CN101629272B - Method for preparing continuous-fiber partially-reinforced aluminum alloy parts - Google Patents
Method for preparing continuous-fiber partially-reinforced aluminum alloy parts Download PDFInfo
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- CN101629272B CN101629272B CN2009101845004A CN200910184500A CN101629272B CN 101629272 B CN101629272 B CN 101629272B CN 2009101845004 A CN2009101845004 A CN 2009101845004A CN 200910184500 A CN200910184500 A CN 200910184500A CN 101629272 B CN101629272 B CN 101629272B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a preparation technology of precise alloy castings, in particular to a method for preparing continuous-fiber partially-reinforced aluminum alloy parts. The method comprises the following steps: putting fiber bundles in a high-temperature wax pool; arranging the fiber bundles in a corresponding part of a part wax pattern when a wax layer is fully cooled to the room temperature; then, directly manufacturing the part wax pattern with reinforced fibers on a wax injector; welding and combining with a casting system to be an integral wax pattern system; forming a ceramic pattern shell outside the wax pattern system by a plurality of times of dipping and sand-suspension cycles; fully drying the ceramic pattern shell for dewaxing and roasting; casting a liquid aluminum alloy on the ceramic pattern shell; immediately pressing a pattern shell molded cavity with argon after casting is finished; and fully solidifying and cooling to obtain the continuous-fiber partially-reinforced aluminum alloy parts. The invention does not need to specially manufacture a prefabricated fiber model and favorably solves the problems of treating, aligning and arranging fiber yarn in a casting model.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the technology of preparing of precision aluminium-alloy foundry goods, refer in particular to a kind of method for preparing continuous-fiber partially-reinforced aluminum alloy parts.This method combines the preparation of part wax-pattern in traditional full form casting process and fortifying fibre precast body; Utilize gas pressurization make liquid metal the pressure retrofilling with solidify; And utilize the characteristics of precision-investment casting, but direct production (length) fiber partially-reinforced aluminum alloy parts continuously.
Background technology
The continuous-fiber partially-reinforced aluminum alloy precision casting; Adopt high strength fibre to strengthen the high tensile stress district in the military service process; Have incomparable specific tenacity of the incomparable supporting capacity of common aluminum alloy foundry goods, anti-fatigue ability and use properties and steel-iron components and lightweight advantage; Be used as structural parts and can be widely used in fields such as aviation, automobile, sports equipment, have vast market prospect.The industrialized preparing process of continuous-fiber partially-reinforced aluminum alloy structural parts is one of research focus of material science always for many years.
At present both at home and abroad in the preparation of continuous filament reinforced metallic matrix composite part, develop several different methods, mainly comprised lamination hot pressing diffusion-bonded, vapour deposition hot isostatic pressing, powder metallurgy, casting and directional solidification method etc.Casting promptly adopts some special liquid forming technologies to prepare matrix material, but the direct production part blank is more economical more than additive method, and it is also comparatively convenient to process.Casting is produced continuous fibre reinforced aluminum matrix composites part at present, adopts the prefabrication type impregnation technology mostly.Fortifying fibre is at first processed the prefabrication type of definite shape by desired direction and volume(tric)fraction.Prefabrication type is placed in the enhancing position of casting mold die cavity medium casting, and fixes through the special construction on the metallic mould.Liquid metal pours into casting mold through gating system usually under pressure, the space in prefabrication type between infiltration and filling fortifying fibre silk.After solidifying cooling, can obtain continuous fibre enhanced metal-base composites spray.Yet thread fortifying fibre silk general diameter is tiny and be flexible, is difficult to control its arrangement and distribution, makes that the preparation difficulty of prefabrication type is big, and cost is high.Therefore research and develop the non-prefabrication type foundry engieering of continuous fibre reinforced aluminum matrix composites, direct production goes out composite castings at low cost, and applying of this advanced material had crucial meaning.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention provides a kind of prefabrication type impregnation technology that do not adopt, and direct production is the novel method of (length) alloy fiber reinforced aluminum base composite material parts continuously.This method combines traditional melted module precise casting technology and liquid metal pressure infiltration, need not make the fibre preforms type specially, has solved filametntary processing, arrangement and the problems such as placement in casting mold preferably.And can make full use of the characteristics of the high freedom shape of precision-investment casting high precision, direct production goes out the composite castingses of various nearly clean shapes.
