CN106745744B - Sewage treatment method and sewage treatment system - Google Patents

Sewage treatment method and sewage treatment system Download PDF

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CN106745744B
CN106745744B CN201611267279.5A CN201611267279A CN106745744B CN 106745744 B CN106745744 B CN 106745744B CN 201611267279 A CN201611267279 A CN 201611267279A CN 106745744 B CN106745744 B CN 106745744B
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CN106745744A (en
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宋岱峰
严善明
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Sichuan Meiyuan Water Cube Technology Co.,Ltd.
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/30Aerobic and anaerobic processes
    • C02F3/302Nitrification and denitrification treatment
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F9/00Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/30Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation
    • C02F1/32Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation with ultraviolet light
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/52Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/58Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by removing specified dissolved compounds
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/10Inorganic compounds
    • C02F2101/105Phosphorus compounds
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/10Inorganic compounds
    • C02F2101/16Nitrogen compounds, e.g. ammonia

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Abstract

The invention discloses a sewage treatment method and a sewage treatment system for removing nitrogen and having a good nitrate nitrogen removal effect. The method comprises the following operations: dividing sewage to be treated into a first water body and a second water body; secondly, introducing the first water body into an aerobic denitrification device for carrying out first denitrification treatment aiming at removing ammonia nitrogen, and then leading out a third water body containing nitrate nitrogen generated by the first denitrification treatment from the aerobic denitrification device; and thirdly, respectively introducing and mixing the second water body and the third water body in an anaerobic denitrification device to perform second denitrification treatment aiming at nitrate nitrogen removal, and then leading out a fourth water body subjected to the second denitrification treatment from the anaerobic denitrification device.

Description

污水处理方法及污水处理系统Sewage treatment method and sewage treatment system

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及一种污水处理方法及系统,尤其涉及一种城镇生活污水处理方法及系统。The present invention relates to a sewage treatment method and system, in particular to a method and system for urban domestic sewage treatment.

背景技术Background technique

目前,城镇生活污水的处理方法普遍采用厌氧、好氧、缺氧、好氧的处理流程。如中国专利文献CN101423294A所公开的污水处理方法即属于此类方法。At present, anaerobic, aerobic, anoxic and aerobic treatment processes are commonly used in the treatment of urban domestic sewage. The sewage treatment method disclosed in Chinese patent document CN101423294A belongs to this kind of method.

该类方法处理后的目标水体一般能够达到COD≤50mg/L、BOD5≤10mg/L、氨氮≤5(8)mg/L、总氮≤15mg/L、总磷≤0.5mg/L、SS≤15mg/L的排放标准;但是,目标水体中总氮和总磷的浓度一般较为接近排放标准所规定的上限;并且,目标水体中的总氮一般多为硝态氮。The target water treated by this method can generally reach COD≤50mg/L, BOD5≤10mg/L, ammonia nitrogen≤5(8)mg/L, total nitrogen≤15mg/L, total phosphorus≤0.5mg/L, SS≤ However, the concentration of total nitrogen and total phosphorus in the target water body is generally close to the upper limit specified by the discharge standard; and the total nitrogen in the target water body is generally nitrate nitrogen.

尽管因上述方法能够达到排放标准而使本领域较为忽视对显著改善总氮、总磷去除效果的技术方案的研究,但本申请的发明人还是意识到开发效果更好的污水处理技术的重要性,以满足提高污染物排放指标的现实紧迫性。Although the research on technical solutions to significantly improve the removal effect of total nitrogen and total phosphorus has been neglected in the art because the above methods can meet the discharge standards, the inventor of the present application is still aware of the importance of developing a sewage treatment technology with better effect , in order to meet the practical urgency of raising pollutant emission targets.

发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

本发明所要解决的技术问题在于提供一种用于除氮并且除硝态氮效果较好的污水处理方法以及污水处理系统。The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a sewage treatment method and a sewage treatment system for removing nitrogen and removing nitrate nitrogen with better effect.

本发明的污水处理方法,包括以下操作:The sewage treatment method of the present invention comprises the following operations:

一、将待处理污水分流为第一水体和第二水体;1. Divide the sewage to be treated into the first water body and the second water body;

二、将第一水体引入好氧除氮装置中进行目标包括除氨氮的第一除氮处理,然后从该好氧除氮装置引出含有经第一除氮处理产生的硝态氮的第三水体;2. Introduce the first water body into the aerobic nitrogen removal device to carry out the first nitrogen removal treatment whose target includes the removal of ammonia nitrogen, and then draw out the third water body containing nitrate nitrogen produced by the first nitrogen removal treatment from the aerobic nitrogen removal device ;

三、分别将第二水体与第三水体引入并混合在厌氧除氮装置中进行目标包括除硝态氮的第二除氮处理,然后从该厌氧除氮装置引出经第二除氮处理后的第四水体。3. The second water body and the third water body are respectively introduced and mixed in the anaerobic nitrogen removal device to carry out the second nitrogen removal treatment whose target includes the removal of nitrite nitrogen, and then the second water removal treatment is carried out from the anaerobic nitrogen removal device. After the fourth body of water.

上述方法的技术构思源于发明人对背景技术中描述的现有污水处理方法除氮效果欠佳的原因的具体分析和基于分析结论所作出的有针对性的技术创新。The technical idea of the above method is derived from the specific analysis of the reasons for the poor nitrogen removal effect of the existing sewage treatment methods described in the background art and the targeted technical innovation made based on the analysis conclusions.

