CN106747588B - Water permeable flat stone with biological purification function and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Water permeable flat stone with biological purification function and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN106747588B CN106747588B CN201710030059.9A CN201710030059A CN106747588B CN 106747588 B CN106747588 B CN 106747588B CN 201710030059 A CN201710030059 A CN 201710030059A CN 106747588 B CN106747588 B CN 106747588B
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 253
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 89
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 7
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 98
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000011268 mixed slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 79
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 44
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M Sodium bicarbonate-14C Chemical compound [Na+].O[14C]([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000593 degrading effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 24
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 description 12
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 5
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 5
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 5
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 4
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 3
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003657 drainage water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010485 coping Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000029087 digestion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036619 pore blockages Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 stirring macadam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B38/00—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof
- C04B38/02—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof by adding chemical blowing agents
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B1/00—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
- B28B1/50—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material specially adapted for producing articles of expanded material, e.g. cellular concrete
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B11/00—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles
- B28B11/24—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for curing, setting or hardening
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B13/00—Feeding the unshaped material to moulds or apparatus for producing shaped articles; Discharging shaped articles from such moulds or apparatus
- B28B13/02—Feeding the unshaped material to moulds or apparatus for producing shaped articles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B13/00—Feeding the unshaped material to moulds or apparatus for producing shaped articles; Discharging shaped articles from such moulds or apparatus
- B28B13/04—Discharging the shaped articles
- B28B13/06—Removing the shaped articles from moulds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B26/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing only organic binders, e.g. polymer or resin concrete
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B38/00—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof
- C04B38/0038—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof by superficial sintering or bonding of particulate matter
- C04B38/0041—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof by superficial sintering or bonding of particulate matter the particulate matter having preselected particle sizes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
- C04B41/4505—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements characterised by the method of application
- C04B41/4535—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements characterised by the method of application applied as a solution, emulsion, dispersion or suspension
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/60—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone of only artificial stone
- C04B41/61—Coating or impregnation
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C11/00—Details of pavings
- E01C11/22—Gutters; Kerbs ; Surface drainage of streets, roads or like traffic areas
- E01C11/224—Surface drainage of streets
- E01C11/225—Paving specially adapted for through-the-surfacing drainage, e.g. perforated, porous; Preformed paving elements comprising, or adapted to form, passageways for carrying off drainage
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A10/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE at coastal zones; at river basins
- Y02A10/30—Flood prevention; Flood or storm water management, e.g. using flood barriers
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Road Paving Structures (AREA)
Abstract
the invention discloses a water permeable flat stone with a biological purification function and a preparation method thereof, wherein the upper part of an outer frame is provided with a first groove for accommodating a porous water permeable brick from front to back, the lower part of the outer frame is provided with a water storage tank for storing retained water, the length and the width of the water storage tank are both smaller than those of the first groove, the width of the porous water permeable brick is larger than that of the water storage tank, and the porous water permeable brick is positioned above the water storage tank; the front side wall and the rear side wall of the bottom wall of the outer frame are symmetrically provided with a water passing ditch respectively, and the height of the bottom wall of the water passing ditch is higher than that of the bottom wall of the water storage tank; the porous permeable brick comprises a permeable surface layer, a fine porous permeable layer, a coarse porous permeable layer and a microporous permeable layer, wherein the permeable surface layer, the fine porous permeable layer, the coarse porous permeable layer and the microporous permeable layer are sequentially laid from top to bottom. The invention is paved on both sides of the road, has better distributed absorption and purification effects on the runoff and the accumulated water on the road surface, and saves the construction cost.
Description
Technical Field
the invention relates to a preparation method of a permeable flat stone with a biological purification function, and belongs to the technical field of environmental protection.
background
The sponge city is a new generation of urban rainfall flood management and construction mode, particularly means that the city has good elasticity in the aspects of adapting to environmental changes, coping with natural disasters caused by rainwater and the like, and combines natural approaches and artificial measures according to the principles of ecological priority and the like, so that the rainwater can be stored, permeated and purified in the urban area to the maximum extent on the premise of ensuring the urban drainage waterlogging prevention safety, and the utilization of rainwater resources and the ecological environment protection are promoted. The concept of emphasizing low influence development is emphasized in the construction of sponge cities, the load reduction and supplement can be provided for the traditional drainage system, and the digestion and absorption effects of the cities are exerted to the greatest extent.
