CN112391566A - Low-temperature micro-fusion welding anti-corrosion wear-resistant material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Low-temperature micro-fusion welding anti-corrosion wear-resistant material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000011265 semifinished product Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
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- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000161 steel melt Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 claims description 45
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005488 sandblasting Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 abstract description 16
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
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- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
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- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 4
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- 238000004056 waste incineration Methods 0.000 description 4
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfurous acid Chemical compound OS(O)=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe](Cl)Cl RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 3
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- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C27/00—Alloys based on rhenium or a refractory metal not mentioned in groups C22C14/00 or C22C16/00
- C22C27/06—Alloys based on chromium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/56—Manufacture of steel by other methods
- C21C5/562—Manufacture of steel by other methods starting from scrap
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/0006—Adding metallic additives
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C30/00—Coating with metallic material characterised only by the composition of the metallic material, i.e. not characterised by the coating process
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Abstract
The low temperature micro-welding anticorrosive wear-resistant material includes Ni, Cr, Fe, C, Ce, La, Ti, P, S, B, Cu and Sb. A preparation method of a low-temperature micro-fusion welding anti-corrosion wear-resistant material comprises the following steps: pretreating scrap steel; smelting the mixed rare earth powder into the scrap steel melt, and adding iron powder to prepare a steel semi-finished product; and (3) coating a film on the surface of the steel. The preparation method of the low-temperature micro-fusion welding anticorrosive wear-resistant material can be used for preparing low-temperature micro-fusion welding anticorrosive wear-resistant materials for preparing easily worn and corroded parts such as a shock wave soot blower in a waste incinerator, and a coating film is added on the surface of steel by optimizing the proportion of rare earth elements in the materials, so that the material is anticorrosive and wear-resistant, the anticorrosive and wear-resistant performance of the material is improved, and the service life is prolonged.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of environment-friendly equipment materials, in particular to a low-temperature micro-fusion welding anti-corrosion wear-resistant material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
With the increasing requirements of the country on the environmental protection in various fields, the competition of the waste incineration project is intensified day by day, but in order to complete the waste incineration treatment at a lower cost, the heat efficiency of the waste incineration boiler must be effectively improved, and the common way is to arrange a shock wave soot blower in the waste incineration boiler.
The shock wave soot blower is a new generation of soot removing technology with advanced performance, and uses a combustion gas pulse device to remove soot on the heating surface of a heating furnace. The principle is that fuel gas is combusted in a specially designed combustion chamber, and a nozzle on an output pipe emits shock waves, so that ash deposits on a heated surface fall off under the action of the shock waves. The fuel gas and the air are uniformly mixed after passing through the respective flow measuring and controlling systems, and then are sent into the combustion chamber for combustion.
After the shock wave soot blower is put into use, the initial operation effect is good, and the faults are few. After a period of time, the shock wave generating tank and the flame guide pipe form a semi-closed space, the internal flue gas is cooled when the shock wave is stopped, the flue gas with higher temperature in the furnace reversely enters the space, all sulfur trioxide is vaporized with water to synthesize sulfuric acid steam to be condensed when meeting the cold, the concentration of the accumulated condensed sulfuric acid is far higher than that of the sulfuric acid steam, so that the flame guide pipe and the furnace inlet elbow at the lower part of the shock wave generating tank are corroded and thinned to be damaged, the fuel gas explodes at the damaged part, the dust removal effect is not obvious, and the safety is also reduced. Generally, the garbage furnace with the shock wave soot blowing is used for 3 months to 1 year according to different working conditions, and then the garbage furnace needs to be shut down for replacement. Therefore, the inventors have invented a new material to solve the problem.
In order to solve the problems, the application provides a low-temperature micro-fusion welding anti-corrosion wear-resistant material and a preparation method thereof.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a low-temperature micro-fusion welding corrosion-resistant wear-resistant material and a preparation method thereof, which solve the problems of corrosion and abrasion in the operation process of components which are easy to wear and corrode, such as a shock wave soot blower and the like in a waste incinerator in the related technology.
