement grout and chemical grouting are administered to region of coming to nothing, the method technology maturation, it is easy to operate, take on the spot
Material, economical rationality is with low cost, is successfully used for the newly-built steel mill in Guangdong, is successfully used for the newly-built steel mill's water process in Guangdong
Project, its area's packing density that comes to nothing reaches 100%, meets design requirement, and regulation effect is good, wide adaptability.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is constructing structure schematic diagram of the invention；
Fig. 2 is nozzle structure schematic diagram of the invention；
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of fixing clasp in the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the flat distribution map of whole steel mill in the present invention；
Pending area builds/structures plan in Fig. 5 the present embodiment；
Fig. 6 to Figure 13 is the Specific construction procedure chart in embodiment.
In figure：1-construction of structures base plate, 2-sand pocket or earth bag, 3-concrete-spraying machine, 4-air compressor machine, 5-packing material,
6-air-pressure tube, 7-playpipe, 8-" S " type shower nozzle, 8-1-fixing clasp, 8-2-snap ring nut, 9-spray-hole, 10-new
Closely banket, 11-deep ＆ thick silt, 12-rubber stopper, 13-hot-rolling water processing region, 14-filter station, 15-horizontal flow basin and pump
Room, 16-water process electric substation, 17-Whirlwind tank, 18-central pumping station and water tower, 19-laminar flow pumping plant, between 20-sewage disposal
And concentration basin.
Specific embodiment
With reference to embodiment and accompanying drawing, the invention will be further described.
The construction equipment used in embodiment in the present invention, it is as shown in Figure 1 including concrete-spraying machine 3 and air compressor machine 4, air compressor machine
4 are connected by air-pressure tube 6 with concrete-spraying machine 3, and S types injector head 7 is provided with the playpipe 7 of concrete-spraying machine 3；As shown in Fig. 2 described
" S " type shower nozzle be monoblock type shower nozzle that the curved steel tube for being 60-80 degree by two radians is welded, " S " type shower nozzle 8 leads to
Cross fixing clasp 8-1 to be fixedly connected with playpipe 7, as shown in figure 3, the fixing end of fixing clasp 8-1 is locked by snap ring nut 8-2
Tightly.
Embodiment 1：Specifically with the newly-built steel mill in Guangdong as Project case, the flat distribution map of the steel mill as shown in figure 4,
Wherein hot-rolling water processing region 13 is back filled region recently, and the area distribution has thicker mud, and thickness is distributed with the region
The ocean sludge spent between 3~16.5m, in December, 2009 backfills so far, and the region bottom surface is slowly sinking always.The region
Interior building uses reinforced concrete structure, and using pile foundation, pile-type is according to geological condition, load situation and structure shape
Formula etc., is respectively adopted the pretensioned prestressed concrete pipe pile of PHC600AB110/PHC500AB100/PHC400AB95, with
The clay of plastic~hard plastic state or the medium coarse sand containing cohesive soil of dense state are bearing course at pile end, stake universal 44m long or so, stake
When base is calculated, it is contemplated that the influence of negative friction, after the completion of pile foundation support table construction, due to ocean sludge layer consolidation settlement
Further development, cause coming to nothing for construction of structures shallow foundation.
The address situation in the region is reconnoitred by GPR, the region place is former apron beach~marine plain
Beginning hypsography is big, and the master stratum being distributed in place has：Artificial aggrade (Qml) layer, the 4th are that Holocene series rushes proluvial (Q4 al+pl)
Layer, eolian sea product (Q4 ml+dl) layer, the 4th be Holocene series sea product (Q4 m) layer, upper Pleistocene series paste light rock group (Q3 V) and the 4th be under
Update system Zhanjiang group sea-land interbedding facies and deposit (Ql mc) layer.Wherein artificial earth fill's thickness about 5m, marine mud thickness is in 3-16.5m
Between.The construction area east side earth's surface is dispersed with a large amount of eolian sea product (Q4 ml+dl) layer detail sand.
And whole hot-rolling water processing region is detected by GPR, to building/structure base comes to nothing and knows
Not, the horizontal flow basin of the hot-rolling water processing region of the steel mill, central pumping station and water tower, filter station, water process electric substation, pre- are found
Coming to nothing occur in concentration basin, the basis of concentration basin, and the construction of structures plan at its position of coming to nothing is as shown in figure 5, portion of entirely coming to nothing
Position is square, and its depth of coming to nothing is about 0.3~1.0m, it is impossible to which using manual type backfill, and position of coming to nothing is close to building
The edge of thing；The data detected by detection radar calculate the volume in whole region of coming to nothing, and estimate packing material demand,
For the problem of coming to nothing that above-mentioned steel mill's hot rolling water treatment zone is present, the administering method that comes to nothing employed in the present invention is administered.
