CN106748526A - Slow-release phosphate fertilizer containing humic acid metal-phosphate complex and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Slow-release phosphate fertilizer containing humic acid metal-phosphate complex and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN106748526A CN106748526A CN201710028431.2A CN201710028431A CN106748526A CN 106748526 A CN106748526 A CN 106748526A CN 201710028431 A CN201710028431 A CN 201710028431A CN 106748526 A CN106748526 A CN 106748526A
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- humic acid
- phosphate
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- phosphate fertilizer
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
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Abstract
A kind of slow-release phosphate fertilizer containing humic acid metal-phosphate complex of the present invention and preparation method thereof, is related to fertilizer production technology.Preparation method of the invention is comprised the following steps：Step one, humic acid fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer are pressed into quality proportioning (60 90)：(5 25) it is well mixed, then by humic acid and 2 5% addition metallic solutions of phosphate fertilizer gross mass；Step 2, the humic acid fertilizer prepared in the step one, phosphate fertilizer and metallic solution are sufficiently mixed uniformly, and periodically moisturizing.The present invention adds appropriate metallic solution when humic acid is mixed into administration with phosphate fertilizer, obtained humic acid slow-release phosphate fertilizer has also reached phosphorus element sustained release, improved the purpose of phosphate fertilizer utilization efficiency and biological effectiveness while improving soil physico-chemical property, increasing fertilizer efficiency.
Description
Technical field
It is the present invention relates to technical field of fertilizer production more particularly to a kind of containing humic acid-metal-phosphate compound
Slow-release phosphate fertilizer and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Phosphorus is one of nutrient necessary to plant growth, is mainly carried by applying inorganic phosphorus fertilizer in agricultural production
Soil phosphorus content is risen to meet crop demand, in recent years, the input of China's phosphate fertilizer is almost presented straight line and increases, and grain yield
Fluctuate, a major reason for this phenomenon occur is low phosphate fertilizer utilization efficiency；Ground phosphate rock is the main of production inorganic phosphorus fertilizer
Raw material, and 80% reserves have been produced on earth, therefore, how to improve the utilization ratio of phosphate fertilizer and develop New-type long-acting phosphorus
Fertilizer is always the emphasis of research in agricultural production.
Although free inorganic phosphate is the principal mode that plant and microbial assimilation absorb phosphorus, but in fertilizer simultaneously
Nonactive phosphorus content is The more the better, and because crop is limited to the absorbability of phosphorus, excessive active phosphorus are manured into soil and often exceed
Crop causes Rapid Accumulation in the soil phosphorus supply amount short time that hypersaturated state is presented for crop the obtained the maximum absorption of phosphorus, draws
Play the accumulation of Soil Phosphorus hydrochlorate, and insoluble phosphorus can be formed with the metallic element fast reaction such as calcium, iron, aluminium that dissociates in soil
Hydrochlorate and it is fixed by chemistry, reduce the utilization ratio of phosphorus, huge loss is caused, equivalent in pouring soil into vain；Meanwhile,
Excessive active phosphorus can increase rainwash and cause the possibility of phosphorus loss and the risk of body eutrophication, final severe contamination ring
Border.
Humic acid has various active functional group and larger surface area, is also the organic substance with colloidal nature, can
To improve soil texture, promote absorption of the crops to phosphorus, and humic acid is larger in ecosystem reserves, is widely present in soil
Earth, river silt, marine sediment, weathered coal, organic castoff compost etc..In conventional research application, humic acid is frequently as fertilizer
Material is added directly to the metals such as soil, iron, aluminium in complexing soil, reduces free active iron ion and aluminum ions concentration,
The chemistry for reducing Soil Phosphorus hydrochlorate is fixed, to promote migration of the phosphorus element in soil, but, for the universal phosphate fertilizer in domestic farmland
Sowing amount should control free phosphatic amount in phosphate fertilizer, as far as possible to excessive in phosphate fertilizer more than this present situation of crop this season demand
Phosphate carry out biochemistry stabilization, that is, change into and stablize relatively but the P form that can slowly discharge, be possible to avoid phosphorus
The loss of element, it is ensured that the long-acting utilization rate of phosphorus.
It is also in itself a class organic matter due to humic acid, the relatively simple humic acid material of structure, such as fulvic acid can
Utilization is slowly decomposed by microorganism, in addition, after humic acid complexing metal, the complex often still possesses complexing power, Er Qieyin
Humic acid part group provide electronic capability it is limited, though metal is combined with humic acid still can positively charged, continue attraction anion, such as
Free phosphorus hydrochlorate, therefore humic acid, metal and phosphate can occur coadsorption or form humic acid-gold using metal bridge
Category-phosphate complex, but showed to phosphatic knot due to participating in each component content deficiency of this reaction in soil
Close weaker.