由于排放标准对于目标水体中总氮和氨氮的浓度均有要求,对于采用厌氧、好氧、缺氧、好氧的处理流程或与其类似的处理流程的污水处理方法,氨氮主要在前端的好氧段通过硝化作用转化为硝态氮而得以去除;总氮(包括硝态氮)则主要在该好氧段后续的缺氧段通过反硝化作用去除。反硝化作用的原理在于:通过反硝化菌在溶解氧浓度极低或缺氧情况下利用硝酸盐中氮作为电子受体,氧化有机物,从而将硝酸盐中的氮还原成氮气。因此,反硝化作用需要一定浓度的COD作为反硝化反应的碳源。然而,由于缺氧段之前的厌氧段和好氧段已经消耗了污水中大量的COD,导致缺氧段因缺少碳源进而影响了反硝化效果,因此,采用厌氧、好氧、缺氧、好氧的处理流程或与其类似的处理流程的污水处理方法往往对总氮的去除效果欠佳。Since the emission standards have requirements for the concentration of total nitrogen and ammonia nitrogen in the target water body, for sewage treatment methods using anaerobic, aerobic, anoxic, aerobic treatment processes or similar treatment processes, ammonia nitrogen is mainly at the front end. The oxygen section is converted into nitrate nitrogen by nitrification and removed; total nitrogen (including nitrate nitrogen) is mainly removed by denitrification in the anoxic section following the aerobic section. The principle of denitrification is that denitrifying bacteria use nitrogen in nitrate as an electron acceptor under the condition of extremely low dissolved oxygen concentration or hypoxia to oxidize organic matter, thereby reducing nitrogen in nitrate to nitrogen. Therefore, denitrification requires a certain concentration of COD as a carbon source for denitrification. However, since the anaerobic and aerobic sections before the anoxic section have consumed a large amount of COD in the sewage, the denitrification effect is affected by the lack of carbon sources in the anoxic section. , aerobic treatment process or sewage treatment methods similar to it are often not effective in removing total nitrogen.

本发明的上述污水处理方法首先将待处理污水分流为第一水体和第二水体,然后将第一水体引入好氧除氮装置中进行目标包括除氨氮的第一除氮处理,在好氧条件下氨氮通过硝化作用转化为硝态氮而得以去除,同时第一水体中的大量COD被氧化去除;此后,第三水体进入厌氧除氮装置中,此外,进入厌氧除氮装置中的还有从待处理污水中分流出的第二水体。由于第二水体来源于待处理污水并保留了较高浓度的COD,故第二水体与第三水体混合后的COD浓度高于第三水体的COD浓度,因此,在进行目标包括除硝态氮的第二除氮处理时碳源得到更好的保障,通过反硝化作用可有效的去除水中的硝态氮。The above-mentioned sewage treatment method of the present invention first divides the sewage to be treated into a first water body and a second water body, and then introduces the first water body into the aerobic nitrogen removal device for the first nitrogen removal treatment whose target includes removing ammonia nitrogen. The lower ammonia nitrogen is converted into nitrate nitrogen by nitrification and removed, and a large amount of COD in the first water body is oxidized and removed; after that, the third water body enters the anaerobic nitrogen removal device, and in addition, enters the anaerobic nitrogen removal device. There is a second body of water that is diverted from the sewage to be treated. Since the second water body is derived from the sewage to be treated and retains a higher concentration of COD, the COD concentration of the second water body after mixing with the third water body is higher than the COD concentration of the third water body. In the second nitrogen removal treatment, the carbon source is better guaranteed, and the nitrate nitrogen in the water can be effectively removed through denitrification.

本发明的上述污水处理方法还可以包括以下操作:四、将所述第四水体引回好氧除氮装置;以及五、从好氧除氮装置引出作为目标水体来源的第五水体。由此,第五水体中氨氮和总氮的浓度均可得以到更有效的控制。The above-mentioned sewage treatment method of the present invention may further include the following operations: 4. leading the fourth water body back to the aerobic nitrogen removal device; and 5. extracting the fifth water body as the source of the target water body from the aerobic nitrogen removal device. Therefore, the concentrations of ammonia nitrogen and total nitrogen in the fifth water body can be controlled more effectively.

本发明的污水处理系统,包括:The sewage treatment system of the present invention includes:

待处理污水分流调控装置,所述待处理污水分流调控装置具有第一水体输出口和第二水体输出口;a sewage diversion control device to be treated, the sewage diversion control device to be treated has a first water body output port and a second water body output port;

好氧MBR装置,所述好氧MBR装置上设置有原水侧第一输入口、原水侧第二输入口、原水侧第一输出口和净水侧第一输出口;以及an aerobic MBR device, the aerobic MBR device is provided with a first input port on the raw water side, a second input port on the raw water side, a first output port on the raw water side and a first output port on the purified water side; and

厌氧除氮装置,所述厌氧除氮装置具有待处理水体第一输入口、待处理水体第二输入口和已处理水体第一输出口;An anaerobic nitrogen removal device, the anaerobic nitrogen removal device has a first input port for the water body to be treated, a second input port for the water body to be treated, and a first output port for the treated water body;

其中,所述第一水体输出口与原水侧第一输入口连接,第二水体输出口与待处理水体第一输入口连接,原水侧第二输入口与已处理水体第一输出口连接,原水侧第一输出口与待处理水体第二输入口连接,并且,原水侧第一输出口与待处理水体第二输入口之间形成的引流通道上还设置有流量调节装置。Wherein, the first water body output port is connected to the first input port of the raw water side, the second water body output port is connected to the first input port of the water body to be treated, the second input port of the raw water body is connected to the first output port of the treated water body, and the raw water body is connected to the first output port of the treated water body. The side first output port is connected with the second input port of the water body to be treated, and a flow regulating device is also provided on the drainage channel formed between the first output port of the raw water side and the second input port of the water body to be treated.

