CN106732204A - One kind segmentation spiral plate type ultralow pressure isothermal ammonia convertor - Google Patents
One kind segmentation spiral plate type ultralow pressure isothermal ammonia convertor Download PDFInfo
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- CN106732204A CN106732204A CN201710064207.9A CN201710064207A CN106732204A CN 106732204 A CN106732204 A CN 106732204A CN 201710064207 A CN201710064207 A CN 201710064207A CN 106732204 A CN106732204 A CN 106732204A
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- spiral
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- inner cylinder
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
- B01J8/02—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds
- B01J8/06—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds in tube reactors; the solid particles being arranged in tubes
- B01J8/067—Heating or cooling the reactor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2208/00—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor
- B01J2208/00008—Controlling the process
- B01J2208/00017—Controlling the temperature
- B01J2208/00106—Controlling the temperature by indirect heat exchange
- B01J2208/00115—Controlling the temperature by indirect heat exchange with heat exchange elements inside the bed of solid particles
- B01J2208/00132—Tubes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2208/00—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor
- B01J2208/00008—Controlling the process
- B01J2208/00017—Controlling the temperature
- B01J2208/00106—Controlling the temperature by indirect heat exchange
- B01J2208/00115—Controlling the temperature by indirect heat exchange with heat exchange elements inside the bed of solid particles
- B01J2208/0015—Plates; Cylinders
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2208/00—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor
- B01J2208/06—Details of tube reactors containing solid particles
- B01J2208/065—Heating or cooling the reactor
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of ammonia convertor, more particularly to a kind of segmentation spiral plate type ultralow pressure isothermal ammonia convertor.The segmentation spiral plate type ultralow pressure isothermal ammonia convertor, including the tower body being made up of inner cylinder and outer barrel, it is characterized in that：The inner cylinder inner top is connected with main steam range, cold shock tracheae and is filled with expects pipe, main steam range bottom is connected with the deaerated water evaporation side of spiral-plate heat exchanger, spiral-plate heat exchanger is connected and composed by some sections, outward flange per adjacent two sections of spiral-plate heat exchangers is connected, the riser positioned at center is provided with inner cylinder, riser lower section is provided with heat exchanger tube.The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：Make that synthesis gas is continual in tower to carry out overall heat exchange, the pressure needed for substantially reducing synthetic reaction, and make in tower that upper and lower temperature is consistent, and the conversion ratio of ammonia synthesis is improve, processing is simple, cost-effective, reduces energy consumption, is unlikely to deform, safe and reliable.
Description
（One）Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of ammonia convertor, more particularly to a kind of segmentation spiral plate type ultralow pressure isothermal ammonia convertor.
（Two）Background technology
Synthesis ammonia refers to the ammonia being directly synthesized in the presence of the catalyst at elevated temperature and pressure by nitrogen and hydrogen, is a kind of basic inorganic chemical industry
Flow.In modern chemical industry, ammonia is the primary raw material of chemical fertilizer industry and basic organic chemical industry, occupies important in national economy
Status, wherein there are about 80% ammonia for producing chemical fertilizer, 20% is the raw material of other chemical products.Ammonia convertor is referred to as synthesis
The heart of ammonia factory, it is one of Chief equipment in whole synthesis ammonia plant production process.
In chemical industry, the ammonia conversion ratio of conventional synthesis tower is relatively low（10%~12%）, synthesis pressure is higher（22.0 MPa
~32.0MPa）, energy consumption of unit product is very high.Later because purification techniques improvement, gas componant improvement, foreign gas content are by 1%
~5% drops to 10ppm~50ppm, and the structure of synthetic tower also there occurs change, increase heat exchange area between catalyst section, reduces
Synthesis mean temperature, therefore, the ammonia conversion ratio of synthetic tower is improved（15%~18%）, synthesis pressure reduction（12.0 MPa~
15.0MPa）, energy consumption of unit product is decreased obviously.But, synthesis pressure still above 10MPa, more than 10 Mpa for synthesis
For tower, difficulty of processing is big, high processing costs, operating risk are high, and operation energy consumption is also high.