Traditional city construction mode, everywhere is the hardened road surface, and every time heavy rain, mainly rely on "grey" facilities such as pipe canal, pump station to the main planning design theory of "getting rid of fast" and "end centralized" control often causes unfavorable phenomena such as the waterlogging of meeting rain, drought and waterlogging rush turn. According to the sponge urban construction development concept, the urban construction emphasizes that the green measures such as grass planting ditches, water seepage bricks, rainwater gardens, sunken greenbelts and the like are preferentially utilized to organize drainage, and the main planning design concept of slow drainage and slow release and source dispersion control is adopted, so that the flooding is avoided, and the rainwater is effectively collected. Road drainage is an important aspect in sponge city construction, research on the aspect of permeable building materials is greatly progressed at present, but the structural strength of the permeable building materials cannot meet the load requirement of urban roads and can only be used for light-load occasions such as sidewalks and drainage ditches, and therefore distributed drainage of pavements is still a research hotspot at present.
The flat stone is a common structural device in the current urban road construction, is usually paved between an asphalt paving road surface and a vertical kerb and is flush with the road surface, and is sometimes arranged at the edge of a road express way during open trench drainage, and is also called as the flat kerb. The flat stone is paved in multiple aspects, and firstly, a space flows out between the asphalt pavement and the vertical kerbstone, so that rolling of large-scale devices such as a road roller and the like is facilitated without damaging the vertical kerbstone; secondly, the deformation of road shoulders caused by the deformation and extrusion of asphalt to the road edges in the using process is prevented, the function of a buffer zone is achieved, meanwhile, the road surface is stable, and the probability of edge damage is reduced; and thirdly, the flat stones are usually combined with the vertical kerbs and the back stones, so that the convergence and the flow of pavement runoff are facilitated, and the instability of the gravel road base caused by downward penetration of moisture is avoided.
At present, the flat stone is usually made of solid concrete and has no water permeable function. If the basic function of the flat stone can be combined with the porous permeable material technology and the biological purification technology, the flat stone can simultaneously have the functions of supporting the road surface, draining, permeating water, storing water and purifying water quality, the conveying load of the urban road surface runoff can be greatly reduced, and the road surface pollutants can be purified, so that the flat stone plays an important role in sponge city construction.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a preparation method of a permeable flat stone with a biological purification function, which integrates a porous permeable material and a biological purification technology on a road flat stone, not only maintains the road supporting function of the flat stone, but also has the functions of drainage, permeability and water storage, can greatly relieve the phenomenon of water accumulation on urban roads, and simultaneously has the function of water purification and reduces the discharge amount of urban sewage. The invention has simple structure and convenient maintenance, and is suitable for popularization and use.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a water permeable flat stone with biological purification function, comprising a water permeable flat stone, wherein the water permeable flat stone comprises a porous water permeable brick and an outer frame; the upper part of the outer frame is provided with a first groove used for accommodating the porous water permeable brick from front to back, the lower part of the outer frame is provided with a water storage tank used for storing retained water, the length and the width of the water storage tank are both smaller than those of the first groove, the width of the porous water permeable brick is larger than that of the water storage tank, and the porous water permeable brick is positioned above the water storage tank; the front side wall of the outer frame and the rear side wall of the outer frame are symmetrically provided with a water passing ditch respectively, and the height of the bottom wall of the water passing ditch is higher than that of the bottom wall of the water storage tank; the porous permeable brick comprises a permeable surface layer, a fine porous permeable layer, a coarse porous permeable layer and a microporous permeable layer, wherein the permeable surface layer is sequentially laid from top to bottom.
Preferentially, the outer frame is made of reinforced concrete; the thickness of the permeable surface layer is 2cm-3cm, the material of the permeable surface layer comprises washed rice stones with the particle size of 0.2cm-0.5cm and a special permeable pavement adhesive, and the mass ratio of the washed rice stones to the special permeable pavement adhesive is 35: 1.
preferably, the thickness of the pore water permeable layer is 5 ~ 8cm, the material of the pore water permeable layer comprises crushed stone with the particle size of 0.3 ~ 0.5cm, cement, sand sieved by a 60 ~ mesh sieve and water, and the mass ratio of the crushed stone, the cement, the sand and the water is 100: 15: 5: 10.
preferentially, the thickness of the coarse ~ pore water permeable layer is 5 ~ 8cm, the material of the coarse ~ pore water permeable layer comprises crushed stone with the particle size of 2 ~ 3cm, cement, sand sieved by a 60 ~ mesh sieve and water, and the mass ratio of the crushed stone, the cement, the sand and the water is 100: 15: 5: 10.
preferentially, the thickness of the microporous water seepage layer is 20 ~ 30cm, the material of the microporous water seepage layer comprises mixed slurry, a cement foaming agent, sodium bicarbonate, water and citric acid, the mixed slurry comprises cement, river sand sieved by a 60 ~ mesh sieve, chopped glass fiber with the length of 2 ~ 4mm, carboxymethyl cellulose and water, the mass ratio of the cement to the river sand to the chopped glass fiber to the carboxymethyl cellulose to the water is 50: 80: 3: 5: 200, and the mixed slurry, the cement foaming agent, the sodium bicarbonate, the water and the citric acid are mixed according to the mass ratio of 1000: 30: 5: 100: 1.