上述系统运行时,待处理污水在分流调控装置的控制下分流为第一水体和第二水体并分别以被调节的目标流量从第一水体输出口和第二水体输出口流出;第一水体而后从原水侧第一输入口进入好氧MBR装置的原水侧(即过滤膜的待过滤液体一侧),在好氧条件下对COD、BOD和氨氮进行有效去除,其中氨氮通过硝化作用转化为硝态氮得以去除;从好氧MBR装置的原水侧第一输出口流出的第三水体以被调节的目标流量从待处理水体第二输入口进入厌氧除氮装置中,此外,进入厌氧除氮装置中的还有从待处理水体第一输入口流入的第二水体,由于第二水体来源于待处理污水并保留了较高浓度的COD,故第二水体与第三水体混合后的COD浓度高于第三水体的COD浓度,由于碳源得到更好的保障,因此,在厌氧除氮装置中可通过反硝化作用有效的去除水中的硝态氮;从已处理水体第一输出口流出的第四水体通过原水侧第二输入口回到好氧MBR装置的原水侧,好氧MBR装置的原水侧的污水经过好氧MBR装置的处理后,最后从好氧MBR装置的净水侧(即过滤膜的已过滤液体一侧)的净水侧第一输出口流出作为目标水体来源的第五水体。When the above system is running, the sewage to be treated is divided into a first water body and a second water body under the control of the diversion regulating device, and flows out from the first water body output port and the second water body output port at the adjusted target flow rate respectively; Enter the raw water side of the aerobic MBR device from the first input port on the raw water side (that is, the liquid side of the filter membrane to be filtered), and effectively remove COD, BOD and ammonia nitrogen under aerobic conditions, wherein ammonia nitrogen is converted into nitrate through nitrification. The state nitrogen is removed; the third water body flowing out from the first output port of the raw water side of the aerobic MBR device enters the anaerobic nitrogen removal device from the second input port of the water body to be treated at the adjusted target flow rate, and in addition, enters the anaerobic nitrogen removal device. In the nitrogen device, there is also a second water body flowing in from the first input port of the water body to be treated. Since the second water body comes from the sewage to be treated and retains a higher concentration of COD, the COD after the second water body and the third water body are mixed. The concentration is higher than the COD concentration of the third water body. Since the carbon source is better guaranteed, the nitrate nitrogen in the water can be effectively removed by denitrification in the anaerobic nitrogen removal device; from the first output port of the treated water body The outflowing fourth water body returns to the raw water side of the aerobic MBR device through the second input port on the raw water side. The first output port on the purified water side (that is, the filtered liquid side of the filter membrane) flows out of the fifth water body as the source of the target water body.

通过上述系统产生的第五水体中氨氮和总氮的浓度均可得以到有效的控制。The concentrations of ammonia nitrogen and total nitrogen in the fifth water body produced by the above system can be effectively controlled.

下面将结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明做进一步的说明。本发明附加的方面和优点将在下面的描述中部分给出,部分将从下面的描述中变得明显,或通过本发明的实践了解到。The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be set forth, in part, from the following description, and in part will be apparent from the following description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1为本发明的一种污水处理系统的结构示意图。FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a sewage treatment system of the present invention.

图2为本发明另一种污水处理系统的结构示意图。FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of another sewage treatment system of the present invention.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

首先对申请中涉及的相关技术术语进行说明。“COD”指化学需氧量,表示水中有机物等还原性物质多少的一个综合指示;“BOD5”指5天生化需氧量,表示水中有机物等需氧污染物质多少的一个综合指标;“TP”指总磷;“SS”指悬浮物;“MBR”指膜生物反应器。First, the related technical terms involved in the application are explained. "COD" refers to chemical oxygen demand, a comprehensive indicator of the amount of reducing substances such as organic matter in water; "BOD5" refers to chemical oxygen demand for 5 days, a comprehensive indicator of the amount of oxygen-demanding pollutants such as organic matter in water; "TP" refers to total phosphorus; "SS" refers to suspended solids; "MBR" refers to membrane bioreactor.

如图1所示的污水处理系统,其包括用于去除污水中固体杂质的第一预处理装置100、用于去除污水总磷的第二预处理装置200、好氧除氮装置300、厌氧除氮装置400、消毒处理装置500以及待处理污水分流调控装置700。As shown in FIG. 1, the sewage treatment system includes a first pretreatment device 100 for removing solid impurities in sewage, a second pretreatment device 200 for removing total phosphorus in sewage, aerobic nitrogen removal device 300, and anaerobic denitrification device 300. The nitrogen removal device 400 , the disinfection treatment device 500 , and the to-be-treated sewage diversion control device 700 .

其中,第一预处理装置100采用了格栅池加沉沙池的组合形式,第二预处理装置200采用了对污水实施化学除磷法除总磷的除磷池,好氧除氮装置300采用了好氧MBR装置310,厌氧除氮装置400采用了厌氧除氮池,消毒处理装置500采用了紫外消毒池。Among them, the first pretreatment device 100 adopts the combined form of grid tank and sedimentation tank, the second pretreatment device 200 adopts a phosphorus removal tank for removing total phosphorus by chemical phosphorus removal method on sewage, and the aerobic nitrogen removal device 300 The aerobic MBR device 310 is used, the anaerobic nitrogen removal device 400 uses an anaerobic nitrogen removal tank, and the disinfection treatment device 500 uses an ultraviolet disinfection tank.

当然,格栅池加沉沙池的组合形式仅仅是第一预处理装置100的一种常规的选择而已,其中格栅池的作用是拦截水中漂浮垃圾,沉沙池作用沉淀污水中泥沙。容易遇到的是第一预处理装置100还可选择采用其他适宜的设备如陶瓷过滤器等来去除污水中的固体杂质。同理,第二预处理装置200等设备也可由其他的具有相同或类似功能的设备加以替代。Of course, the combination form of the grid tank and the sand settling tank is only a conventional choice of the first pretreatment device 100 , wherein the role of the grid tank is to intercept floating garbage in the water, and the role of the sand settling tank is to settle the sediment in the sewage. It is easy to encounter that the first pretreatment device 100 may optionally adopt other suitable equipment such as ceramic filters to remove solid impurities in the sewage. Similarly, devices such as the second preprocessing device 200 can also be replaced by other devices having the same or similar functions.

