CN106756559B - A kind of Resistance to Concentrated Sulfuric Acid Corrosion high-silicon austenite stainless steel and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of Resistance to Concentrated Sulfuric Acid Corrosion high-silicon austenite stainless steel and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A kind of Resistance to Concentrated Sulfuric Acid Corrosion high-silicon austenite stainless steel of present invention offer and preparation method thereof, energy Resistance to Concentrated Sulfuric Acid Corrosion, has good mechanical performance and welding performance, can be used for producing equipment and pipeline used in the concentrated sulfuric acid.The stainless steel forms as follows according to weight percent：Cr：13 15%, Ni：13 17%, Si：5.5 6.5%, C：＜ 0.03%, Mn：＜ 2%, Al：≤ 0.30%, N：＜ 0.1%, P：＜ 0.04%, S：＜ 0.02%, Mo：0.75 1.5%, Cu：0.75 1.5%, W：0.5 1%, Sn：0.5 1%, Sb≤0.15%, other trace elements：0.005 0.01%, surplus Fe.The preparation method adds the production technology of intermediate frequency furnace smelting mother liquor → AOD → LF → casting → electroslag remelting using Consteel electric furnaces.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Resistance to Concentrated Sulfuric Acid Corrosion high-silicon austenite stainless steel and preparation method thereof, which is applicable in
In the production of the sulfuric acid of high-temperature high concentration, processing and use equipment and device.
Background technology
Currently, since the production of high concentrated acid, processing and application are more and more so that relevant device application is developed,
But since current traditional material equipment is unsatisfactory always, the exploitation of high concentrated acid and development is caused to be restricted.It is dense
Sulfuric acid is a kind of highly corrosive strong mineral acid, has strong oxidizing property, while also having dehydration property, hardly possible volatilization, deep-etching
Property and water imbibition.Both at home and abroad largely there is high alloy content, of high cost, processing performance and poor corrosion resistance etc. in product at present
Disadvantage.
Shanghai Steel and Iron Research Institute is developed in the 80's for moderate temperature (50-70 DEG C) concentrated sulfuric acid medium not
Become rusty steel, trade mark RS-2, which is to add in chromium (Cr)-nickel (Ni)-iron (Fe) base stainless steel
Add the elements such as appropriate molybdenum (Mo), copper (Cu), niobium (Nb) that surface passivated membrane is made to quickly generate, the feature request of passivating film is to compare
It is fine and close, be firmly combined with and higher mechanical property, and sulfuric acid is prevented to corrode material surface.But RS-2 is in sulfuric acid temperature
When degree is increased in certain temperature, skin covering of the surface is no longer stablized, it is difficult to resist concentrated sulfuric acid erosion.
At abroad, trade mark Carpenter 20cb-3,904L, sanicro28 these materials by adjusting Cr, Ni,
The composition range of Mo, Cu, to reach corrosion resistant purpose, but the application field of these materials is Dilute Sulphuric Acid Medium.
The series of products that Hastelloy companies of the U.S. develop are applied to high temperature concentrated sulfuric acid field.The typical trade mark has
HC-200, HC-276, HD-205 etc., principle are to improve Ni contents, Mo contents or Si contents by large scale to improve
The generation stability of skin covering of the surface, and then achieve the purpose that the high temperature resistant concentrated sulfuric acid corrodes, this just makes the alloy content of product carry significantly
Gao Liao.
The product of Japanese trade mark examined patent publication 59-2737 makes alloy its main feature is that improving Cr, Ni, Mo, silicon (Si) content
Content is up to 80%, affects the cost performance of material expansion.
The products such as Sweden trade mark Sandvic SX and KRUPP companies of Germany Nicrofer2509Si7, in sulfuric acid medium
There is a preferable performance, but using breaking into based on Ni bases point, therefore price is costly.
Invention content
It is an object of the invention to overcome above-mentioned deficiency existing in the prior art, and provide a kind of the resistance to dense of reasonable design
Sulfuric acid corrosion high-silicon austenite stainless steel and preparation method thereof, can Resistance to Concentrated Sulfuric Acid Corrosion, and with good mechanical performance and
Welding performance can be used for producing equipment and pipeline used in the concentrated sulfuric acid.
