CN106735179B - A kind of special powder of the fibre reinforced metal-based composite coating of laser melting coating - Google Patents

A kind of special powder of the fibre reinforced metal-based composite coating of laser melting coating Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106735179B
CN106735179B CN201611106418.6A CN201611106418A CN106735179B CN 106735179 B CN106735179 B CN 106735179B CN 201611106418 A CN201611106418 A CN 201611106418A CN 106735179 B CN106735179 B CN 106735179B
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fiber
template
powder
fibre
group
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CN106735179A (en
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顾振杰
王春霞
雷剑波
石川
周圣丰
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Tianjin Polytechnic University
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F1/00Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
    • B22F1/06Metallic powder characterised by the shape of the particles
    • B22F1/062Fibrous particles
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F1/00Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
    • B22F1/17Metallic particles coated with metal
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C19/00Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
    • C22C19/03Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel
    • C22C19/05Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium
    • C22C19/058Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium without Mo and W
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C21/00Alloys based on aluminium
    • C22C21/10Alloys based on aluminium with zinc as the next major constituent
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C32/00Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
    • C22C32/001Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with only oxides
    • C22C32/0015Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with only oxides with only single oxides as main non-metallic constituents
    • C22C32/0036Matrix based on Al, Mg, Be or alloys thereof
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/005Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing rare earths, i.e. Sc, Y, Lanthanides
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/02Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/04Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/44Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C24/00Coating starting from inorganic powder
    • C23C24/08Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
    • C23C24/10Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat with intermediate formation of a liquid phase in the layer
    • C23C24/103Coating with metallic material, i.e. metals or metal alloys, optionally comprising hard particles, e.g. oxides, carbides or nitrides

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Nanotechnology (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)
  • Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of special powder of the fibre reinforced metal-based composite coating of laser melting coating, preparation method is with step:The Ni layers that a layer thickness is 50~100 μm are plated in fiber surface first, form core shell structure;Then pass through three groups of dedicated fibrage templates, by the fibrage for being coated with Ni layers into parallel or cross network structure, by the pre-processed V-groove of the web woven insertion substrate surface or U-type groove, alloy powder is then spread, thickness is 1.5mm, and powder diameter is 20~40 μm;Wherein, alloy powder is Ni based alloys, Fe based alloys or Al based alloys.The advantage of the invention is that:(1) fibre strengthening is mutually uniformly distributed in metal-base composites and structure keeps complete;(2) distance is controllable between adjacent fiber;(3) fiber-reinforced metal matrix composite has excellent wear-resisting, tensile property, and hardness is up to 1000~1250HV0.2, wearability compares GCr15 and improves 3~8 times, and tensile strength is up to 900~1150Mpa, modeling extension long 20~25%.