According to one aspect of the invention, the low-temperature micro-fusion welding corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant material comprises Ni, Cr, Fe, C, Ce, La, Ti, P, S, B, Cu and Sb; wherein the mass percent of each component is as follows: 60-80% of Cr, 4-8% of Fe, 0.15-0.20% of C, 0.04-0.10% of Ce, 0.01-0.05% of La, 0.02-0.08% of Ti, 0.05-0.10% of P, 0.05-0.10% of S, 0.15-0.20% of B, 0.15-0.20% of Cu, 0.15-0.20% of Sb and the balance of other inevitable impurities.
Furthermore, the HRC of the low-temperature micro-fusion welding anticorrosive wear-resistant material is more than or equal to 50.
Further, the pitting corrosion resistance index PRE of the low-temperature micro-welding corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant material is 43-52.
According to another aspect of the invention, a preparation method of the low-temperature micro-welding corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant material is provided, which comprises the following steps:
pretreating scrap steel;
smelting the mixed rare earth powder into the scrap steel melt, and adding iron powder to prepare a steel semi-finished product;
and (3) coating a film on the surface of the steel.
Furthermore, the scrap steel is subjected to material breaking, sand blasting to remove oxide skin and high-temperature melting.
Further, the mixed rare earth powder is Ce and La mixed rare earth, wherein the content of the total rare earth is 98%, the content of Ce is 45-63%, and the content of La is 20-35%.
Further, the smelting condition is to obtain a semi-finished product of steel after smelting, forging and heat treatment in a 100kg vacuum induction furnace.
Furthermore, the coating film on the surface of the steel semi-finished product comprises 0.15-0.20% of Cu, 0.15-0.20% of Sb and 0.15-0.20% of Cr.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the preparation method of the low-temperature micro-fusion welding anticorrosion wear-resistant material can be used for preparing low-temperature micro-fusion welding anticorrosion wear-resistant materials for preparing parts which are easy to wear and corrode, such as a shock wave soot blower in a waste incinerator, and the like.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for preparing the low-temperature micro-welding corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant material according to the invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
In a first specific embodiment, the low-temperature micro-fusion welding corrosion-resistant wear-resistant material comprises Ni, Cr, Fe, C, Ce, La, Ti, P, S and B, and further comprises Cu, Sb and Cr; wherein the mass percent of each component is as follows: 60% of Cr, 4% of Fe, 0.15% of C, 0.04% of Ce, 0.01% of La, 0.02% of Ti, 0.05% of P, 0.05% of S, 0.15% of B, 0.15% of Cu, 0.15% of Sb and the balance of other inevitable impurities.
In the embodiment, the HRC of the low-temperature micro-welding corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant material is more than 50 by adopting a portable hardness tester for measurement.
In the embodiment, by using a detection method in GB/T17897-2016 metal and alloy corrosion stainless steel ferric trichloride pitting corrosion test method, the pitting corrosion resistance index PRE of the low-temperature micro-fusion welding corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant material is 43.
In a first specific embodiment, the low-temperature micro-fusion welding corrosion-resistant wear-resistant material comprises Ni, Cr, Fe, C, Ce, La, Ti, P, S and B, and further comprises Cu, Sb and Cr; wherein the mass percent of each component is as follows: 70% of Cr, 6% of Fe, 0.18% of C, 0.06% of Ce, 0.04% of La, 0.06% of Ti, 0.07% of P, 0.08% of S, 0.17% of B, 0.17% of Cu, 0.18% of Sb and the balance of other inevitable impurities.
In the embodiment, the HRC of the low-temperature micro-welding corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant material is more than 50 by adopting a portable hardness tester for measurement.
In the embodiment, by using a detection method in GB/T17897-2016 metal and alloy corrosion stainless steel ferric trichloride pitting corrosion test method, the pitting corrosion resistance index PRE of the low-temperature micro-fusion welding corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant material is 48.
