CN106718151B

CN106718151B - Fruit and tree shears with bionic blade and differential clamping mechanism

Info

Publication number: CN106718151B
Application number: CN201611059295.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 齐江涛; 谢海量; 谢秦; 杨松; 王增光; 陈尔东; 胡博; 李杨; 宋相礼
Original assignee: Jilin University
Current assignee: Jilin University
Priority date: 2016-11-28
Filing date: 2016-11-28
Publication date: 2019-12-06
Anticipated expiration: 2036-11-28
Also published as: CN106718151A

Abstract

the invention discloses a fruit tree shear with a bionic blade and a differential clamping mechanism, which comprises a blade layer, a middle plate layer and a branch clamping layer, wherein a movable blade, a blade plate, the middle plate layer, the branch clamping plate and the movable branch clamping plate are fixedly connected in sequence; the handle I and the handle II are respectively fixed between the branch clamping plate and the blade laminate, the movable blade is hinged with the handle II through the connecting rod I, the connecting rod III is connected with the handle I, the movable branch clamping plate is riveted with the connecting rod II, the connecting rod II is hinged with the connecting rod III through a circular slide block screw, and the slide block screw is connected between the branch clamping plate and the cover II in a sliding manner; the cylindrical compression spring is fixed between the handle I and the handle II through the spring seat, the cylindrical torsion spring is arranged in an end groove of the handle II, one end of the cylindrical torsion spring is clamped on the groove wall, and the other end of the cylindrical torsion spring is clamped on a groove of the middle layer plate. The fruit tree pruning scissors can clamp fruits while the branches are cut off by the fruit tree scissors blades, so that the fruits can be cut off and the branches can be pruned by one hand.

Description

Fruit and tree shears with bionic blade and differential clamping mechanism

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and relates to a fruit and tree shear with a bionic blade and a differential clamping mechanism.

Background

In the daily management of fruit trees, the pruning operation is one of the indispensable links. The fruit tree is pruned in agriculture to form a skeleton branch and a crown of the fruit tree and maintain a certain structure and shape, so that the aims of ensuring high quality, high yield and stable yield of the fruit tree are fulfilled. When the common fruit tree shears carry out pruning and fruit picking operation, one hand is used for pruning, and the other hand is used for catching fruits, so that the fruits are prevented from falling to the ground, and the fruit quality is guaranteed. Therefore, the labor efficiency is reduced, and the labor capacity of fruit growers is increased. Therefore, the differential clamping device is added on the basis of the common fruit tree shears, the labor burden is reduced by liberating the other hand, the cost is reduced, and the positive significance is achieved for improving the labor efficiency. Although the existing fruit and tree shears (or pruning shears) with clamping mechanisms in the market realize the clamping function, the clamping part is only simply attached to the blade and moves together with the blade, so that the phenomenon that branches are cut but not clamped occurs; or the branch is larger than the gap between the clamps and clamped but can not be sheared. The scissors are generally only suitable for pruning the branches which can be flattened or thinner, and the application range is limited.

The bionics research shows that the teeth of the bamboo rat have good cutting ability in the process of chewing the bamboo, and the bamboo rat can bite off the bamboo with tough bamboo fibers. The invention designs the cutting bionic blade for the fruit tree scissors by using the front curve which plays the main biting and breaking function in the lingual surfaces of the teeth of the bamboo rat, thereby improving the cutting capability of the fruit tree scissors.

disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a fruit tree shears with a bionic blade and a differential clamping mechanism, which imitates the clamping action of hands when a person shears branches, designs the differential clamping mechanism, clamps fruits (or branches) while the branches are sheared by a fruit tree shear blade, realizes the fruit picking and the branch pruning by one hand, and improves the labor efficiency.

