CN106717188B

CN106717188B - Duckbilled transplanter seedbed finishing device

Info

Publication number: CN106717188B
Application number: CN201710096700.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 廖庆喜; 许博; 舒彩霞; 丁幼春; 廖宜涛; 田波平; 胡乔磊; 马磊; 张照
Original assignee: Huazhong Agricultural University
Current assignee: Huazhong Agricultural University
Priority date: 2017-02-22
Filing date: 2017-02-22
Publication date: 2022-08-19
Anticipated expiration: 2037-02-22
Also published as: CN106717188A

Abstract

The invention discloses a seedbed arranging device of a duckbilled transplanter, which comprises rotary cultivators, a pair of vertical rotary tillage blades arranged on a blade holder of each rotary cultivator and a ditching device arranged on a main frame of the rotary cultivator, wherein the vertical rotary tillage blades are arranged on the blade holders of the rotary cultivators; the ditching device comprises two side beams respectively connected to two side plates of a main frame of the rotary cultivator, a cross beam arranged between the two side beams and a plurality of ditching plows respectively arranged on the cross beam through plow body connecting seats; the ditching plows and the rotary cultivator tool apron are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence mode, and each ditching plow is located right in front of the middle position between the pair of vertical rotary tillage blades. The rotary cultivator meets the requirements of soil cutting and soil crushing of the rotary cultivator, soil can be thrown to two sides through the rotation of the vertical rotary tillage blade to form a ditch shape, the throwing and sending direction and distance are controllable, the structure is simple, and the use is convenient; the ditching device can be with not throwing out soil in the ditch to both sides compaction, guarantees that ditch bottom, ditch wall are clean and tidy, satisfies duckbilled transplanting machine seedbed arrangement requirement, also satisfies no-tillage, few-tillage agronomy requirement simultaneously.

Description

Duckbilled transplanter seedbed finishing device

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery intertillage land loosening and soil turning devices, and particularly relates to a seedbed finishing device of a duckbilled transplanter.

Background

The seedling transplantation can improve the multiple cropping index, effectively solve the crop rotation contradiction, simultaneously have the effects of climate compensation and advancing crop growth, and have very obvious economic benefit and social benefit. Soil at middle and lower reaches of Yangtze river is hardened, a duckbill-type planting device cannot effectively dig holes and put seedlings, the no-tillage agronomic requirements are comprehensively considered, in the transplanting process, a seedling bed belt needs to be provided for pot seedlings by using tillage equipment, a seedling bed belt ditch is formed in a planting path, the depth of the seedling bed belt ditch is required to be adjustable, the width of the ditch is suitable, and the ditch wall and the ditch bottom are clean and tidy. The seedbed arranging device of the existing transplanter adopts a single rotary tillage machine or a ditching device, the depth of tillage is not high, the bottom and the wall of a ditch cannot be ensured to be clean and tidy, and the seedbed arranging requirement of the transplanter cannot be met.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide the duckbilled transplanter seedbed arranging device which can meet the requirements of soil cutting and soil crushing simultaneously aiming at the defects of the technology so as to meet the seedbed arranging requirements of clean and tidy ditch bottoms and ditch walls.

In order to achieve the purpose, the seedbed arranging device of the duckbilled transplanter comprises rotary cultivators, a pair of vertical rotary tillage blades arranged on each rotary cultivator blade holder and a ditching device arranged on a main frame of the rotary cultivator; the ditching device comprises two side beams respectively connected to two side plates of a main frame of the rotary cultivator, a cross beam arranged between the two side beams and a plurality of ditching plows respectively arranged on the cross beam through plow body connecting seats; the ditching plows and the rotary cultivator tool apron are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence mode, and each ditching plow is located right in front of the middle position between the pair of vertical rotary tillage blades;

each vertical rotary tillage blade sequentially comprises a cutter handle, a transition connecting blade, a transition cutting edge and a front cutting edge from top to bottom; the cutter handle is arranged on the rotary cultivator cutter holder, the transitional connecting blade adopts an arc curved surface, and the bending direction of the arc curved surface determines the positive and negative tangential directions of the vertical rotary tillage blade; a transition arc is arranged at the contact position of the edge back of the transition cutting edge and the edge back of the front cutting edge; the cutting edge curve of the positive cutting edge is a constant-speed spiral curve, the horizontal distance between the cutting edge curve of the positive cutting edge and the cutting edge back curve of the positive cutting edge is gradually reduced from top to bottom, and the minimum distance is not less than 30 mm.