In a third specific embodiment, the low-temperature micro-fusion welding corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant material comprises Ni, Cr, Fe, C, Ce, La, Ti, P, S and B, and further comprises Cu, Sb and Cr; wherein the mass percent of each component is as follows: cr-80%, Fe 8%, C0.20%, Ce 0.10%, La 0.05%, Ti 0.08%, P0.10%, S0.10%, B0.20%, Cu 0.20%, Sb 0.20%, and the balance other unavoidable impurities.
In the embodiment, the HRC of the low-temperature micro-welding corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant material is more than 50 by adopting a portable hardness tester for measurement.
In the embodiment, by using a detection method in GB/T17897-2016 metal and alloy corrosion stainless steel ferric trichloride pitting corrosion test method, the pitting corrosion resistance index PRE of the low-temperature micro-fusion welding corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant material is 52.
In a fourth specific embodiment, the preparation method of the low-temperature micro-fusion welding anticorrosion wear-resistant material in the three embodiments includes the following steps:
first, steel scrap is pretreated.
In the step, the scale cinder of the scrap steel is removed through material breaking and sand blasting, and high-temperature melting is carried out.
The method comprises the following steps of firstly removing oxide skins on the surface of the steel scrap through material breaking and sand blasting, then preheating the steel scrap, supplying fuel into a converter from an upper burner or a bottom burner in the converter to preheat the steel scrap, or arranging a preheating zone on the upper part of the converter to preheat the steel scrap by utilizing high-temperature flue gas escaping from a converter mouth, or simultaneously preheating in two modes, wherein the melting proportion of the steel scrap can reach 80-90%.
Secondly, the mixed rare earth powder is smelted in the scrap steel melt to prepare a semi-finished product of steel. And adding a proper amount of iron powder to improve the Fe component in the mixture.
In the step, the mixed rare earth powder is Ce and La mixed rare earth, wherein the content of the total rare earth is 98 percent, the content of Ce is 45-63 percent, and the content of La is 20-35 percent. The smelting condition is to obtain a semi-finished product of steel after smelting, forging and heat treatment in a 100kg vacuum induction furnace. The iron powder is industrial iron powder, and the addition amount of the iron powder is 2-6% of the total amount of the mixture.
And finally, coating a film on the surface of the semi-finished steel product.
In the step, the coating components on the surface of the steel are 0.15-0.20% of Cu, 0.15-0.20% of Sb and 0.15-0.20% of Cr.
Wherein, the principle of Cu, Sb and Cr coating passivation and corrosion prevention is as follows:
in the shock wave soot blower, a shock wave generating tank and a flame guide pipe form a semi-closed space, internal flue gas is cooled in a shock wave stopping state, the flue gas with higher temperature in the furnace reversely enters the semi-closed space in series, all sulfur trioxide is vaporized with water to synthesize sulfuric acid steam to be condensed after being cooled, and the concentration of the accumulated condensed sulfuric acid is far higher than that of the sulfuric acid steam. When the temperature of the metal wall is high and is slightly lower than the dew point, the amount of acid condensed on the wall is small, so that the corrosion rate is slow, and when the temperature of the wall is reduced, the amount of condensed acid is increased. The corrosion speed is accelerated, and the corrosion is fastest when the temperature is 20-45 ℃ lower than the dew point. As the wall temperature further decreases, the corrosion rate slows and the amount of condensed acid is no longer a determining factor; SO2 dissolves in water to form H2SO3, which is further oxidized to H2SO4 to accelerate the corrosion rate. The chemical reaction formula is as follows:
S+O2→SO2
SO2+H2O→H2SO3
H2SO3+H2O→H2SO4
therefore, in this embodiment, trace elements Cu and Sb are added to the steel material to cooperate with an appropriate amount of Cr, and a vacuum coating process is employed to form an alloy layer rich in Cu and Sb on the surface of the steel material. When the finished steel product is in the sulfuric acid dew point condition, a thin and compact passivation film containing Cu, Sb and Cr is easily formed on the surface of the finished steel product, the passivation film is a reactant corroded by sulfuric acid, and the finished steel product completely enters a passivation area along with the accumulation of reaction products.
