CN201186210Y - Vertical type water-cooling tube box type reactor - Google Patents
Vertical type water-cooling tube box type reactor Download PDFInfo
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- CN201186210Y CN201186210Y CNU2008200403958U CN200820040395U CN201186210Y CN 201186210 Y CN201186210 Y CN 201186210Y CN U2008200403958 U CNU2008200403958 U CN U2008200403958U CN 200820040395 U CN200820040395 U CN 200820040395U CN 201186210 Y CN201186210 Y CN 201186210Y
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a vertical water-cooling tube box-type reactor aiming at the problem of the existing shell-tube reactor which has big volume and bad heat exchanging effect, which comprises a casing (1) and is characterized in that when feed gas works in a radial flow mode, a gas radial distributing tube (9) is arranged in the casing (1), the center of the gas radial distributing tube (9) is provided with a gas gathering drum (10), the lower end of the gas gathering drum (10) is communicated with a reacting gas outlet (6), the positions of the gas radial distributing tube (9) and the gas gathering drum (10) can be changed according to the different gas flow directions, a plurality of water-cooling tubes (12) are mounted between the gas radial distributing tube (9) and the gas gathering drum (10), catalyst (11) is filled among the water-cooling tubes (12), the upper ends of the water-cooling tubes (12) are connected with an upper header (13), and the lower ends are connected with a lower header (3), and when axial flow is working, the gas radial distributing tube (9) and the gas gathering drum (10) can be omitted. The utility model has the advantages excellent heat exchanging effect, simple structure and small total size.
Description
Technical field
The box reactor of the utility model water cooling tube relates to a kind of vertical chemical reactor, especially a kind of interior box type reactor that adopts water cooling tube to move heat of gas-solid catalysis bed, box reactor of vertical water cooling tube of specifically a kind of radial flow or axial flow of being used for.
Background technology
Usually, fixed bed catalytic reactor (as Fig. 1), the transmission of its chemical heat release is finished by the cooling tube heat transfer unit, and cooling medium mostly is cold reacting gas, and the outer catalyst bed of pipe mostly is the axial flow bed, the major defect of this reactor is:
(1) heat transfer efficiency of gas cooled pipe is low, and it is limited to move heat, and the Temperature Distribution of beds is undesirable.
(2) to move heat in order improving, just must to increase cold pipe number, so just reduced the flow section of reacting gas, make the resistance of axial flow of beds big, production capacity is limited.
Remove the heat of reactor for reinforcement, also, greatly developed water-cooled shell-and-tube reactor (see figure 2) in nearly 20 years, obtain good effect, but still there is distinct disadvantage in it in order to improve the Temperature Distribution of beds:
(1) the reacting gas axial flow is very big at the pipe internal resistance that catalyst is housed, and has to increase the pipe number, the diameter of augmenting response device.
(2) material of reactor require high, the thick tube sheet of major diameter again, manufacture difficulty is big, so cost is high.
(3) utilization rate of reactor charge catalyst is low, and diameter is very big, thereby seriously restricts the maximization of its single series production capacity, with the methanol reactor is example, production scale 200,000 ton hour diameters are 4m closely, and its ratio of height to diameter is many at 1-2.5, and this causes difficulty for again transportation and installation.
At above-mentioned shortcoming, developed recently the shell-and-tube water-cooled reactor of Radial Flow, catalyst is contained in outside the pipe, be water in the pipe.Its main purpose is to solve the big problem (seeing Fig. 3,4) of resistance, makes the reactor resistance reduce to 0.1MPa from 0.5MP, can make ratio of height to diameter bring up to 3-8 simultaneously.
Though this radial flow shell-and-tube reactor has solved resistance problem, other problems appear again thereupon:
(1) the radial flow resistance low and bring be the ventilation cross section excessive, flow process is short, flow velocity is very little, this has just caused the heat transfer coefficient of outer catalyst one side of pipe extremely low, only is the 1/5-1/20 of axial flow normal value, and heat transfer efficiency descends, because the limitation pipe and the distance between the pipe of structure can not be very little, the local temperature of catalyst is too high easily between pipe, and heat is difficult to remove, and it is overheated that the part catalyst is easy to.