（Three）The content of the invention
The present invention is in order to make up the deficiencies in the prior art, there is provided one kind processes simple, cost-effective, reducing energy consumption, safety can
By, ammonia high conversion rate, on-deformable segmentation spiral plate type ultralow pressure isothermal ammonia convertor.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions：
One kind segmentation spiral plate type ultralow pressure isothermal ammonia convertor, including the tower body being made up of inner cylinder and outer barrel, it is characterized in that：Institute
State inner cylinder inner top to be connected with main steam range, cold shock tracheae and be filled with expects pipe, main steam range bottom is removed with spiral-plate heat exchanger
Oxygen water evaporation side is connected, and spiral-plate heat exchanger is connected and composed by some sections, the outward flange per adjacent two sections of spiral-plate heat exchangers
It is connected, the riser positioned at center is provided with inner cylinder, riser lower section is provided with heat exchanger tube.
The cold shock tracheae bottom connects cold shock qi leel stringing, and cold shock qi leel stringing is interspersed in spiral-plate heat exchanger
Portion, cold shock qi leel stringing is stretched into dispersion pipe, and dispersion pipe top is provided with gas dispersion plate, and dispersion pipe middle and lower part is connected with dispersion
Dispersion hole is offered on branch pipe, dispersion pipe and dispersion branch pipe, some baffle plates are provided with inside dispersion pipe.
Deflection plate is provided between the heat exchanger tube, heat exchanger tube top is provided with upper perforated plate, and bottom is provided with lower perforated plate.
The inner cylinder top is provided with gas distribution grid, and gas distribution holes are offered on gas distribution grid.
Water conservancy diversion heavy burden cylinder is installed, if being provided with dry temperature sensor in spiral-plate heat exchanger on the upper perforated plate.
The deaerated water evaporation side bottom connection deoxygenation waterpipe of the spiral-plate heat exchanger, deoxygenation waterpipe bottom is U-shaped
Shape.
The inner cylinder centre bottom is provided with lets out loading pipe, lets out loading pipe top and is connected with circular cone end socket, circular cone end socket top
It is connected with inner cylinder inwall, lets out filler bottom of the tube and be provided with and let out feeding port.
The outer barrel top is provided with lid, and outer barrel upper side offers synthesis gas entrance, and outer barrel bottom side offers
Syngas outlet.
The inner cylinder bottom is provided with inner cylinder low head, and outer barrel bottom is provided with outer barrel low head.
The temperature sensor top is connected with temperature sensor interface.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：Make that synthesis gas is continual in tower to carry out overall heat exchange, substantially reduce synthesis
Pressure needed for reaction, and upper and lower temperature in tower unanimously, is improve the conversion ratio of ammonia synthesis, processing is simple, cost-effective, drop
Low energy consumption, is unlikely to deform, safe and reliable.