The content of the invention
The invention provides a kind of slow-release phosphate fertilizer containing humic acid-metal-phosphate compound and preparation method thereof, with
Solve the problems, such as that the slow release effect of phosphate fertilizer in the prior art is not good low with utilization rate.
To achieve the above object, technical scheme is implemented as follows：One kind is multiple containing humic acid-metal-phosphate
The preparation method of the slow-release phosphate fertilizer of compound, comprises the following steps：Step one, humic acid fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer are pressed into quality proportioning (60-
90)：(5-25) is well mixed, then adds metallic solution by the 2-5% of humic acid and phosphate fertilizer gross mass；
Step 2, compost, and periodically moisturizing, keep the moisture content of mixture to be less than 7 for 50-70%, pH, at 30-40 DEG C
At a temperature of place a couple of days after obtain the slow-release phosphate fertilizer.
Further, the humic acid fertilizer is the biogas residue become thoroughly decomposed, the feces of livestock and poultry for becoming thoroughly decomposed, the agricultural waste material heap that becomes thoroughly decomposed
One or more of mixing in fertilizer product and humic acid extract solution.
Further, the phosphate fertilizer is Diammonium phosphate (DAP), double superhosphate, calcium superphosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, ground phosphate rock and height
One or more of mixing in phosphorus organic fertilizer.
Further, the metallic solution is the salting liquid or colloidal solution of aluminium or iron, metallic in the metallic solution
Amount is proportional to the content of humic acid carbon in the humic acid fertilizer, and every gram of humic acid carbon addition quality is the gold of 0.1~6mmol
Category.
Present invention additionally comprises a kind of sustained release containing humic acid-metal-phosphate compound prepared by the above method
Phosphate fertilizer.
The present invention has the advantages that：The present invention adds metallic solution by appropriate in humic acid fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer,
Make to form metal bridge between phosphate and humic acid in metal and phosphate fertilizer and produce the effect of eutectoid content, so that free state is lived
Property phosphorus is accumulated in humic acid-metal-phosphate compound by a large amount of, metastable, and the humic acid-metal-phosphate
Compound can slowly be decomposed by the microorganism in soil, reach slow release effect.Effectively prevent chemical phosphatic ferfilizer and high phosphorus is organic
Excess activity phosphorus applies the chemical fixed and pollution of area source problem of phosphorus element of generation in fertilizer, greatly improves the utilization rate and phosphate fertilizer of phosphate fertilizer
The biological stability of middle excess phosphoric acid salt.By the method for the present invention, addition appropriate gold when humic acid is mixed into administration with phosphate fertilizer
Category solution, obtained humic acid slow-release phosphate fertilizer has also reached phosphate fertilizer and has delayed while improving soil physico-chemical property, increasing fertilizer efficiency
Release, improve the purpose of phosphate fertilizer utilization efficiency and biological effectiveness.The method raw material sources that the present invention is provided are extensively, easy to operate.
Specific embodiment
The preparation method of specific embodiment one, slow-release phosphate fertilizer is as follows：
Step one, humic acid fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer are pressed into quality proportioning (60-90)：(5-25) is well mixed, then by humic acid and
The 2-5% addition metallic solutions of phosphate fertilizer gross mass；
Step 2, compost, keep the moisture content of mixture to be less than 7 for 50-70%, pH, are placed at a temperature of 30-40 DEG C
The slow-release phosphate fertilizer containing humic acid-metal-phosphate compound is obtained after a couple of days.
Be fixed together for free state active phosphorus and humic acid by the addition in above-mentioned steps two by metallic solution, forms one
Plant humic acid phosphorus --- the humic acid-metal-phosphate compound of neomorph.Contained according to humic acid phosphorus before and after contrast compost
Amount, it may be determined that substantial amounts of free state active phosphorus are accumulated in humic acid-metal-phosphate compound by metastable, category
In the biological fixation of phosphorus element.Humic acid-metal-phosphate compound can slowly be decomposed by the microorganism in soil, is released to
Free phosphorus hydrochlorate.
Humic acid phosphorus content first can obtain humic acid and contain further according to resolution method measure phosphorus according to soil humic acid extracting method
Amount is obtained.Humic acid extracting method is sodium pyrophosphate-NaOH extraction, and phosphorus yield method is phosphoric acid-perchloric acid oxidation
Colorimetric method.
Above-mentioned humic acid fertilizer be the biogas residue become thoroughly decomposed, the feces of livestock and poultry for becoming thoroughly decomposed, the agricultural waste material composting production that becomes thoroughly decomposed and
One or more of mixing in humic acid extract solution；Phosphate fertilizer be Diammonium phosphate (DAP), double superhosphate, calcium superphosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate,
One or more of mixing in ground phosphate rock and phosphorus organic fertilizer high；Metallic solution is the salting liquid or colloidal solution of aluminium or iron.