(2) still adopt diameter big, the large tubesheet that thickness is thick is not broken away from the cost height, the shortcoming that manufacture difficulty is big;
(3) the loading and unloading difficulty of catalyst;
(4) because heat transfer efficiency is low, cooling tube more, so the utilization rate of high-pressure space even also lower than the shell-and-tube reactor of axial flow.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the box reactor of the utility model water cooling tube is that the volume that exists at existing shell-and-tube reactor is big, the problem of heat exchange weak effect, designs a kind of good effect of heat exchange, can significantly reduce the box reactor of vertical water cooling tube of reactor volume.
The technical scheme of the box reactor of the utility model water cooling tube is:
The box reactor of a kind of vertical water cooling tube comprises shell 1, and the upper end of shell 1 is provided with manhole 15 and gas access 5, and its lower end is provided with reaction gas outlet 6 and soft water is gone into pipe 4 and catalyst self-unloading mouth 7, it is characterized in that:
One, when unstripped gas is worked with radial flow fashion, in described shell 1, be provided with gas radial distribution tube 9, center at gas radial distribution tube 9 is provided with gas collecting jar with ground-on cover plate 10, gas collecting jar with ground-on cover plate 10 lower ends communicate with reaction gas outlet 6, difference according to gas flow, the position of gas radial distribution tube 9 and gas collecting jar with ground-on cover plate 10 can exchange, many water-cooled pipe fittings 12 are installed between gas radial distribution tube 9 and gas collecting jar with ground-on cover plate 10, be filled with catalyst 11 between the water-cooled pipe fitting 12, the upper end of water-cooled pipe fitting 12 links to each other with upper header 13, and its lower end links to each other with lower collecting box 3;
Two, when unstripped gas is worked in the axial flow mode, many water-cooled pipe fittings 12 are installed in described shell 1, be filled with catalyst 11 between the water-cooled pipe fitting 12, the upper end of water-cooled pipe fitting 12 links to each other with upper header 13, and its lower end links to each other with lower collecting box 3.
Described upper header 13 is formed by two at least, and each upper header communicates with steam outlet 14 by tube connector or header again; Described lower collecting box 3 is also formed by two at least, and each lower collecting box 3 is gone into pipe 4 by tube connector or header with soft water again and linked to each other.
Upper and lower header is pressed the needs that water cooling tube and each header are arranged, and can make profile by pipe, elliptical tube, rectangular tube or other special pipes is linearity, circular, bent tube form and other different forms.
Described water-cooled pipe fitting 12 cross sections are concentric circles arrangement, polygon stripe-arrangement, concentric circles stagger uniform arrangement, rounded projections arranged or stripe-arrangement.
According to claim 3, big or small header is pressed the needs that water cooling tube and each header are arranged, and can make profile by pipe, elliptical tube, rectangular tube or other special pipes is linearity, circular, bent tube form and other different forms.
Described water-cooled pipe fitting 12 cross sections are pipe, elliptical tube, flat tube, finned tube or the special pipe of hollow.
The beneficial effects of the utility model:
(1) the box reactor of the utility model water cooling tube is changed into the box type cooling unit with shell-and-tube water cooling unit, promptly the shell-and-tube reactor by the past is improved to the box type reactor, because under identical heat transfer load, box type cooling unit take up space is littler than shell-and-tube cooling unit, therefore the space availability ratio of box type reactor can increase 5-15% usually than shell-and-tube height.
(2) in the radial flow of the present utility model, the air-flow cross-flow is by water cooling tube, therefore can increase the heat transfer coefficient 20-30% of gas phase effectively.