（Four）Brief description of the drawings
The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Accompanying drawing 1 is shaft section structural representation of the invention；
Accompanying drawing 2 is the A-A sectional views of accompanying drawing 1；
Accompanying drawing 3 is the B-B sectional views of accompanying drawing 1；
Accompanying drawing 4 is the C-C sectional views of accompanying drawing 1；
Accompanying drawing 5 is the D-D sectional views of accompanying drawing 1；
Accompanying drawing 6 is the E-E sectional views of accompanying drawing 1；
Accompanying drawing 7 is the F-F sectional views of accompanying drawing 1；
Accompanying drawing 8 is the G-G sectional views of accompanying drawing 1；
Accompanying drawing 9 is the H-H sectional views of accompanying drawing 1；
Accompanying drawing 10 is the J-J sectional views of accompanying drawing 1；
Accompanying drawing 11 is cold shock air pipe structure schematic diagram of the invention；
In figure, 1 inner cylinder, 2 outer barrels, 3 tower bodies, 4 main steam ranges, 5 cold shock tracheaes, 6 are filled with expects pipe, 7 spiral-plate heat exchangers, 8 liters of gas
Pipe, 9 heat exchanger tubes, 10 cold shock qi leel stringings, 11 dispersion pipes, 12 gas dispersion plates, 13 dispersion branch pipes, 14 dispersion holes, 15 baffle plates, 16
Deflection plate, 17 upper perforated plates, 18 lower perforated plates, 19 gas distribution grids, 20 gas distribution holes, 21 water conservancy diversion heavy burden cylinders, 22 temperature sensors,
23 deoxygenation waterpipes, 24 let out loading pipe, 25 circular cone end sockets, and 26 let out feeding port, are covered on 27, and 28 synthesis gas entrances, 29 synthesis gas go out
Mouthful, 30 inner cylinder low heads, 31 outer barrel low heads, 32 temperature sensor interfaces.
（Five）Specific embodiment
Accompanying drawing is a kind of specific embodiment of the invention.The embodiment includes the tower body 3 being made up of inner cylinder 1 and outer barrel 2, inner cylinder 1
Inner top is connected with main steam range 4, cold shock tracheae 5 and is filled with expects pipe 6, the deoxygenation of the bottom of main steam range 4 and spiral-plate heat exchanger 7
Water evaporation side is connected, and spiral-plate heat exchanger 7 is connected and composed by some sections, the outward flange per adjacent two sections of spiral-plate heat exchangers 7
It is connected, the riser 8 positioned at center is provided with inner cylinder 1, the lower section of riser 8 is provided with heat exchanger tube 9.The bottom of cold shock tracheae 5 connects
Cold shock qi leel stringing 10, cold shock qi leel stringing 10 is interspersed inside spiral-plate heat exchanger 7, and cold shock qi leel stringing 10 is stretched into point
Dissipate in pipe 11, the top of dispersion pipe 11 is provided with gas dispersion plate 12, the middle and lower part of dispersion pipe 11 is connected with dispersion branch pipe 13, dispersion pipe
11 and dispersion branch pipe 13 on offer dispersion hole 14, some baffle plates 15 are provided with inside dispersion pipe 11.Baffling is provided between heat exchanger tube 9
Plate 16, the top of heat exchanger tube 9 is provided with upper perforated plate 17, and bottom is provided with lower perforated plate 18.The top of inner cylinder 1 is provided with gas distribution grid 19,
Gas distribution holes 20 are offered on gas distribution grid 19.Water conservancy diversion heavy burden cylinder 21 is installed, in spiral-plate heat exchanger 7 on upper perforated plate 17
If being provided with dry temperature sensor 22.The deaerated water evaporation side bottom connection deoxygenation waterpipe 23 of spiral-plate heat exchanger 7, deoxygenation water pipe
The bottom of road 23 is U-shaped shape.The centre bottom of inner cylinder 1 is provided with lets out loading pipe 24, lets out the top of loading pipe 24 and is connected with circular cone end socket 25,
The top of circular cone end socket 25 is connected with the inwall of inner cylinder 1, lets out the bottom of loading pipe 24 and is provided with and lets out feeding port 26.The top of outer barrel 2 is provided with
Lid 27, the upper side of outer barrel 2 offers synthesis gas entrance 28, and the bottom side of outer barrel 2 offers syngas outlet 29.The bottom of inner cylinder 1
Portion is provided with inner cylinder low head 30, and the bottom of outer barrel 2 is provided with outer barrel low head 31.The top of temperature sensor 22 is connected with temperature sensor
Interface 32.
