CN106747289A - The slip-casting shaping process of the large-scale vessel of Nixing pottery - Google Patents
The slip-casting shaping process of the large-scale vessel of Nixing pottery Download PDFInfo
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- CN106747289A CN106747289A CN201611227942.9A CN201611227942A CN106747289A CN 106747289 A CN106747289 A CN 106747289A CN 201611227942 A CN201611227942 A CN 201611227942A CN 106747289 A CN106747289 A CN 106747289A
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- mud
- base substrate
- nixing pottery
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
- C04B33/131—Inorganic additives
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/28—Slip casting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3224—Rare earth oxide or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. scandium oxide
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Producing Shaped Articles From Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses the slip-casting shaping process of the large-scale vessel of Nixing pottery, comprise the following steps：1) to the LuCl that its weight 0.1~1% is mixed into Nixing pottery soil2, it is made mud；2) mud is injected in gypsum mold, the demoulding obtains large-scale Nixing pottery base substrate.Bivalent rare earth chloride LuCl2Addition can also disconnect key in upper and lower two-layer silicon-oxy tetrahedron between active oxygen and, and with upper and lower two-layer active oxygen regenerate key and, and between bivalent rare earth ion and active oxygen key and also have certain pliability, can extend to shrink, therefore can play a part of to adjust base substrate dewatering speed, so that the inside and outside dehydration of base substrate is synchronous, and then hardness is consistent inside and outside base substrate, so as to avoid soft defect and the follow-up cracking defect for drying and occurring in sintering procedure of collapsing occurred in the demoulding.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of moulding process of Nixing pottery, and in particular to the slip-casting shaping process of the large-scale vessel of Nixing pottery.
Background technology
Qiezhou Nixing pottery, scientific name is purple mud pottery, and China four is made pottery and claimed with Jiangsu purple sand ceramics, Yunnan Jian Shui potteries, Chongqing Rongchang County
Big name pottery.Nixing pottery vessel are divided into large-scale vessel (diameter and/or height >=40cm and less than 100cm) and small-sized by vessel model
Vessel (diameter and the equal ＜ 40cm of height)., wall thickness larger for complex-shaped, volume and large batch of large-scale Nixing pottery product and
Speech, typically using slip-casting shaping process.Injection forming is including making mould, slip casting, eating the operation groups such as slurry, blowing, consolidation, the demoulding
Into.β-the land plaster of the general selection standard of Mold Making, is added water and is made calcium plaster, and the treatment such as agitated, vacuum outgas, injection is pressed
In the master mold that hindsight cun and modeling requirement are made, dried 5~7 days at 30~40 DEG C, the gypsum hardening demoulding obtains final product plaster mold
Tool.Slip casting, to eat slurry, blowing be that (in order to ensure mobility, the moisture content general control of mud exists for the Nixing pottery mud that will modulate
35% or so) mould is injected, then by the moisture in mould absorption mud, when base substrate forms certain thickness, unnecessary mud is discharged
Slurry.Consolidation be due to after blowing base substrate it is very soft, it is necessary to continue exclude base substrate moisture, increase its intensity, referred to as consolidate, work as base substrate
When moisture content drops to 18~20%, consolidation terminates.The demoulding is the process that crude green body is taken out from model.Large-scale Nixing pottery product
Injection forming is all extremely difficult, if base substrate does not have enough hardness in the demoulding, is easy for deforming, or even the base substrate that collapses.
So, the hardness of base substrate is the key factor for influenceing blank qualification rate during the demoulding, and the operation such as finishing simultaneously for base substrate has
Very big influence.The hardness of base substrate is divided into case hardness and average hardness, in forming process, when base substrate top layer forms densification
During thin layer, be obstructed because internal moisture is excluded, difference of hardness is big inside and outside base substrate, cause billet surface hard and internal soft, thereafter plus
Work easily occurs deformation or cracking defect in operation with drying etc..Conversely, base substrate top layer forms not densified thin layer during shaping, it is internal
Moisture discharge is unobstructed, and base substrate moisture difference is small, and inside and outside difference of hardness is consistent, and intensity is big, but because base substrate exclusion moisture is too fast, in stone
Amount of contraction in cream mould is larger, rhegma easily occurs.
The content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of slip-casting shaping process of the large-scale vessel of Nixing pottery, and the technique can
With the defect that hardness inside and outside the crude green body for solving shaping differs.
The technical scheme that the present invention is provided is to provide a kind of slip-casting shaping process of the large-scale vessel of Nixing pottery, including following step
Suddenly：
1) to the LuCl that its weight 0.1~1% is mixed into Nixing pottery soil2, it is made mud；
2) mud is injected in gypsum mold, the demoulding obtains large-scale Nixing pottery base substrate.