Furthermore, each furrow plough comprises a plough column connected with the plough body connecting seat, two front side plates, two rear side plates and a bottom plate, wherein the intersecting curve of the soil breaking curved surfaces of the two front side plates is a cutting edge curve, the two front side plates and the two rear side plates are symmetrically arranged along the plane where the cutting edge curve is located, and the lower bottom edges of the two front side plates and the two rear side plates are enclosed by the bottom plate to form a closed lower bottom surface; and two trapezoidal plates which are arranged in parallel are inserted into a cavity enclosed by the two front side plates, the two rear side plates and the bottom plate, the bottom ends of the two trapezoidal plates are welded on the bottom plate, the bottom of the plough column is inserted between the two trapezoidal plates, and the side wall of the plough column is welded on the surfaces of the two trapezoidal plates.

Furthermore, a triangular reinforcing plate is welded between each plough body connecting seat and the cross beam.

Furthermore, each curb plate all opens a plurality of curb plate regulation holes on, every all open on the curb girder with curb plate regulation hole matched with curb girder regulation hole.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages: the duckbilled transplanter seedbed finishing device meets the requirements of a rotary cultivator on soil cutting and soil crushing, soil can be thrown to two sides through the rotation of the vertical rotary tillage blade to form a ditch shape, the throwing direction and distance are controllable, the structure is simple, and the use is convenient; the ditching device can be with not throwing out soil in the ditch to both sides compaction, guarantees that ditch bottom, ditch wall are clean and tidy, satisfies duckbilled transplanting machine seedbed arrangement requirement, also satisfies no-tillage, few-tillage agronomy requirement simultaneously.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a seedbed arranging device of the duckbilled transplanter in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the trenching apparatus shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the connecting base of the plow body in FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the plow of FIG. 2;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of a rotary tillage blade in the neutral position of FIG. 1;

FIG. 6 is a schematic design diagram of FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the ditching effect of the invention.

In the figure: the rotary cultivator comprises a rotary cultivator 1, a rotary cultivator main frame 1.1, a side plate 1.2 (wherein, a side plate adjusting hole 1.2a), a rotary cultivator tool apron 1.3, a ditching plow 2, a plow standard 2.1 (wherein, a connecting hole 2.1a), a front side plate 2.2, a rear side plate 2.3, a bottom plate 2.4, a trapezoidal plate 2.5, a ditching device 3, a side beam 3.1 (wherein, a side beam adjusting hole 3.1a), a cross beam 3.2, a triangular reinforcing plate 3.3, a plow body connecting seat 3.4 (wherein, a mounting hole 3.4a), a vertical rotary tillage blade 4, a tool handle 4.1 (wherein, a bolt hole 4.1a), a transition connecting blade 4.2, a transition cutting blade 4.3 (wherein, a transition circular arc 4.3a and a blade back 4.3b), a tangent blade 4.4 (wherein, a blade back 4.4b), a U-shaped clamp 5, a ditch type 6 and a ridge 7.

Detailed Description

The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and the specific embodiments.

As shown in figure 1, the device for arranging the seedbed of the duckbilled transplanter comprises rotary cultivators 1, a pair of vertical rotary tillage blades 4 arranged on a blade holder 1.3 of each rotary cultivator, and a ditching device 3 arranged on a main frame 1.1 of the rotary cultivator.