Using a kind of segmentation spiral plate type ultralow pressure isothermal ammonia convertor of the invention, N2、H2, the synthesis gas such as inert gas
Enter from the synthesis gas entrance 28 of outer barrel 2, the gap between inner cylinder 1 and outer barrel 2 is downward always, by the logical of the bottom of inner cylinder 1
Hole enters rising in inner cylinder 1, is preheated by heat exchanger tube 9, and due to the effect of deflection plate 16, the S-type rising of synthesis gas is increased
Heat exchange efficiency.Then, synthesis gas rises to the top of tower body 3 always into riser 8, and under the effect of upper lid 27, synthesis gas leads to
The gas distribution holes 20 for crossing gas distribution grid 19 run downwards, now touch from the catalyst for being filled with the feeding of expects pipe 6, make N2With
H2Synthesis ammonia, heat release in building-up process, heat makes the deaerated water in spiral-plate heat exchanger 7 flash to steam and enters main steam range
4, so as to complete heat exchange in tower, make upper and lower temperature in tower equal, improve the conversion ratio of synthetic reaction；If spiral-plate heat exchanger 7 by
Dry section is constituted, and makes its structure shorter in vertical direction, is less prone to the problem of deformation.Additionally, passing through the moment of temperature sensor 22
Temperature in monitoring tower, can simultaneously make cold shock gas pass through cold shock tracheae 5, cold shock qi leel stringing 10 even into tower inner plane, and then
By dispersion pipe 11, dispersion branch pipe 13 even into vertical direction in tower, discharged by dispersion hole 14, quickly spiral plate is changed
Lowered the temperature around hot device 7, because more down temperature is lower, so baffle plate 15 can suitable control cold shock gas enter lower section amount.
Larger thrust is produced when the gas of synthesis runs downwards, water conservancy diversion heavy burden cylinder 21 can not only be played and carry out water conservancy diversion to synthesis gas
Effect, and the catalyst of top tower body 3 can be given necessarily bear a heavy burden support, prevent from damaging tower body 3.Deaerated water certain hour
After can be discharged by deoxygenation waterpipe 23, the swell increment of deaerated water is different with the shell of tower body 3, the bottom of deoxygenation waterpipe 23 it is U-shaped
It is curved to eliminate swelling stress.Catalyst positioned at the gap of spiral-plate heat exchanger 7 can enter under the effect of circular cone end socket 25 lets out filler
Pipe 24, and then discharged from feeding port 26 is let out.The ammonia of synthesis is discharged from syngas outlet 29.
Claims (10)
1. it is a kind of to be segmented spiral plate type ultralow pressure isothermal ammonia convertor, including by inner cylinder（1）And outer barrel（2）The tower body of composition（3）,
It is characterized in that：The inner cylinder（1）Inner top is connected with main steam range（4）, cold shock tracheae（5）Be filled with expects pipe（6）, main steam range
（4）Bottom and spiral-plate heat exchanger（7）Deaerated water evaporation side be connected, spiral-plate heat exchanger（7）Connected and composed by some sections,
Per adjacent two sections of spiral-plate heat exchangers（7）Outward flange be connected, inner cylinder（1）In be provided with riser positioned at center（8）, rise gas
Pipe（8）Lower section is provided with heat exchanger tube（9）.
2. one kind according to claim 1 is segmented spiral plate type ultralow pressure isothermal ammonia convertor, it is characterized in that：The cold shock
Tracheae（5）Bottom connects cold shock qi leel stringing（10）, cold shock qi leel stringing（10）It is interspersed in spiral-plate heat exchanger（7）It is interior
Portion, cold shock qi leel stringing（10）Stretch into dispersion pipe（11）It is interior, dispersion pipe（11）Top is provided with gas dispersion plate（12）, dispersion pipe
（11）Middle and lower part is connected with dispersion branch pipe（13）, dispersion pipe（11）And dispersion branch pipe（13）On offer dispersion hole（14）, dispersion
Pipe（11）Inside is provided with some baffle plates（15）.
