CN106718976B - Preparation method of activated carbon cat litter - Google Patents
Preparation method of activated carbon cat litter Download PDFInfo
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- CN106718976B CN106718976B CN201611114636.4A CN201611114636A CN106718976B CN 106718976 B CN106718976 B CN 106718976B CN 201611114636 A CN201611114636 A CN 201611114636A CN 106718976 B CN106718976 B CN 106718976B
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- activated carbon
- calcining
- powdery
- cat litter
- mixture
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 77
- 241000282326 Felis catus Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229910052613 tourmaline Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229940070527 tourmaline Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000011032 tourmaline Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000001877 deodorizing effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 11
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 7
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000000249 desinfective effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004332 deodorization Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011895 specific detection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010040943 Skin Ulcer Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000017520 skin disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 231100000019 skin ulcer Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000002700 urine Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K1/00—Housing animals; Equipment therefor
- A01K1/015—Floor coverings, e.g. bedding-down sheets ; Stable floors
- A01K1/0152—Litter
- A01K1/0154—Litter comprising inorganic material
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Disinfection, Sterilisation Or Deodorisation Of Air (AREA)
- Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the production field of pet products, and discloses a preparation method of activated carbon cat litter, which takes activated carbon, bentonite, medical stone powder and tourmaline as raw materials; the active carbon cat litter is prepared by the steps of crushing, proportioning according to a proportion, rolling into balls, calcining, dedusting and sieving particles. The ball-shaped activated carbon cat litter prepared by the method has strong adsorption and desorption capacities; has effects in deodorizing, killing bacteria, and killing bacteria. The preparation method of the invention can realize large-scale production, and has stable product quality and reasonable production method.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of production of pet products, and particularly relates to a preparation method of activated carbon cat litter.
Background
According to the introduction of related information, a plurality of raw materials for producing the cat litter have the functions of deodorization, deodorization and sterilization. Pet cat and dog are different, and the stool and urine of cat are in the nest, so, it is very heavy to have the stink in the cat nest, therefore need put some deodorization, material that removes flavor in the cat nest, solves the peculiar smell in the cat nest.
At present, most of cat litters in the market are made of bentonite or wood, and the cat litters are used for solving the peculiar smell in the cat litter, but the adsorption capacity of the cat litters made in the market at present still needs to be greatly improved. And the cat litter on the existing market almost has no wear-resisting strength, the wear-resisting strength is only about 40% after detection, and the used cat litter becomes a pile of wet powder.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a preparation method of activated carbon cat litter, aiming at the problem that the adsorption capacity of cat litter in the prior art needs to be enhanced.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention is solved by the following technical scheme:
a preparation method of activated carbon cat litter comprises the following steps:
adding powdery active carbon, powdery bentonite, powdery medical stone and powdery tourmaline into a stirrer, and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixture, wherein the powdery active carbon accounts for 30-35 wt% of the mixture, the powdery bentonite accounts for 50-55 wt% of the mixture, the powdery medical stone accounts for 10-5 wt% of the mixture, and the powdery tourmaline accounts for 10-5 wt% of the mixture;
step (2) enabling the mixture obtained in the step (1) to enter a ball rolling machine, spraying water through a spraying machine while rolling balls, and making spherical rolling balls with the diameters of 4-6 mm; the ball of ball type form is obtained through the cooperation of ball rolling machine and sprayer, can effectively increase the area of contact of cat litter in the cat nest, also makes simultaneously that the cat litter can fully roll into each corner in the cat nest, effectively increases the performance of cat litter.
Step (3) calcining the rolling ball prepared in the step (2) in a high-temperature furnace, wherein the temperature in the furnace is 400-900 ℃, and the calcining time is 5.5-10 h; the adsorption capacity and the wear resistance of the cat litter can be improved by the calcination at the above temperature and time.
Step (4) cooling the ball calcined in the step (3) to room temperature, and then winnowing by using a winnowing machine to remove dust;
and (5) sieving the rolling balls with the dust removed in the step (4) by a sieving machine to prepare the spherical activated carbon cat litter.
The preparation method of the application adds the active carbon, the bentonite, the medical stone and the tourmaline, wherein the active carbon has stronger adsorption capacity and simultaneously has the functions of decoloring, deodorizing, disinfecting and sterilizing; the bentonite also has certain adsorption capacity and strong bonding effect; maifanitum is effective in treating skin ulcer, dermatoses, and fungi; tourmaline has the functions of generating negative ions, radiating far infrared rays, disinfecting, sterilizing and disinfecting.
Preferably, the powdered activated carbon in the step (1) is obtained by pulverizing activated carbon having a specific surface area of more than 1000 square/g to 300 to 500 mesh.
Preferably, the activated carbon in step (1) is acidic activated carbon.