The purpose of the invention is realized by the following scheme, which is combined with the attached drawings:

a fruit tree shear with a bionic blade and a differential clamping mechanism comprises a blade layer, a middle plate layer and a branch clamping layer, wherein the blade layer and the branch clamping layer are respectively fixed on two sides of the middle plate layer, a cover I12 is fixed on the outer side of the blade layer, and a cover II 49 is fixed on the outer side of the branch clamping layer; the blade layer comprises a blade layer plate 22, a blade plate 23, a movable blade 14 and a connecting rod I15; the middle ply comprises a middle ply 37; the branch clamping layer comprises a branch clamping plate 41, a movable branch clamping plate 43, a connecting rod II 44, a round sliding block screw 45, a connecting rod III 46, a handle I32, a handle II 36 and a differential clamping mechanism; the blade plate 23, the middle plate layer 37 and the branch clamping plate 41 are fixedly connected in sequence, the movable blade 14 is connected to the outer side of the blade plate 23 through a screw, the movable branch clamping plate 43 is connected to the outer side of the branch clamping plate 41 through a screw, and the blade layer plate 22 is fixedly connected with the lower end of the middle layer plate 37 through a screw; the handle I32 and the handle II 36 are respectively fixed between the branch clamping plate 41 and the blade layer plate 22 through screws, the movable blade 14 is hinged with the handle II 36 through a connecting rod I15, a connecting rod III 46 is connected with the handle I32 through screws, the movable branch clamping plate 43 is riveted with a connecting rod II 44, the connecting rod II 44 is hinged with the connecting rod III 46 through a circular sliding block screw 45, and the sliding block screw 45 is connected in a sliding block groove between the branch clamping plate 41 and a cover II 49 in a sliding mode; the differential clamping mechanism comprises a cylindrical torsion spring 35 and a cylindrical compression spring 34, the cylindrical compression spring 34 is fixed between the handle I32 and the handle II 36 through a spring seat, the cylindrical torsion spring 35 is arranged in an end groove of the handle II 36, one end of the cylindrical torsion spring is clamped on the groove wall, and the other end of the cylindrical torsion spring is clamped on a groove of the middle layer plate 37. When the differential clamping mechanism works, the blade and the clamping part can realize differential motion under different pressures, and when the pressure is lower, the clamping part moves first to clamp branches; the scissors move along with the pressure increase so as to cut short branches; and then reducing the pressure, resetting the blade firstly, and resetting the branch clamping plate later, thereby realizing differential motion and loosening the clamped fruit or branch.

Further, the blade plate 23 is a combined shape of a rectangle and a half moon, the inner and outer edges of the half moon-shaped blade at the upper part of the blade plate 23 are both smooth curves, and the equation of the curve segment AB of the inner edge of the blade projected in the XOY plane of the cartesian rectangular coordinate system is as follows:

y＝-0.0004x0.0164x-0.2749x+2.3954x-15.104x+68.183

Wherein: x belongs to [0,18] and has the unit of mm;

The equation for the blade outer edge curve segment CD projected in the XOY plane of a Cartesian rectangular coordinate system is: y is 0.0041x2+0.0321x +0.0973

Wherein: x is within the range of-30, 30 and is in the unit of mm;

The joint of the inner edge and the outer edge of the blade is an arc-shaped transition curve, and the equation of a projection curve segment BC in an XOY plane of a Cartesian rectangular coordinate system is as follows:

y-0.0009 x3+0.0699x2+0.1885x +0.0043 wherein: x belongs to [0,5] and is in mm.

Further, the convex surface of handle I32 and handle II 36 adopts the bionic form of cambered surface, imitates one section cambered surface of people's palm, and this cambered surface is formed by curve section EF along the rotation of curve section GH, and the curve section EF equation of enlargeing 1.75 times is:

y＝-0.0015x+0.5518x+18.4

wherein: x belongs to [15,360] and has the unit of mm;

The curve segment GH equation is:

Wherein: x ∈ [ -5,5], in mm.

Further, the cutting edge of the movable blade 14 simulates a tooth lingual surface curve MN of a bamboo rat, and an equation of the tooth lingual surface curve MN of the bamboo rat projected in an XOY plane of a cartesian rectangular coordinate system is as follows:

f(x)＝0.002605×x-0.04137×x+0.1809×x+0.05689×x+2.469

Wherein: x belongs to [0,10] and is in mm.

the bionic research shows that the teeth of the bamboo rat have good cutting ability in the process of chewing food. By analyzing and simulating the geometric structure of the lingual surfaces of the teeth of the bamboo rat, the structural curve of the lingual surfaces of the teeth of the bamboo rat can be optimized to achieve a better cutting effect. The blade curve of the blade is designed according to the curve of the lingual surface of the teeth of a bamboo rat, and the resistance in the cutting process is smaller by utilizing the bionics principle.

furthermore, bionic flexible salient points 51 are distributed on the clamping surfaces of the branch clamping plate 41 and the movable branch clamping plate 43, and the bionic flexible salient points 51 are of a spherical crown structure.