Preferably, the porous water permeable brick is distributed with degrading strains.
preferentially, the pavement comprises a plurality of vertical kerbs, a plurality of back stones, a leveling layer, a gravel road base layer and an asphalt spreading layer;
The asphalt paving layer is characterized in that a plurality of water-permeable flat stones, a plurality of vertical kerbs and a plurality of back stones are sequentially arranged end to end from front to back, the asphalt paving layer, the plurality of water-permeable flat stones, the plurality of vertical kerbs and the plurality of back stones are sequentially and fixedly arranged from left to right, the asphalt paving layer top wall and the plurality of back stone top walls are positioned on the same plane, the top heights of the plurality of vertical kerbs are higher than those of the plurality of water-permeable flat stones, and the plurality of water-permeable flat stones, the plurality of vertical kerbs and the plurality of back stones are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the asphalt paving layer;
A plurality of water passing ditches on the plurality of the water permeable flat stones are communicated to form a drainage channel; the screed-coat is laid a plurality of the flat stone below of permeating water, grit road base layer is laid pitch spreading layer below, a plurality of the flat stone below of permeating water, a plurality of the kerbstone below, a plurality of the right-hand and a plurality of back stone right-hand below of back stone.
preferentially, including inspection shaft lid and inspection shaft, the inspection shaft is fixed to be set up at certain two between the flat stone permeates water, the inspection shaft lid cover is established the top of inspection shaft, set up on the inspection shaft wall of inspection shaft and set up a cooperation certain two symmetrically on the flat stone permeates water on the flat stone cross the mouth of a river of crossing the ditch.
A preparation method of a permeable flat stone with a biological purification function comprises the following steps:
a. preparing a microporous water seepage layer, namely putting cement, river sand, chopped glass fiber, carboxymethyl cellulose and water into a stirrer to be stirred for 10 minutes according to the mass ratio of 50: 80: 3: 5: 200 to form uniform mixed slurry, uniformly mixing the mixed slurry, a cement foaming agent, sodium bicarbonate, the water and citric acid in a cement foaming machine according to the mass ratio of 1000: 30: 5: 100: 1 to form a second mixed slurry, injecting the second mixed slurry into a mold to be formed, paving the second mixed slurry in the mold to have the thickness of 20 ~ 30cm, placing the mold at 15 ~ 30 ℃ to naturally solidify for 7 days, spraying water to the second mixed slurry 3 ~ 4 times every day, and stopping when the water spraying amount begins to seep outwards from the bottom of the mold;
b. preparing a coarse ~ pore permeable layer, namely stirring macadam, cement, sand and water for 10 minutes in a stirrer according to the mass ratio of 100: 15: 5:10 to form a third mixed slurry, taking the third mixed slurry out, paving the third mixed slurry on a 10 ~ mesh sieve for standing for 5 ~ 10 minutes, draining excessive cement slurry in the third mixed slurry, pouring the third mixed slurry above a prepared microporous water seepage layer and into a mold, paving the third mixed slurry with the thickness of 5 ~ 8cm, naturally curing the mold at 15 ~ 30 ℃ for 3 days, spraying water to the third mixed slurry for 3 ~ 4 times every day, and stopping when the water spraying amount begins to seep outwards from the bottom of the mold;
c. preparing a fine ~ pore water permeable layer, namely stirring broken stone, cement, sand and water for 10 minutes in a stirrer according to the mass ratio of 100: 15: 5:10 to form a mixed slurry IV, taking out the mixed slurry IV, paving the mixed slurry IV on a 10 ~ mesh sieve for standing for 5 ~ 10 minutes, draining excessive cement slurry in the mixed slurry IV, pouring the mixed slurry IV above a prepared coarse ~ pore water permeable layer and into a mold, paving the mixed slurry IV with the thickness of 5 ~ 8cm, naturally curing the mold at 15 ~ 30 ℃ for 3 days, spraying water for 3 ~ 4 times every day on the mixed slurry IV, and stopping when the water spraying amount begins to seep outwards from the bottom of the mold;
d. preparing a permeable surface layer, namely stirring the rice washing stones and the special permeable pavement adhesive in a stirrer for 5 minutes according to the mass ratio of 35: 1 to form a mixed slurry five, pouring the mixed slurry five above the prepared fine ~ pore permeable layer and into a mold, paving the mixed slurry five to the thickness of 2 ~ 3cm, standing until the mixture is solidified and demolding, and thus obtaining the porous permeable brick;
e. placing the prepared porous water permeable brick in clear water for 3 ~ 5 days continuously, then placing the porous water permeable brick in a culture solution containing degradation strains for 2 ~ 4 days, and controlling the temperature of the culture solution to be 25 ~ 35 ℃ so that the porous water permeable brick is loaded with the degradation strains;
f. And arranging the porous water permeable brick in the outer frame.
preferentially, the mold is a hollow cuboid, and a long hole is formed in the bottom of the mold.