Preferably, the powdered bentonite, the powdered medical stone and the powdered tourmaline in the step (1) are obtained by respectively crushing bentonite to 300-500 meshes, medical stone to 300-500 meshes and tourmaline to 300-500 meshes.
Preferably, the rolling time of the ball rolling machine in the step (2) is 20-30 min.
Preferably, the amount of water sprayed by the sprayer in the step (2) is 20-30 wt% of the weight of the mixture.
Preferably, the specific calcination process in step (3) is as follows: calcining at 400 ℃ for 0.5-2 h; calcining for 1-2 h at 500 ℃; calcining for 1-2 h at 600 ℃; calcining for 1-2 h at 700 ℃; calcining at 800 ℃ for 0.5-1 h; calcining at 900 ℃ for 0.5-1 h. The adsorption capacity and the wear resistance of the cat litter can be improved by the calcination at the above temperature and time.
According to the invention, the abrasion resistance is improved from 40% to 95% by calcining at the temperature of 400-900 ℃ for 5.5-10 h. If the temperature is lower than 400 ℃ and the time is less than 5.5h, the abrasion resistance is 50 percent. If the temperature is higher than 900 ℃ and the time exceeds 10 hours, the ball-shaped cat litter can crack. The abrasion resistance is not improved. On the other hand, the activated carbon and the bentonite can be calcined at the temperature of 400-900 ℃ for 5.5-10 h to improve the adsorption capacity and desorption capacity. If the temperature is lower than 400 ℃ and the time is less than 5.5h, the adsorption capacity and the desorption capacity are not improved. If the temperature is higher than 900 ℃ and the time exceeds 10h, the improvement rate of the adsorption capacity and the desorption capacity is low. The yield of cat litter will decrease. If: the iodine adsorption value of the raw material of the active carbon is 800 mg/g, and through the calcination at the temperature and the time, the iodine adsorption value can be improved to 1000 mg/g, and the improvement rate is more than 20%. Therefore, the calcination at the temperature of 400-900 ℃ for 5.5-10 h is the best scheme for preparing the activated carbon cat litter.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the remarkable technical effects that:
the invention utilizes the advantages of the raw materials of active carbon, bentonite, medical stone, tourmaline and the like, synthesizes the purposes of the cat litter and adopts a scientific formula to produce the spherical cat litter which has great effects of deodorizing, deodorizing and degerming the cat litter and also has the effects of disinfecting and sterilizing. Meanwhile, the preparation method of the invention can realize large-scale production, and the product has stable quality and reasonable production method.
Detailed Description
Example 1
Firstly, equipment:
one high-temperature converter meeting the environmental protection requirement is utilized; one 5R pulverizer is arranged; a first vertical circular stirring mixer; one high-speed stainless steel ball rolling machine; one electronic scale; one agricultural sprayer; one CA winnowing machine; one screening machine for the netted grains; and outfitting the tools required for implementation.
Secondly, the implementation method comprises the following steps:
adding powdered activated carbon, powdered bentonite, powdered medical stone and powdered tourmaline into a stirrer, and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixture, wherein the specific operation method is as follows: taking 305 kilograms of acidic activated carbon with the surface area larger than 1000 square/gram, and crushing the acidic activated carbon to 300-500 meshes; weighing 300 kg of powdered activated carbon for later use; 505 kilograms of bentonite is taken and crushed into 300-500 meshes, and 500 kilograms of powdery bentonite is weighed for later use; taking 102 kg of medical stone, crushing the medical stone to 300-500 meshes, and weighing 100 kg of powdery medical stone for later use; crushing 102 kg of tourmaline purchased from tourmaline manufacturers to 300-500 meshes; weighing 100 kg of powdery tourmaline for standby; putting the weighed powdery active carbon, powdery bentonite, powdery medical stone and powdery tourmaline into a stirrer, and fully and uniformly stirring to obtain 1000 kg of a mixture for later use;
step (2) enabling the mixture obtained in the step (1) to enter a ball rolling machine, spraying water through a spraying machine while rolling balls, and enabling the water spraying and the rolling balls to be carried out simultaneously; preparing a spherical rolling ball with the diameter of 4-6 mm; wherein the proportion of water is 20% by weight of the mixture and the rolling time is 20 minutes;
step (3) calcining the rolling ball prepared in the step (2) in a high-temperature furnace, wherein the temperature in the furnace is 400-900 ℃, and the calcining time is 5.5-10 h; the specific calcining process is as follows: calcining at 400 deg.C for 0.5 hr; calcining at 500 deg.C for 1 hr; calcining at 600 deg.C for 1 hr; calcining at 700 deg.C for 1 hr; calcining at 800 deg.C for 1 hr; calcining at 900 deg.C for 1 hr; discharging the ball of the mixture calcined at the temperature and for the time from the furnace;
step (4) cooling the ball calcined in the step (3) to room temperature, and then winnowing by using a winnowing machine to remove dust;
and (5) sieving the rolling balls after dust removal in the step (4) by a mesh particle sieving machine, wherein the sizes of the rolling ball particles are basically the same, and preparing one ton of spherical active carbon cat litter.