Technical solution is used by the present invention solves the above problems：A kind of Resistance to Concentrated Sulfuric Acid Corrosion high-silicon austenite is stainless
Steel, it is characterised in that：It is formed according to weight percent as follows：Cr：13-15 %, Ni：13-17%, Si：5.5-6.5%, C：＜
0.03%, Mn：＜ 2%, Al：≤ 0.30%, N：＜ 0.1%, P：＜ 0.04%, S：＜ 0.02%, Mo：0.75-1.5%, Cu：0.75-
1.5%, W：0.5-1%, Sn：0.5-1%, Sb≤0.15%, other trace elements：0.005-0.01%, surplus Fe.
The present invention forms as follows according to weight percent：Cr：14.2 %, Ni：16.8%, Si：5.9%, C：0.02%, Mn：
1.2%, Al:0.15%, N:0.05%, P:0.025%, S:0.01%, Mo：0.9%, Cu：1.1%, W：0.6%, Sn:0.7%, Sb:
0.005%, other trace elements 0.007%, surplus Fe.
The present invention forms as follows according to weight percent：Cr：14.1 %, Ni：15.2%, Si：5.6%, C：0.026%, Mn：
1.1%, Al：0.17%, N：0.051%, P:0.029%, S：0.015%, Mo：0.92%, Cu：1.2%, W：0.56%, Sn：0.75%,
Sb:0.015%, other trace elements 0.0062%, surplus Fe.
Other trace elements of the present invention are rare earth element.
The hot-working of Resistance to Concentrated Sulfuric Acid Corrosion high-silicon austenite stainless steel of the present invention is using forging or the shape rolled
Formula, wherein starting forging temperature are 1060-1080 DEG C, and final forging temperature is more than 850 DEG C, and start rolling temperature is 1120-1140 DEG C, finish to gauge temperature
Degree is more than 900 DEG C.
Resistance to Concentrated Sulfuric Acid Corrosion of the present invention is controlled with high-silicon austenite stainless steel solid solubility temperature in 1050-1150 DEG C of model
In enclosing.
The type of cooling of Resistance to Concentrated Sulfuric Acid Corrosion high-silicon austenite stainless steel of the present invention can be for water cooling or wind
It is cold.
A kind of preparation method of above-mentioned Resistance to Concentrated Sulfuric Acid Corrosion high-silicon austenite stainless steel, it is characterised in that：Step is such as
Under：
（1）, Consteel electric furnaces and intermediate frequency furnace smelt high-silicon austenite stainless steel mother liquor together；
Consteel electric furnaces mother liquor composition forms as follows according to weight percent：C:0.13%； Si:0.01%；Cr：
1.01%；Ni:14.29%；P:0.008%；Surplus is Fe；Tapping temperature is controlled at 1560 DEG C；
Intermediate frequency furnace mother liquor composition forms as follows according to weight percent：P ＜ 0.02%；Cr:20~30%, Mo:1~3%；It is remaining
Amount is Fe；Tapping temperature is 1550~1630 DEG C；
（2）, Consteel electric furnaces mother liquor and intermediate frequency furnace mother liquor blend to AOD furnace and smelted, the weight of oxidation stage carbon
Degree control carries out reduction and desulfurization below 0.005%；The weight percent content control of AOD furnace desulfurization phase sulphur exists
0.001% hereinafter, desulfurization latter stage addition aluminium block progress deoxidation, prevents carburetting phosphorization, other compositions control from can be tapped in place to LF
Stove, tapping temperature are controlled at 1460-1500 DEG C.
（3）, LF stoves carry out temperature component fine tuning, it is weak blow, feed silk, feed SiCa line 300m, B line 20-25m, final LF stoves iron
Water forms as follows according to weight percent：Cr：14.2 %, Ni：16.8%, Si：5.9%, C：0.02%, Mn：1.2%, Al:0.15%,
N:0.05%, P:0.025%, S:0.01%, Mo：0.9%, Cu：1.1%, W：0.6%, Sn:0.7%, Sb:0.005%, other are micro
Element 0.007%, surplus Fe；LF stoves molten iron is sent to casting machine by bull ladle, and the control of bull ladle temperature is at 1380-1400 DEG C, first packet
Bull ladle temperature can be controlled by the upper limit, and secondary packet bull ladle temperature can be controlled by lower limit；
（4）, with electroslag refining furnace carry out electroslag remelting after casting；It is rolled for remelting base, start rolling temperature 1136
DEG C, finishing temperature is higher than 900 DEG C, rolls into the coiled sheet of different size.