In all the radial flow cold drawing formulas before the box reactor of the utility model water cooling tube or the catalytic bed of cooling pipe type, because the area of radial flow passage is excessive, runner is short, flow velocity is low, although its advantage makes resistance drop to minimum, but also cause the heat transfer coefficient of gas phase low excessively simultaneously, even low below 200kcal/m2.c.h, so that the low problem of the heat-transfer intensity of this class reactor, failing all the time to be satisfied with solves.The present invention passes the flow velocity of tube bank and the variation of the flow direction by the different arrangement of water cooling tube density and air-flow cross-flow or baffling, has increased the heat transfer coefficient of gas phase effectively, makes it up to 500-2000kcal/m2..c.h.
(3) the box reactor of the utility model water cooling tube can improve the heat-transfer character of catalytic bed effectively, change with radial direction for gas flow rate in the catalytic bed radially, being flow velocity reduces with the increase of R, therefore the heat transfer coefficient relevant with flow velocity also reduces with the increase of R, reaction heat but is that increase with R increases, therefore, the pure radial reactor heat transfer of this class can not be synchronous with exothermic character.The box reactor of the utility model water cooling tube then changes this defective fully, the adjustment of water pipe arranging density, the flow velocity and the different of heat transfer area of each passage are regulated, the thermal discharge that makes the heat-transfer capability in the differential responses process and change with reaction is realized reaching real optimization fully synchronously.
(4) the box reactor of the utility model water cooling tube does not re-use the thick tube sheet of major diameter, thereby manufacture difficulty descends, cheap, and can to make ratio of height to diameter be 5-8 (the normal axial flow tube shell type is 2-4), therefore, the reactor of same scale, the approximately little 1/2-1/4 of diameter of employing present technique, more help transportation, more help maximizing.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of existing fixed bed catalytic reactor.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of existing shell-and-tube water cooling reactor.
Fig. 3 is one of shell-and-tube water-cooled reactor structural representation of existing Radial Flow.
Fig. 4 be existing Radial Flow shell-and-tube water-cooled reactor structural representation two.
Fig. 5 is a structural representation of the present utility model.
Fig. 6 is the plan structure schematic diagram of Fig. 5.
Fig. 7 is the water supply installation structural representation of the utility model embodiment for cooling water.
Fig. 8 is that water cooling tube of the present utility model is one of staggered structural representation of concentric circles.
Fig. 9 be water cooling tube of the present utility model be rounded projections arranged structural representation two.
Figure 10 be water cooling tube of the present utility model be stripe-arrangement structural representation three.
Figure 11 is that the utility model is four of a flat tube baffling structure arranged schematic diagram.
Figure 12 is that the utility model is five of a polygon staggered structure schematic diagram.
Among the figure: 1 is shell; 2 are the outer real tube when the axial flow; 3 is lower collecting box; 4 go into pipe for soft water; 5 is raw material gas inlet; 6 are the reaction gas outlet; 7 is catalyst self-unloading mouth; 8 is the inertia filler; 9 is the urceolus of gas radial distribution tube or internals; 10 are radially gas collecting jar with ground-on cover plate or central tube; 11 is catalyst; 12 is the water-cooled pipe fitting; 13 is upper header; 14 is the moisture outlet pipe; 15 is manhole.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples the utility model is further described.
Shown in Fig. 5～11.
The box reactor of a kind of vertical water cooling tube, comprise shell 1, the upper end of shell 1 is provided with manhole 15 and raw material gas inlet 5, its lower end is provided with reaction gas outlet 6 and soft water is gone into pipe 4 and catalyst self-unloading mouth 7, according to the difference of flow of feed gas to mode, the enclosure structure can be by multiple different form, Fig. 5 is the structural representation of a kind of comparatively common unstripped gas when working with radial flow fashion, in described shell 1, be provided with gas radial distribution tube 9, center at gas radial distribution tube 9 is provided with gas collecting jar with ground-on cover plate 10, the lower end of gas collecting jar with ground-on cover plate 10 communicates with reaction gas outlet 6, difference according to gas flow, the position of gas radial distribution tube 9 and gas collecting jar with ground-on cover plate 10 can exchange, many water-cooled pipe fittings 12 are installed between gas radial distribution tube 9 and gas collecting jar with ground-on cover plate 10, be filled with catalyst 11 between the water-cooled pipe fitting 12, the upper end of water-cooled pipe fitting 12 links to each other with upper header 13, and its lower end links to each other with lower collecting box 3.