上述的分流调控装置700包括分别与除磷池的出水口连接从而将除磷池流出的待处理污水分别引入好氧除氮装置300和厌氧除氮装置400的管道以及设置在各管道上的控制阀。通过该分流调控装置700能够将来自除磷池的待处理污水分流为流量可控的用于引向好氧除氮装置300的第一水体和用于引向厌氧除氮装置400的第二水体并分别从该分流调控装置700的第一水体输出口和第二水体输出口流出。The above-mentioned shunt control device 700 includes pipes that are respectively connected with the water outlet of the phosphorus removal pond to introduce the sewage to be treated out of the phosphorus removal pond into the aerobic nitrogen removal device 300 and the anaerobic nitrogen removal device 400 respectively, and the pipes arranged on each pipeline. Control valve. Through the diversion control device 700 , the sewage to be treated from the phosphorus removal tank can be diverted into a first water body with controllable flow that is led to the aerobic nitrogen removal device 300 and a second water body that is led to the anaerobic nitrogen removal device 400 . The water body flows out from the first water body output port and the second water body output port of the diversion regulating device 700 respectively.

上述的好氧MBR装置310上设置有原水侧第一输入口、原水侧第二输入口、原水侧第一输出口和净水侧第一输出口;厌氧除氮装置400具有待处理水体第一输入口、待处理水体第二输入口和已处理水体第一输出口。The above-mentioned aerobic MBR device 310 is provided with a first input port on the raw water side, a second input port on the raw water side, a first output port on the raw water side, and a first output port on the purified water side; An input port, a second input port for the water body to be treated and a first output port for the treated water body.

所述分流调控装置700的第一水体输出口与好氧MBR装置310的原水侧第一输入口连接,分流调控装置700的第二水体输出口与厌氧除氮装置400的待处理水体第一输入口连接;好氧MBR装置310的原水侧第二输入口与厌氧除氮装置400的已处理水体第一输出口连接;好氧MBR装置310的原水侧第一输出口与厌氧除氮装置400的待处理水体第二输入口连接,并且,原水侧第一输出口与待处理水体第二输入口之间形成的引流通道上还设置有流量调节装置。此外,好氧MBR装置310的净水侧第一输出口与紫外消毒池连接。The first water body output port of the diversion control device 700 is connected to the first input port of the raw water side of the aerobic MBR device 310, and the second water body output port of the diversion control device 700 is connected to the first water body to be treated of the anaerobic nitrogen removal device 400. The input port is connected; the second input port of the raw water side of the aerobic MBR device 310 is connected to the first output port of the treated water body of the anaerobic nitrogen removal device 400; the first output port of the raw water side of the aerobic MBR device 310 is connected to the anaerobic nitrogen removal device. The second input port of the water body to be treated of the device 400 is connected, and a flow regulating device is also provided on the drainage channel formed between the first output port on the raw water side and the second input port of the water body to be treated. In addition, the first output port on the water purification side of the aerobic MBR device 310 is connected to the ultraviolet disinfection tank.

使用图1所示的污水处理系统的污水处理方法,其步骤为:Using the sewage treatment method of the sewage treatment system shown in Figure 1, the steps are:

1)将污水通过格栅池和沉沙池进行去除污水中固体杂质的第一预处理操作;1) carry out the first pretreatment operation of removing solid impurities in the sewage through the grid tank and the sedimentation tank;

2)将除去固体杂质的污水引入除磷池进行去除污水总磷的第二预处理操作,第二预处理操作采用化学除磷法,即通过向污水中投加除磷剂并在特定反应条件下使除磷剂均匀混合在污水中进行化学反应除磷,可达到较高的除磷率;2) The second pretreatment operation of removing the total phosphorus in the sewage is carried out by introducing the sewage with the solid impurities removed into the phosphorus removal tank. The phosphorus removal agent is evenly mixed in the sewage to carry out chemical reaction to remove phosphorus, which can achieve a higher phosphorus removal rate;

3)通过分流调控装置700将除磷池中经过除磷处理后的待处理污水分流为第一水体和第二水体并分别以被调节的目标流量从分流调控装置700的第一水体输出口和第二水体输出口流出;3) The sewage to be treated after the phosphorus removal treatment in the phosphorus removal tank is divided into a first water body and a second water body by the diversion control device 700, and the first water body output port and Outflow from the second water body outlet;

4)第一水体从原水侧第一输入口进入好氧MBR装置310的原水侧,在好氧条件下对COD、BOD和氨氮进行有效去除,其中氨氮通过硝化作用转化为硝态氮得以去除(即第一除氮处理),然后从该好氧MBR装置310的原水侧第一输出口引出含有经第一除氮处理产生的硝态氮的第三水体;4) the first water body enters the raw water side of the aerobic MBR device 310 from the first input port of the raw water side, and effectively removes COD, BOD and ammonia nitrogen under aerobic conditions, wherein ammonia nitrogen is converted into nitrate nitrogen by nitrification and removed ( That is, the first denitrification treatment), and then the third water body containing nitrate nitrogen produced by the first denitrification treatment is drawn from the first output port of the raw water side of the aerobic MBR device 310;

5)第三水体以被调节的目标流量从待处理水体第二输入口进入厌氧除氮装置400(厌氧除氮池)中,此外,进入厌氧除氮装置400中的还有从待处理水体第一输入口流入的第二水体,由于第二水体来源于待处理污水并保留了较高浓度的COD,故第二水体与第三水体混合后的COD浓度较第三水体的COD浓度有所提高,因此,在厌氧除氮装置400中可通过反硝化作用有效的去除水中的硝态氮(即第二除氮处理),然后从该厌氧除氮装置400的已处理水体第一输出口引出经第二除氮处理后的第四水体;5) The third water body enters the anaerobic nitrogen removal device 400 (anaerobic nitrogen removal tank) from the second input port of the water body to be treated at the adjusted target flow rate. The second water body that flows into the first input port of the treated water body, because the second water body comes from the sewage to be treated and retains a higher concentration of COD, the COD concentration of the second water body after mixing with the third water body is higher than that of the third water body. Therefore, in the anaerobic nitrogen removal device 400, the nitrate nitrogen in the water can be effectively removed by denitrification (ie, the second nitrogen removal treatment), and then the second nitrogen removal from the treated water body of the anaerobic nitrogen removal device 400 can be used. An output port leads out the fourth water body after the second nitrogen removal treatment;

