CN106727987A - 一种治疗咳嗽的药物 - Google Patents
一种治疗咳嗽的药物 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
一种治疗咳嗽的药物，由以下重量份配比的原料药材制成：金银花6400g、连翘6400g、薄荷脑200g、黄芩3000g、枸橼酸喷托维林片50g、马来酸氯苯那敏片200g、吐温（80）400g、甘油4000g；取黄芩提取液、金银花提取液和连翘提取液混合后，在混合液中加蒸馏水稀释，取枸橼酸喷托维林和马来酸氯苯那敏分别溶解后加入稀释液中，取薄荷脑溶解后加入稀释液中，再取甘油用吐温‑（80）溶解后加入稀释液中，最后加蒸馏水至20000ml 即得。具有抗炎止咳、疗效快、药效好、成本低和容易吸收的优点。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及中药技术领域，具体是一种治疗咳嗽的药物。
背景技术
咳嗽是临床常见的症状之一，长期顽固性咳嗽也是临床治疗上的一个难题。目前市场上治疗咳嗽的中西药止咳制剂很多，多采用口服给药的方式，虽有一定的疗效，但由于受药代动力学影响，有的疗效不明显，有的还有较大副作用，并且价格较昂贵。因此需要开发一种疗效安全可靠、毒副作用低的药物。
发明内容
针对现有技术存在的不足，本发明提出一种治疗咳嗽的药物，具有抗炎止咳、疗效
快、药效好、成本低和容易吸收的优点。
1、本发明的组方由以下重量份配比的原料药材制成：
金银花6400g、连翘6400g、薄荷脑200g、黄芩3000g、枸橼酸喷托维林片50g、马来酸氯苯那敏片200g、吐温（80）400g、甘油4000g 。
2、制备工艺流程。
一、黄芩提取
取黄芩制成细粉，加入沸水中淹过药面2-10cm，煮沸45 分钟，用四层纱布过滤，药渣再用水煮沸45 分钟，合并两次初滤液，浓缩后加入市场购得的浓度36% 浓盐酸，边加浓盐酸边用pH 试纸测定，随加随搅拌，调节至pH 值1-2，水浴上80℃保温半小时，待沉淀析出后，倾去上清液再滤去沉淀中水分，加8 倍蒸馏水搅拌使沉淀析出，然后加入市场购得的浓度40%氢氧化钠，边加氢氧化钠边用pH 试纸测定，随加随搅拌，调节至pH 值7，即得黄芩提取液，备用。
二、金银花提取
取金银花加入冷水淹过药面2-10cm，煮沸30 分钟，用四层纱布过滤，药渣再加水淹过药面10cm 煮沸30 分钟，合并两次初滤液，浓缩后加入市场购得的浓度20% 浓石灰乳调成强碱性，边加石灰乳边用pH 试纸测定，随加随搅拌，调节至pH 值9-10，过滤，按质量比例为1 ：2 在过滤液中加入浓度95% 乙醇沉淀过夜，过滤，滤液用50% 硫酸调pH 至3-4，再用40%氢氧化钠中和至pH 值5-7 过滤，此时过滤液中沉淀物很少，即得金银花提取液，备用。
三、连翘煎煮
取连翘加入冷水淹过药面10cm，浸泡过夜，煮沸30 分钟，过滤，药渣加水淹过药面10cm煮沸30 分钟，过滤，合并两次滤液，浓缩，加浓度95% 乙醇沉淀过夜，过滤，滤液浓缩回收乙醇至浸膏密度为1.32 即得连翘提取液，备用。
四、混合步骤
取步骤（一）至（三）提取的黄芩提取液、金银花提取液和连翘提取液混合后，按质量比例1:2 在混合液中加蒸馏水稀释，取枸橼酸喷托维林和马来酸氯苯那敏分别溶解后加入稀释液中，边加边搅拌，然后取薄荷脑用浓度95% 乙醇溶解后加入稀释液中，边加边搅拌，再取甘油用吐温-（80）溶解后加入稀释液中，最后加蒸馏水至20000ml 即得。
现代医学研究表明，连翘和金银花具有抗炎、抗过敏、解热作用，对多种试验性炎
症有明显抑制作用，本申请全方合用共同发挥清热解毒，止咳化痰之功而达到治疗病症的
功效。各原料药各有其功，互相帮助并无相畏相杀。相互有协同作用，且抗菌作用明显，能减轻COPD 患者细菌负荷。可减轻烟雾吸入所致微血管通透性增加，减少肺泡灌洗液中白细胞的数量和蛋白质量，使肺内白细胞浸润减少，肺水肿、出血、充血减轻。
本发明制备的药品具有辛凉解表、清热解毒和止咳化痰的功能。本药品为棕色液体，按15ml/ 瓶包装，用于咳嗽、咽痛、上呼吸道感染和急慢性支气管炎，尤其对长期顽固性干咳疗效较好。