Whole technological process is made up of three parts; That is: fiber treatment and wax-pattern making, formwork preparation, casting and compression solidification are specially: with fibrous bundle through high-temperature liquid state wax pond, wait the wax layer to be cooled to room temperature fully after; Fibrous bundle is placed in the corresponding site of part wax-pattern; Directly on wax injector, make the part wax-pattern of band fortifying fibre then, and then fit together, become complete wax-pattern system with the seam of gating system wax-pattern; Through the material of dip-coating for several times, the circulation of extension sand, can form ceramic shell mould in wax-pattern system outside, after the ceramic shell mould thorough drying, dewax and roasting; Ceramic shell mould is carried out liquid aluminium alloy casting, and after casting is accomplished, on the formwork die cavity, uses argon gas to pressurize immediately, wait solidify cooling fully after, can obtain continuous-fiber partially-reinforced aluminum alloy parts.
Fibrous bundle contains 500～1000 of the fibers that diameter is 10-50 μ m, is flexible because diameter is tiny, so fibrous bundle can immerse and also pass through the liquid wax pond through the reel traction.The temperature of wax liquid is 70-90 ℃, and wettability is preferably arranged between fiber yarn, the liquid wax material space between can the infiltrated fiber silk, and form certain thickness wax layer in the fiber yarn appearance.Just pulled out the fibre bundle of band wax layer,, had certain flexibility and deformability, can be processed into certain shape or cut into certain-length subsequent use through reel because the wax layer still has suitable temperature from the wax pond.
According to the shape of part and the position in fiber reinforcement district, can on part wax-pattern die mould, consider the placement of laying fibrous bundle.Owing to after the wax layer is cooled to room temperature fully, had certain intensity, this makes the fiber yarn of band wax layer have certain rigid, greatly facilitates filametntary directivity and arranges and laying in mould.In addition; But the also wax-pattern die mould of specially designed enhancement region; Be arranged in the fiber direction on request of band wax layer in the die mould, prepare the wax-pattern of part fiber reinforcement part in advance, and then dress up the part wax-pattern of complete band fortifying fibre with other part soldering group through die mould.
The preparation of ceramic shell mould is the same with traditional full form casting process, circulates through 6～8 dip-coating material, extension sand usually, can form a ceramic shell mould in the outside of wax-pattern, and the thickness of formwork is 10～20mm.Can form a ceramic shell mould that certain thickness and intensity are arranged in the outside of wax-pattern, filametntary two ends are also clung by ceramic shell mould firmly.Dewaxing is carried out in the HP steam still, and pressure is about 0.6MPa during dewaxing.The maturing temperature of dewaxing back formwork mainly according to the formwork material, is generally 700～1000 ℃.
In the process of setting of casting back aluminium liquid, adopt the argon gas pressurization, pressure is controlled at 0.6-1.0MPa usually.To filling between the fiber yarn and infiltration, liquid metal solidifies under pressure simultaneously with abundant assurance aluminium liquid, can make THE STRUCTURE OF CASTINGS fine and close, has better mechanical property.Casting and compression solidification also can be used for carrying out on the air injection machine, to realize semi-mechanization production.
After foundry goods solidifies cooling fully, carry out the molding cleaning, the excision dead head, and carry out necessary surface and level, so just can obtain needed continuous fibre enhanced aluminum alloy casting.