When unstripped gas is worked in the axial flow mode, can adopt another kind of version, many water-cooled pipe fittings 12 promptly directly are installed in described shell 1, between water-cooled pipe fitting 12, be filled with catalyst 11, the upper end of water-cooled pipe fitting 12 links to each other with upper header 13, its lower end links to each other with lower collecting box 3, and this structure is equivalent to gas radial distribution tube 9 and gas collecting jar with ground-on cover plate 10 among Fig. 5 are removed.But when specifically implementing, each tube 9 that distributes of gas footpath can replace with outer real tube 2, and gas collecting jar with ground-on cover plate 10 can adopt a central tube to replace, and also can not use gas collecting jar with ground-on cover plate.
During concrete enforcement, above-mentioned upper header 13 is formed (as Fig. 5) by two at least, and each upper header communicates with steam outlet 14 by tube connector or header again; Described lower collecting box 3 is also formed by two at least, and each lower collecting box 3 is gone into pipe 4 by tube connector or header with soft water again and linked to each other.
Described water-cooled pipe fitting 12 is arranged (Fig. 6), polygon stripe-arrangement (as shown in figure 12), concentric circles stagger uniform arrangement (Fig. 8), rounded projections arranged (Fig. 9) or stripe-arrangement (Figure 10) for concentric circles.
Described water-cooled pipe fitting cross section is pipe (Fig. 6,8), elliptical tube (not shown), flat tube (Figure 11), finned tube or the special pipe of hollow, as screwed pipe, rectangular tube, rhumbatron etc.
During concrete enforcement, shell 1 can adopt corrosion resistant chrome-molybdenum steel to make, according to production scale and operating pressure height, determine that (normal diameter is ￠ 2000-￠ 6000 for the thickness of its diameter, height and compression shell, highly be 8000-25000m/m), the lower end of shell 1 is provided with many soft water and goes into pipe 4, catalyst is then from the top manhole or open spherical cap and pack into from top to bottom, and the shell foot has a plurality of catalyst self-unloading mouths 7, automatically draw off catalyst, then there are raw material gas inlet 5 and reaction gas outlet 6 in the center at the bottom of the ball.
The box reactor of the vertical water cooling tube of the utility model is realized heat exchange by water cooling tube and header, moves the concurrent that thermal medium is saturated aqueous vapor in the water-cooled pipe fitting of leaking water in many inside 12, thereby the water-cooled pipe fitting is a kind of hot body that moves near isothermal.
The unstripped gas that enters reactor is after the urceolus 9 multiply radial inflow catalytic bed of distribute tube or internals, the catalyst layer of annular is passed in cross-flow, the limit chemical reaction, the limit passes to water-cooled pipe fitting 12 with reaction heat, after gas collecting jar with ground-on cover plate or central tube 10 converge outflow and (see Fig. 5, the direction of arrow in 6), because the heat transfer medium in the cold pipe-saturation water keeps isothermal, saturation water is drawn high-order drum byproduct steam by reactor top, all the other soft water then form the Temperature Distribution of automatic circulation (see figure 7) so reactor catalyst bed very near constant temperature through the lower end that down-comer returns cold pipe, make whole beds be in the state operation down of highly stable approximate isothermal all the time, the temperature of whole bed is then controlled by the pressure of gas bag.