Nixing pottery pug is made up of eastern mud and western mud, and eastern mud is the soil of the Jiang Yidong that admires for crossing Qiezhou urban district, is a kind of
Mild-clay, color is yellow-white, containing micro quartz sand, adjustment plasticity is played in the production technology of Nixing pottery and is made with associativity
With；Western mud is the soil of region to the west of river by the emperor himself, contains a small amount of K2O、NaO、CaO、MgO、Fe203、TiO2、MnO2, it is a kind of iron content
Amount purple mudstone higher, color is aubergine, and superficial layer has a small amount of irony to contaminate, and is hard paste, plasticity and associativity compared with
Difference.Clay minerals are mainly montmorillonite, the Si in Montmorillonite Crystal Si-O tetrahedrons in eastern mud4+By Al3+、Fe3+Deng substitution,
Al in Al-O octahedrons3+By Mg2+、Fe2+Cause the positive charge in crystal structure not enough Deng part substitution, therefore, clay particle
Subband negative electrical charge.Add bivalent rare earth chloride LuCl2Afterwards, bivalent rare earth chloride fast dissociation goes out bivalent rare earth ion,
Every 2 surface negative charges all combine a bivalent rare earth ion, and ionic radius of rare earth is larger, can be covered in Montmorillonite Crystal table
Face, Montmorillonite Crystal is in positive charge, so as to produce molecule repulsion, mud viscosity declines, and mobility and permeability strengthen, and carry significantly
The casting performance of mud high.The reason for without trivalent rare earth chloride and tetravalence rare earth-iron-boron is trivalent and tetravalence
Rare earth ion can combine excessive negative electrical charge montmorillonite particle, cause that mud becomes sticky on the contrary, and casting performance is reduced on the contrary.
Montmorillonite belongs to dioctahedron layer structure, and they are made up of tetrahedron-octahedron-tetrahedron three-layered node tile,
Belong to monoclinic system, tetrahedral sheet is formed by connecting by Si-O tetrahedron corner-sharings top, for each silicon-oxy tetrahedron, there is three
Oxygen on individual angle top is had with adjacent silicon-oxy tetrahedron, is sayed for each silica four sides, is had on the top of three angles
Oxygen be all with adjacent silicon-oxy tetrahedron have, electric charge has reached balance, only remain it is next can not be with by public oxygen
Active oxygen composition octahedral sheet in layer tetrahedron, the Al of divalence3+、Fe3+、Mg2+、Fe2+It is filled among octahedra hole.
Add bivalent rare earth chloride in pug, the bivalent rare earth ion for dissociating can disconnect in upper and lower two-layer tetrahedron active oxygen it
Between key and, and with upper and lower two-layer active oxygen regenerate key and, and the key of bivalent rare earth ion and active oxygen and also have
Certain pliability, can extend to shrink, therefore can play a part of to adjust base substrate hole.Due to base substrate outer surface
(pressing close to the part of gypsum mold) hydrone is largely excluded, and base substrate outer surface shrinks excessive, is easily produced internal stress and base is occurred
Body ruptures, key and can produce contraction that the bivalent rare earth ion of base substrate outer surface is formed with active oxygen atom, reduction base substrate hole,
The appropriate moisture diffusion for slowing down outer surface, so as to avoid blank cracking.Again due to base substrate inside (away from the part of gypsum mold)
Moisture is excluded relatively slowly, and hydrone content is higher, key and can fit that the bivalent rare earth ion inside base substrate is formed with active oxygen atom
Work as elongation, the increase of base substrate hole can promote the moisture of inside quickly to discharge, so that moisture diffusion is substantially same inside and outside base substrate
Step, and then cause that hardness is consistent inside and outside base substrate, strengthens blank strength, the thixotropy of base substrate diminishes, and appearance is not easy during the demoulding soft
Collapse defect, it is follow-up dry and fire when, be also not easy the defects such as blank cracking.
Step 1) in, Nixing pottery soil is made up of eastern mud and western mud, and its weight ratio is 4~6：6~4.Preferably, eastern mud and west
The weight ratio of mud is 6：4.
Step 1) in, due to being mixed into bivalent rare earth chloride LuCl in Nixing pottery soil2, the mobility of mud is enhanced,
Therefore smooth slip casting is ensured by the moisture content of mud is 25~28%.
Step 2) in, during the demoulding, the moisture content of base substrate is 18~20%.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that：
1) present invention adds bivalent rare earth chloride LuCl in Nixing pottery soil2The mobility of mud is enhanced, mud
Moisture content is only the preferable casting performance of guarantee by 25~28%.
2) bivalent rare earth chloride LuCl2Addition can also disconnect in upper and lower two-layer silicon-oxy tetrahedron between active oxygen
Key and, and with upper and lower two-layer active oxygen regenerate key and, and key and also have between bivalent rare earth ion and active oxygen
Certain pliability, can extend to shrink, therefore can play a part of to adjust base substrate dewatering speed so that in base substrate
Outer dehydration is synchronous, and then hardness is consistent inside and outside base substrate, and collapsing so as to avoiding occur in the demoulding soft defect and follow-up dries
With the cracking defect occurred in sintering procedure.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is further elaborated for specific examples below, but not as a limitation of the invention.