The spherical activated carbon cat litter prepared by the steps is subjected to sampling detection, and the specific detection method is as follows:
according to the detection method of GB/T12496.6-1999, the intensity is 97%.
According to the test method of GB/T12496.8-1999, the iodine adsorption value is 890 mg/g.
The specific surface area was 900 m/g as measured by nitrogen adsorption at a liquid nitrogen temperature of 77K.
According to the detection method of GB/T18204.25-2000, the ammonia removal rate is 100%.
According to the detection method of GB/T18204.26-2000, the formaldehyde removal rate is 99%.
According to the detection method of GB/T15979-2000, the antibacterial rate is 91%.
According to the test method of GB/T12496.87-1999, the pH is 6.5.
Example 2
Firstly, equipment:
one high-temperature converter meeting the environmental protection requirement is utilized; one 5R pulverizer is arranged; a first vertical circular stirring mixer; one high-speed stainless steel ball rolling machine; one electronic scale; one agricultural sprayer; one CA winnowing machine; one screening machine for the netted grains; and outfitting the tools required for implementation.
Secondly, the implementation method comprises the following steps:
adding powdered activated carbon, powdered bentonite, powdered medical stone and powdered tourmaline into a stirrer, and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixture, wherein the specific operation method is as follows: 355 kilograms of acidic activated carbon with the surface area larger than 1000 square/gram is taken and crushed into 300-500 meshes; weighing 350 kg for later use; taking 555 kg of bentonite, and crushing the bentonite to 300-500 meshes; weighing 550 kg for later use; taking 52 kg of medical stone, and crushing the medical stone to 300-500 meshes; weighing 50 kg for later use; taking 52 kg of tourmaline purchased from tourmaline manufacturers, and crushing the tourmaline to 300-500 meshes; weighing 50 kg for later use; putting the weighed powdery active carbon, powdery bentonite, powdery medical stone and powdery tourmaline into a stirrer, and fully and uniformly stirring to obtain 1000 kg of a mixture for later use;
step (2) enabling the mixture obtained in the step (1) to enter a ball rolling machine, spraying water through a spraying machine while rolling balls, and enabling the water spraying and the rolling balls to be carried out simultaneously; preparing a spherical rolling ball with the diameter of 4-6 mm; wherein the proportion of water is 30% by weight of the mixture and the rolling time is 30 minutes;
step (3) calcining the rolling ball prepared in the step (2) in a high-temperature furnace, wherein the temperature in the furnace is 400-900 ℃, and the calcining time is 5.5-10 h; the specific calcining process is as follows: calcining at 400 deg.C for 2 hr; calcining at 500 deg.C for 2 hr; calcining at 600 deg.C for 2 hr; calcining at 700 deg.C for 2 hr; calcining at 800 deg.C for 0.5 hr; calcining at 900 deg.C for 0.5 hr; discharging the ball of the mixture calcined at the temperature and for the time from the furnace;
step (4) cooling the ball calcined in the step (3) to room temperature, and then winnowing by using a winnowing machine to remove dust;
and (5) sieving the rolling balls after dust removal in the step (4) by a mesh particle sieving machine, wherein the sizes of the rolling ball particles are basically the same, and preparing one ton of spherical active carbon cat litter.
The spherical activated carbon cat litter prepared by the steps is subjected to sampling detection, and the specific detection method is as follows:
according to the test method of GB/T12496.6-1999, the intensity is 95%.
According to the detection method of GB/T12496.8-1999, the iodine adsorption value is 850 mg/g.
The specific surface area was 870 m/g as measured by nitrogen adsorption at a liquid nitrogen temperature of 77K.
According to the detection method of GB/T18204.25-2000, the ammonia removal rate is 99%.
According to the detection method of GB/T18204.26-2000, the formaldehyde removal rate is 97%.
According to the detection method of GB/T15979-2000, the antibacterial rate is 89.7%.
According to the test method of GB/T12496.87-1999, the pH is 7.5.