The invention achieves the following beneficial effects:
1) The invention is directly paved on both sides of the road, has better distributed absorption and purification effects on the runoff and the accumulated water on the road surface, avoids specially constructing a drainage and purification device, and saves the construction cost.
2) the invention adds the functions of water permeability, water storage and other sponge bodies on the basis of keeping the original functions of the flat stone, and when the rainfall is small, the rainwater on the road surface can completely enter the porous water permeable brick, one part of the rainwater is stored in the microporous water permeable layer of the invention, and the other part of the rainwater is stored in the water storage tank at the bottom; when the rainfall is moderate, the rainwater on the road surface can also completely enter the porous water permeable brick, the rainwater is stored and retained in the invention, and the rest part of the rainwater can be discharged into the inspection well along the bottom water passing ditch, so that the road surface has no runoff and accumulated water; when the rainfall is large, most of water can flow along the surface layer of the flat stone and is gathered to the inspection well, and after the rainfall is finished, the accumulated water on the road surface can quickly permeate downwards and is discharged through the porous water permeable bricks, so that the condition of long-time accumulated water on the road surface caused by blockage and unsmooth drainage of the inspection well cover can be effectively relieved.
3) The porous water permeable brick has a large specific surface area, can load a large amount of degradation flora, effectively performs primary purification treatment on the road surface drainage formed by rainfall runoff, reduces the concentration of various pollutants in the road surface drainage water body, reduces the absorption amount of the pollutants in the drainage water body by the on-way soil, lightens the burden of a downstream sewage treatment plant, and protects and purifies the environment to a certain extent.
4) the bottom of the invention is provided with the water storage tank which can store a part of the retained water, thereby forming a moist small environment at the bottom of the flat stone and being beneficial to the propagation and the activity maintenance of microorganisms in the porous water permeable brick.
5) The porous water permeable brick adopts a four-layer structure consisting of the water permeable surface layer, the water permeable supporting layer and the water permeable layer, the water permeable surface layer ensures that the flat stone has better strength and wear resistance, and can effectively prevent impurities on the road surface from entering along with water flow; the fine-pore permeable layer and the coarse-pore permeable layer not only provide support for the permeable surface layer, but also disperse the top pressure, effectively protect the lower microporous permeable layer from being damaged, and can also physically adsorb pollutants; the micropore water seepage layer provides a larger specific surface area, is beneficial to the attachment of microorganisms, simultaneously prolongs the hydraulic retention time, is beneficial to improving the purification efficiency, and also has certain water storage capacity.
6) the invention adopts the structure of the separable outer frame and the porous water permeable bricks, when the porous water permeable bricks are damaged or the purification efficiency is reduced, the porous water permeable bricks can be independently taken out and replaced, the influence on the road surface is avoided, and the maintenance is convenient.
7) The invention has simple structure, convenient laying, convenient maintenance and strong adaptability, meets the construction requirements of the current sponge city and is suitable for popularization and use.
drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention as it is laid;
3 FIG. 3 3 3 is 3 a 3 sectional 3 view 3 taken 3 along 3 line 3 A 3- 3 A 3 of 3 FIG. 3 2 3; 3
FIG. 4 is a structural view of an outer frame in the present invention.
The meanings of the marks in the drawing are 1-porous water permeable brick, 2-vertical kerb, 3-back stone, 4-leveling layer, 5-water retaining weir, 6-water passing ditch, 7-outer frame, 8-sandstone roadbed layer, 9-asphalt spreading layer, 10-inspection well cover, 11-inspection well, 12-inspection well wall, 13-water passing opening, 14-water flow direction, 15-retained water, 16-right side wall, 17-water storage tank, 18-supporting seat, 19-water permeable surface layer, 20-fine pore water permeable layer, 21-coarse pore water permeable layer and 22-fine pore water permeable layer.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.