Furthermore, the bionic flexible salient point 51 is made of rubber.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. The fruit tree pruning machine has the differential clamping and pruning functions, is simple in structure, can realize the single-hand fruit pruning and picking and the branch pruning, and improves the labor efficiency.

2. The blade has a bionic characteristic curve, is designed by imitating a curve of a tooth lingual surface of a bamboo rat, and has good shearing performance.

3. The clamping surface is adhered with bionic flexible salient points for ensuring the clamping friction force and the clamping reliability of the fruit tree shears.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is an exploded view of the present invention

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a blade layer assembly

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of an interlayer assembly

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a laminated branch layer assembly

FIG. 5 is a graph of the equation of the tooth-lingual surface curve of the bamboo-imitated mouse

FIG. 6 is a schematic axial view of the positions of the handle II and the cylindrical torsion spring

FIG. 7 is a schematic front view of a branch clamping plate

FIG. 8 is a schematic axial view of a twig clamping plate

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a screw structure of a circular slider

FIG. 10 is a left side view schematic of an assembled product

FIG. 11 is a schematic front view of an assembled product

FIG. 12 is a right side view schematic of an assembled product

FIG. 13 is a schematic rear view of an assembled product

FIG. 14 is a schematic front view of the assembled product with the cover I removed

FIG. 15 is a schematic rear view of the assembled product with the cover II removed

FIG. 16 is a schematic view of a curve AB fit to the inner edge curve segment of a blade plate blade

FIG. 17 is a schematic view of a BC-fitting curve of a curve segment of the outer edge of a blade plate blade

FIG. 18 is a schematic view of a CD fit curve of a transition curve of a blade plate

FIG. 19 is a schematic view of a hand grip EF fitting curve

FIG. 20 is a schematic view of a handle GH fitting curve

FIG. 21 is a schematic view showing the curve positions of the blade plates AB, BC, CD

FIG. 22 is a schematic view of the EF curve position of the handle

FIG. 23 is a schematic view of the handle GH curve position

FIG. 24 is a schematic view of the MN curve position of the active blade

FIG. 25 is a schematic view showing the axial direction of the branch clamping plate

FIG. 26 is a M 'N' diagram of the lingual surfaces of the teeth of the bamboo rat

Wherein:

11. A flat head screw I; 12. a cover I; 13. a threaded sleeve I; 14. a movable blade; 15. a connecting rod I; 16. a rivet I; 17. a primary-secondary nail I; 18. a snap nail II; 19. a primary and secondary nail III; 20. IV, primary and secondary nails; 21. a flat head screw II; 22. a blade laminate; 23. a blade plate; 24. a nut I; 31. a nut II; 32. a handle I; 33. a flat head screw III; 34. a cylindrical compression spring; 35. a cylindrical torsion spring; 36. a handle II; 37. a middle layer plate; 41. a branch clamping plate; 42. a flat head screw IV; 43. a movable branch clamping plate; 44. a connecting rod II; 45. a slider screw; 46. a connecting rod III; 47. a rivet II; 48. a threaded sleeve II; 49. a cover II; 50. a flat head screw V; 51. bionic flexible salient point

Detailed Description

The invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings:

As shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a fruit tree shears with a bionic blade and a differential clamping mechanism, which comprises a blade layer, a middle plate layer and a branch clamping layer. The blade layer comprises a cover I12, a blade layer plate 22, a blade plate 23, a movable blade 14 and a connecting rod I15; the middle plate layer comprises a middle plate 37, a handle I32, a handle II 36 and a differential clamping mechanism; the branch clamping layer comprises a branch clamping plate 41, a movable branch clamping plate 43, a connecting rod II 44, a round sliding block screw 45, a connecting rod III 46 and a cover II 49.