3. one kind according to claim 1 is segmented spiral plate type ultralow pressure isothermal ammonia convertor, it is characterized in that：The heat exchange
Pipe（9）Between be provided with deflection plate（16）, heat exchanger tube（9）Top is provided with upper perforated plate（17）, bottom is provided with lower perforated plate（18）.
4. one kind according to claim 1 is segmented spiral plate type ultralow pressure isothermal ammonia convertor, it is characterized in that：The inner cylinder
（1）Top is provided with gas distribution grid（19）, gas distribution grid（19）On offer gas distribution holes（20）.
5. one kind according to claim 3 is segmented spiral plate type ultralow pressure isothermal ammonia convertor, it is characterized in that：The upper pipe
Plate（17）On water conservancy diversion heavy burden cylinder is installed（21）, spiral-plate heat exchanger（7）If being inside provided with dry temperature sensor（22）.
6. one kind according to claim 1 is segmented spiral plate type ultralow pressure isothermal ammonia convertor, it is characterized in that：The spiral
Sheet heat exchanger（7）Deaerated water evaporation side bottom connection deoxygenation waterpipe（23）, deoxygenation waterpipe（23）Bottom is U-shaped shape.
7. one kind according to claim 1 is segmented spiral plate type ultralow pressure isothermal ammonia convertor, it is characterized in that：The inner cylinder
（1）Centre bottom is provided with lets out loading pipe（24）, let out loading pipe（24）Top is connected with circular cone end socket（25）, circular cone end socket（25）Top
Portion and inner cylinder（1）Inwall is connected, and lets out loading pipe（24）Bottom is provided with lets out feeding port（26）.
8. one kind according to claim 1 is segmented spiral plate type ultralow pressure isothermal ammonia convertor, it is characterized in that：The outer barrel
（2）Top is provided with lid（27）, outer barrel（2）Upper side offers synthesis gas entrance（28）, outer barrel（2）Bottom side offers
Syngas outlet（29）.
9. one kind according to claim 1 is segmented spiral plate type ultralow pressure isothermal ammonia convertor, it is characterized in that：The inner cylinder
（1）Bottom is provided with inner cylinder low head（30）, outer barrel（2）Bottom is provided with outer barrel low head（31）.
10. one kind according to claim 5 is segmented spiral plate type ultralow pressure isothermal ammonia convertor, it is characterized in that：The temperature
Degree sensor（22）Top is connected with temperature sensor interface（32）.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710064207.9A CN106732204A (en) | 2017-02-04 | 2017-02-04 | One kind segmentation spiral plate type ultralow pressure isothermal ammonia convertor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710064207.9A CN106732204A (en) | 2017-02-04 | 2017-02-04 | One kind segmentation spiral plate type ultralow pressure isothermal ammonia convertor |
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|---|---|
| CN106732204A true CN106732204A (en) | 2017-05-31 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710064207.9A Pending CN106732204A (en) | 2017-02-04 | 2017-02-04 | One kind segmentation spiral plate type ultralow pressure isothermal ammonia convertor |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109382045A (en) * | 2018-04-03 | 2019-02-26 | 青岛科大隆腾科技发展有限公司 | A kind of spiral plate fixed bed reactors of gas-solid contact catalysis reaction |
| CN111450778A (en) * | 2019-01-22 | 2020-07-28 | 中国石化工程建设有限公司 | Polymerization reaction system and method for preparing poly α -olefin |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109382045A (en) * | 2018-04-03 | 2019-02-26 | 青岛科大隆腾科技发展有限公司 | A kind of spiral plate fixed bed reactors of gas-solid contact catalysis reaction |
| CN111450778A (en) * | 2019-01-22 | 2020-07-28 | 中国石化工程建设有限公司 | Polymerization reaction system and method for preparing poly α -olefin |
| CN111450778B (en) * | 2019-01-22 | 2023-04-07 | 中国石化工程建设有限公司 | Polymerization reaction system and method for preparing poly alpha-olefin |
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