The process method of the present invention's exploitation can be used for the matrix material of production different aluminum alloys matrix and filamentary material composition.The volume percent of enhancement region fiber can change between 40-60% according to different request for utilizations; Fill in the type process of setting and adopt gas pressurization, pressure is controlled at 0.6-1.0MPa usually.Casting and compression solidification also can be used for carrying out on the air injection machine, to realize semi-mechanization production.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1. the schema of technology of the present invention
A. fiber immerses the wax pond through cylinder; B. part wax-pattern preparation; C. dip-coating material (circulation); D. hang sand (circulation); E. dewaxing; F. formwork roasting; G. casting, compression solidification; H. demoulding cleaning; I. cut dead head, the surface is leveled
The continuous fibre of Fig. 2 embodiment 1 strengthens the photo of aluminum alloy specimen
A. blank; B. the sample after processing
The fractography of the sample of Fig. 3 embodiment 1
Embodiment
Embodiment 1:
According to the technology of foregoing invention, made 50% volume(tric)fraction γ-Al
2O
3Fiber (originating from Japanese Sumitomo Chemical company, model Altex SN, fiber yarn diameter 15 μ m, tensile strength 1.8GPa) strengthens duraluminum (Al-6%Zn-1%Mg-0.1%Cu) coupon, test block and continuous-fiber partially-reinforced aluminum alloy test block.Fig. 2 a is the blank photo of these three samples, and Fig. 2 b is the sample after processing.Coupon and little test block are the continuous fibre overall enhanced, are used for performance test.Big test block is that continuous-fiber partially strengthens, and is the enhancement region in the middle of the test block, and both sides are non-enhancement region, use this test block can verify technological feasibility of the present invention, and can measure the macroscopical internal stress between enhancement region and non-enhancement region.50% measured fiber-reinforced aluminum alloy composite, along fiber direction and perpendicular to the tensile strength and the Young's modulus of fiber direction, the result sees table 1.In addition, the Fiber Distribution situation in the coupon is also observed, Fig. 3 is the fractography photo of sample, and visible fiber can be distributed in whole section more equably.
Embodiment 2:
The fiber partially-reinforced aluminum alloy sports bicycle crank link that adopts the present invention to produce substitutes original HS forged steel pieces, and weight can alleviate about 69%.The connecting rod middle part receives arm of force section to adopt 45% volume percent γ-Al
2O
3The local enhancing of fiber (originating from Japanese SumitomoChemical company, model Altex SN, fiber yarn diameter 15 μ m, tensile strength 1.8GPa), body material is a cast Al-Si alloy.Ceramic size adopts zirconium English powder refractory materials and silica sol binder, and it is zirconium English powder (particle size 0.25mm) that surface layer (two-layer) is hung the sand material, and back-up coat is Lay stone flour (particle size 0.8-1.4mm) not, totally 8 layers of formworks, thick about 20mm.Dewaxing is carried out in the steam still, and pressure is 0.6MPa, and holding the pressure time is 90 seconds.The formwork roasting is carried out in electric furnace, and being burnt temperature is 850 ℃.Since after the formwork roasting, not casting immediately, and so before the casting formwork has been carried out preheating, preheating temperature is 750 ℃.Duraluminum is melting in electrical crucible, and pouring temperature is 700 ℃.After the casting, with argon gas the aluminium liquid in the formwork is pressurizeed, pressure is 0.8MPa, and holding the pressure time is 5 minutes.Behind foundry goods cooled and solidified and the cool to room temperature, beat formwork, the excision dead head, and the polishing level after, obtain finished product.Part has higher surface smoothness, has the visual appearance identical with the forged steel crank link.The middle part receives the arm of force to adopt fiber reinforcement, the supporting capacity and the work-ing life of having improved part greatly.