Above-mentioned metallic solution is the salting liquid or colloidal solution of aluminium or iron, and colloidal solution is by saturation is added dropwise in boiling water
What metal salt solution and continuous heating were formed.After extracted humic acid, total carbon content, tenor in the metallic solution of addition are determined
Content to humic acid carbon in humic acid fertilizer is proportional, and every gram of humic acid carbon addition quality is the metal (0.1- of 0.1~6mmol
6mmol Metal/g C)。
Present invention additionally comprises a kind of slow-release phosphate fertilizer prepared by the above method.
The effect in production practices of the invention is described further with reference to specific embodiment：
Embodiment 1
Slow-release phosphate fertilizer containing humic acid-metal-phosphate compound and preparation method thereof is as follows：
Step one, by the biogas residue compost for becoming thoroughly decomposed (humic acid carbon content be 7.1%), press quality proportioning 90 with Diammonium phosphate (DAP)：
10 are well mixed, then by humic acid and 3% addition aluminum sulfate solution of phosphate fertilizer gross mass, the quality of wherein aluminum sulfate is
0.4mmol(Al/g C)；
Step 2, compost, and periodically moisturizing, keep the moisture content of mixture to be less than 7 for 60%, pH, at 30~32 DEG C
At a temperature of place 10 days after obtain the slow-release phosphate fertilizer containing humic acid-metal-phosphate compound.
Experiment 1：
The biogas residue compost become thoroughly decomposed with the present embodiment identical is taken as humic acid fertilizer；Take and the present embodiment identical di(2-ethylhexyl)phosphate
Ammonium is used as phosphate fertilizer；And by 90：10 mass ratio mixes the biogas residue compost and Diammonium phosphate (DAP) that become thoroughly decomposed as " phosphate fertilizer+humic acid fertilizer ".
Same compost detects before and after compost free state active phosphorus phosphorus component and humic acid phosphorus component content in total phosphorus after 10 days, such as the institute of table 1
Show：
Table 1
As can be seen from the above table, substantially dropped after the free state active phosphorus component reaction such as addition aluminum sulfate solution group water-soluble phosphorus
Low, humic acid phosphorus content substantially increases, and is changed significantly compared with other three groups of control fertilizer, and humic acid phosphorus content significantly increases
Plus.
Experiment 2
Humic acid fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and " phosphate fertilizer+humic acid fertilizer " are pressed 1 with the slow-release phosphate fertilizer of embodiment 1 with soil (black earth):
1000 mixing, carry out column simulation Leaching Experiments, and in 25 degrees centigrades, leaching mode is discontinuous leaching to temperature control, often
Its leaching 1 hour, collected volume 500mL/ times, continuous leaching 20 days, free state active phosphorus component, humic acid phosphorus in detection soil
Component, content of humic acid and collection leaching liquor total phosphorus concentration, as a result as shown in table 2.
Table 2
As can be seen from the above table, humic acid phosphorus contains in phosphate fertilizer is formed with humic acid hybrid composting " phosphate fertilizer+humic acid fertilizer "
Amount is low, far away from slow-release phosphate fertilizer of the present invention.And, phosphate fertilizer can not be by soil with the humic acid phosphorus of formation in humic acid hybrid composting
In microorganism decompose recycle；And the humic acid phosphorus being made up of " humic acid-metal-phosphate " in slow-release phosphate fertilizer of the present invention is answered
Compound can it is slow by the microorganism in soil, decompose and utilize, reached the effect of sustained release.
The phosphorus content of slow-release phosphate fertilizer leaching loss is significantly lower than phosphate fertilizer and the mixing phosphohumate without metal, together
When slow-release phosphate fertilizer leaching after humic acid phosphorus content largely reduce, before and after comparing leaching, slow-release phosphate fertilizer significantly improves free state activity
The preservation of phosphorus, illustrates that the slow-release phosphate fertilizer can both reduce the loss of phosphorus element, can be sustained by humic acid phosphorus again and realize that phosphate fertilizer is long
Effect property, slow release effect is notable.
Embodiment 2
The preparation method of slow-release phosphate fertilizer is as follows：
Step one, by the biogas residue compost for becoming thoroughly decomposed and Diammonium phosphate (DAP) by quality proportioning 70：25 are well mixed, then by humic acid and
2% addition aluminum sulfate solution of phosphate fertilizer gross mass, the wherein quality of aluminum sulfate is 0.47mmol (Al/g C)；
Step 2, compost, and periodically moisturizing, keep the moisture content of mixture to be less than 7 for 50%, pH, at 35~40 DEG C
At a temperature of place 5 days after obtain the slow-release phosphate fertilizer containing humic acid-metal-phosphate compound.