To the raw material preheating of Consteel electric furnace mother liquors to 550 DEG C before melting of the present invention.
Compared with prior art, the present invention haing the following advantages and effect：
The present invention is matched by a kind of completely new formula using chromium (Cr), nickel (Ni), silicon (Si), metal molybdenum (Mo), copper (Cu)
Alloying in appropriate proportions, and the elements such as Sb, Sn, rare earth are added and carry out microalloying modification, reach improve its high temperature resistant whereby
The purpose of concentrated sulfuric acid erosiveness, and there is good mechanical performance and welding performance.
Cu and Sb plays an important role to the corrosion resistance for improving steel, and Cu is easily combined the surface shape for promoting steel with the S in steel
At Cu2S passivating films alleviate corrosion of sulfuric acid at dew point to inhibit the electrochemical reaction of anode reaction and cathode.Sb is added in steel
The corrosion resistance and wearability of steel can be improved.But Cu and Sb is low-melting-point metal element, easily in crystal boundary segregation, causes to cast
Base micro-crack.The surface quality of strand and steel plate, this hair can be improved using suitable casting technique by adjusting Cu, Sb content
Between 0.75-1.5%, Sb is controlled≤0.15% for bright middle Cu contents control.
Cr ferrite formers improve the corrosion resistance of material, improve the intensity and pyro-oxidation resistance of alloy, fit
When the content of control Cr elements is conducive to control chromium nickel equivalent ratio, and then be conducive to control the hot-working plastic of the two phase stainless steel
Property, the present invention in chromium content control in 13%≤Cr≤15%.
Ni is austenite former, and austenite can be reduced range and be expanded to low-temperature space by nickel, and nickel can improve toughness
And ductility, processing, manufacture and welding are made it easier to, enhances antiacid corrosion, keeps the ability of passivating film and in corrosive medium
In resistance to corrosion, content control in 13%≤Ni≤17%.
Mo is stainless steel and the common alloy element of various corrosion resisting alloys.Mo can promote the passivation of alloy, make steel
Surface forms chromium-rich oxidation film, and this containing Cr, the oxidation film of Mo has very high stability, and can effectively inhibit chlorine
Spot corrosion caused by ion.Mo is added in alloy of the present invention makes its corrosion potential in sulfuric acid shuffle, and passivation critical current falls sharply,
Content is controlled in 0.75-1%.
C is austenite former, to a certain extent instead of nickel, promotes austenite and stable austenite, when carbon content mistake
Gao Shi, to generate chromium carbide with chromium, the corrosion resistance and toughness of stainless steel deteriorate, in order to ensure the corrosion resistance of stainless steel, contain
Amount control is below 0.03%.
Si is ferrite former and plays the role of stablizing ferritic, also functions to deoxidation additive, improves welding stream
Dynamic property has the tendency that increasing interphase is precipitated and reduces N concentration when silicone content is excessively high, content is controlled in 5.5%≤Si≤6.5%.
Mn is the effect of austenite former and stable austenite, can replace nickel to a certain extent, obtains Ovshinsky
Body tissue, while nitrogen solid solubility is improved, and then the content of nitrogen is improved, excessively high manganese is unfavorable to the corrosion-resistant shape of material, and promotes
The formation of metal phase, influences impact flexibility and corrosion resistance, and content is controlled in Mn≤2%.
Sn can substantially reduce the high-temperature mechanical property of steel, but a small amount of Sn can improve the corrosion resistance of steel, intensity
It improves, plasticity is but influenced less.
W is ferrite former, and can improve elevated temperature strength and high temperature resistant croop property, but excessive be added can make
At the precipitation of brittlement phase, content is controlled in 0.5%≤W≤1%.
N is stable Ovshinsky element of volume, improves the corrosion resistance of steel, especially resistance to spot corrosion and crevice corrosion behavior, can be with
Improve the intensity of steel, fatigue and croop property, improves the welding performance of material.But crossing high nitrogen-containing reduces the hot-working plastic of material
Property, too low nitrogen content can reduce the content of chromium again, unfavorable to the corrosion resistance of material, and content is controlled in nitrogen ＜ 0.1%.
P is harmful element, is segregated in crystal boundary or phase boundary, unfavorable to the corrosion resistance and hot-working character of material, preferably
Control is in P ＜ 0.04%.