As shown in fig. 2, each of two side plates 1.2 of a main frame 1.1 of the rotary cultivator is provided with a side beam 3.1 extending outwards, the ditching device 3 comprises two side beams 3.1 respectively connected to the two side plates 1.2 (i.e. one side beam 3.1 is arranged on one side plate 1.2, the other side beam 3.1 is arranged on the other side plate 1.2), a cross beam 3.2 arranged between the two side beams 3.1 (i.e. one end of the cross beam 3.2 is fixed on one side beam 3.1 through a U-shaped clamp 5, the other end of the cross beam 3.2 is fixed on the other side beam 3.1 through a U-shaped clamp 5) and a plurality of ditching plows 2 respectively arranged on the cross beam 3.2 through plow body connecting seats 3.4, wherein a triangular reinforcing plate 3.3 is welded between each plow body connecting seat 3.4 and the cross beam 3.2, and the welding strength between the plow body connecting seats 3.4 and the cross beam 3.2 is enhanced; the ditching plows 2 are arranged corresponding to the rotary tiller tool holders 1.3 one by one, and each ditching plow 2 is positioned right in front of the middle position between the pair of vertical rotary blades 4. Wherein, a plurality of side plate adjusting holes 1.2a are arranged on each side plate 1.2 of the main frame 1.1 of the rotary cultivator, side beam adjusting holes 3.1a matched with the side plate adjusting holes 1.2a are arranged on each side beam 3.1, then the side beams 3.1 are fixed on the side plates 1.2 through bolts, and the distance between the ditching plow 2 and the main frame 1.1 of the rotary cultivator is adjusted by adjusting the extending position of the side beams 3.1 relative to the side plates 1.2 or adjusting the installation position of the U-shaped clamp 5 on the side beams 3.1 at the same time according to the actual use condition.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 5, each vertical rotary tillage blade 4 sequentially includes a handle 4.1, a transition connecting edge 4.2, a transition cutting edge 4.3 and a tangent edge 4.4 from top to bottom. The cutter handle 4.1 is arranged on the rotary cultivator cutter holder 1.3, two bolt holes 4.1a are formed in the cutter handle 4.1, and the hole positions and the diameters of the bolts are consistent with those of the bolt holes on the rotary cultivator cutter holder; the transitional connecting edge 4.2 adopts an arc curved surface, the radius of the arc curved surface is determined by the yield strength and the thickness of the material selected by the blade, in the embodiment, the material of the vertical rotary tillage blade adopts 65Mn, the thickness is 12mm, the bending radius of the arc curved surface is 20mm, and the angle of the arc is 90 degrees, wherein the bending direction of the arc curved surface determines the positive and negative tangents of the vertical rotary tillage blade; the transition cutting edge 4.3 is adopted to prevent a rotary cultivator tool apron from immersing into soil to influence rotary tillage quality during rotary tillage operation of the vertical rotary tillage blade, a transition arc 4.3a is arranged at a contact position of a blade back 4.3b of the transition cutting edge 4.3 and a blade back 4.4b of the tangent blade 4.4 to disperse stress when the tangent blade 4.4 cuts soil, the radius of the transition arc 4.3a is 20mm, and the arc angle is 90 degrees; the cutting edge 4.4a curve of the positive cutting edge 4.4 adopts a constant-speed spiral curve, the soil cutting and soil breaking requirements can be met, the soil throwing direction is consistent with the normal direction of the curve, the positive cutting edge is machined according to fig. 6, the curve parameter equation is rho ═ a ×. theta + b, the equation parameters can be calculated according to the rotary tillage depth requirement H, in the embodiment, a is 2.10, b is 0, the actual size of the cutting edge of the positive cutting edge is H ═ 200.46mm, L is 11.46mm, the back edge 4.4b of the positive cutting edge 4.4 adopts a common curve, and the horizontal distance between the cutting edge 4.4a curve of the positive cutting edge 4.4 and the back edge 4.4b curve of the positive cutting edge 4.4 is gradually reduced from top to bottom, and the minimum distance is not less than 30 mm.

As shown in fig. 4, each furrow plough 2 in this embodiment is a boat-shaped shovel type furrow plough, and includes a plough column 2.1 connected with a plough body connecting seat 3.4, two front side plates 2.2, two rear side plates 2.3 and a bottom plate 2.4, a curve intersecting the ground breaking curved surfaces of the two front side plates 2.2 is a cutting edge curve, the two front side plates 2.2 and the two rear side plates 2.3 are symmetrically arranged along a plane where the cutting edge curve is located, and the lower bottom edges of the two front side plates 2.2 and the two rear side plates 2.3 are enclosed by the bottom plate 2.4 to form a closed lower bottom surface; and two preceding curb plates 2.2, two posterior lateral plate 2.3 and bottom plate 2.4 enclose the cavity that closes and insert trapezoidal plate 2.5 that has two parallel arrangement, two trapezoidal plate 2.5's bottom all welds on bottom plate 2.4, and simultaneously, trapezoidal plate 2.5's lateral wall welds on posterior lateral plate 2.3's surface, and the bottom of plow standard 2.1 inserts between two trapezoidal plate 2.5 and the lateral wall welding of plow standard 2.1 is on two trapezoidal plate 2.5 surfaces. In addition, a plurality of connecting holes 2.1a are formed in the plow column 2.1, the distance between the connecting holes is 30mm, and meanwhile, as shown in fig. 3, mounting holes 3.4a matched with the connecting holes 2.1a in the plow column 2.1 are formed in the plow body connecting seat 3.4 and are used for adjusting the mounting height of the ditching plow 2, and the ditching plow 2 is slightly higher than the bottom end of the vertical rotary tillage blade 4 but not more than 30 mm.