Description

A kind of special powder of the fibre reinforced metal-based composite coating of laser melting coating
Technical field
The invention belongs to material science and field of surface engineering technique, more particularly to a kind of laser melting coating fiber reinforcement gold Belong to the special powder of base composite coating.
Technical background
High intensity, high-modulus, low-density, high temperature resistant, thermal conductivity are low and mechanical resistant is shaken because having for fibre reinforced composites The characteristics such as dynamic, have the prospect of being widely applied in the fields such as Aeronautics and Astronautics and wear resistant corrosion resistant.But using resin as the fibre of base Dimension composite material temperature in use has great limitation, and epoxy resin is usually no more than 200 DEG C, and polyimides is no more than 350 DEG C, Even if at a lower temperature, resin-based elasticity modulus and intensity is not also high, and is easily opened under big bearing strength test It splits.
Fiber-reinforced metal matrix composite can well solve this problem, can obtain what is used under higher temperature High specific strength and high modulus-to-weight material.Especially fiber-reinforced metal matrix composite has higher strong in its machine direction Degree and modulus, its directional preponderance can be more played under conditions of member stress situation determines.
Common fiber-reinforced metal matrix composite preparation method includes powder metallurgic method, vacuum pressure infiltration method, squeezes Casting etc. is pressed, powder metallurgic method is that staple fiber is made pulpous state with metal powder in advance and is mixed, and is burnt through shaping and drying hot pressing Form type, the method is complex, is not suitable for preparing large-scale part, cost is very high;Vacuum pressure infiltration method, by reinforced phase system It into precast body, is put into pressure-bearing casting mold, heats, vacuumizes, the negative pressure generated by vacuum soaks liquid matrix metal bath Simultaneously solidification forming is seeped into precast body, and the method equipment is complicated, and process cycle is long, and cost is higher, more demanding suitable for preparing Miniature parts;Extrusion casint is that reinforcing material is made prefabricated component, is put into die mould, will be after liquid metal press-in solidification with press Molded part is obtained, extrusion casint power is big, and generally in 70-100MPa, made prefabricated component there must be very high intensity, needs simultaneously Ensure the voidage of prefabricated component.It is domestic and international for preparing fiber-reinforced metal matrix composite technology using laser melting and coating technique It studies less.Laser melting and coating technique is the advanced Green Remanufacturing Technique that recent decades grow up, it can be in cheap base Body surface face prepares high-performance coating, has achieved the purpose that surface modification or reparation.But it prepares fiber in laser melting coating and increases During strong metal based composites, fiber easily occurs ablation or combines phenomena such as bad, simultaneously because fibrous material is difficult It is evenly distributed in coating, causes Tensile Properties of Composites, the problems such as hardness and wearability be not high.
Invention content
In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a kind of special powder of the fibre reinforced metal-based composite coating of laser melting coating.
Specific method of the present invention and step are:Plating a layer thickness in a diameter of 0.2~10 μm of fiber surface first is 50~100 μm of Ni layers form core-shell structure, have both reduced energy of the laser direct irradiation in fiber, ensure fiber itself property Can, and the wetability of fiber and cladding powder can be increased;By dedicated fibrage template, Ni layers of fiber will be coated with It is woven into and is pre-designed reticular structure that is parallel or intersecting, the V for making the web woven insertion substrate surface pre-processed In type groove or U-shaped groove, while alloy powder is spread, thickness 1.5mm, powder diameter is 20~40 μm;Wherein, alloy Powder is Ni based alloys, Fe based alloys or Al based alloys, and the chemical composition of Ni base alloy powders is:C 0.2wt%, Si 2.2wt%, B 1.0wt%, Li 3.0wt%, Fe 8.0wt%, Cr 2.8wt%, surplus Ni;The change of Fe base alloy powders It studies and is divided into:C 0.02wt%, Si 0.7wt%, Ni 9.2wt%, Y 2.2wt%, Mo 2.1wt%, Cr 17wt%, Mn 0.2wt%, surplus Fe;The chemical composition of Al base alloy powders is:Zn 6.2wt%, Mg 2.25wt%, Cu 2.3wt%, Zr 0.1wt%, Si 0.12wt%, Fe 0.15wt%, Al2O36.2wt%, surplus Al.The laser melting coating formed in this way Fiber-reinforced metal matrix composite special powder, can not only ensure fiber be uniformly distributed in the coating, size between fiber Controllably, it and can utmostly ensure the integrality of fiber itself, improve coating abrasion performance, pull resistance and extension property etc..
The invention is characterised in that:Braiding template is 304 stainless steel plates that surface is evenly distributed with group hole, size for 10 × 10×1cm3, it is 50.2~110 μm for Ni layers of fibre diameter of plating, braiding template is divided into three groups:First group of template 1. group hole Aperture is 65.1 μm, and pitch of holes is 80~300 μm;2. group hole aperture is 80.1 μm to second group of template, and pitch of holes is 100~300 μm;3. group hole aperture is 110.1 μm to third group template, and pitch of holes is 150~300 μm;Every group of template is by two identical braiding moulds Plate is formed;When it is 50.2~65 μm to plate Ni layers of fibre diameter, template is selected 1.;When fibre diameter is 65.001~80 μm, Select template 2.;When fibre diameter is 80.001~110 μm, template is selected 3..
