CN106719467A - A kind of Winter safety store method without diapause polyvoltinism cultivated silkworm breed variety - Google Patents

A kind of Winter safety store method without diapause polyvoltinism cultivated silkworm breed variety Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106719467A
CN106719467A CN201611024648.8A CN201611024648A CN106719467A CN 106719467 A CN106719467 A CN 106719467A CN 201611024648 A CN201611024648 A CN 201611024648A CN 106719467 A CN106719467 A CN 106719467A
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silkworm
diapause
food
polyvoltinism
hormone
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钱荷英
孙平江
徐安英
李刚
张月华
李龙
刘明珠
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Jiangsu University of Science and Technology
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Jiangsu University of Science and Technology
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01KANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K67/00Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
    • A01K67/033Rearing or breeding invertebrates; New breeds of invertebrates
    • A01K67/04Silkworms

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Animal Husbandry (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Fodder In General (AREA)
  • Coloring Foods And Improving Nutritive Qualities (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of Winter safety store method without diapause polyvoltinism cultivated silkworm breed variety.The method is by the ripe phase, using artificial synthesized Insect Diapause hormone in any one silkworm rearing season without diapause polyvoltinism cultivated silkworm breed variety mulberry leaf continuously rearing or 5 ages of last silkworm rearing season(Diapause hormone, DH), female silkworm carried out at regular time and quantity disposably to add food, normally it is placed on small straw bundles to spin cocoons, pupates, give birth to nongenetic Diapausing egg in emergence post-coitum.The Diapausing egg is protected with reference to conventional method so that without diapause polyvoltinism cultivated silkworm breed variety in the winter time can safe overwintering, the offspring of next year termination of diapause recovers the characteristic without diapause polyvoltinism kind again.

Description

A kind of Winter safety store method without diapause polyvoltinism cultivated silkworm breed variety
Technical field
It is to use specifically the present invention relates to a kind of Winter safety store method without diapause polyvoltinism cultivated silkworm breed variety The artificial method for adding food diapause hormone, enables to give birth to Diapausing egg without diapause polyvoltinism Silkworm varieties, is protected so as to reach efficient, safety Deposit the new method without diapause polyvoltinism cultivated silkworm breed variety.
Background technology
Silk is equally celebrated for their achievements with the art of printing, gunpowder, compass, is the monument of Ancient Times in China science and culture.Over the past thousands of years, " farming and sericulture Lay equal stress on, men plough the fields and women weave " policy of founding a state for Chinese nation's expanding economy is made that tremendous contribution.At present, China's silk yield Account for the 70% and more than 80% of world's total value respectively with export volume, Silk Industry be China a few can dominate international market, There are one of independent intellectual property right, dominant tradition industry of great Chinese national characteristic again.
Used as the centre of origin of world silkworm, China possesses silkworm germ plasm resource most abundant in the world.Silkworm germ plasm resource was both It is the important component of bio-diversity, is most advantageous and characteristic the genetic resources of China, is to carry out silkworm breeding theory The material base of excellent new silkworm breed is studied and cultivated, is the good material for carrying out science of heredity, biological study, be also to ensure China Silkworm industry stabilization, sustainable development, continue prevailing strategic resource in the world.Therefore, the preservation of silkworm germ plasm resource is outstanding It is aobvious important.
Silkworm under field conditions (factors), a change, two changes and polyvoltine is divided into according to there is generation difference in 1 year with ovum state diapause Property kind.Polyvoltinism Silkworm varieties are divided into again has diapause polyvoltinism kind and without diapause polyvoltinism kind.There are duration of diapause polyvoltinism product Plant has part Diapausing egg to produce from generation to generation at each, and fast without the development of duration of diapause polyvoltinism Silkworm varieties, and life cycle is short, respectively from generation to generation Produce without Diapausing egg, whole year needs to raise for 7~8 generations incessantly could succeeding preservation.