Backfilled from HPZ6 type concrete-spraying machines in its governance process, the technical parameter of concrete-spraying machine is production capacity 7m3/ h,
Maximum delivery is apart from the vertical 20m of horizontal 30m, conveying bore φ 64mm/ (51), maximum diameter of aggrogate 15mm, wind pressure of work
0.4-0.6MPa, blast consumption 10-15m3/min, rotor block diameter 505mm, resilience are average<=10%, liquid accelerator addition
0.7%, main motor model Y160m3-6-7.5 (KW), vibrating motor power 0.37KW, accelerator motor model Y90L-6, speed
Solidifying agent outlet pressure regulation 0.65-0.7MPa, voltage class 380V.With 10m3Air compressor machine 1, air compressor machine use electronic mobile screw
Air compressor machine, its power：37~185KW, tolerance：6.0~25.5m3/min, pressure at expulsion：0.7~1.8MPa, the kind of drive：Directly
Connection, the type of cooling：It is air-cooled.Packing material is from the widely distributed eolian sea product detail sand of steel mill's East earth's surface as main backfill
Material.
Specific construction process is as follows：
(1) subregion is carried out to need hot-rolled area to be processed, the area of each subregion is 9-15m2, because position of coming to nothing is whole
Body is square, so each subregion is square, and calculates the packing material consumption of each subregion, then using portable drilling
Machine is drilled with a spray-hole in the center of each subregion, and the aperture of spray-hole is 110mm, and multiple spray-holes are in quincunx point
Cloth, its pitch-row is 3~5m, specific as shown in Fig. 6 to Figure 13；
(2) along building/part of structures short-axis direction side and long axis direction side comes to nothing area's outer edge, with sand pocket or soil
Bag 2 is manually blocked, to keep out the material of injection；
(3) ready concrete-spraying machine 3 is connected by air-pressure tube 6 with air compressor machine 4, S types injector head 7 is then arranged on spray
The playpipe of concrete machine 3, the diameter of S types injector head 7 is about 70-80mm；
Then ready spraying equipment and packing material are transported to construction site, and by the S type injector heads of playpipe
Insertion come to nothing position most edge a spray-hole in, during blasting materials then are added into concrete-spraying machine, and open concrete-spraying machine simultaneously
And air compressor machine；Directly by spray-hole to packing material is sprayed in region of coming to nothing, when packing material is filled to the aperture of spray-hole
Position, just stops injection, takes out injector head, using rubber stopper by the spray-hole temporary plugging, then by the insertion of S types injector head with
Continue to spray in its adjacent next spray-hole, as shown in Fig. 6 to Figure 13, wherein Fig. 6 is an injection to specific injection order
During order trend graph, specific injection order be in Fig. 6 and Figure 13 1. -2. -3. -4. -5. -4. order, Fig. 7 to Figure 12 is
The specific course of injection figure of injection order in Fig. 6, the 1. number hole injection wherein in Fig. 7 corresponding diagrams 6, in Fig. 8 corresponding diagrams 6 2. number
Hole is sprayed, the 3. number hole injection in Fig. 9 corresponding diagrams 6,4. number hole injection in Figure 10 corresponding diagrams 6,5. number hole spray in Figure 11 corresponding diagrams 6
Penetrate, the 4. secondary injection in number hole in Figure 12 corresponding diagrams 6, after first course of injection is completed, and according to course of injection in Figure 13
Order trend graph carries out the second wheel injection, to the position of coming to nothing is sprayed filling completion completely.Often filled in course of injection
A region is completed, is checked with downhole imaging head apparatus, to defect part, then carry out postinjection, while the good spray of record
Material usage is penetrated, each injection hole injection is finished, and carries out temporary plugging with rubber stopper 12；To making, the position of coming to nothing is complete
Filling, stops injection；
(4) after standing one week, the temporary plugging rubber stopper of each spray-hole is opened, and aid is utilized from spray-hole
Spade such as long, downhole imaging check each subregion material filling saturation degree of coming to nothing one by one, and the region for filling not full is carried out
Secondary injection, secondary injection uses rubber stopper by spray-hole temporary plugging again after finishing, and stands 5-10d, is again turned on checking
Its filling saturation degree, to making, filling in each region of coming to nothing is full；
(6) wait region of coming to nothing be stuffed entirely with it is full after, the crude position chipping of hole wall will be sprayed with pneumatic pick, then with being higher than
The Concrete Filled spray-hole of one strength grade of original ground concrete, after at least standing 28 days, construction waterproof layer recovers
Build/structures ground.