Except for forming a passivation film for corrosion prevention, Sb and Cu have the following specific principles:
sb is often continuously enriched in steel as a harmful element, and seriously affects the quality of steel. In the embodiment, Sb is an effective element for improving corrosion resistance, and is enriched in the surface layer of the steel semi-finished product in a synergistic manner through the compound addition of Sb and Cr, and a compact oxide film which is higher than a matrix by several times and rich in elements such as Sb, Cr and the like is formed, so that the transmission of corrosive ions is obviously hindered, and the corrosion environment with coexistence of sulfate radicals and chloride ions is more resistant. In order to ensure the desired corrosion resistance, it is necessary to exert the effect of both elements. Meanwhile, Ti and Sb attract each other, and when Ti is deviated to a grain boundary, Sb is dragged to the grain boundary, so that Sb is separated out in the form of fine second-phase particles instead of inclusions, and the particle size is 10-30 nm, so that the strength of the steel plate is improved. Sb has an effect on resistance to sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, and acid corrosion containing chloride.
Cu is an essential element for improving the corrosion resistance of the steel plate, a compact sulfide film is formed on the surface of the steel plate, the uniform corrosion resistance and the local corrosion resistance of the steel plate can be improved, and the Cu content is higher than 0.2% in order to achieve the corrosion resistance protection effect. However, if the Cu content exceeds 0.5%, hot workability and weldability of the steel deteriorate.
The preparation method of the low-temperature micro-fusion welding anticorrosion wear-resistant material can be used for preparing low-temperature micro-fusion welding anticorrosion wear-resistant materials for preparing parts which are easy to wear and corrode, such as a shock wave soot blower in a waste incinerator, and the like.
Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes may be made in the embodiments and/or equivalents thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The low-temperature micro-fusion welding corrosion-resistant wear-resistant material is characterized in that: comprises Ni, Cr, Fe, C, Ce, La, Ti, P, S, B, Cu and Sb; wherein the mass percent of each component is as follows: 60-80% of Cr, 4-8% of Fe, 0.15-0.20% of C, 0.04-0.10% of Ce, 0.01-0.05% of La, 0.02-0.08% of Ti, 0.05-0.10% of P, 0.05-0.10% of S, 0.15-0.20% of B, 0.15-0.20% of Cu, 0.15-0.20% of Sb and the balance of other inevitable impurities.
2. The low-temperature micro-fusion welding corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant material as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the HRC of the low-temperature micro-fusion welding anticorrosive wear-resistant material is more than or equal to 50.
3. The corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant material for low-temperature micro-fusion welding according to claim 2, wherein: the pitting resistance index PRE of the low-temperature micro-fusion welding anticorrosion wear-resistant material is 43-52.
4. A preparation method of a low-temperature micro-fusion welding anti-corrosion wear-resistant material is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
pretreating scrap steel;
smelting the mixed rare earth powder into the scrap steel melt, and adding iron powder to prepare a steel semi-finished product;
and (3) coating a film on the surface of the steel.
5. The method for preparing the corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant material by micro-fusion welding at low temperature according to claim 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and removing oxide skin of the scrap steel through material breaking and sand blasting, and melting at high temperature.
6. The method for preparing the corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant material by micro-fusion welding at low temperature according to claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the mixed rare earth powder is Ce and La mixed rare earth, wherein the content of the total rare earth is 98 percent, the content of Ce is 45-63 percent, and the content of La is 20-35 percent.
7. The method for preparing the corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant material by micro-fusion welding at low temperature according to claim 6, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the smelting condition is to obtain a semi-finished product of steel after smelting, forging and heat treatment in a 100kg vacuum induction furnace.
8. The method for preparing the corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant material by micro-fusion welding at low temperature according to claim 7, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the coating film on the surface of the steel semi-finished product comprises 0.15-0.20% of Cu, 0.15-0.20% of Sb and 0.15-0.20% of Cr.
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