Compared with prior art, the fibre reinforced metal-based composite coating of a kind of laser melting coating provided by the invention is special It is had the following advantages with powder:
(1) good process compatibility:The special powder of the present invention have passed through chemical nickel plating processing in preparation process, One layer of nickel has been wrapped up in fibrous outer surfaces, has formd core-shell structure, fiber can be effectively improved in laser cladding process High temperature oxidation resistance, ensure itself good performance, while good metallurgical binding is formed with coating.
(2) distributing homogeneity of fibre strengthening phase:Fibre strengthening is mutually woven into advance by one group of braiding template uniformly The reticular structure of distribution makes special powder provided by the invention, after laser melting and coating technique is handled, can obtain fibre strengthening phase Equally distributed composite coating, and distance can be adjusted according to actual conditions between fiber.
(3) there is preferable wear-resisting, tension and extend performance:Since fibre property is protected well in composite coating Shield, cladding layer wearability are 3~8 times of GCr15,900~1150MPa of tensile strength, extend long 20~25%.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structure diagram of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention relates to a kind of special powder of the fibre reinforced metal-based composite coating of laser melting coating, it Including:1.45 (depth) mm have been pre-machined in a pair of braiding template 1 and 1 ', the carbon fiber 2 by outer surface plating Ni processing and surface The base material 3 and Ni based powders 4 of × 2.5 (width) mm V slots.Wherein, the chemical composition of Ni base alloy powders is:C0.2wt%, Si2.2wt%, B1.0wt%, Li3.0wt%, Fe8.0wt%, Cr2.8wt%, surplus Ni.For Ni layers of carbon fiber 2 of plating A diameter of 60 μm, select first group of template 1. as braiding template 1 and 1 ', size is 10 × 10 × 1cm3, aperture 65.1 μm, pitch of holes is 90 μm.Adjacent holes in template may be selected in braided fiber, can also dense situation be distributed according to fiber Non-conterminous holes is selected, it is controllable so as to fulfill distance between fiber.
Ni layers of carbon fiber 2 will be plated, the V-structure of parallel shape, size 1.45 are woven by weaving template 1 and 1 ' (depth) mm × 2.5 (width) mm, is placed in 3 both sides of base material, and carbon fibre web 2 is made just to be embedded in the V slots on 3 surface of base material, while Layer overlay Ni base alloy powders 4 in V slots, coating thickness 1.5mm, powder diameter are 20~40 μm, collectively form this hair The bright laser melting coating fiber-reinforced metal matrix composite special powder.
Embodiment 2
As shown in Fig. 2, the present invention relates to a kind of special powder of the fibre reinforced metal-based composite coating of laser melting coating, it Including:1.45 (depths) have been pre-machined in a pair of braiding template 1 and 1 ', the glass fibre 2 by outer surface plating Ni processing and surface The base material 3 ' and Fe based powders 4 of mm × 3.5 (width) mm U slots.Wherein, the chemical composition of Fe base alloy powders is: C0.02wt%, Si0.7wt%, Ni9.2wt%, Y2.2wt%, Mo2.1 wt%, Cr17wt%, Mn0.2wt%, surplus are Fe.For Ni layers of 2 a diameter of 70 μm of glass fibre of plating, select second group of template 2. as braiding template 1 and 1 ', size is 10×10×1cm3, aperture is 80.1 μm, and pitch of holes is 150 μm.Adjacent holes in template may be selected in braided fiber, Dense situation can be distributed according to fiber and selects non-conterminous holes, it is controllable so as to fulfill distance between fiber.
Ni layers of glass fibre 2 will be plated, the U-shaped structure of parallel shape, size 1.45 are woven by weaving template 1 and 1 ' (depth) mm × 3.5 (width) mm, is placed in 3 ' both sides of base material, glass fiber mesh 2 is made just to be embedded in the U slots on 3 ' surface of base material, together When in U slots layer overlay Fe base alloy powders 4, coating thickness 1.5mm, powder diameter be 20~40 μm, collectively form Laser melting coating fiber-reinforced metal matrix composite special powder of the present invention.
Embodiment 3
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention relates to a kind of special powder of the fibre reinforced metal-based composite coating of laser melting coating, it Including:1.45 (depths) have been pre-machined in a pair of braiding template 1 and 1 ', the quartz fibre 2 by outer surface plating Ni processing and surface The base material 3 and Al based powders 4 of mm × 2.8 (width) mm V slots.Wherein, the chemical composition of Al base alloy powders is:Zn6.2wt%, Mg2.25wt%, Cu2.3wt%, Zr0.1wt%, Si0.12wt%, Fe0.15wt%, Al2O36.2wt%, surplus Al.Needle To plate Ni layer 2 a diameter of 110 μm of quartz fibre, select third group template 3. as weave template 1 and 1 ', size be 10 × 10×1cm3, aperture is 110.1 μm, and pitch of holes is 300 μm.Adjacent holes in template may be selected in braided fiber, also may be used Non-conterminous holes is selected to be distributed dense situation according to fiber, it is controllable so as to fulfill distance between fiber.
Ni layers of quartz fibre 2 will be plated, the V-structure of parallel shape, size 1.45 are woven by weaving template 1 and 1 ' (depth) mm × 2.8 (width) mm, is placed in 3 both sides of base material, quartz fibre net 2 is made just to be embedded in the V slots on 3 surface of base material, simultaneously The layer overlay Al base alloy powders 4 in V slots, coating thickness 1.5mm, powder diameter are 20~40 μm, collectively form this The invention laser melting coating fiber-reinforced metal matrix composite special powder.