State of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences eggs of silkworm matter resource conservation center (Zhenjiang, Jiangsu) now preserves more than 700 part silkworm egg matter money Source, wherein 15 parts is without diapause polyvoltinism kind.Due to climate reasons, can only be bred silkworms 4~5 times with mulberry leaf every year, annual 11 The moon to March next year does not have mulberry leaf to produce, and very big difficult and risk is brought to the preservation without diapause polyvoltinism Silkworm varieties.At this section Phase can only be raised using man-made feeds, subculture, preservation.Because utilization man-made feeds sericulture technical requirements are high, high cost, with And different silkworm races are different to man-made feeds adaptability;Some kind ration sizes are poor, develop uneven, oviposition sex poor or even can not Spawning;As can be seen here, manually feed is raised, preservation has great risk without diapause polyvoltinism Silkworm varieties.Therefore, it is intended that not Influence is preserved under conditions of change, principal character characteristic and the economic characters of kind, to without diapause polyvoltinism Silkworm varieties winter Techniques of preserving is innovated, it is ensured that can obtain safe and efficient preservation without diapause polyvoltinism kind winter;And 2-3 can be reduced Secondary sericulture number of times, saves substantial amounts of human and material resources and financial resources, is greatly enhanced preservation work efficiency.
The content of the invention
Goal of the invention:Not enough present in existing kind Techniques of preserving in order to overcome, the present invention provides one kind will in 5 age silkworms The aging time Insect Diapause hormone (Diapause Hormone, DH) artificial synthesized using food is orally added, makes without diapause polyvoltinism Silkworm varieties give birth to the Diapausing egg of nongenetic, the method that safe efficient preservation can be obtained in the winter time.
Technical scheme:To reach above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides a kind of Winter safety without diapause polyvoltinism cultivated silkworm breed variety Store method, the 5 of any one silkworm rearing season of mulberry leaf raising or last silkworm rearing season is being carried out without diapause polyvoltinism cultivated silkworm breed variety in season The female individuals of ripe silkworm are carried out Insect Diapause hormone dilution by aging time, the method using food is orally freshened by age to 5 ages Add food, the silkworm after adding food DH is placed on small straw bundles to spin cocoons and cocoons, pupates, sprouting wings according to a conventional method, and non-heredity is obtained with normal male moth post-coitum Property Diapausing egg, so as to reach without diapause polyvoltinism cultivated silkworm breed variety Winter safety preserve purpose.
Ensure to freshen the validity of food, the grasp for freshening the food time is key, it is necessary to pay close attention to the aging journey of female silkworm in time Degree, food is added what silkworm carried out DH within will be ripe 0.5 day.
It is described add food DH specific method be:Will the ripe rule of female silkworm one sort out, be placed in small lunch box, 1 1 silkworm is put in individual box, each kind typically selects 15~20;Fresh mulberry leaf are cut into the square of 3 × 3cm sizes, leaf Shakeout upward at the back side;The mulberry leaf back side is dropped to 8~15 μ lDH solution that pipette, extract active constituent content is 1.0 μ g/ μ l, is used DH solution is equably filled blade by glass bar, and silkworm is fed after slightly drying;One layer of hygenic towelette moisturizing is spread in the sub- inner face of lid, is then covered Tight lunch box, after silkworm eats up the mulberry leaf for having applied DH solution, with common white paper roll into tubular, matured silkworm is placed in paper cylinder and is tied Cocoon.
Record is cocoond the time, peels off cocoon after silkworm pupates, and takes out silkworm chrysalis, and silkworm chrysalis is shared in sterilized gas-permeable container In box, protection is extremely sprouted wings at 25 DEG C -26 DEG C of temperature and the relative humidities of 70-75%;Mated with normal male moth, given birth to Nongenetic diapause silkworm seed, protected with reference to the conventional method that has diapause polyvoltinism kind.