6)第四水体通过原水侧第二输入口回到好氧MBR装置310的原水侧,好氧MBR装置310的原水侧的污水经过好氧MBR装置310的处理后,最后从好氧MBR装置310的净水侧的净水侧第一输出口流出第五水体;6) The fourth water body returns to the raw water side of the aerobic MBR device 310 through the second input port on the raw water side. The first output port of the purified water side of the purified water side flows out of the fifth water body;

7)将所述第五水体引入紫外消毒池进行消毒杀菌后得到目标水体。7) The target water body is obtained after the fifth water body is introduced into an ultraviolet disinfection tank for disinfection and sterilization.

上述污水处理方法的步骤1)中,第一水体的流量与待处理污水流量之比为分流比,该分流比一般为50%-90%,如60%、70%、80%等。此外,步骤3)中引出的第三水体的流量与第一水体的流量之比为回流比,该回流比为一般为30%-100%,如40%、50%、60%、70%、80%、90%等。In step 1) of the above sewage treatment method, the ratio of the flow rate of the first water body to the flow rate of the sewage to be treated is a split ratio, which is generally 50%-90%, such as 60%, 70%, 80%, and the like. In addition, the ratio of the flow rate of the third water body to the flow rate of the first water body drawn in step 3) is the reflux ratio, and the reflux ratio is generally 30%-100%, such as 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, etc.

上述污水处理方法的一个重要的特点在于可根据待处理污水或第一水体的情况灵活调整分流比和回流比。若待处理污水或第一水体的COD值较高,可减小分流比,使第一水体的流量减小而第二水体的流量相对变大,更多的利用厌氧除氮池厌氧去除大量COD,从而减少好氧MBR装置301的负荷;反之,当COD值较低,可增大分流比。若待处理污水或第一水体的氨氮、总氮值较低,可减少回流比,从而加快污水处理效率;反之,若待处理污水或第一水体的氨氮、总氮值较高,可增大回流比。An important feature of the above sewage treatment method is that the diversion ratio and the return ratio can be flexibly adjusted according to the situation of the sewage to be treated or the first water body. If the COD value of the sewage to be treated or the first water body is high, the diversion ratio can be reduced, so that the flow rate of the first water body is reduced and the flow rate of the second water body is relatively large. A large amount of COD can reduce the load of the aerobic MBR device 301; on the contrary, when the COD value is low, the split ratio can be increased. If the ammonia nitrogen and total nitrogen values of the sewage to be treated or the first water body are low, the reflux ratio can be reduced to speed up the sewage treatment efficiency; on the contrary, if the ammonia nitrogen and total nitrogen values of the sewage to be treated or the first water body are high, it can be increased Reflux ratio.

通过实验表明,当操作一中待处理污水或第一水体的COD值高于250mg/L时,分流比设定为50%-60%为宜,从而更好的利用厌氧除氮池厌氧去除大量COD。而操作一中待处理污水或第一水体的COD值低于250mg/L时,分流比设定为60%-90%为宜。Experiments show that when the COD value of the sewage to be treated or the first water body in operation one is higher than 250mg/L, it is appropriate to set the diversion ratio to 50%-60%, so as to better utilize the anaerobic anaerobic nitrogen removal tank. Remove a lot of COD. In operation 1, when the COD value of the sewage to be treated or the first water body is lower than 250 mg/L, it is appropriate to set the diversion ratio to 60%-90%.

当待处理污水或第一水体的氨氮值低于25mg/L且总氮值低于60mg/L时,回流比为30%-60%为宜,从而达到较高的污水处理效率。当待处理污水或第一水体的氨氮值高于25mg/L或总氮值高于60mg/L时,回流比一般为60%-90%。When the ammonia nitrogen value of the sewage to be treated or the first water body is lower than 25mg/L and the total nitrogen value is lower than 60mg/L, the reflux ratio is preferably 30%-60%, so as to achieve higher sewage treatment efficiency. When the ammonia nitrogen value of the sewage to be treated or the first water body is higher than 25mg/L or the total nitrogen value is higher than 60mg/L, the reflux ratio is generally 60%-90%.

如图2所示的污水处理系统,其包括用于去除污水中固体杂质的第一预处理装置100、用于去除污水总磷的第二预处理装置200、好氧除氮装置300、厌氧除氮装置400、消毒处理装置500、待处理污水分流调控装置700以及好氧MBR装置600。The sewage treatment system shown in FIG. 2 includes a first pretreatment device 100 for removing solid impurities in sewage, a second pretreatment device 200 for removing total phosphorus in sewage, an aerobic nitrogen removal device 300, and an anaerobic denitrification device 300. A nitrogen removal device 400 , a disinfection treatment device 500 , a sewage diversion control device 700 to be treated, and an aerobic MBR device 600 .

其中,第一预处理装置100采用了格栅池加沉沙池的组合形式,第二预处理装置200采用了对污水实施化学除磷法除总磷的除磷池,好氧除氮装置300采用了好氧MBR装置310,厌氧除氮装置400采用了厌氧除氮池,消毒处理装置500采用了紫外消毒池。Among them, the first pretreatment device 100 adopts the combined form of grid tank and sedimentation tank, the second pretreatment device 200 adopts a phosphorus removal tank for removing total phosphorus by chemical phosphorus removal method on sewage, and the aerobic nitrogen removal device 300 The aerobic MBR device 310 is used, the anaerobic nitrogen removal device 400 uses an anaerobic nitrogen removal tank, and the disinfection treatment device 500 uses an ultraviolet disinfection tank.

