Background technology
Welding wire is a kind of as when welding filler metal or simultaneously as the welded wire material of conduction usefulness.When gas welding and shielded arc welding of tungsten electrode gas, welding wire is as filler metal; When union-melt weld, electroslag welding and other melting pole gas shielded arc weldings, welding wire is a filler metal, also is conductive electrode simultaneously.Welding wire can be divided into 3 classes: first kind is rolling welding wire, comprises carbon steel welding wire, structural low welding wire, structural alloy steel welding wire, stainless steel welding stick and non-ferrous metal welding wire etc.; Second kind is the casting welding wire; The third is a flux-cored wire.
Chinese patent application CN94101322.7 discloses a kind of specially thin welding wire for carbon dioxide gas protected welding, and it contains lower Mn, Si, so good-toughness be fit to drawing, but intensity is difficult to reach technical requirements; Chinese patent application CN01128326.2, CN01133651.X, CN02119591.9, CN00114334.4, CN01106520.6 relate to the steel alloy welding wire of trace alloying elements such as adding titanium, boron, the technical purpose that wherein adds Ti is that Ti content can reach the best promotion of acquisition and the technique effect of refinement acicular ferrite in the assurance weld seam, and the technical purpose that adds B is to suppress the transformation of proeutectoid ferrite, reduction transition temperature, thinning microstructure and solution strengthening to improve intensity; CN00110787.9 belongs to Clean Steel series, and it limits residual element such as S, P, Sn, As, but its obdurability is bad; Added Cu among the CN0410025569.X, its technical purpose is to improve corrosion resistance nature.
As seen from the above analysis, existing welding wire and structure iron thereof still have the following disadvantages:
(1) obdurability is bad;
(2) adopt microalloyings such as Ti, B to improve obdurability, but the actual welding performance is bad;
(3) patent does not limit deleterious residual element mostly, and clarity is bad.
Summary of the invention
At the problems referred to above, the invention provides a kind of high clarity (low harmful element content, suboxide be mingled with), be easy to drawing, and can make weld seam obtain the welding wire and the welding wire structural alloy steel thereof of the obdurability that matches with mother metal.
According to welding wire structural alloy steel of the present invention, the mass percent of its chemical ingredients is: C:0.08~0.13; Mn:1.20~1.70; Si:0.65~0.90; Cr :≤0.10; Al :≤0.015; Mo :≤0.10; Ni:1.30~1.50; V :≤0.02; S≤0.008; Cu :≤0.10; P :≤0.012; B :≤0.005; Ti :≤0.020; N:0.0040~0.0150; O :≤0.0015; As :≤0.015; Sn :≤0.013; Sb :≤0.015; Ca :≤0.0004; Surplus is Fe and unavoidable impurities.
Welding wire of the present invention is as follows with each main chemical compositions element effect in steel of structural alloy steel:
C:0.08%~0.13%; C is the principal element that improves hardness of steel, guarantees that certain intensity must have certain carbon content.C is controlled between 0.08%~0.13%, can guarantee to obtain enough intensity, guarantees that simultaneously steel has good obdurability.
Mn:1.20%~1.70%; Mn also can reduce the austenite-ferrite transformation temperature simultaneously as the solution strengthening element, can improve the hardening capacity of steel effectively.But manganese has the shortcoming that promotes the austenitizing grain growth in steel, therefore in order to guarantee that Mn can bring into play good effect in the present invention its content is controlled at 1.20%~1.70%.
Si:0.65%~0.90%; Si can significantly improve ferritic intensity, changes the form of separating out, quantity and the size of carbide in the drawing process, improves the temper resistance of steel, promotes precipitation strength indirectly.Si has detrimentally affect to the plasticity and the toughness of steel to a certain extent, but silicon can promote the reallocation of carbon in the phase transition process, improves the stability of residual austenite, thereby improves toughness.Silicone content is controlled at 0.65%~0.90%, can improve toughness in solution strengthening.
Ni:1.30%~1.50%; Ni can form and stable austenite, can significantly improve the toughness of steel, and steel of the present invention is controlled at 1.30%~1.50% with the mass percent of Ni, is preferably 1.35%~1.45%.
N:0.0040%~0.0150%; N can enlarge and stable austenite, thereby improves the obdurability of steel.Contain manganese in the steel more for a long time, can significantly improve the solubleness of nitrogen, and can utilize nitrogen alloying to replace the more expensive nickel of price.The mass percent of nitrogen is 0.0040%~0.0150% among the present invention, is preferably 0.0120%~0.0150%.