The arrangement of water-cooled pipe fitting 12 and structure are what arrange from level to level along the circumferencial direction of reactor, and catalyst filling 11 between each cold pipe, the top and bottom of each water-cooled pipe fitting are provided with delivery port and water inlet, can link to each other by header, the form that also can adopt crooked tail pipe and big header tube to join is connected with down-comer with the tedge of gas bag and have the supply mains to draw reactor on the big header tube.The arrangement mode of each water-cooled pipe fitting 12 can be calculated the thermal discharge of catalytic reaction by the designer by production scale, and need the factors such as resistance of moving heat, bed of cold pipe to design, the arrangement architecture of final decision reactor overall size and cold pipe, heat transfer area comprising cold pipe, the volume number of cold pipe, each organizes the number of bobbin carriage, the spacing of cold pipe, size of the length of cold pipe and cold pipe aquaporin or the like.The arrangement architecture of water-cooled pipe fitting 12 can have various ways, concentric circles as shown in Figure 8, triangle shown in Figure 9, bar shaped shown in Figure 10 or the like.The cold pipe of which kind of structure is adopted in design, then can be determined the analysis of various pros and cons according to the designer.
The purpose of the radial flow distributor of the box reactor of the utility model water cooling tube is to reduce the fluid resistance of bed, and radial bed is made of atmolysis cylinder and gas collecting jar with ground-on cover plate, and both in (from inside to outside or from inside to outside) is arranged on according to the direction of air-flow or outside.
The box reactor of the utility model water cooling tube also can be the structure of axial flow, but different be that the outer tube that distributes can be by 2 replacements of the outer real tube of internals of an integral body, the center discharge is replaced by a central tube, also can fully phase out the center discharge.
The utility model does not relate to the part prior art that maybe can adopt all same as the prior art to be realized.
Claims (10)
1, the box reactor of a kind of vertical water cooling tube, comprise shell (1), the upper end of shell (1) is provided with manhole (15) and gas access (5), its lower end is provided with reaction gas outlet (6) and soft water is gone into pipe (4) and catalyst self-unloading mouth (7), it is characterized in that: in described shell (1), be provided with gas radial distribution tube (9), be provided with gas collecting jar with ground-on cover plate (10) at the center of gas radial distribution tube (9), gas collecting jar with ground-on cover plate (10) lower end communicates with reaction gas outlet (6), difference according to gas flow, the position of gas radial distribution tube (9) and gas collecting jar with ground-on cover plate (10) can exchange, between gas radial distribution tube (9) and gas collecting jar with ground-on cover plate (10), many water-cooled pipe fittings (12) are installed, be filled with catalyst (11) between the water-cooled pipe fitting (12), the upper end of water-cooled pipe fitting (12) links to each other with upper header (13), and its lower end links to each other with lower collecting box (3).
2, the box reactor of vertical water cooling tube according to claim 1 is characterized in that described upper header (13) forms by two at least, and each upper header communicates with steam outlet (14) by tube connector or header again; Described lower collecting box (3) is also formed by two at least, and each lower collecting box (3) is gone into pipe (4) by tube connector or header with soft water again and linked to each other.
3, the box reactor of vertical water cooling tube according to claim 2, it is characterized in that the needs that described upper and lower header is arranged by water cooling tube and each header, can make profile by pipe, elliptical tube, rectangular tube or other special pipes is linearity, circular, bent tube form and other different form structures.
4, the box reactor of vertical water cooling tube according to claim 1 is characterized in that described water-cooled pipe fitting (12) is concentric circles arrangement, polygon stripe-arrangement, concentric circles stagger uniform arrangement, rounded projections arranged or stripe-arrangement.
5, the box reactor of vertical water cooling tube according to claim 1, the cross section that it is characterized in that described water-cooled pipe fitting (12) is pipe, elliptical tube, flat tube, finned tube or the special pipe of hollow.