Embodiment 3
The preparation method of slow-release phosphate fertilizer is as follows：
Step one, by the biogas residue compost for becoming thoroughly decomposed and Diammonium phosphate (DAP) by quality proportioning 80：5 are well mixed, then by humic acid and
The ferrum sulfuricum oxydatum solutum of 5% addition of phosphate fertilizer gross mass, the wherein quality of ferric sulfate are 6mmol (Fe/g C)；
Step 2, compost, and periodically moisturizing, keep the moisture content of mixture to be less than 7 for 70%, pH, at 32~35 DEG C
At a temperature of place 2 days after obtain the slow-release phosphate fertilizer containing humic acid-metal-phosphate compound.
The above is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit embodiment of the present invention, and this area is general
Logical technical staff's central scope of the invention and spirit, can very easily carry out corresponding flexible or modification, therefore originally
The protection domain of invention should be defined by the protection domain required by claims.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of slow-release phosphate fertilizer containing humic acid-metal-phosphate compound and preparation method thereof, it is characterised in that including
Following steps：
Step one, humic acid fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer are pressed into quality proportioning (60-90)：(5-25) is well mixed, then by humic acid and phosphate fertilizer
The 2-5% addition metallic solutions of gross mass；
Step 2, compost, and periodically moisturizing, keep the moisture content of mixture to be less than 7 for 50-70%, pH, in 30-40 DEG C of temperature
Degree is lower to obtain the slow-release phosphate fertilizer after 2~10 days.
2. slow-release phosphate fertilizer containing humic acid-metal-phosphate compound according to claim 1 and preparation method thereof,
It is characterized in that：The humic acid fertilizer is the biogas residue become thoroughly decomposed, the feces of livestock and poultry for becoming thoroughly decomposed, the agricultural waste material composting production that becomes thoroughly decomposed
Mixing with one or more in humic acid extract solution.
3. slow-release phosphate fertilizer containing humic acid-metal-phosphate compound according to claim 1 and preparation method thereof,
It is characterized in that：The phosphate fertilizer is that Diammonium phosphate (DAP), double superhosphate, calcium superphosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, ground phosphate rock and high phosphorus are organic
One or more of mixing in fertilizer.
4. slow-release phosphate fertilizer containing humic acid-metal-phosphate compound according to claim 1 and preparation method thereof,
It is characterized in that：The metallic solution is the salting liquid or colloidal solution of aluminium or iron, metal quality and institute in the metallic solution
The content for stating humic acid carbon in humic acid fertilizer is proportional, and every gram of humic acid carbon addition quality is the metal of 0.1~6mmol.
5. the slow-release phosphate fertilizer that prepared by a kind of method by the claims 1 to 4.
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| CN201710028431.2A CN106748526A (en) | 2017-01-16 | 2017-01-16 | Slow-release phosphate fertilizer containing humic acid metal-phosphate complex and preparation method thereof |
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| CN201710028431.2A CN106748526A (en) | 2017-01-16 | 2017-01-16 | Slow-release phosphate fertilizer containing humic acid metal-phosphate complex and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107827660A (en) * | 2017-11-28 | 2018-03-23 | 贵阳开磷化肥有限公司 | A kind of humic acid water-soluble slow-releasing potash fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN108033832A (en) * | 2017-11-28 | 2018-05-15 | 贵阳开磷化肥有限公司 | A kind of multifunctional humic sour water dissolubility slow-release compound fertilizer |
| CN109912368A (en) * | 2019-04-26 | 2019-06-21 | 苏州西姆提纳米科技有限公司 | A kind of humic acid fertilizer made of platinum and the modified sulfuric acid aluminium mixture of gold salt |
-
2017
- 2017-01-16 CN CN201710028431.2A patent/CN106748526A/en active Pending
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| 张伟华: ""腐植酸在盐碱土改良中的应用及前景"", 《第八届全国绿色环保肥料（农药）新技术、新产品交流会论文集》 * |
| 沈玉君等: ""外源铁、磷对堆肥腐熟的影响及"腐殖酸-Fe-P"复合体的形成初探"", 《生态环境学报》 * |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107827660A (en) * | 2017-11-28 | 2018-03-23 | 贵阳开磷化肥有限公司 | A kind of humic acid water-soluble slow-releasing potash fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN108033832A (en) * | 2017-11-28 | 2018-05-15 | 贵阳开磷化肥有限公司 | A kind of multifunctional humic sour water dissolubility slow-release compound fertilizer |
| CN109912368A (en) * | 2019-04-26 | 2019-06-21 | 苏州西姆提纳米科技有限公司 | A kind of humic acid fertilizer made of platinum and the modified sulfuric acid aluminium mixture of gold salt |
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