上述的分流调控装置700包括分别与除磷池的出水口连接从而将除磷池流出的待处理污水分别引入好氧除氮装置300和厌氧除氮装置400的管道以及设置在各管道上的控制阀。通过该分流调控装置700能够将来自除磷池的待处理污水分流为流量可控的用于引向好氧除氮装置300的第一水体和用于引向厌氧除氮装置400的第二水体并分别从该分流调控装置700的第一水体输出口和第二水体输出口流出。The above-mentioned shunt control device 700 includes pipes that are respectively connected with the water outlet of the phosphorus removal pond to introduce the sewage to be treated out of the phosphorus removal pond into the aerobic nitrogen removal device 300 and the anaerobic nitrogen removal device 400 respectively, and the pipes arranged on each pipeline. Control valve. Through the diversion control device 700 , the sewage to be treated from the phosphorus removal tank can be diverted into a first water body with controllable flow that is led to the aerobic nitrogen removal device 300 and a second water body that is led to the anaerobic nitrogen removal device 400 . The water body flows out from the first water body output port and the second water body output port of the diversion regulating device 700 respectively.

上述的好氧MBR装置310上设置有原水侧第一输入口和净水侧第一输出口;厌氧除氮装置400具有待处理水体第一输入口、待处理水体第二输入口和已处理水体第一输出口;好氧MBR装置600上设置有原水侧第一输入口和净水侧第一输出口。The above-mentioned aerobic MBR device 310 is provided with a first input port on the raw water side and a first output port on the purified water side; the anaerobic denitrification device 400 has a first input port for water to be treated, a second input for water to be treated The first output port of the water body; the aerobic MBR device 600 is provided with a first input port on the raw water side and a first output port on the purified water side.

所述分流调控装置700的第一水体输出口与好氧MBR装置310的原水侧第一输入口连接,分流调控装置700的第二水体输出口与厌氧除氮装置400的待处理水体第一输入口连接;好氧MBR装置310的的原水侧第一输出口与厌氧除氮装置400的待处理水体第二输入口连接;厌氧除氮装置400的已处理水体第一输出口与好氧MBR装置600的原水侧第一输入口连接。此外,好氧MBR装置600的净水侧第一输出口与紫外消毒池连接。The first water body output port of the diversion control device 700 is connected to the first input port of the raw water side of the aerobic MBR device 310, and the second water body output port of the diversion control device 700 is connected to the first water body to be treated of the anaerobic nitrogen removal device 400. The input port is connected; the first output port of the raw water side of the aerobic MBR device 310 is connected to the second input port of the water body to be treated of the anaerobic nitrogen removal device 400; the first output port of the treated water body of the anaerobic nitrogen removal device 400 is connected to the The first input port on the raw water side of the oxygen MBR device 600 is connected. In addition, the first output port on the water purification side of the aerobic MBR device 600 is connected to the ultraviolet disinfection tank.

使用图1所示的污水处理系统的污水处理方法,其步骤为:Using the sewage treatment method of the sewage treatment system shown in Figure 1, the steps are:

1)将污水通过格栅池和沉沙池进行去除污水中固体杂质的第一预处理操作;1) carry out the first pretreatment operation of removing solid impurities in the sewage through the grid tank and the sedimentation tank;

2)将除去固体悬浮物的污水引入除磷池进行去除污水总磷的第二预处理操作,第二预处理操作采用化学除磷法,即通过向污水中投加除磷剂并在特定反应条件下使除磷剂均匀混合在污水中进行化学反应除磷,可达到较高的除磷率;2) The second pretreatment operation of removing the total phosphorus in the sewage is carried out by introducing the sewage from which the suspended solids are removed into the phosphorus removal tank. The phosphorus removal agent is evenly mixed in the sewage to carry out chemical reaction to remove phosphorus, which can achieve a higher phosphorus removal rate;

3)通过分流调控装置700将除磷池中经过除磷处理后的待处理污水分流为第一水体和第二水体并分别以被调节的目标流量从分流调控装置700的第一水体输出口和第二水体输出口流出;3) The sewage to be treated after the phosphorus removal treatment in the phosphorus removal tank is divided into a first water body and a second water body by the diversion control device 700, and the first water body output port and Outflow from the second water body outlet;

4)第一水体从原水侧第一输入口进入好氧MBR装置310的原水侧,在好氧条件下对COD、BOD和氨氮进行有效去除,其中氨氮通过硝化作用转化为硝态氮得以去除(即第一除氮处理),然后从该好氧MBR装置310的原水侧第一输出口引出含有经第一除氮处理产生的硝态氮的第三水体;4) the first water body enters the raw water side of the aerobic MBR device 310 from the first input port of the raw water side, and effectively removes COD, BOD and ammonia nitrogen under aerobic conditions, wherein ammonia nitrogen is converted into nitrate nitrogen by nitrification and removed ( That is, the first denitrification treatment), and then the third water body containing nitrate nitrogen produced by the first denitrification treatment is drawn from the first output port of the raw water side of the aerobic MBR device 310;

5)第三水体从待处理水体第二输入口进入厌氧除氮装置400(厌氧除氮池)中,此外,进入厌氧除氮装置400中的还有从待处理水体第一输入口流入的第二水体,由于第二水体来源于待处理污水并保留了较高浓度的COD,故第二水体与第三水体混合后的COD浓度较第三水体的COD浓度有所提高,因此,在厌氧除氮装置400中可通过反硝化作用有效的去除水中的硝态氮(即第二除氮处理),然后从该厌氧除氮装置400的已处理水体第一输出口引出经第二除氮处理后的第四水体;5) The third water body enters the anaerobic nitrogen removal device 400 (anaerobic nitrogen removal tank) from the second input port of the water body to be treated. In addition, the first input port of the water body to be treated is also entered into the anaerobic nitrogen removal device 400. The inflowing second water body, because the second water body is derived from the sewage to be treated and retains a relatively high concentration of COD, the COD concentration of the second water body after mixing with the third water body is higher than that of the third water body. Therefore, In the anaerobic nitrogen removal device 400, the nitrate nitrogen in the water can be effectively removed by denitrification (ie, the second nitrogen removal treatment), and then the treated water is led out from the first output port of the anaerobic nitrogen removal device 400 through the second nitrogen removal process. The fourth water body after nitrogen removal treatment;