用法用量：按压喷嘴，每次5-6 喷，每日3-4 次；症状较重时，每次7-8 喷，每隔3小时喷1 次。
按照本发明提供的用于治疗咳嗽的药剂，根据分型开展了相应的临床疗效观察及急性毒性试验和长毒试验，其结果：
1、本发明临床疗效观察：用于治疗咳嗽，总有效率为93.89%。其中对急性热性咳嗽疗效最佳，有效率为100% ；急性寒热夹杂咳嗽、慢性热性咳嗽分别为96.67% ；慢性寒热夹杂咳嗽95% ；急性寒性咳嗽88.33 %、慢性寒性咳嗽86.67%（见下表）。
治疗300 例咳嗽临床疗效观察
证 型 列 数 有效 好转 无效 有效率
急性寒性咳嗽 60 33 20 7 88.33 %
急性热性咳嗽 60 56 4 0 100%
急性寒热夹杂咳嗽 60 54 4 2 96.67%
慢性寒性咳嗽 60 37 15 8 86.67%
慢性热性咳嗽 60 45 13 2 96.67%
慢性寒热夹杂咳嗽 60 43 14 3 95%
2、本发明制作药品的急性毒性试验和长毒试验疗效安全可靠，试验结果如下：
实验目的：观察小鼠口服止咳合剂的急性毒性反应；
实验材料：（1）药物：昆明市第三人民医院提供；取本品药物180ml，浓缩至25ml 供实验用；（2）动物：清洁级ICR 小鼠，18-22g，雌雄各半，由昆明医学院提供。合格证号：云动管第9806 号。
实验方法：本品经预试测不出口服给药的LD50, 故进行最大耐受量测定。取体重20±2g 小鼠20 只，雌雄各半，禁食12 小时后，用上述药液一次性灌胃0.4 ml/10g）然后连续观察7 天。
实验结果：按最高浓度（7.2g 生药/ml）及小鼠最大灌胃量（0.4 ml/10g）计算剂量为288g 生药/Kg，按公斤体重计算，相当于成人每日常用量（2.14 g 生药/Kg）的134 倍；按动物体表面积系数折算，相当于70 Kg 体重成人每日常用量的14 倍以上，20 只小鼠7 天内无一死亡及中毒。小鼠灌胃本品的最大耐受量为288g 生药/Kg，证明本品口服的安全性较高。
Claims (1)
1.一种治疗咳嗽的药物，其特征在于，由以下重量份配比的原料药材制成：金银花
6400g、连翘6400g、薄荷脑200g、黄芩3000g、枸橼酸喷托维林片50g、马来酸氯苯那敏片200g、吐温（80）400g、甘油4000g ；制备工艺如下：
（1）、黄芩提取步骤
取黄芩制成细粉，加入沸水中淹过药面2-10cm，煮沸45 分钟，用四层纱布过滤，药渣再用水煮沸45 分钟，合并两次初滤液，浓缩后加入市场购得的浓度36% 浓盐酸，边加浓盐酸边用pH 试纸测定，随加随搅拌，调节至pH 值1-2，水浴上80℃保温半小时，待沉淀析出后，倾去上清液再滤去沉淀中水分，加8 倍蒸馏水搅拌使沉淀析出，然后加入市场购得的浓度40%氢氧化钠，边加氢氧化钠边用pH 试纸测定，随加随搅拌，调节至pH 值7，即得黄芩提取液；
（2）、金银花提取步骤
取金银花加入冷水淹过药面2-10cm，煮沸30 分钟，用四层纱布过滤，药渣再加水淹过药面10cm 煮沸30 分钟，合并两次初滤液，浓缩后加入市场购得的浓度20% 浓石灰乳调成强碱性，边加石灰乳边用pH 试纸测定，随加随搅拌，调节至pH 值9-10，过滤，按质量比例为1 ：2 在过滤液中加入浓度95% 乙醇沉淀过夜，过滤，滤液用浓度50% 硫酸调pH 至3-4，再用浓度40% 氢氧化钠中和至pH 值5-7 过滤，此时过滤液中沉淀物很少，即得金银花提取液；
（3）、连翘提取步骤
取连翘加入冷水淹过药面10cm，浸泡过夜，煮沸30 分钟，过滤，药渣加水淹过药面10cm煮沸30 分钟，过滤，合并两次滤液，浓缩，加浓度95% 乙醇沉淀过夜，过滤，滤液浓缩回收乙醇至浸膏密度为1.32 即得连翘提取液；
（4）、混合步骤
取步骤（1）至（3）提取的黄芩提取液、金银花提取液和连翘提取液混合后，按质量比例1:2 在混合液中加蒸馏水稀释，取枸橼酸喷托维林和马来酸氯苯那敏分别溶解后加入稀释液中，边加边搅拌，然后取薄荷脑用浓度95% 乙醇溶解后加入稀释液中，边加边搅拌，再取甘油用吐温-（80）溶解后加入稀释液中，最后加蒸馏水至20000ml 即得。
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