S is harmful element, and easily and manganese forms the hot-workability of manganese sulfide reduction material and calcium forms calcium sulfide, confrontation
Corrosive nature is harmful, and priority acccess control is in ＜ 0.002%.
Trace element is rare earth element, and a small amount of rare earth element, which is added, can improve inoxidizability, elevated temperature strength and creep
Intensity increases corrosion resistance.
Specific implementation mode
The present invention is described in further detail below and by embodiment, and following embodiment is explanation of the invention
And the invention is not limited in following embodiments.
A kind of Resistance to Concentrated Sulfuric Acid Corrosion high-silicon austenite stainless steel, ingredient form as follows according to weight percent：Cr：13-
15 %, Ni：13-17%, Si：5.5-6.5%, C：＜ 0.03%, Mn：＜ 2%, Al：≤ 0.30%, N：＜ 0.1%, P：＜ 0.04%, S：
＜ 0.02%, Mo：0.75-1.5%, Cu：0.75-1.5%, W：0.5-1%, Sn：0.5-1%, Sb≤0.15%, other trace elements：
0.005-0.01%, surplus Fe.Other trace elements are rare earth element.
Table 1 is ten embodiments of Resistance to Concentrated Sulfuric Acid Corrosion high-silicon austenite stainless steel（Each embodiment component content is attached most importance to
Measure percentage）.
Table 1.
The Resistance to Concentrated Sulfuric Acid Corrosion of the present invention non-vacuum induction furnace can be used to add electroslag refining furnace with high-silicon austenite stainless steel
It is smelted, can also use vaccum sensitive stove, intermediate frequency furnace that electroslag refining furnace is added to smelt, slag can also be powered up with electric arc furnaces
Remelting furnace is smelted.
The form of forging or rolling can be used in the hot-working of the Resistance to Concentrated Sulfuric Acid Corrosion high-silicon austenite stainless steel of the present invention,
Wherein starting forging temperature is 1060-1080 DEG C, and final forging temperature is more than 850 DEG C.Start rolling temperature is 1120-1140 DEG C, and finishing temperature is big
In 900 DEG C.
The Resistance to Concentrated Sulfuric Acid Corrosion of the present invention is controlled with high-silicon austenite stainless steel solid solubility temperature in 1050-1150 DEG C of range
It is interior.The type of cooling of the Resistance to Concentrated Sulfuric Acid Corrosion high-silicon austenite stainless steel of the present invention can be for water cooling or air-cooled.
It is a kind of method that Consteel electric furnaces, intermediate frequency furnace, AOD furnace, LF stoves add electroslag refining furnace to smelt below：
A kind of preparation method of Resistance to Concentrated Sulfuric Acid Corrosion high-silicon austenite stainless steel, steps are as follows：
（1）, Consteel electric furnaces and intermediate frequency furnace smelt high-silicon austenite stainless steel mother liquor together；
Consteel electric furnaces mother liquor composition forms as follows according to weight percent：C:0.13%； Si:0.01%；Cr：
1.01%；Ni:14.29%；P:0.008%；Surplus is Fe；Tapping temperature is controlled at 1560 DEG C；The raw material of Consteel electric furnace mother liquors
Stainless steel waste material, high-quality steel scrap, ferronickel may be used, can raw material be preheating to 550 DEG C before melting, reduce smelting cost, melt
It can reduce P's by oxygen blast, the appropriate ratio for increasing lime and dolomite and addition calcirm-fluoride slugging appropriate during refining
Content.
Intermediate frequency furnace is used for smelting ferrochrome and ferro-molybdenum, and intermediate frequency furnace mother liquor composition forms as follows according to weight percent：P ＜
0.02%；Cr:20~30%, Mo:1~3%；Surplus is Fe；Tapping temperature is 1550~1630 DEG C.
（2）, Consteel electric furnaces mother liquor and intermediate frequency furnace mother liquor blend to AOD furnace and smelted, the weight of oxidation stage carbon
Degree control carries out reduction and desulfurization below 0.005%.The weight percent content control of AOD furnace desulfurization phase sulphur exists
0.001% hereinafter, desulfurization latter stage addition aluminium block progress deoxidation, prevents carburetting phosphorization, other compositions control from can be tapped in place to LF
Stove, tapping temperature are controlled at 1460-1500 DEG C.