The parameters of the vertical rotary tillage blade in the duckbilled transplanter seedbed arranging device can be adjusted according to the actual rotary tillage depth requirement, the effective rotary tillage depth is 50-150 mm, soil is thrown to two sides during rotary tillage to form soil ridges 7, the rotary tillage rotation speed and depth are controlled to adjust the soil throwing distance and direction, the ship-shaped shovel type ditching plow can compact the soil which is not thrown out of the soil ridges to two sides, ditch types 6 with consistent ditch depth and ditch width are formed among the soil ridges, the ditching effect is shown in figure 7, the requirement for arranging the seedbed of the duckbilled transplanter is met, the agricultural requirements of no tillage and little tillage are met, a clean and tidy seedbed ditch is formed, and the operation line number is consistent with the planter line number.

Claims

1. A duckbilled transplanter seedbed finishing device comprises rotary cultivators (1), a pair of vertical rotary tillage blades (4) arranged on each rotary cultivator blade holder (1.3) and a ditching device (3) arranged on a rotary cultivator main frame (1.1); the method is characterized in that: the ditching device (3) comprises two side beams (3.1) respectively connected to two side plates (1.2) of a main frame (1.1) of the rotary cultivator, a cross beam (3.2) arranged between the two side beams (3.1) and a plurality of ditching plows (2) respectively arranged on the cross beam (3.2) through plow body connecting seats (3.4); the ditching plows (2) and the rotary cultivator tool holders (1.3) are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence mode, and each ditching plow (2) is located right in front of the middle position between the pair of vertical rotary tillage blades (4);

each vertical rotary tillage blade (4) sequentially comprises a cutter handle (4.1), a transition connecting edge (4.2), a transition cutting edge (4.3) and a tangent edge (4.4) from top to bottom; the cutter handle (4.1) is arranged on a rotary cultivator cutter holder (1.3), the transitional connecting blade (4.2) adopts an arc curved surface, and the bending direction of the arc curved surface determines the positive and negative tangential directions of the vertical rotary tillage blade (4); a transition circular arc (4.3a) is arranged at the contact position of the edge back (4.3b) of the transition cutting edge (4.3) and the edge back (4.4b) of the tangent edge (4.4); the curve of the cutting edge (4.4a) of the tangential cutting edge (4.4) adopts a constant-speed spiral curve, the horizontal distance between the curve of the cutting edge (4.4a) of the tangential cutting edge (4.4) and the curve of the back edge (4.4b) of the tangential cutting edge (4.4) is gradually reduced from top to bottom, and the minimum distance is not less than 30 mm.

2. The duckbill transplanter seedbed finishing device of claim 1, characterized in that: each ditching plow (2) comprises a plow standard (2.1) connected with a plow body connecting seat (3.4), two front side plates (2.2), two rear side plates (2.3) and a bottom plate (2.4), wherein the intersecting curve of the soil breaking curved surfaces of the two front side plates (2.2) is a cutting edge curve, the two front side plates (2.2) and the two rear side plates (2.3) are symmetrically arranged along the plane where the cutting edge curve is located, and the lower bottom edges of the two front side plates (2.2) and the two rear side plates (2.3) are enclosed by the bottom plate (2.4) to form a closed lower bottom surface; and two trapezoidal plates (2.5) which are arranged in parallel are inserted into a cavity enclosed by the two front side plates (2.2), the two rear side plates (2.3) and the bottom plate (2.4), the bottom ends of the two trapezoidal plates (2.5) are welded on the bottom plate (2.4), the bottom of the plow standard (2.1) is inserted between the two trapezoidal plates (2.5), and the side wall of the plow standard (2.1) is welded on the surface of the two trapezoidal plates (2.5).

3. The duckbill transplanter seedbed finishing device of claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: a triangular reinforcing plate (3.3) is welded between each plough body connecting seat (3.4) and the cross beam (3.2).

4. The duckbill transplanter seedbed finishing device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: each side plate (1.2) is provided with a plurality of side plate adjusting holes (1.2a), and each side beam (3.1) is provided with a side beam adjusting hole (3.1a) matched with the side plate adjusting hole (1.2 a).