As shown in figure 1, the invention provides a water-permeable flat stone with a biological purification function, which comprises a water-permeable flat stone, wherein the water-permeable flat stone comprises a porous water-permeable brick 1 and an outer frame 7; a first groove used for accommodating the porous water permeable brick 1 is formed in the upper portion of the outer frame 7 from front to back, a water storage tank 17 used for storing retained water 15 is formed in the lower portion of the outer frame 7, the length and the width of the water storage tank 17 are both smaller than those of the first groove, the width of the porous water permeable brick 1 is larger than that of the water storage tank 17, a supporting seat 18 is formed between the first groove and the water storage tank 17, and the porous water permeable brick 1 is located above the water storage tank 17 and is placed on the supporting seat 18; a water passing ditch 6 is symmetrically formed on the front side wall of the outer frame and the rear side wall of the outer frame respectively, and the height of the bottom wall of the water passing ditch 6 is higher than that of the bottom wall of the water storage tank 17 to form a water retaining weir 5, as shown in fig. 4; porous brick 1 that permeates water includes surface course 19, pore permeable layer 20, coarse pore permeable layer 21 and micropore infiltration layer 22 of permeating water, surface course 19 permeates water pore permeable layer 20 coarse pore permeable layer 21 with micropore infiltration layer 22 is laid from top to bottom in proper order. As shown in fig. 4, the outer frame 7 has a groove-shaped structure with an opening at the top and both sides, and has a length × width × height =40cm × 30cm × 60 cm.
Further, the outer frame 7 is made of reinforced concrete; the thickness of the permeable surface layer 19 is 2cm-3cm, the material of the permeable surface layer 19 comprises washed rice stones with the particle size of 0.2cm-0.5cm and a special permeable pavement adhesive, and the mass ratio of the washed rice stones to the special permeable pavement adhesive is 35: 1.
further, the thickness of the fine ~ hole permeable layer 20 is 5cm ~ 8cm, the fine ~ hole permeable layer 20 comprises gravel with the particle size of 0.3cm ~ 0.5cm, cement, sand sieved by a 60 ~ mesh sieve and water, and the mass ratio of the gravel to the cement to the sand to the water is 100: 15: 5: 10.
further, the thickness of the coarse porous permeable layer 21 is 5cm ~ 8cm, the material of the coarse porous permeable layer 21 comprises crushed stone with the particle size of 2cm ~ 3cm, cement, sand sieved by a 60 ~ mesh sieve and water, and the mass ratio of the crushed stone, the cement, the sand and the water is 100: 15: 5: 10.
further, the thickness of the microporous water seepage layer 22 is 20cm ~ 30cm, the material of the microporous water seepage layer 22 comprises mixed slurry, a cement foaming agent, sodium bicarbonate, water and citric acid, the mixed slurry comprises cement, river sand sieved by a 60 ~ mesh sieve, chopped glass fibers with the length of 2mm ~ 4cm, carboxymethyl cellulose and water, the mass ratio of the cement to the river sand to the chopped glass fibers to the carboxymethyl cellulose to the water is 50: 80: 3: 5: 200, and the mass ratio of the mixed slurry to the cement foaming agent to the sodium bicarbonate to the water to the citric acid is 1000: 30: 5: 100: 1.
furthermore, degradation strains are distributed on the porous water permeable brick 1.
Further, as shown in fig. 3, the invention comprises a plurality of vertical kerbs 2, a plurality of back stones 3, a leveling layer 4, a gravel road base layer 8 and an asphalt spreading layer 9;
The asphalt paving layer 9 top wall and the plurality of back stone 3 top walls are positioned on the same plane, the top height of the plurality of vertical kerbs 2 is higher than that of the plurality of permeable flat stones, and the plurality of permeable flat stones, the plurality of vertical kerbs 2 and the plurality of back stones 3 are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the asphalt paving layer 9;
A plurality of water passing ditches 6 on a plurality of the water permeable flat stones are communicated to form a drainage channel; screed-coat 4 is laid a plurality of the flat stone below of permeating water, grit road bed layer 8 is laid 9 below, a plurality of are spread in the pitch spreading layer the flat stone below of permeating water, a plurality of 2 below, a plurality of the vertical kerbstone 3 right-hand and a plurality of the right-hand below of back stone 3.
Further, as shown in fig. 2, the inspection well comprises an inspection well cover 10 and an inspection well 11, wherein the inspection well 11 is fixedly arranged between two of the water-permeable flat stones, the inspection well cover 10 is sleeved on the top of the inspection well 11, and a water passing opening 13 matched with the water passing ditch 6 on the two of the water-permeable flat stones is symmetrically formed in an inspection well wall 12 of the inspection well 11.