Embodiment 1
1) eastern mud and western mud are pressed 4：6 weight obtains Nixing pottery soil than mixing, to adding its weight in Nixing pottery soil
0.1% LuCl2, ground, press filtration, vacuum pugging, old series of process are made the mud that moisture content is 25%；
2) mud is injected in gypsum mold, by the moisture in mould absorption mud, when base substrate thickness reaches 10cm, row
Go out unnecessary mud, when base substrate moisture content drops to 18%, taken out from model, obtain Nixing pottery boughpot base substrate 200 (most
Major diameter is 60cm, is highly 1m).Wherein, intact base substrate 195,5 there is slight deformation.
Embodiment 2
1) eastern mud and western mud are pressed 6：4 weight obtains Nixing pottery soil than mixing, to adding its weight in Nixing pottery soil
1% LuCl2, ground, press filtration, vacuum pugging, old series of process are made the mud that moisture content is 28%；
2) mud is injected in gypsum mold, by the moisture in mould absorption mud, when base substrate thickness reaches 10cm, row
Go out unnecessary mud, when base substrate moisture content drops to 20%, taken out from model, obtain Nixing pottery boughpot base substrate 200 (most
Major diameter is 60cm, is highly 1m).Wherein, intact base substrate 198,2 there is slight deformation.
Comparative example
1) eastern mud and western mud are pressed 6：4 weight obtains Nixing pottery soil than mixing, ground, press filtration, vacuum pugging, old
Rotten series of process is made the mud that moisture content is 35%；
2) mud is injected in gypsum mold, by the moisture in mould absorption mud, when base substrate thickness reaches 10cm, row
Go out unnecessary mud, when base substrate moisture content drops to 20%, taken out from model, obtain Nixing pottery boughpot base substrate 200 (most
Major diameter is 60cm, is highly 1m).Wherein, intact base substrate 105,45 there is slight deformation, and 50 base substrates are collapsed.
Embodiment 3
1) eastern mud and western mud are pressed 5：5 weight obtains Nixing pottery soil than mixing, to adding its weight in Nixing pottery soil
0.5% LuCl2, ground, press filtration, vacuum pugging, old series of process are made the mud that moisture content is 26%；
2) mud is injected in gypsum mold, by the moisture in mould absorption mud, when base substrate thickness reaches 10cm, row
Go out unnecessary mud, when base substrate moisture content drops to 19%, taken out from model, obtain Nixing pottery boughpot base substrate 200 (most
Major diameter is 60cm, is highly 1m).Wherein, intact base substrate 192,8 there is slight deformation.
Embodiment 4
1) eastern mud and western mud are pressed 6：4 weight obtains Nixing pottery soil than mixing, to adding its weight in Nixing pottery soil
0.1% LuCl2, ground, press filtration, vacuum pugging, old series of process are made the mud that moisture content is 28%；
2) mud is injected in gypsum mold, by the moisture in mould absorption mud, when base substrate thickness reaches 10cm, row
Go out unnecessary mud, when base substrate moisture content drops to 18%, taken out from model, obtain Nixing pottery boughpot base substrate 200 (most
Major diameter is 60cm, is highly 1m).Wherein, intact base substrate 194,6 there is slight deformation.
Intact base substrate 100 is respectively picked out in the base substrate made from embodiment 1~4 and comparative example, is sent into after drying in the shade naturally
Kiln is fired, and kiln in-furnace temperature first is risen into 450 DEG C to raise 80 DEG C of programming rate per hour, then to raise per hour
140 DEG C of programming rate is warming up to 1200 DEG C, and after being incubated firing 2h, stops heating, after cooling kiln discharge.Statistics each group is burnt till
Rate see the table below.
Claims (5)
1. the slip-casting shaping process of the large-scale vessel of Nixing pottery, it is characterised in that：Comprise the following steps：
1) to the LuCl that its weight 0.1~1% is mixed into Nixing pottery soil2, it is made mud；
2) mud is injected in gypsum mold, the demoulding obtains large-scale Nixing pottery base substrate.
2. the slip-casting shaping process of the large-scale vessel of Nixing pottery according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step 1) in, mud
Emerging potter's clay is made up of eastern mud and western mud, and its weight ratio is 4~6：6~4.
3. the slip-casting shaping process of the large-scale vessel of Nixing pottery according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：Eastern mud and western mud
Weight ratio is 6：4.
4. the slip-casting shaping process of the large-scale vessel of Nixing pottery according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step 1) in, institute
The moisture content for stating mud is 25~28%.
5. the slip-casting shaping process of the large-scale vessel of Nixing pottery according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step 2) in, take off
During mould, the moisture content of base substrate is 18~20%.
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