Beneficial effect:The present invention compared with the prior art for, with advantages below:
The present invention is the characteristic determined during pupal cell ovary maturity using the Diapause of silkworm seed, to will be ripe it is female Silkworm adds food Insect Diapause hormone, obtains the Diapausing egg of nongenetic, and its Diapause rate is high, is conducive to without diapause polyvoltinism Silkworm varieties Succeeding preservation.Meanwhile, under conditions of the change of kind and feature and economic characters are not influenceed, can either reduce without diapause The preservation risk of polyvoltinism cultivated silkworm breed variety, and the sericulture number of times of 2-3 times is also reduced, work efficiency has been significantly increased, save Human and material resources and financial resources.Therefore, this is a kind of preservation effective, safe and practical without duration of diapause polyvoltinism Silkworm varieties winter Method.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is to be coloured through adding the Diapausing egg-silkworm seed produced after food DH is processed, diapause;
Fig. 2 is, not diapause not colored without the non-Diapausing egg-silkworm seed for adding food DH treatment check plot.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is further described below.
First, to the explanation using material
1st, Silkworm varieties source and characteristic:
Inst. of Silkworm, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences introduced the common without diapause polyvoltinism cultivated silkworm breed variety of preservation from foreign countries in recent years 15 parts, with high-temp resisting high-humidity resisting, constitution is strong, developmental duration is short, it is annual without diapause the features such as, be scientific research and teaching etc. it is special Material.In recent years we be Chinese Academy of Sciences's Shanghai school of life and health sciences, Chinese University of Science and Technology, Zhongshan University, Southwest University, The research institutions such as University Of Suzhou, Zhejiang University provide experiment material of tens of secondary numbers in terms of ten thousand.
2nd, diapause hormone source and characteristic:
Artificial synthesized Insect Diapause hormone (diapause hormone, DH), is a kind of polypeptide hormone, by 24 amino Sour residue is constituted, C-terminal amidatioon, and amino acid sequence is
H-Thr-Asp-Met-Lys-Asp-Glu-Ser-Asp-Arg-Gly-Ala-His-Ser-Glu-Arg-Gly- Ala-Leu-Cys-Phe-Gly-Pro-Arg-Leu-NH2, molecular weight is 2645.(public, see reference document:K Imai,TKonno,Y Nakazawa, et al.Isolation and Structure of Diapause Hormone of the Silkworm, Bombyx mori.Proceedings of the Japan Academy, 1991,67 (6):98-101.).It is logical After crossing to ripe female silkworm is orally added into a certain amount of DH of food without diapause polyvoltinism cultivated silkworm breed variety, can make without diapause polyvoltinism silkworm Moth gives birth to Diapausing egg, and as shown in Figure 1, 2, ovum color ratio is compared with (1:Coloured through adding the Diapausing egg-silkworm seed produced after food DH is processed, it is stagnant Educate;2:Not colored, the not diapause without the non-Diapausing egg-silkworm seed for adding food DH treatment check plot).The Diapausing egg obtained with the method is not With heredity, recover the characteristic without diapause polyvoltinism kind after its offspring's termination of diapause again.
2nd, specific implementation step:
1st, food period is freshened:Any one silkworm rearing season of mulberry leaf raising or last is carried out in non-diapause multivoltine silkworm kind One 5 age of silkworm rearing season will be carried out in aging preceding 0.5 day.
2nd, by the determination of matured silkworm:Under conditions of non-diapause multivoltine silkworm variety is 26 DEG C in environment temperature, general 5 age 5-6 days are needed from first feeding to maturation;The present invention from 5 ages by the female silkworm 15-20 bars of about 5 days, now in silkworm body, rear portion it is saturating Bright and jaundice, only cephalothorax are slightly in Bluish white;Full maturity (the shinny yellowing of whole body, do not eat mulberry leaf) or do not show also The silkworm of maturity state (whole body is bluish white, does not show transparent, in addition it is also necessary to eat a large amount of mulberry leaf) is all rejected.
3rd, the preparation of food liquid is added:Artificial synthesized Insect Diapause hormone (DH) is diluted with sterilized water, active ingredient is configured to Content is the solution of 1.0 μ g/ μ l.The agent of Insect Diapause prohormone need to be preserved under conditions of -70 DEG C, by original during prepared and diluted liquid It is after agent is slowly thawed then now with the current.