the blade layer consists of a blade layer plate 22, a blade plate 23 and a movable blade 14; the blade layer plate 22 is rectangular and is provided with 3M 3 screw holes and 2 through holes of 6 mm; the blade plate 23 is a combined shape of a rectangle at the lower part and a half moon at the upper part, 2M 3 screw holes are arranged on the blade plate, the inner edge and the outer edge of the half moon-shaped blade at the upper part are smooth curves, and the equations of blade edge curve segments AB and CD projected in an XOY plane of a Cartesian rectangular coordinate system are respectively as follows:

y-0.0004 x50.0164x4-0.2749x3+2.3954x2-15.104x +68.183 wherein: x ∈ [0,18], in mm and y ═ 0.0041x2+0.0321x +0.0973 where: x is within the range of-30, 30 and is in the unit of mm; the joint of the inner edge and the outer edge is an arc-shaped transition curve, and the equation of a projection curve segment BC in an XOY plane of a Cartesian rectangular coordinate system is as follows: y-0.0009 x3+0.0699x2+0.1885x +0.0043 wherein: x belongs to [0,5] and is in mm; the middle plate layer consists of a middle plate 37, a handle I32 and a handle II 36, wherein the middle plate 37 is made of aluminum alloy; the branch clamping layer consists of a branch clamping plate 41 and a movable branch clamping plate 43.

As shown in fig. 2, 3 and 4, the blade plate 23, the middle layer plate 37 and the branch clamping plate 41 are fastened together at one time through 2 sub-female nails ii 18, and the movable blade 14, the blade plate 23, the middle layer plate 37, the branch clamping plate 41 and the movable branch clamping plate 43 are fixed together in sequence through a sub-female nail iv 20. The blade layer plate 22 is fixedly connected with the lower part of the middle layer plate 37 through 2 flat head screws II 21, and the branch clamping plate 41 is fixedly connected with the middle layer plate 37 through 2 flat head screws IV 42 and 2 sub female screws I17. The movable blade 14 is riveted with a connecting rod I15 by a rivet I16. The cover I12 is fixedly connected with the blade layer plate 22, the blade layer plate 23 and the middle layer plate 37 through 3 flat head screws I11: the upper end of the cover I12 is fixedly connected with the middle layer plate 37 through an M3 threaded hole of the cover I12 by 2M 3 multiplied by 20mm flat head screws I11, and through 2M 3 multiplied by 11mm threaded sleeves I13 and threaded holes on the blade plate 23, and the lower end of the cover I12 is fixedly connected with an M3 nut I24 through a threaded hole of the cover I12 by 1M 3 multiplied by 20mm flat head screws I11, through 1M 3 multiplied by 11mm threaded sleeve I13 and an M3 threaded hole on the blade layer plate 22. The connecting rod I15 and the handle II 36 are connected through a through hole and a groove in the handle by using a flat head screw III 33 with the size of M3 multiplied by 15mm and a nut II 31 with the size of M3, and the connecting rod III 46 and the handle I32 are connected through a through hole and a groove in the handle by using a flat head screw III 33 with the size of M3 multiplied by 15mm and a nut II 31 with the size of M3. A cylindrical compression spring 34 is held between the handles by raised spring mounts on the handles i 32 and ii 36. The handle I32 and the handle II 36 are respectively fixed between the branch clamping plate 41 and the blade layer plate 22 through snap nails II 18. And a cylindrical torsion spring 35 penetrates through the snap nail II 18 and is placed in an end groove of the handle II 36, one end of the cylindrical torsion spring is clamped on the groove wall of the end groove, and the other end of the cylindrical torsion spring is clamped on the groove of the middle layer plate 37. The movable branch clamping plate 43 and the connecting rod II 44 are riveted through a rivet II 47, the connecting rod II 44 and the connecting rod III 46 are connected onto a circular sliding block screw 45, as shown in figure 25, rectangular grooves are formed in the branch clamping plate 41 and the cover II 49 and are opposite, a sliding block groove is formed between the branch clamping plate 41 and the cover II 49, and the sliding block screw 45 is placed in the sliding block groove between the branch clamping plate 41 and the cover II 49. The cover II 49 is sequentially fastened with the branch clamping plate 41 and the middle plate layer 37 through a threaded hole on the cover and a threaded sleeve II 48 by 2M 3X 20mm flat head screws V50 at the upper end, and is fixedly connected with the nut I24 through a threaded hole on the cover, a threaded sleeve II 48 and a threaded hole on the branch clamping plate 41 by 1M 3X 20mm flat head screw V50 at the lower end.

The movable blade 14 is provided with a cutting edge, and the width of the cutting edge is d (which can be selected according to requirements, and is 5-15 mm).

The movable blade 14 and the blade plate 23 are made of tool steel.

the clamping surfaces of the branch clamping plate 41 and the movable branch clamping plate 43 are coated with rubber layers for ensuring the clamping friction force.