In summary, the above-mentioned embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and all equivalent changes and modifications made in the claims of the present invention should be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. The preparation method of the activated carbon cat litter is characterized by comprising the following steps:
adding powdery active carbon, powdery bentonite, powdery medical stone and powdery tourmaline into a stirrer, and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixture, wherein the powdery active carbon accounts for 30-35 wt% of the mixture, the powdery bentonite accounts for 50-55 wt% of the mixture, the powdery medical stone accounts for 10-5 wt% of the mixture, and the powdery tourmaline accounts for 10-5 wt% of the mixture;
step (2) enabling the mixture obtained in the step (1) to enter a ball rolling machine, spraying water through a spraying machine while rolling balls, and making spherical rolling balls with the diameters of 4-6 mm;
step (3) calcining the rolling ball prepared in the step (2) in a high-temperature furnace, wherein the temperature in the furnace is 400-900 ℃, and the calcining time is 5.5-10 h;
step (4) cooling the ball calcined in the step (3) to room temperature, and then winnowing by using a winnowing machine to remove dust;
screening the rolling balls with the dust removed in the step (4) by a mesh particle screening machine to prepare spherical activated carbon cat litter;
the activated carbon in the step (1) is acidic activated carbon;
the rolling time of the ball rolling machine in the step (2) is 20-30 min;
in the step (2), the water spraying amount of the sprayer is 20-30 wt% of the weight of the mixture;
the specific calcining process in the step (3) is as follows: calcining at 400 ℃ for 0.5-2 h; calcining for 1-2 h at 500 ℃; calcining for 1-2 h at 600 ℃; calcining for 1-2 h at 700 ℃; calcining at 800 ℃ for 0.5-1 h; calcining at 900 ℃ for 0.5-1 h.
2. The method for preparing activated carbon cat litter of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the powdered activated carbon in the step (1) is obtained by pulverizing activated carbon with a specific surface area of more than 1000 square/g to 300-500 meshes.
3. The method for preparing activated carbon cat litter of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the powdery bentonite, the powdery medical stone and the powdery tourmaline in the step (1) are obtained by respectively crushing bentonite to 300-500 meshes, medical stone to 300-500 meshes and tourmaline to 300-500 meshes.
4. The method for preparing activated carbon cat litter of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the adsorption capacity and the wear resistance of the cat litter can be improved by the calcination at the above temperature and time.
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| CN201611114636.4A CN106718976B (en) | 2016-12-07 | 2016-12-07 | Preparation method of activated carbon cat litter |
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Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107897009A (en) * | 2017-11-22 | 2018-04-13 | 陈燕蓉 | A kind of bentonite cat litter and preparation method thereof |
| CN109172852A (en) * | 2017-11-22 | 2019-01-11 | 天津中天精科科技有限公司 | A method of making bentonite deodorizer |
| CN109089905B (en) * | 2018-07-18 | 2020-07-14 | 杭州高烯科技有限公司 | Multifunctional graphene-bentonite cat litter and preparation method thereof |
| CN109012597A (en) * | 2018-09-06 | 2018-12-18 | 宁波市砥中材料应用有限公司 | Multifunction dustless complex mineral pet sand and preparation method thereof |
| CN110100746B (en) * | 2019-06-24 | 2022-02-22 | 内蒙古润隆膨润土科技有限公司 | Dust-free deodorizing bentonite cat litter and preparation method thereof |
| CN111789999A (en) * | 2020-07-31 | 2020-10-20 | 荆州斯米克新材料有限公司 | Breathing anion traditional Chinese medicine ball and preparation method thereof |
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| JP2004267010A (en) * | 2003-03-05 | 2004-09-30 | Hoyo Bentonite Kogyo Kk | Excrement absorbent for animal |
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| CN101531364A (en) * | 2009-04-27 | 2009-09-16 | 东南大学 | Spherical formed active carbon and method for preparing same |
| CN101755686A (en) * | 2008-11-12 | 2010-06-30 | 张文彬 | Cat litter |
| KR20110125310A (en) * | 2010-05-13 | 2011-11-21 | 이학섭 | Pet sand using natural materials and manufacturing method |
| CN102641721A (en) * | 2012-04-10 | 2012-08-22 | 郭伟 | Composite spherical active carbon adsorbent |
| CN102794078A (en) * | 2012-08-31 | 2012-11-28 | 何全东 | Composite mineral air purifier |
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- 2016-12-07 CN CN201611114636.4A patent/CN106718976B/en active Active
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| JP2004267010A (en) * | 2003-03-05 | 2004-09-30 | Hoyo Bentonite Kogyo Kk | Excrement absorbent for animal |
| CN1868872A (en) * | 2006-04-30 | 2006-11-29 | 郑修昌 | Active bamboo carbon for air purification |
| CN101755686A (en) * | 2008-11-12 | 2010-06-30 | 张文彬 | Cat litter |
| CN101531364A (en) * | 2009-04-27 | 2009-09-16 | 东南大学 | Spherical formed active carbon and method for preparing same |
| KR20110125310A (en) * | 2010-05-13 | 2011-11-21 | 이학섭 | Pet sand using natural materials and manufacturing method |
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| CN102794078A (en) * | 2012-08-31 | 2012-11-28 | 何全东 | Composite mineral air purifier |
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