Carry out processing pollution-free, short time limit using the above method coming to nothing that steel mill's hot rolling water treatment zone occur, pass through
The detection in later stage, its area's packing density that comes to nothing reaches 100%, meets design requirement, and regulation effect is good, wide adaptability.
Claims (7)
1. one kind builds/structures shallow foundation empty processing method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps that：
(1) by GPR building/structures bottom detected, to building/structure base comes to nothing and be identified, it is determined that needing
Position particular location, area and the depth of coming to nothing to be processed；
(2) position of coming to nothing to identification in step (1) carries out subregion, and spray-hole, spray-hole are drilled with each comes to nothing region
Aperture is 110mm, and multiple spray-holes are in quincunx distribution, and its pitch-row is 3~5m；
(3) spraying equipment and packing material are prepared, the spraying equipment is to include concrete-spraying machine and air compressor machine, air compressor machine passes through pneumatics
Pipe is connected with concrete-spraying machine, and S type injector heads are provided with the playpipe of concrete-spraying machine；The packing material is the detail of job site
Any one or a few mixing in sand, medium coarse sand, Guamishi or stone flour, and the particle diameter of packing material is not more than 15mm；
(4) position of coming to nothing is transported directly to after spraying equipment is assembled, and the S types injector head of playpipe is inserted into portion of coming to nothing
Position most edge a spray-hole in, then by blasting materials add concrete-spraying machine in, and simultaneously open concrete-spraying machine and air compressor machine；Directly
Overspray hole is connected to packing material is sprayed in region of coming to nothing, is filled when packing material to the orifice position of spray-hole, just stopped
Injection, takes out injector head, using rubber stopper by the spray-hole temporary plugging, then by the insertion of S types injector head it is adjacent thereto under
Continue to spray in one spray-hole, sequentially into the position of coming to nothing is completely filled, stop injection；
(5) after standing 5-10d, the temporary plugging rubber stopper of each spray-hole is opened, and checks that each takes off one by one by spray-hole
Space division area material filling saturation degree, the region for filling not full carries out secondary injection, and secondary injection is used again after finishing
Spray-hole temporary plugging is stood 5-10d by rubber stopper, is again turned on checking its filling saturation degree, is come to nothing in region to each is made
Filling is full；
(6) wait region of coming to nothing be stuffed entirely with it is full after, the crude position chipping of hole wall will be sprayed with pneumatic pick, then with higher than original
The Concrete Filled spray-hole of one strength grade of ground concrete, after at least standing 28 days ,/structure is built in construction waterproof layer, recovery
Build thing bottom panel.
2. one kind according to claim 1 builds/structures shallow foundation empty processing method, it is characterised in that：It is described de-
Empty position be placed in build/structures bottom edges when, before packing material is sprayed, first pass through sand pocket or earth bag or mould or pre- of laying bricks
Baffle plate is buried to be blocked edge.
3. one kind according to claim 1 builds/structures shallow foundation empty processing method, it is characterised in that：In injection
Before packing material, the height and area in region of coming to nothing are measured by visiting land mine, and calculated with being highly multiplied with area de-
The volume of dummy section, determines the consumption of packing material；And in course of injection, record the consumption of each area filling material.
4. one kind according to claim 1 builds/structures shallow foundation empty processing method, it is characterised in that：Each area
The injection in domain all slowly lifts injection from deep bottom of coming to nothing, and often sprays a region, is carried out by GPR or camera
Detection, for the position of defect, carries out postinjection, it is ensured that each area spray is complete.
5. one kind according to claim 1 builds/structures shallow foundation empty processing method, it is characterised in that：Described
" S " type shower nozzle is the monoblock type shower nozzle that the curved steel tube for being 60-80 degree by two radians is welded, and " S " type shower nozzle passes through
Fixing clasp is fixedly connected with playpipe.
6. one kind according to claim 1 builds/structures shallow foundation empty processing method, it is characterised in that：It is described de-
The height that comes to nothing at empty position is within 1.5m.
7. one kind according to claim 1 builds/structures shallow foundation empty processing method, it is characterised in that：In step
(2) in position of coming to nothing carry out subregion after, the area in each region is 9-15m2, one is drilled with the center in each region
Individual spray-hole.
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