4th, the effective dose of food liquid is added:According to the experimental result of table 1,8~15 μ g/ silkworms are the effective dose model for adding food DH Enclose, 5 ages of food are orally added by ripe female silkworm, the Diapausing egg that quantity can be produced not wait with this dosage.And produce Diapausing egg quantity Number, and have direct relation with the size of its food addictive amount.In the range of 8~13 μ g/ silkworms, with increasing for dosage, The ratio that Diapausing egg occurs is gradually risen, and later with the increase of dosage, the ratio that Diapausing egg occurs is reduced on the contrary, more than 15 μ After g/ silkworms, the emergence of pupa is greatly affected, or even the withered phenomenon of not sprouting wings of pupa occurs.
The DH of table 1 adds the result of the test application form for eating female silkworm
Note:1. the data of survey item are the average of many experiments.2. included in non-Diapausing egg and go out ovum again and turn blue or green dead Ovum.
5th, food method is freshened:By selected will ripe female silkworm every be individually placed in clean small lunch box, lunch box bottom The clean blank sheet of paper of one layer of portion's pad;New fresh mulberry leaf is diced (general 3 × 3cm), vein tiles upward;Matched somebody with somebody with pipette, extract The DH solution put takes 8~15ul drops on 1 mulberry leaf, with glass bar uniform application to whole blade;Waiting a few minutes treat molten After liquid is slightly dry, 1 silkworm feeds 1 mulberry leaf;Inner face one layer of hygenic towelette moisturizing of tiling of lunch box lid, then covers lunch box, waits silkworm Youngster suffers all mulberry leaf;Cocooning in the paper web that blank sheet of paper is rolled into is placed on after silkworm is ripe.
6th, the protection of silkworm chrysalis and the protection of silkworm seed:Silkworm after food DH liquid has been added is cocoond after pupating, and cuts cocoon and takes pupa, and pupa is spread out In in clean lunch box, protection is extremely sprouted wings at 25 DEG C~26 DEG C of temperature and 70~75% damp condition, with normal male moth Mating, the nongenetic diapause silkworm seed given birth to is protected with reference to conventional method.
7th, the diapause sex investigation laid eggs after food DH is added:To orally add food DH female silkworm chrysalis sprout wings after silkworm moth with without adding The male silk moth mating for the treatment of is eaten, to be laid eggs and Grey Egg is reformed into after 2 days under the conditions of 25 DEG C -26 DEG C (non-Diapausing egg color is yellowish Color), continue to protect 10 days or so, whether the diapause of investigation silkworm seed to be.If now turning blue or green and hatching as non-Diapause silkworm seed, and It is then Diapause silkworm seed that only annesl does not turn blue or green and hatching.
8th, the proterties investigation of Diapausing egg offspring:The Diapause silkworm seed that will be obtained continues to protect 2 under the conditions of 25 DEG C~26 DEG C Individual month or so, then protected 1~2 day with 15 DEG C, refrigerated 3 months or so finally at 5 DEG C~2.5 DEG C.Carried out to April next year Normally hasten the hatching of silkworms, collect ants, raising to being placed on small straw bundles to spin cocoons and cocoon, changing selfing spawning after moth, its silkworm seed (F1 generation of Diapausing egg) is non-diapause Property ovum;Then, by the F1 generation of Diapausing egg according to a conventional method subculture to F2 generations, also all non-Diapausing eggs of laying eggs.As can be seen here, The oral food DH that adds will not produce any influence to the change without diapause polyvoltinism kind offspring, remain in that its is intrinsic without stagnant Educate polyvoltinism feature.During the Offspring F1 and F2 for raising Diapausing egg, the relevant proterties for the treatment of kind is investigated, with Check plot is compared, and without obvious difference (referring to table 2) is produced, the Silkworm varieties feature that explanation the method is processed is not Change, only improve only the efficiency and security preserved without diapause polyvoltinism kind.