A preparation method of a permeable flat stone with a biological purification function comprises the following steps:
a. preparing a microporous water seepage layer 22, namely putting cement, river sand sieved by a 60 ~ mesh sieve, chopped glass fiber with the length of 2mm ~ 4cm, carboxymethyl cellulose and water into a stirrer to stir for 10 minutes according to the mass ratio of 50: 80: 3: 5: 200 to form uniform mixed slurry, uniformly mixing the mixed slurry, a cement foaming agent, sodium bicarbonate, water and citric acid in a cement foaming machine according to the mass ratio of 1000: 30: 5: 100: 1 to form a mixed slurry II, injecting the mixed slurry II into a mold to form the mixed slurry II, paving the mixed slurry II in the mold to the thickness of 20cm ~ 30cm, then placing the mold at room temperature (15 ~ 30 ℃) to maintain for 7 days, spraying water to the mixed slurry II for 3 ~ 4 times every day, stopping when the water seepage starts outwards from a long hole at the bottom of the mold, wherein the microporous water seepage layer 22 has a large specific surface area, is not only beneficial to the adhesion of microorganisms, but also prolongs the hydraulic retention time, and has certain water storage capacity, and is a main water purification area.
b. preparing a coarse ~ pore permeable layer 21, namely stirring crushed stone with the particle size of 2 ~ 3cm, cement, sand sieved by a 60 ~ mesh sieve and water in a stirrer for 10 minutes according to the mass ratio of 100: 15: 5:10 to form a third mixed slurry, taking the third mixed slurry out, flatly paving the third mixed slurry on a 10 ~ mesh sieve net for standing for 5 ~ 10 minutes, draining excessive cement slurry in the third mixed slurry, pouring the third mixed slurry above a prepared microporous water seepage layer 22 into a mold, paving the third mixed slurry with the thickness of 5 ~ 8cm, placing the mold at room temperature (15 ~ 30 ℃) for natural curing for 3 days, spraying water to the third mixed slurry for 3 ~ 4 times every day, and stopping when the water spraying amount begins to seep outwards from a long hole at the bottom of the mold;
c. preparing a fine ~ pore water permeable layer 20, namely, stirring crushed stone with the particle size of 0.3 ~ 0.5cm, cement, sand sieved by a 60 ~ mesh sieve and water in a stirrer for 10 minutes according to the mass ratio of 100: 15: 5:10 to form a mixed slurry IV, taking out the mixed slurry IV, paving the mixed slurry IV on a 10 ~ mesh sieve, standing for 5 ~ 10 minutes, draining excessive cement slurry in the mixed slurry IV, pouring the mixed slurry IV into a mould above a prepared coarse ~ pore water permeable layer 21, paving the mixed slurry IV with the thickness of 5 ~ 8cm, placing the mould at room temperature (15 ~ 30 ℃) for curing for 3 days, spraying water for 3 ~ 4 times every day on the mixed slurry IV, stopping when water seepage begins from a long hole at the bottom of the mould, wherein the fine ~ pore water permeable layer 20 and the coarse ~ pore water permeable layer 21 provide support for a water permeable surface layer 19, the top pressure is dispersed, the lower water permeable layer 22 is prevented from being crushed, and the fine ~ pore water permeable layer has a physical adsorption function of adsorbing pollutants.
d. and (2) preparing a water permeable surface layer 19, namely stirring the rice washing stones with the particle size of 0.2 ~ 0.5cm and the special water permeable pavement adhesive in a stirrer for 5 minutes according to the mass ratio of 35: 1 to form a mixed slurry V, pouring the mixed slurry V into a mould above the prepared fine ~ pore water permeable layer 20, paving the mixed slurry V with the paving thickness of 2 ~ 3cm, standing until solidification and demoulding are carried out, so that the porous water permeable brick 1 can be obtained, wherein the water permeable surface layer 19 has good strength and wear resistance and can prevent pavement impurities from flowing into the porous water permeable brick 1 along with water.
e. placing the prepared porous water permeable brick 1 in clear water for 3 ~ 5 days, then placing the porous water permeable brick 1 in a culture solution containing degradation strains for 2 ~ 4 days, and controlling the temperature of the culture solution to be 25 ~ 35 ℃ so that the porous water permeable brick 1 is loaded with the degradation strains;
f. the porous water permeable brick 1 is arranged in the outer frame 7.
Further, the mold is a hollow cuboid, and a long hole is formed in the bottom of the mold.