Molybdenum, chromium, vanadium, aluminium, copper, titanium, boron, sulphur, phosphorus, arsenic, tin, antimony, oxygen, calcium: these elements all are used as the impurity element in the steel, must be controlled under certain content.Wherein:
Preferably, the mass percent of Ti is 0.010%~0.020%.
Control aluminium element≤0.015%, oxygen≤15ppm help the controlled oxidation thing and are mingled with;
Control titanium, boron content help improving welding property;
When steel crystallization and heating, impurity elements such as sulphur, phosphorus, copper, arsenic, tin, antimony have considerable influence easily at grain boundary segregation to the steel grade total quality, particularly influence the toughness of steel;
Molybdenum, chromium, v element content generally add as alloying element, as residual element control, should reduce its content as far as possible under technical qualification permission situation in the present invention.
Control calcium constituent≤0.0004% helps improving the matrix continuity of steel, calcium constituent forms the nodule of plasticity easily, destroy the matrix continuity of steel easily, should under technical qualification, reduce as far as possible, when liquid steel refining, ban use of the calcium deoxidation, should strengthen CONTROLLING BAD ELEMENT IN and detections such as titanium in the raw and auxiliary material, calcium, boron, sulphur, phosphorus, copper, arsenic, tin, antimony simultaneously.
According to another aspect of the present invention, the present invention also provides the manufacture method of a kind of above-mentioned welding wire with structural alloy steel, and it adopts the three-steps process flow process: the first step: electric arc furnace smelting-ladle furnace vacuum refinement; Second step: cast; The 3rd step: be rolled into wire rod.The welding wire of the present invention manufacture method of structural alloy steel may further comprise the steps:
A. electric arc furnace smelting, the condition of wherein tapping: [C] 〉=0.04%; [P]≤0.006%; Tapping temperature: 1620~1660 ℃;
B. ladle refining wherein adopts Si to carry out bulk deoxidation, adopts SiFe powder and C powder to carry out top of the slag deoxidation, keeps 15~40min in the vacuum outgas under vacuum tightness≤66.7Pa;
C. cast;
D. rolling, adopt rolling mill hot-work rolling method, earlier steel billet is heated, wherein soaking temperature is 1070~1200 ℃, and soaking time is 100~160min, and tapping temperature is 1050~1180 ℃, be rolled then, wherein the inlet temperature of milling train is controlled at 780~850 ℃;
E. online slow cooling is adopted in cooling, and speed of cooling is 40~80 ℃/h.
Preferably, the speed of cooling among the described step e is 40~65 ℃/h.
The present invention also provides a kind of and adopts above-mentioned welding wire with structural alloy steel and the wire rod or the welding wire that adopt the aforesaid method step to make.
The present invention has following beneficial effect:
1. structure iron according to the present invention has high clarity: inclusion rank low (detect and can satisfy according to GB/T1056: sulfide A≤1.5, oxide compound B≤1.5, silicate C≤1, indeformable inclusion D≤1); Gas content (oxygen≤15ppm, hydrogen≤1.5ppm).
2. structure iron according to the present invention has good drawing property, and Φ 5.5mm can be drawn to 0.5~1.5mm.
3. structure iron according to the present invention has good obdurability, and longitudinal stretching tensile strength is 760~890Mpa, relative reduction in area Z 〉=44%.
4, structure iron according to the present invention obtains perlite+ferritic tissue through implementing to carry out slow cooling after controlled rolling and the cooling, and the hardness of hot rolling wire is at≤85HRB (employing Rockwell hardness test).
Structure iron of the present invention mainly is used for the welding and the follow-up long maintenance of overcritical and ultra supercritical container in industries such as boiler, power station, pressurized vessel, can also be applied to the boiler industry of waste incineration etc.
Embodiment
Table 1 shows the mass percent of welding wire of the present invention with the chemical ingredients of the different embodiment of structural alloy steel;
Table 2 shows processing parameter and the mechanical property thereof of welding wire of the present invention with the specific embodiment of the different embodiment of structural alloy steel.
Describe the manufacture method of welding wire of the present invention below in detail with structural alloy steel.