6)第四水体进入好氧MBR装置600的原水侧,好氧MBR装置600的原水侧的污水经过好氧MBR装置310的处理后,最后从好氧MBR装置600的净水侧的净水侧第一输出口流出第五水体;6) The fourth water body enters the raw water side of the aerobic MBR device 600, and the sewage on the raw water side of the aerobic MBR device 600 is processed by the aerobic MBR device 310, and finally flows from the water purification side of the aerobic MBR device 600. The first outlet flows out of the fifth body of water;

7)将所述第五水体引入紫外消毒池进行消毒杀菌后得到目标水体。7) The target water body is obtained after the fifth water body is introduced into an ultraviolet disinfection tank for disinfection and sterilization.

实施例1Example 1

某城镇生活污水处理厂采用图1所示的污水处理系统。该厂的进厂水量100吨/h,水质指标COD:200mg/L,BOD5:80mg/L,氨氮:20mg/L,总氮:50mg/L,TP:3mg/L,SS:100mg/L。污水流经格栅池,格栅机拦截掉漂浮垃圾,污水在沉淀池中除去泥沙后,由提升泵提升进除磷池,除磷池投加50KG干粉除磷剂(采用江西汇海环保科技有限公司生产的JX-305除磷剂,除磷剂按干粉与水比例万分之二直接投入除磷池,除磷池搅拌器运行,使除磷剂在水中充分溶解,除磷剂与水充分反应,即可去除TP),TP去除率可达90%以上,除磷池出水TP≤0.3mg/L,由于进水COD较高,除磷池出水70%进入好氧MBR池,30%进入厌氧除氮池,好氧MBR装置至厌氧除氮池回流量可控制在30吨/h。厌氧除氮池可厌氧消解COD和反硝化去除总氮,厌氧去除COD效率可达60%以上,处理后的低浓度污水再进入好氧MBR装置减轻了好氧MBR装置的处理负荷。厌氧除氮池中,硝态氮在反硝化细菌的作用下结合有机物,对总氮能有很好的去除效果,去除效果可达80%以上,能保证出水总氮指标10mg/L以下。好氧MBR装置有风机提供曝气,好氧状态下对COD、BOD和氨氮有很好的去除率,氨氮被氧化成亚硝酸盐和硝酸盐。好氧MBR装置通过MBR膜出水,COD去除率可达90%以上,氨氮去除率可达93%以上,BOD5可达到6mg/L以下,出水SS可达到3mg/L以下。污水经过系统处理后,到达紫外消毒池污水指标可达到COD≤30mg/L,BOD≤6mg/L,氨氮≤1.5mg/L,总氮≤10mg/L,TP≤0.3mg/L,SS≤3mg/L。An urban domestic sewage treatment plant adopts the sewage treatment system shown in Figure 1. The factory's incoming water volume is 100 tons/h, water quality indicators COD: 200mg/L, BOD5: 80mg/L, ammonia nitrogen: 20mg/L, total nitrogen: 50mg/L, TP: 3mg/L, SS: 100mg/L. The sewage flows through the grille tank, and the grille machine intercepts the floating garbage. After removing the sediment in the sedimentation tank, the sewage is lifted into the phosphorus removal tank by the lift pump, and 50KG of dry powder phosphorus removal agent (using Jiangxi Huihai Environmental Protection JX-305 Phosphorus Removal Agent produced by Science and Technology Co., Ltd. The phosphorus removal agent is directly put into the phosphorus removal tank according to the ratio of dry powder to water. The water can be fully reacted to remove TP), the TP removal rate can reach more than 90%, and the effluent TP of the phosphorus removal tank is less than or equal to 0.3mg/L. % enters the anaerobic nitrogen removal tank, and the return flow from the aerobic MBR device to the anaerobic nitrogen removal tank can be controlled at 30 tons/h. The anaerobic nitrogen removal tank can anaerobic digestion of COD and denitrification to remove total nitrogen, and the anaerobic removal efficiency of COD can reach more than 60%. In the anaerobic nitrogen removal tank, nitrate nitrogen combines with organic matter under the action of denitrifying bacteria, which has a good removal effect on total nitrogen. The aerobic MBR device has a fan to provide aeration. Under the aerobic state, it has a good removal rate of COD, BOD and ammonia nitrogen, and the ammonia nitrogen is oxidized into nitrite and nitrate. The aerobic MBR device passes through the MBR membrane, the COD removal rate can reach more than 90%, the ammonia nitrogen removal rate can reach more than 93%, the BOD5 can reach below 6mg/L, and the effluent SS can reach below 3mg/L. After the sewage is systematically treated, the sewage indicators reaching the ultraviolet disinfection tank can reach COD≤30mg/L, BOD≤6mg/L, ammonia nitrogen≤1.5mg/L, total nitrogen≤10mg/L, TP≤0.3mg/L, SS≤3mg /L.