The working process of the invention is as follows:
When the rainfall is small, rainwater on the road surface enters the porous water permeable bricks 1 on the two sides of the road, one part of the rainwater is stored in the microporous water permeable layer 22 of the invention, and the other part of the leaked rainwater is stored in the water storage tank 17; the permeable surface layer 19, the fine porous permeable layer 20 and the coarse porous permeable layer 21 in the porous permeable brick 1 can intercept part of particle suspended matters in sewage, and the fine porous permeable layer 22 can intercept not only easily biodegradable organic matters such as N, P in sewage, but also difficultly degradable organic matters such as heavy metal elements, grease, free chlorine, phenol and the like.
secondly, when the rainfall is moderate, the rainwater on the road surface can also completely enter the porous water permeable brick 1, the rainwater is stored and retained in the microporous water permeable layer 22 and the water storage tank 17, and the redundant part of the rainwater can be discharged into the inspection well 11 along the water passing ditch 6 at the bottom of the flat stone, so that the water accumulation phenomenon on the road surface can not occur. Also, the rainwater may be primarily purified while passing through the porous water permeable bricks 1.
And thirdly, when the rainfall is large, rainwater which cannot penetrate into the porous permeable flat stone 1 in time can flow along the surface layer of the flat stone and gather into the inspection well 11, and after the rainfall is finished, the road surface accumulated water can penetrate downwards and be drained quickly through the porous permeable bricks 1, so that the condition of long-time road surface accumulated water caused by blockage of the inspection well cover 10 and unsmooth drainage is effectively relieved.
fourthly, in the period of no rainfall, the retained water 15 in the water storage tank 17 can keep the microporous water seepage layer 22 in a wet state in a period of time, thereby being beneficial to the propagation and activity maintenance of microorganisms in the interior.
When the porous water permeable brick 1 is physically damaged, or the water permeability is reduced due to pore blockage and the like, or the purification efficiency is reduced, the porous water permeable brick 1 can be taken out from the outer frame 7 for replacement, so that the better use efficiency is maintained.
the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and variations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The water permeable flat stone with the biological purification function is characterized by comprising a porous water permeable brick (1) and an outer frame (7), wherein a first groove used for accommodating the porous water permeable brick (1) is formed in the upper portion of the outer frame (7) from front to back, a water storage tank (17) used for storing stagnant water (15) is formed in the lower portion of the outer frame (7), the length and the width of the water storage tank (17) are both smaller than those of the first groove, the width of the porous water permeable brick (1) is larger than that of the water storage tank (17), and the porous water permeable brick (1) is located above the water storage tank (17); a water passing ditch (6) is symmetrically formed in the front side wall of the outer frame (7) and the rear side wall of the outer frame (7) respectively, and the height of the bottom wall of the water passing ditch (6) is higher than that of the bottom wall of the water storage tank (17); porous brick (1) of permeating water is including permeating water surface course (19), pore permeable layer (20), coarse pore permeable layer (21) and micropore infiltration layer (22), permeate water surface course (19) pore permeable layer (20) coarse pore permeable layer (21) with micropore infiltration layer (22) from top to bottom lays in proper order.
2. the permeable flat stone with biological purification function according to claim 1, characterized in that the outer frame (7) is made of reinforced concrete; the thickness of the permeable surface layer (19) is 2cm-3cm, the material of the permeable surface layer (19) comprises washed rice stones with the particle size of 0.2cm-0.5cm and a special permeable pavement adhesive, and the mass ratio of the washed rice stones to the special permeable pavement adhesive is 35: 1.
3. the permeable flat stone with the biological purification function according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the fine ~ hole permeable layer (20) is 5 ~ 8cm, the material of the fine ~ hole permeable layer (20) comprises crushed stone with the particle size of 0.3 ~ 0.5cm, cement, sand sieved by a 60 ~ mesh sieve and water, and the mass ratio of the crushed stone, the cement, the sand and the water is 100: 15: 5: 10.
4. the permeable flat stone with the biological purification function according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the coarse permeable layer (21) is 5 ~ 8cm, the material of the coarse permeable layer (21) comprises crushed stone with the particle size of 2 ~ 3cm, cement, sand sieved by a 60 ~ mesh sieve and water, and the mass ratio of the crushed stone, the cement, the sand and the water is 100: 15: 5: 10.
5. the permeable flat stone with the biological purification function according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the microporous water seepage layer (22) is 20 ~ 30cm, the material of the microporous water seepage layer (22) comprises mixed slurry, a cement foaming agent, sodium bicarbonate, water and citric acid, the mixed slurry comprises cement, river sand sieved by a 60 ~ mesh sieve, chopped glass fiber with the length of 2 ~ 4mm, carboxymethyl cellulose and water, the mass ratio of the cement, the river sand, the chopped glass fiber, the carboxymethyl cellulose and the water is 50: 80: 3: 5: 200, and the mixed slurry, the cement foaming agent, the sodium bicarbonate, the water and the citric acid are in a mass ratio of 1000: 30: 5: 100: 1.
6. the permeable flat stone with biological purification function according to claim 1, characterized in that the porous permeable brick (1) is distributed with degrading strains.