The convex surfaces of the handle I32 and the handle II 36 adopt a bionic form of an arc surface, the arc surface is formed by rotating a curve section EF along a curve section GH, and the equation of the curve section EF amplified by 1.75 times is as follows: -0.0015x2+0.5518x +18.4 wherein: x belongs to [15,360] and has the unit of mm; the curve segment GH equation is: wherein: x ∈ [ -5,5], in mm.

As shown in fig. 5 and 24, the 10mm cutting edge of the movable blade 14 is designed according to the tooth lingual surface curve MN of the bamboo rat, and the equation of the tooth lingual surface curve MN of the bamboo rat projected in the XOY plane of the cartesian rectangular coordinate system is as follows:

f(x)＝0.002605×x-0.04137×x+0.1809×x+0.05689×x+2.469

Wherein: x belongs to [0,10] and is in mm.

as shown in FIG. 6, a right trapezoid groove is formed in the handle II 36 for accommodating the cylindrical torsion spring 35. The cylindrical torsion spring 35 penetrates through the snap nail II 18 and is placed in the groove of the handle, one end of the cylindrical torsion spring is clamped on the groove wall, and the other end of the cylindrical torsion spring is clamped on the groove of the middle layer plate. Compared with the handle I32, the handle II 36 has the function of a cylindrical torsion spring, so that the handle II 36 needs to be combined with a larger force than the handle I32, and the magnitude of the difference force is determined by the cylindrical torsion spring, thereby realizing the differential function of the blade and the branch clamping plate.

As shown in fig. 7, 8 and 25, the front surface of the branch clamping plate is provided with a slider groove surrounded by 4 baffles and an arc-shaped groove, the arc-shaped groove is the movement track of the rivet ii 47, and the depth is 1.5mm, so that the excessive part of the rivet does not obstruct the movement of the branch clamping plate 43. Bionic flexible salient points 51 are adhered to the clamping surfaces of the branch clamping plate 41 and the movable branch clamping plate 43 and used for ensuring the clamping friction force, the flexible salient points 51 are of a spherical crown structure, and the x-o-y section equation is as follows: y2/2.25+ x2 is 1 where x e [ -1,1], y e [0,1.5] is in mm, and its shape is formed by one rotation of the cross section around the y axis. The bionic flexible salient points 51 are made of rubber (styrene butadiene rubber).

As shown in figure 9, the two ends of the round sliding block screw are cylindrical with the diameter of 7mm and the height of 3mm, and are fastened together through threads, and the middle section of the round sliding block screw is cylindrical with the diameter of 3mm and the height of 5mm, and is used for connecting the connecting rod II 44 and the connecting rod III 46 and moving in the rectangular sliding block grooves of the branch clamping plate 41 and the cover II 49.

When the differential clamping is carried out, the differential action of the blade and the clamping part can be realized under different pressures, and when the pressure is lower, the clamping part moves first to clamp branches; the scissors move along with the pressure increase so as to cut short branches; and then reducing the pressure, resetting the blade firstly, and resetting the branch clamping plate later, thereby realizing differential motion and loosening the clamped fruit or branch.

the working process of the invention is briefly described as follows:

The two handles are held by the right hand, pressure is applied, the handle I moves firstly to drive the branch clamping plate to move to clamp branches, then the handle II moves to drive the blade to move to cut the branches, then the handle is slowly loosened, the handle II moves firstly to drive the blade to reset, then the handle I moves to drive the branch clamping plate to reset, and the whole working process is completed.

the invention imitates the clamping action of hands when people prune, designs a differential clamping mechanism, clamps fruits (or branches) when the branches are pruned by the fruit tree scissor blade, realizes the fruit pruning and the branch pruning by one hand, and improves the labor efficiency. The invention has the differential clamping and trimming function, can realize the single-hand cutting and picking of fruits and the trimming of branches, and improves the labor efficiency. The blade has a bionic characteristic curve, is designed by imitating a curve of a tooth lingual surface of a bamboo rat, and has good shearing performance. The clamping surface is adhered with bionic flexible salient points for ensuring the clamping friction force and the clamping reliability of the fruit tree shears.

the foregoing shows and describes the general principles, essential features, and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed.