（3）, LF stoves carry out temperature component fine tuning, it is weak blow, feed silk, feed SiCa line 300m, B line 20-25m, final LF stoves iron
Water forms as follows according to weight percent：Cr：14.2 %, Ni：16.8%, Si：5.9%, C：0.02%, Mn：1.2%, Al:0.15%,
N:0.05%, P:0.025%, S:0.01%, Mo：0.9%, Cu：1.1%, W：0.6%, Sn:0.7%, Sb:0.005%, other are micro
Element 0.007%, surplus Fe；LF stoves molten iron is sent to casting machine by bull ladle, and the control of bull ladle temperature is at 1380-1400 DEG C, first packet
Bull ladle temperature can be controlled by the upper limit, and secondary packet bull ladle temperature can be controlled by lower limit；
（4）, with electroslag refining furnace carry out electroslag remelting after casting；It is good according to Surface Quality of Steel Billet after remelting；
It is rolled for remelting base, start rolling temperature is 1136 DEG C, and finishing temperature is higher than 900 DEG C, rolls into different size
Coiled sheet, sample detection find that there is good processing performance and good welding performance, mechanical property etc. all to meet the requirements, corrode
Performance：90%-99.5% concentrated sulfuric acid corrosive nature average corrosion rates can reach 0.03mm/year or less.
Above-mentioned preparation method is as follows according to weight percent composition in final LF stoves molten iron by parameter adjustment：Cr：14.1
%, Ni：15.2%, Si：5.6%, C：0.026%, Mn：1.1%, Al：0.17%, N：0.051%, P:0.029%, S：0.015%,
Mo：0.92%, Cu：1.2%, W：0.56%, Sn：0.75%, Sb:0.015%, other trace elements 0.0062%, surplus Fe.
After electroslag remelting, 1138 DEG C of start rolling temperature rolls into the volume of 8mm specifications.
Described in this specification above content is only to structure of the invention example explanation；Moreover, this hair
The title that bright each section is taken can also be different, what all structure, feature and principles according to described in inventional idea of the present invention were done etc.
Effect or simple change, are included in the scope of protection of the invention patent.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of Resistance to Concentrated Sulfuric Acid Corrosion high-silicon austenite stainless steel, it is characterised in that：It is formed according to weight percent as follows：
Cr：13-15 %, Ni：13-17%, Si：5.5-6.5%, C：＜ 0.03%, Mn：＜ 2%, Al：≤ 0.30%, N：＜ 0.1%, P：＜
0.04%, S：＜ 0.02%, Mo：0.75-1.5%, Cu：0.75-1.5%, W：0.5-1%, Sn：0.5-1%, Sb≤0.15%, other are micro-
Secondary element：0.005-0.01%, surplus Fe.
2. Resistance to Concentrated Sulfuric Acid Corrosion high-silicon austenite stainless steel according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：According to weight hundred
Divide as follows than forming：Cr：14.2 %, Ni：16.8%, Si：5.9%, C：0.02%, Mn：1.2%, Al:0.15%, N:0.05%, P:
0.025%, S:0.01%, Mo：0.9%, Cu：1.1%, W：0.6%, Sn:0.7%, Sb:0.005%, other trace elements 0.007%,
Surplus is Fe.
3. Resistance to Concentrated Sulfuric Acid Corrosion high-silicon austenite stainless steel according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：According to weight hundred
Divide as follows than forming：Cr：14.1 %, Ni：15.2%, Si：5.6%, C：0.026%, Mn：1.1%, Al：0.17%, N：0.051%, P
:0.029%, S：0.015%, Mo：0.92%, Cu：1.2%, W：0.56%, Sn：0.75%, Sb:0.015%, other trace elements
0.0062%, surplus Fe.
4. Resistance to Concentrated Sulfuric Acid Corrosion high-silicon austenite stainless steel according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described other
Trace element is rare earth element.
5. Resistance to Concentrated Sulfuric Acid Corrosion high-silicon austenite stainless steel according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described is resistance to dense
The hot-working of sulfuric acid corrosion high-silicon austenite stainless steel is 1060- using the form of forging or rolling, wherein starting forging temperature
1080 DEG C, final forging temperature is more than 850 DEG C, and start rolling temperature is 1120-1140 DEG C, and finishing temperature is more than 900 DEG C.