Claims (9)

1.污水处理方法,其特征在于,包括以下操作:1. sewage treatment method, is characterized in that, comprises the following operations: 一、将待处理污水分流为第一水体和第二水体;1. Divide the sewage to be treated into the first water body and the second water body; 二、将第一水体引入好氧除氮装置(300)中进行目标包括除氨氮的第一除氮处理,然后从该好氧除氮装置(300)引出含有经第一除氮处理产生的硝态氮的第三水体;2. Introduce the first water body into the aerobic nitrogen removal device (300) to carry out the first nitrogen removal treatment whose target includes the removal of ammonia nitrogen, and then lead out the aerobic nitrogen removal device (300) from the aerobic nitrogen removal device (300). The third water body of nitrogen; 三、分别将第二水体与第三水体引入并混合在厌氧除氮装置(400)中进行目标包括除硝态氮的第二除氮处理,然后从该厌氧除氮装置(400)引出经第二除氮处理后的第四水体。3. The second water body and the third water body are respectively introduced and mixed in the anaerobic nitrogen removal device (400) to carry out the second nitrogen removal treatment whose target includes removing nitrite nitrogen, and then the anaerobic nitrogen removal device (400) is led out The fourth water body after the second nitrogen removal treatment. 四、将所述第四水体引回好氧除氮装置(300);以及4. Introducing the fourth body of water back to the aerobic nitrogen removal device (300); and 五、从好氧除氮装置(300)引出作为目标水体来源的第五水体。5. The fifth water body, which is the source of the target water body, is drawn from the aerobic nitrogen removal device (300). 2.如权利要求1所述的污水处理方法,其特征在于,所述的好氧除氮装置(300)为好氧MBR装置,则操作二是从该好氧MBR装置的原水侧引出所述第三水体,操作四是将所述第四水体引回好氧MBR装置的原水侧,操作五是从好氧MBR装置的净水侧引出第五水体。2. The sewage treatment method according to claim 1, wherein the aerobic denitrification device (300) is an aerobic MBR device, and the second operation is to extract the described aerobic MBR device from the raw water side of the aerobic MBR device. For the third water body, operation four is to lead the fourth water body back to the raw water side of the aerobic MBR device, and operation five is to lead the fifth water body from the water purification side of the aerobic MBR device. 3.如权利要求1所述的污水处理方法,其特征在于:包括预处理工艺,并将通过所述预处理工艺处理完成后的污水引出作为所述操作一中的待处理污水;该预处理工艺包括用于去除污水中固体杂质的第一预处理操作。3. The sewage treatment method according to claim 1, characterized in that: it comprises a pretreatment process, and the sewage treated by the pretreatment process is drawn out as the sewage to be treated in the first operation; the pretreatment The process includes a first pretreatment operation for removing solid impurities in the sewage. 4.如权利要求1所述的污水处理方法,其特征在于:包括预处理工艺,并将通过所述预处理工艺处理完成后的污水引出作为所述操作一中的待处理污水;该预处理工艺包括用于去除污水总磷的第二预处理操作。4. The sewage treatment method according to claim 1, characterized in that: it comprises a pretreatment process, and the sewage treated by the pretreatment process is drawn out as the sewage to be treated in the first operation; the pretreatment The process includes a second pretreatment operation for removing total phosphorus from the sewage. 5.如权利要求4所述的污水处理方法,其特征在于:所述第二预处理操作至少通过化学除磷法去除污水中的总磷。5 . The sewage treatment method according to claim 4 , wherein the second pretreatment operation at least removes the total phosphorus in the sewage by a chemical phosphorus removal method. 6 . 6.如权利要求1至5中任意一项权利要求所述的污水处理方法,其特征在于:所述操作一中第一水体的流量与待处理污水流量之比为分流比,则所述分流比为50%-90%。6. The sewage treatment method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein in the first operation, the ratio of the flow rate of the first water body to the flow rate of the sewage to be treated is a split ratio, then the split flow The ratio is 50%-90%. 7.如权利要求6所述的污水处理方法,其特征在于:所述操作二中引出的第三水体的流量与第一水体的流量之比为回流比,则所述回流比为30%-100%。7. The sewage treatment method according to claim 6, wherein the ratio of the flow rate of the third water body to the flow rate of the first water body drawn in the second operation is a reflux ratio, then the reflux ratio is 30%- 100%. 8.如权利要求7所述的污水处理方法,其特征在于:当操作一中待处理污水或第一水体的COD值高于250mg/L时,分流比为50%-60%;当待处理污水或第一水体的氨氮值低于25mg/L、总氮值低于60mg/L时,回流比为30%-60%。8. The sewage treatment method according to claim 7, characterized in that: when the COD value of the sewage to be treated or the first water body is higher than 250 mg/L in operation one, the diversion ratio is 50%-60%; When the ammonia nitrogen value of the sewage or the first water body is lower than 25mg/L and the total nitrogen value is lower than 60mg/L, the reflux ratio is 30%-60%. 9.污水处理系统,其特征在于,包括:待处理污水分流调控装置(700),所述分流调控装置(700)具有第一水体输出口和第二水体输出口;好氧MBR装置(310),所述好氧MBR装置(310)上设置有原水侧第一输入口、原水侧第二输入口、原水侧第一输出口和净水侧第一输出口;以及厌氧除氮装置(400),所述厌氧除氮装置(400)具有待处理水体第一输入口、待处理水体第二输入口和已处理水体第一输出口;其中,所述第一水体输出口与原水侧第一输入口连接,第二水体输出口与待处理水体第一输入口连接,原水侧第二输入口与已处理水体第一输出口连接,原水侧第一输出口与待处理水体第二输入口连接,并且,原水侧第一输出口与待处理水体第二输入口之间形成的引流通道上还设置有流量调节装置。9. A sewage treatment system, characterized in that it comprises: a sewage diversion regulating device (700) to be treated, the diversion regulating device (700) having a first water body outlet and a second water body outlet; an aerobic MBR device (310) , the aerobic MBR device (310) is provided with a first input port on the raw water side, a second input port on the raw water side, a first output port on the raw water side and a first output port on the purified water side; and an anaerobic nitrogen removal device (400 ), the anaerobic nitrogen removal device (400) has a first input port for the water body to be treated, a second input port for the water body to be treated, and a first output port for the treated water body; wherein, the first water body output port and the raw water side No. An input port is connected, the second water body output port is connected with the first input port of the water body to be treated, the second input port on the raw water side is connected with the first output port of the treated water body, and the first output port on the raw water side is connected with the second input port of the water body to be treated In addition, the drainage channel formed between the first output port on the raw water side and the second input port of the water body to be treated is also provided with a flow regulating device.
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