The first step, electric arc furnace smelting-ladle refining
(1) electric arc furnace smelting
Adopt the pure steel scrap of high-quality, the EBT tap hole must be intact, and is smooth and easy with the steel stream of guaranteeing to tap.Melting period shifts to an earlier date slag making, avoids molten steel to inhale nitrogen from atmosphere.Oxidising process will be guaranteed certain decarburized amount and decarbonization rate, removes gas and is mingled with, and reduces phosphorus to greatest extent, and has made foamy slag with an amount of carbon ball.Tapping condition [C] 〉=0.04%; [P]≤0.006%, the P content in this tapping condition and the finished product chemical ingredients has direct relation, and the removal of P can only be carried out in electric arc furnace (oxidizing atmosphere), and the P content of later process (reducing atmosphere) only may increase and can not reduce.Tapping temperature: 1620~1660 ℃.The EBT tapping is adopted and is stayed steel to stay slag operation, stays steel 10% in the stove, prevents that oxidation sludge from entering ladle.
(2) ladle refining
Refining process adopts the silicon bulk deoxidation, adopts SiFe powder and C granulated slag emaciated face oxygen, guarantees that the good and slag look of slag fluidity bleaches.Enter vacuum outgas predetermination oxygen at ladle, add silicon metal according to the oxygen activity situation, add-on by limit in silicone content requirements in the finished product with addition of, and in conjunction with deciding oxygen value, the judgement deoxidation effect determines whether to carry out the adjustment of silicon metal consumption again.Temperature is heated to desired value according to the steel grade situation before advancing vacuum outgas, must guarantee vacuum process cooling, soft blow argon process cooling amount and casting process cooling, no longer repeats heating after the vacuum.Vacuum process is more than 15~40min of following hold-time of vacuum tightness≤66.7pa.
Second step: cast
Adopt die casting or continuous casting process cast molten steel by prior art.
The 3rd step: rolling
Adopt rolling mill hot-work rolling method, earlier qualified blank surface is cleared up, be heated again, be rolling to the finished product wire rod then.Wherein, the steel Heating temperature is 1070~1200 ℃, soaking time 100~160min, 1050~1180 ℃ of tapping temperatures.After the steel billet of homogeneous heating is come out of the stove, normally open the high pressure descaling machine, milling train inlet temperature (KOCKS subtracts fixed diameter rolling unit inlet temperature): 780~850 ℃.
Roll into online slow cooling behind the wire rod, 40~80 ℃/h of speed of cooling must not dry.
According to the concrete composition design of different embodiment listed in the table 2, the concrete processing parameter of listed different embodiment can obtain welding wire structural alloy steel of the present invention in the associative list 3.As shown in table 3 again, structure iron of the present invention has good obdurability, and longitudinal stretching tensile strength is 760~890Mpa, relative reduction in area Z 〉=44%.Through implementing to carry out slow cooling after controlled rolling and the cooling, obtain perlite+ferritic tissue, the hardness of hot rolling wire is about≤85HRB.Also have good drawing property ability according to structure iron of the present invention, Φ 5.5mm can be drawn to 0.5~1.5mm.In addition, detect according to GB/T 1056, structure iron of the present invention has high clarity: sulfide A≤1.5, oxide compound B≤1.5, silicate C≤1, indeformable inclusion D≤1, gas content: oxygen≤15ppm, hydrogen≤1.5ppm.
Structure iron of the present invention mainly is used for the welding and the follow-up long maintenance of overcritical and ultra supercritical container in industries such as boiler, power station, pressurized vessel, can also be applied to the boiler industry of waste incineration etc.
The processing parameter of table 2 specific embodiment and mechanical property thereof
Embodiment |
Soaking temperature, ℃ |
Heat-up time, min |
Tapping temperature, ℃ |
Inlet temperature, ℃ |
Speed of cooling, ℃/h |
Rm, MPa |
Z, % |
1 |
1080 |
110 |
1080 |
800 |
80 |
890 |
49 |
2 |
1090 |
150 |
1095 |
820 |
75 |
790 |
44 |
3 |
1150 |
140 |
1110 |
780 |
40 |
760 |
46 |
4 |
1090 |
120 |
1150 |
790 |
45 |
770 |
45.5 |
5 |
1180 |
130 |
1180 |
835 |
50 |
820 |
47 |
6 |
1200 |
160 |
1050 |
805 |
55 |
880 |
46.5 |
7 |
1070 |
100 |
1070 |
850 |
65 |
860 |
45 |