The F of table 22For major traits comparison sheet
Project Through freshening food treatment region Without freshening food treatment region
Kind name In the tower of Nice In the tower of Nice
Ovum color It is faint yellow It is faint yellow
Chorion color Milky Milky
Single moth eggs on average grain number (grain) 346 355
General hatchability (%) 93.62 92.75
Newly-hatched silkworm body colour Dark brown Dark brown
5 ages passed through (d: h) 6∶06 6∶12
Full age passes through (d: h) 23∶06 23∶12
Grown silkworm body colour It is bluish white It is bluish white
Grown silkworm speckle General spot General spot
Cocoon color It is golden yellow It is golden yellow
Cocoon shape Length is ellipse Length is ellipse
Cocoon weight (g) 1.080 1.069
Cocoon shell weight (g) 0.142 0.141
Cocoon layer ratio (%) 13.15 13.19
Lower generation ovum diapause situation Not diapause Not diapause
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that:For the ordinary skill people of the art For member, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, some improvements and modifications can also be made, these improvements and modifications also should It is considered as protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. a kind of Winter safety store method without diapause polyvoltinism cultivated silkworm breed variety, it is characterised in that:
1)Basic skills:Method using food Insect Diapause hormone is manually added, Insect Diapause hormone is DH;
2)Freshen the food time:Will be ripe in 5 ages of any silkworm rearing season raised without diapause polyvoltinism cultivated silkworm breed variety or last silkworm rearing season in season Before phase in 0.5 day;
3)Freshen the active constituent content of the DH solution of food:Active constituent content is more than 0.1 μ g/ μ l;
4)Freshen the effective dose of food:Effective dose is more than 0.8 μ g/ silkworms;
5)Freshen food object:Without diapause silkworm by the female individuals of matured silkworm.
2. a kind of Winter safety store method without diapause polyvoltinism cultivated silkworm breed variety according to claim 1, its feature exists In:The artificial synthesized Insect Diapause hormone for being used is a kind of polypeptide hormone, is made up of 24 amino acid residues, C-terminal acyl Amination, amino acid sequence is H-Thr-Asp-Met-Lys-Asp-Glu-Ser-Asp-Arg-Gly-Ala-His-Ser-Gl u- Arg-Gly-Ala-Leu-Cys-Phe-Gly-Pro-Arg-Leu-NH2, molecular weight is 2645, by Shanghai University's school of life and health sciences Artificial synthesized, the DH that respective concentration is configured to after dilution freshens food liquid.
3. a kind of Winter safety store method of non-diapause multivoltine silkworm variety according to claim 1, its feature It is:The male and female of silkworm are separately raised at 5 initial stages in age, every female silkworm is individually added again when silkworm will be ripe the DH dilutions of food 8-15 μ l Liquid, is individually placed on small straw bundles to spin cocoons, cocoons.
4. the Winter safety store method of a kind of non-diapause multivoltine silkworm variety according to claim 1-3, it is special Levy and be:In silkworm aging rear and pupa time, it is allowed to be protected under 25 DEG C -26 DEG C of temperature, the relative humidities of 70-75% Protect to sprouting wings, will be mated with normal male moth through adding the female moth sprouted wings after food DH liquid, the silkworm seed given birth to, reference has duration of diapause polyvoltine The conventional method of property kind is protected.
CN201611024648.8A 2016-11-14 2016-11-14 A kind of Winter safety store method without diapause polyvoltinism cultivated silkworm breed variety Pending CN106719467A (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108048464A (en) * 2017-12-19 2018-05-18 浙江大学 It is a kind of that univoltine kind silkworm is allowed to produce the siRNA of non-Diapausing egg, preparation method and application
CN113142143A (en) * 2021-04-19 2021-07-23 福建农林大学 Method for breaking diapause of Monochamus alternatus diapause larvae

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JPH03155733A (en) * 1989-11-13 1991-07-03 Norin Suisansyo Sanshi Konchiyuu Nogyo Gijutsu Kenkyusho Rearing of silkworm
CN101361474A (en) * 2008-09-19 2009-02-11 江苏科技大学 Preparation method of silkworm commercial race transgene silkworm egg
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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108048464A (en) * 2017-12-19 2018-05-18 浙江大学 It is a kind of that univoltine kind silkworm is allowed to produce the siRNA of non-Diapausing egg, preparation method and application
CN113142143A (en) * 2021-04-19 2021-07-23 福建农林大学 Method for breaking diapause of Monochamus alternatus diapause larvae

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Application publication date: 20170531