6, the box reactor of a kind of vertical water cooling tube, comprise shell (1), the upper end of shell (1) is provided with manhole (15) and gas access (5), its lower end is provided with reaction gas outlet (6) and soft water is gone into pipe (4) and catalyst self-unloading mouth (7), it is characterized in that: many water-cooled pipe fittings (12) are installed in described shell (1), be filled with catalyst (11) between the water-cooled pipe fitting (12), the upper end of water-cooled pipe fitting (12) links to each other with upper header (13), and its lower end links to each other with lower collecting box (3).
7, the box reactor of vertical water cooling tube according to claim 6 is characterized in that described upper header (13) forms by two at least, and each upper header communicates with steam outlet (14) by tube connector or header again; Described lower collecting box (3) is also formed by two at least, and each lower collecting box (3) is gone into pipe (4) by tube connector or header with soft water again and linked to each other.
8, the box reactor of vertical water cooling tube according to claim 7, it is characterized in that the needs that described upper and lower header is arranged by water cooling tube and each header, can make profile by pipe, elliptical tube, rectangular tube or other special pipes is linearity, circular, bent tube form and other different form structures.
9, the box reactor of vertical water cooling tube according to claim 6 is characterized in that described water-cooled pipe fitting (12) is concentric circles arrangement, polygon stripe-arrangement, concentric circles stagger uniform arrangement, rounded projections arranged or stripe-arrangement.
10, the box reactor of vertical water cooling tube according to claim 6, the cross section that it is characterized in that described water-cooled pipe fitting (12) is pipe, elliptical tube, flat tube, finned tube or the special pipe of hollow.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNU2008200403958U CN201186210Y (en) | 2008-07-22 | 2008-07-22 | Vertical type water-cooling tube box type reactor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNU2008200403958U CN201186210Y (en) | 2008-07-22 | 2008-07-22 | Vertical type water-cooling tube box type reactor |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN201186210Y true CN201186210Y (en) | 2009-01-28 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNU2008200403958U Expired - Lifetime CN201186210Y (en) | 2008-07-22 | 2008-07-22 | Vertical type water-cooling tube box type reactor |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN201186210Y (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105080435A (en) * | 2014-05-16 | 2015-11-25 | Ifp新能源公司 | Multi-tube radial bed reactor |
| CN105829824A (en) * | 2013-12-18 | 2016-08-03 | 卡萨尔公司 | Shell and tube heat exchanger with a shell having a polygonal section |
-
2008
- 2008-07-22 CN CNU2008200403958U patent/CN201186210Y/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105829824A (en) * | 2013-12-18 | 2016-08-03 | 卡萨尔公司 | Shell and tube heat exchanger with a shell having a polygonal section |
| CN105829824B (en) * | 2013-12-18 | 2018-09-28 | 卡萨尔公司 | The shell and tube heat exchanger and pressurized equipment of shell with polygonal cross-section |
| CN105080435A (en) * | 2014-05-16 | 2015-11-25 | Ifp新能源公司 | Multi-tube radial bed reactor |
| CN105080435B (en) * | 2014-05-16 | 2019-07-12 | Ifp 新能源公司 | Multitube radial bed reactor |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| ASS | Succession or assignment of patent right |
Owner name: NANJING GOODCHINA CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Free format text: FORMER OWNER: LV ZHONGMING Effective date: 20100925 |
|
| C41 | Transfer of patent application or patent right or utility model | ||
| TR01 | Transfer of patent right |
Effective date of registration: 20100925 Address after: 210044, No. 355, Ning six road, Yanjiang Industrial Development Zone, Nanjing, Jiangsu, Nanjing Patentee after: Nanjing Goodchina Chemical Technologies Co., Ltd. Address before: 210044, beside the Xin Xin gas station, Yanjiang Development Zone, Nanjing, Jiangsu Patentee before: Lv Zhongming |
|
| CX01 | Expiry of patent term | ||
| CX01 | Expiry of patent term |
Granted publication date: 20090128 |