Claims

1. A fruit tree shear with a bionic blade and a differential clamping mechanism is characterized by comprising a blade layer, a middle plate layer and a branch clamping layer, wherein the blade layer and the branch clamping layer are respectively fixed on two sides of the middle plate layer; the blade layer comprises a blade layer plate (22), a blade plate (23), a movable blade (14) and a connecting rod I (15); the middle ply comprises a middle ply (37); the branch clamping layer comprises a branch clamping plate (41), a movable branch clamping plate (43), a connecting rod II (44), a round sliding block screw (45), a connecting rod III (46), a handle I (32), a handle II (36) and a differential clamping mechanism;

The blade plate (23), the middle layer plate (37) and the branch clamping plate (41) are fixedly connected in sequence, the movable blade (14) is connected to the outer side of the blade plate (23) through a screw, the movable branch clamping plate (43) is connected to the outer side of the branch clamping plate (41) through a screw, and the blade layer plate (22) is fixedly connected with the lower end of the middle layer plate (37) through a screw; the handle I (32) and the handle II (36) are respectively fixed between the branch clamping plate (41) and the blade layer plate (22) through screws, the movable blade (14) is hinged with the handle II (36) through a connecting rod I (15), a connecting rod III (46) is connected with the handle I (32) through screws, the movable branch clamping plate (43) is riveted with a connecting rod II (44), the connecting rod II (44) is hinged with the connecting rod III (46) through a circular sliding block screw (45), and the circular sliding block screw (45) is connected in a sliding block groove between the branch clamping plate (41) and the cover II (49) in a sliding manner; the differential clamping mechanism comprises a cylindrical torsion spring (35) and a cylindrical compression spring (34), the cylindrical compression spring (34) is fixed between the handle I (32) and the handle II (36) through a spring seat, the cylindrical torsion spring (35) is arranged in an end groove of the handle II (36), one end of the cylindrical torsion spring is clamped on a groove wall, and the other end of the cylindrical torsion spring is clamped on a groove of the middle layer plate (37).

2. The fruit tree shears with bionic blade and differential clamping mechanism as claimed in claim 1, wherein the blade plate (23) is in a combined shape of rectangle and half moon, the inner and outer edges of the half moon-shaped blade at the upper part of the blade plate (23) are smooth curves, and the equation of the curve segment AB at the inner edge of the blade projected in the XOY plane of the Cartesian rectangular coordinate system is as follows:

y＝-0.0004x0.0164x-0.2749x+2.3954x-15.104x+68.183

wherein: x belongs to [0,18] and has the unit of mm;

The equation for the blade outer edge curve segment CD projected in the XOY plane of a Cartesian rectangular coordinate system is:

y＝0.0041x+0.0321x+0.0973

Wherein: x is within the range of-30, 30 and is in the unit of mm;

y-0.0009 x3+0.0699x2+0.1885x +0.0043 wherein: x belongs to [0,5] and is in mm.

3. the fruit tree shears with the bionic blade and the differential clamping mechanism as claimed in claim 1, wherein the convex surfaces of the handle I (32) and the handle II (36) adopt a bionic arc surface shape, the bionic arc surface simulates a segment of a human palm, the arc surface is formed by rotating a curve segment EF along a curve segment GH, and the equation of the curve segment EF amplified by 1.75 times is as follows:

y＝-0.0015x+0.5518x+18.4

Wherein: x belongs to [15,360] and has the unit of mm;

The curve segment GH equation is:

Wherein: x ∈ [ -5,5], in mm.

4. The fruit tree shears with the bionic blade and the differential clamping mechanism as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cutting edge of the movable blade (14) simulates a tooth lingual surface curve MN of a bamboo rat, and the equation of the tooth lingual surface curve MN of the bamboo rat projected in an XOY plane of a Cartesian rectangular coordinate system is as follows:

f(x)＝0.002605×x-0.04137×x+0.1809×x+0.05689×x+2.469

Wherein: x belongs to [0,10] and is in mm.

5. The fruit and tree shears with the bionic blade and the differential clamping mechanism as claimed in claim 1, wherein the bionic flexible salient points (51) are distributed on the clamping surfaces of the branch clamping plate (41) and the movable branch clamping plate (43), and the bionic flexible salient points (51) are of a spherical crown structure.

6. The fruit and tree shears with the bionic blade and the differential clamping mechanism as claimed in claim 5, wherein the bionic flexible salient points (51) are made of rubber.