7. The method for preparing the water flat stone with the biological purification function according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized by comprising the following steps:
a. preparing a microporous water seepage layer (22), namely putting cement, river sand, chopped glass fiber, carboxymethyl cellulose and water into a stirrer according to the mass ratio of 50: 80: 3: 5: 200, stirring for 10 minutes to form uniform mixed slurry, uniformly mixing the mixed slurry, a cement foaming agent, sodium bicarbonate, the water and citric acid in a cement foaming machine according to the mass ratio of 1000: 30: 5: 100: 1 to form a mixed slurry II, injecting the mixed slurry II into a mold for forming, paving the mixed slurry II in the mold to the thickness of 20cm ~ 30cm, placing the mold at 15 cm ~ 30 ℃ for naturally curing for 7 days, spraying water to the mixed slurry II for 3cm ~ 4 times every day, and stopping when the water spraying amount begins to seep outwards from the bottom of the mold;
b. preparing a coarse ~ pore water permeable layer (21), namely stirring macadam, cement, sand and water for 10 minutes in a stirrer according to the mass ratio of 100: 15: 5:10 to form a third mixed slurry, taking out the third mixed slurry, paving the third mixed slurry on a 10 ~ mesh screen for standing for 5 ~ 10 minutes, draining excessive cement slurry in the third mixed slurry, pouring the third mixed slurry above a prepared microporous water permeable layer (22) into a mold, paving the third mixed slurry with the thickness of 5 ~ 8cm, placing the mold at 15 ~ 30 ℃ for natural curing for 3 days, spraying water to the third mixed slurry for 3 ~ 4 times every day, and stopping when the water spraying amount begins to seep outwards from the bottom of the mold;
c. preparing a fine ~ pore water permeable layer (20), namely stirring macadam, cement, sand and water for 10 minutes in a stirrer according to the mass ratio of 100: 15: 5:10 to form a mixed slurry IV, taking out the mixed slurry IV, paving the mixed slurry IV on a 10 ~ mesh sieve for standing for 5 ~ 10 minutes, draining excessive slurry in the mixed slurry IV, pouring the mixed slurry IV above a prepared coarse ~ pore water permeable layer (21) into a mold, paving the mixed slurry IV with the thickness of 5 ~ 8cm, placing the mold at 15 ~ 30 ℃ for natural curing for 3 days, spraying water for 3 ~ 4 times every day on the mixed slurry IV, and stopping when the water spraying amount begins to seep outwards from the bottom of the mold;
d. preparing a water permeable surface layer (19), namely stirring the rice washing stones and the special water permeable pavement adhesive in a stirrer for 5 minutes according to the mass ratio of 35: 1 to form a mixed slurry five, pouring the mixed slurry five above the prepared fine ~ pore water permeable layer (20) and into a mold, paving the mixed slurry five to the thickness of 2 ~ 3cm, standing until solidification and demolding, and obtaining the porous water permeable brick (1);
e. placing the prepared porous water permeable brick (1) in clear water for 3 ~ 5 days continuously, then placing the porous water permeable brick (1) in a culture solution containing degradation strains for 2 ~ 4 days, and controlling the temperature of the culture solution to be 25 ~ 35 ℃ so that the porous water permeable brick (1) is loaded with the degradation strains;
f. The porous water permeable brick (1) is arranged in the outer frame (7).
8. The method for preparing a water permeable flat stone with a biological purification function according to claim 7, wherein the mold is a hollow cuboid, and a long hole is formed at the bottom of the mold.
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| CN107555951B (en) * | 2017-08-25 | 2020-09-25 | 昆明理工大学 | Water-retaining porous brick for sponge city and preparation method thereof |
| CN108330770A (en) * | 2018-01-24 | 2018-07-27 | 扬州大学 | A kind of Kerb of concrete |
| CN109958023B (en) * | 2019-04-04 | 2021-07-02 | 北方工业大学 | Dustproof self-cleaning combination formula is from drainage brick that permeates water |
| CN110158405A (en) * | 2019-06-20 | 2019-08-23 | 无锡市政设计研究院有限公司 | A kind of flat stone structure that urban road drainage bituminous pavement uses |
| CN110512481B (en) * | 2019-08-30 | 2021-05-04 | 绍兴市侨陆智能科技有限公司 | Anti-splashing enhanced sensing type blind road floor tile |
| CN111855368A (en) * | 2020-07-06 | 2020-10-30 | 河海大学 | Test block manufacturing die for researching characteristics of gelled sand gravel layer |
| CN112458820A (en) * | 2020-12-07 | 2021-03-09 | 苏州筑源规划建筑设计有限公司 | Sponge urban drainage system |
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