6. Resistance to Concentrated Sulfuric Acid Corrosion high-silicon austenite stainless steel according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described is resistance to dense
Sulfuric acid corrosion is controlled with high-silicon austenite stainless steel solid solubility temperature within the scope of 1050-1150 DEG C.
7. a kind of preparation method of the Resistance to Concentrated Sulfuric Acid Corrosion high-silicon austenite stainless steel described in claim 2, it is characterised in that：
Steps are as follows：
（1）, Consteel electric furnaces and intermediate frequency furnace smelt high-silicon austenite stainless steel mother liquor together；
Consteel electric furnaces mother liquor composition forms as follows according to weight percent：C:0.13%； Si:0.01%；Cr：1.01%；Ni:
14.29%；P:0.008%；Surplus is Fe；Tapping temperature is controlled at 1560 DEG C；
Intermediate frequency furnace mother liquor composition forms as follows according to weight percent：P ＜ 0.02%；Cr:20~30%, Mo:1~3%；Surplus is
Fe；Tapping temperature is 1550~1630 DEG C；
（2）, Consteel electric furnaces mother liquor and intermediate frequency furnace mother liquor blend to AOD furnace and smelted, the weight percent of oxidation stage carbon
Reduction and desulfurization is carried out below 0.005% than content control；The weight percent content of AOD furnace desulfurization phase sulphur is controlled 0.001%
Hereinafter, desulfurization latter stage addition aluminium block carries out deoxidation, prevent carburetting phosphorization, other compositions control from can tap to LF stoves, going out in place
Steel temperature is controlled at 1460-1500 DEG C；
（3）, LF stoves carry out temperature component fine tuning, it is weak blow, feed silk, feed SiCa line 300m, B line 20-25m, final LF stoves molten iron is pressed
It is formed according to weight percent as follows：Cr：14.2 %, Ni：16.8%, Si：5.9%, C：0.02%, Mn：1.2%, Al:0.15%, N:
0.05%, P:0.025%, S:0.01%, Mo：0.9%, Cu：1.1%, W：0.6%, Sn:0.7%, Sb:0.005%, other micro members
Element 0.007%, surplus Fe；LF stoves molten iron is sent to casting machine by bull ladle, and bull ladle temperature is controlled at 1380-1400 DEG C, and first packet is hung
Packet temperature is controlled by the upper limit, and secondary packet bull ladle temperature is controlled by lower limit；
（4）, with electroslag refining furnace carry out electroslag remelting after casting；It is rolled for remelting base, start rolling temperature is 1136 DEG C, eventually
It rolls temperature and is higher than 900 DEG C, roll into the coiled sheet of different size.
8. preparation method according to claim 7, it is characterised in that：It is pre- to the raw material of Consteel electric furnace mother liquors before melting
Heat is to 550 DEG C.
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| CN107686926A (en) * | 2017-08-25 | 2018-02-13 | 苏州双金实业有限公司 | A kind of novel austenite stainless steel |
| EA202190631A1 (en) * | 2018-08-29 | 2021-06-09 | Кеметикс Инк. | AUSTENITIC STAINLESS ALLOY WITH EXCELLENT CORROSION RESISTANCE |
| CN112391566A (en) * | 2020-11-13 | 2021-02-23 | 杭州微熔科技有限公司 | Low-temperature micro-fusion welding anti-corrosion wear-resistant material and preparation method thereof |
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| CN103205655A (en) * | 2013-03-21 | 2013-07-17 | 宝钢不锈钢有限公司 | Sn-containing austenitic stainless steel and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN104313484A (en) * | 2014-11-07 | 2015-01-28 | 江苏天舜金属材料集团有限公司 | Steel for high-strength anti-shaking anti-corrosion reinforcing steel bar and thermal treatment process of steel |
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| CN1295139A (en) * | 1999-11-05 | 2001-05-16 | 日新制钢株式会社 | Titaniferous ultra high strength metastable austenitic stainless steel and its manufacture |
| CN103205655A (en) * | 2013-03-21 | 2013-07-17 | 宝钢不锈钢有限公司 | Sn-containing austenitic stainless steel and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN104313484A (en) * | 2014-11-07 | 2015-01-28 | 江苏天舜金属材料集团有限公司 | Steel for high-strength anti-shaking anti-corrosion reinforcing steel bar and thermal treatment process of steel |
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