Table 1,50% γ-Al
2O
3The mechanical property of alloy fiber reinforced aluminum sample
| Performance | The test determination value |
| Along the tensile strength of fiber direction, σ b0°(MPa) | 1003 |
| Perpendicular to the tensile strength of fiber direction, σ b90°(MPa) | 220 |
| Along the Young's modulus of fiber direction, E 0°(GPa) | 135 |
| Perpendicular to the Young's modulus of fiber direction, E 90°(GPa) | 80 |
Claims (1)
1. method for preparing continuous-fiber partially-reinforced aluminum alloy parts; Comprise the making of fiber treatment and wax-pattern, formwork preparation, casting and compression solidification, be specially: with fibrous bundle through high-temperature liquid state wax pond, wait the wax layer to be cooled to room temperature fully after; Fibrous bundle is placed in the corresponding site of part wax-pattern; Directly on wax injector, make the part wax-pattern of band fortifying fibre then, and then fit together, become complete wax-pattern system with the seam of gating system wax-pattern; Through the material of dip-coating for several times, the circulation of extension sand, can form ceramic shell mould in wax-pattern system outside, after the ceramic shell mould thorough drying, dewax and roasting; Ceramic shell mould is carried out the liquid aluminium alloy casting; And after casting is accomplished; On the formwork die cavity, use argon gas to pressurize immediately, wait solidify cooling fully after, can obtain continuous-fiber partially-reinforced aluminum alloy parts; If not casting immediately should be carried out preheating to ceramic shell mould before the casting after the ceramic shell mould roasting; Said fibrous bundle is the fibrous of 10-50 μ m by 500～1000 diameters, and said fiber is γ-Al
2O
3Fiber, the volume percent of fiber can change between 40-60% according to different request for utilizations; Said duraluminum is Al-6%Zn-1%Mg-0.1%Cu; The temperature of said high-temperature liquid state wax pond wax liquid is 70-90 ℃; The preparation technology of said ceramic shell mould is following: through 6～8 times dip-coating material, the circulation of extension sand, can form ceramic shell mould in the outside of wax-pattern, the thickness of formwork is 10～20mm; Said ceramic shell mould dewaxing is carried out in the HP steam still, and pressure is 0.6Mpa during dewaxing, and the maturing temperature of dewaxing back ceramic shell mould is 700～1000 ℃; Ceramic shell mould is carried out the liquid aluminium alloy casting, in the process of setting of casting back aluminium liquid, adopt the argon gas pressurization, pressure-controlling is at 0.6-1.0Mpa.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2009101845004A CN101629272B (en) | 2009-08-12 | 2009-08-12 | Method for preparing continuous-fiber partially-reinforced aluminum alloy parts |
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| CN2009101845004A CN101629272B (en) | 2009-08-12 | 2009-08-12 | Method for preparing continuous-fiber partially-reinforced aluminum alloy parts |
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| CN101629272B true CN101629272B (en) | 2012-03-21 |
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| CN105772633B (en) * | 2015-12-28 | 2018-05-11 | 浙江亚辰新材料科技有限公司 | A kind of turbo blade hot investment casting directional freeze method |
| CN110230012B (en) * | 2019-07-08 | 2020-07-31 | 南昌航空大学 | Vacuum air pressure infiltration forming method of fiber reinforced aluminum matrix composite |
| CN113664184A (en) * | 2021-08-20 | 2021-11-19 | 泰州市金鹰精密铸造有限公司 | Casting process based on high-strength composite carbon fiber single crystal blade |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5130209A (en) * | 1989-11-09 | 1992-07-14 | Allied-Signal Inc. | Arc sprayed continuously reinforced aluminum base composites and method |
| CN1188514A (en) * | 1995-06-21 | 1998-07-22 | 美国3M公司 | Fiber reinforced aluminium matrix composite |
| CN1394979A (en) * | 2002-06-28 | 2003-02-05 | 太原理工大学 | Aluminium base mixed continuous carbon fibre composite material and its preparation |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5130209A (en) * | 1989-11-09 | 1992-07-14 | Allied-Signal Inc. | Arc sprayed continuously reinforced aluminum base composites and method |
| CN1188514A (en) * | 1995-06-21 | 1998-07-22 | 美国3M公司 | Fiber reinforced aluminium matrix composite |
| CN1394979A (en) * | 2002-06-28 | 2003-02-05 | 太原理工大学 | Aluminium base mixed continuous carbon fibre composite material and its preparation |
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