Claims (2)

1. a kind of special powder of the fibre reinforced metal-based composite coating of laser melting coating, preparation method are with step:
(1) fiber surface first at a diameter of 0.2~10 μm plates the Ni layers that a layer thickness is 50~100 μm, forms core-shell Structure had both reduced energy of the laser direct irradiation in fiber, ensured fiber self performance, and can increase fiber and cladding powder Wetability;
(2) 304 stainless steel plates in group hole are evenly distributed with by the use of surface as fibrage template, the fiber for being coated with Ni layers is compiled It is made into and is pre-designed reticular structure that is parallel or intersecting, the V-type for making the web woven insertion substrate surface pre-processed In groove or U-shaped groove, alloy powder, thickness 1.5mm are then spread, powder diameter is 20~40 μm;Wherein, alloy powder For Ni based alloys, Fe based alloys or Al based alloys, the chemical composition of Ni base alloy powders is:C 0.2wt%, Si 2.2wt%, B 1.0wt%, Li 3.0wt%, Fe 8.0wt%, Cr 2.8wt%, surplus Ni;The chemical composition of Fe base alloy powders is:C 0.02wt%, Si 0.7wt%, Ni 9.2wt%, Y 2.2wt%, Mo 2.1wt%, Cr 17wt%, Mn 0.2wt%, surplus For Fe;The chemical composition of Al base alloy powders is:Zn 6.2wt%, Mg 2.25wt%, Cu 2.3wt%, Zr 0.1wt%, Si 0.12wt%, Fe 0.15wt%, Al2O36.2wt%, surplus Al.
2. a kind of special powder of the fibre reinforced metal-based composite coating of laser melting coating according to claim 1, feature When being to carry out the step (2):Braiding template size is 10 × 10 × 1cm3;For Ni layer fibre diameter of plating be 50.2~ 110 μm, braiding template is divided into three groups:1. group hole aperture is 65.1 μm to first group of template, and pitch of holes is 80~300 μm;Second 2. group hole aperture is 80.1 μm to group template, and pitch of holes is 100~300 μm;3. group hole aperture is 110.1 μm to third group template, hole Spacing is 150~300 μm;Every group of template is made of two identical braiding templates;When Ni layers of fibre diameter of plating are 50.2~65 μm When, select template 1.;When fibre diameter is 65.001~80 μm, template is selected 2.;When fibre diameter is 80.001~110 μm When, select template 3.;Wherein, fiber is carbon fiber, quartz fibre or glass fibre.
CN201611106418.6A 2016-12-05 2016-12-05 A kind of special powder of the fibre reinforced metal-based composite coating of laser melting coating Expired - Fee Related CN106735179B (en)

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CN105463450A (en) * 2015-12-01 2016-04-06 仇颖超 Method for manufacturing copper-based nano ceramic fiber composite material through laser cladding

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US7362939B2 (en) * 2001-12-13 2008-04-22 The Furukawa Electric Co., Ltd. Optical fiber for long period grating, long period grating component and manufacturing method of the same

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CN105463450A (en) * 2015-12-01 2016-04-06 仇颖超 Method for manufacturing copper-based nano ceramic fiber composite material through laser cladding

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