CN106711992B - Topological structure of permanent magnet direct current fan cluster system - Google Patents
Topological structure of permanent magnet direct current fan cluster system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a topological structure of a permanent magnet direct current fan cluster system, which comprises a plurality of permanent magnet direct current fan parallel branches, wherein each permanent magnet direct current fan parallel branch comprises a plurality of permanent magnet direct current fan assemblies connected in parallel, and the plurality of permanent magnet direct current fan parallel branches are connected in parallel to form a closed loop structure; each permanent magnet direct current fan assembly outputs high-voltage direct current, and a high-voltage direct current gathering point is arranged on the closed loop structure. Aiming at the defects of complex series-parallel control and difficult fault handling of the direct current fans, the magnetic integration high-frequency transformer and the high-frequency high-voltage rectifier are utilized to solve the problems that the direct current fans generate high-voltage direct current, the topological structure of a multi-fan cluster system and fault tolerance are solved, the problem of extra electrical insulation caused by the series connection of the direct current fans is solved, and the problems of fan power distribution and complex voltage stable control caused by different wind speeds or faults are overcome.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of direct current fans, in particular to a topological structure of a permanent magnet direct current fan cluster system, and specifically relates to a modular electric energy conversion high-voltage direct current fan of a low-voltage multi-module multiphase permanent magnet generator and a high-voltage direct current cluster system structure thereof.
Background
The offshore wind farm has the advantages of direct current transmission over alternating current transmission, and various offshore wind farm direct current fan series-parallel structures are provided for the purpose.
An existing offshore wind farm generally adopts a series structure of a plurality of direct current wind turbines, as shown in fig. 1. This structure generally has the following drawbacks:
1. the direct current fans are connected in series, so that the electric withstand voltage of each direct current fan is increased in proportion to the number of the fans connected in series, and higher requirements are put forward for the electric insulation of the generator and the power converter.
2. The direct current fans are limited by uneven wind speed distribution and the same current of the serial branch, so that the voltage of the outlet of each direct current fan in the serial branch needs to be adjusted to meet the requirements of total voltage balance and power transmission, the control system is complex and difficult, the wind abandoning phenomenon exists, and the utilization of wind power resources is reduced.
At present, no explanation or report of the similar technology of the invention is found, and similar data at home and abroad are not collected.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a topological structure of a permanent magnet direct current fan cluster system, which ensures that direct current fans are independent, the output voltages are the same, the reliability of a ring network structure is high, the internal modular structure of the direct current fan simplifies the complexity of electrical control, and a low-voltage permanent magnet synchronous generator and a power converter do not need to additionally increase the insulation requirement, thereby effectively solving various problems caused by series-parallel direct current fans.
In order to realize the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a topological structure of a permanent magnet direct current fan cluster system comprises a plurality of permanent magnet direct current fan parallel branches, wherein each permanent magnet direct current fan parallel branch comprises a plurality of permanent magnet direct current fan assemblies connected in parallel, and the plurality of permanent magnet direct current fan parallel branches are connected in parallel to form a closed loop structure; each permanent magnet direct current fan assembly outputs high-voltage direct current, and a high-voltage direct current gathering point is arranged on the closed loop structure.
Preferably, each of the permanent magnet dc fan assemblies includes: the wind turbine and the permanent magnet direct current fan are connected with each other; the permanent magnet direct current fan comprises a permanent magnet synchronous generator, an AC/DC rectifier, a DC/AC high-frequency inverter, an AC/AC magnetic integrated high-frequency transformer and an AC/DC high-frequency high-voltage rectifier which are sequentially connected.
Preferably, the permanent magnet synchronous generator is provided with N-phase windings, the AC/DC rectifier comprises N unidirectional controllable rectifier modules corresponding to the N-phase windings, the DC/AC high-frequency inverter comprises N bidirectional inverter modules corresponding to the N unidirectional controllable rectifier modules, and the AC/AC magnetic integrated high-frequency transformer is provided with N low-voltage winding ends and 1 high-voltage winding end corresponding to the N bidirectional inverter modules; wherein:
two output ends of each phase winding of the permanent magnet synchronous generator are respectively connected with the input end of a corresponding one-way controllable rectifier module, the output end of each one-way controllable rectifier module is respectively connected with the input end of a corresponding two-way inverter module, the output end of each two-way inverter module is respectively connected with a corresponding low-voltage winding end, N low-voltage winding ends are integrated to share 1 high-voltage winding end, and the high-voltage winding end is connected with the alternating current side of the AC/DC high-frequency high-voltage rectifier.
Preferably, the permanent magnet synchronous generator comprises 8 armature modules, wherein each armature module is 3 phases, each phase is provided with 1 winding, and 24 windings are provided in total, wherein each winding comprises 12 series coils.
Preferably, the unidirectional controllable rectifier module comprises: uncontrollable device D1nUncontrollable device D2nUncontrollable device D3nUncontrollable device D4nControllable device S1nControllable device S2nAnd a filter capacitor C1nSaid uncontrollable device D1n～D4nTwo of the controllable devices are connected in series and then connected in parallel to form an H bridge a, and the controllable devices S1nAnd a controllable device S2nAre respectively connected with two lower bridge arms of the H bridge a in parallel, and the filter capacitor C1nThe two output ends of each phase winding of the permanent magnet synchronous generator are respectively connected to two series branches forming the H bridge a, and the filter capacitor C1nThe input direct current power supply as the bidirectional inverter module is connected in parallel with the input end of the bidirectional inverter module.
Preferably, the bidirectional inverter module includes: uncontrollable device D5nUncontrollable device D6nUncontrollable device D7nUncontrollable device D8nControllable device S3nControllable device S4nControllable device S5nControllable device S6nAnd a leading-out terminal L Wn1And an outlet L Wn2Said uncontrollable device D5n～D8nTwo of the controllable devices are connected in series and then connected in parallel to form an H bridge b, and the controllable devices S3n～S6nRespectively connected with uncontrollable devices D5n～D8nParallel connection, the leading-out terminal L Wn1And an outlet L Wn2Respectively connected to two serial branches forming H bridge b, and a leading-out terminal L Wn1And an outlet L Wn2The output ends of the low-voltage winding are respectively connected with the wiring ends of the low-voltage winding ends.
Preferably, the AC/AC magnetic integrated high-frequency transformer includes N low-voltage windings, N iron cores, and 1 high-voltage winding, where the N low-voltage windings are respectively wound on the N iron cores to form N low-voltage winding ends, and the N iron cores are integrated to share 1 high-voltage winding to form 1 high-voltage winding end;
each iron core comprises an even number of separable magnetic cores which are arranged according to an axisymmetrical space; the even number of separable magnetic cores are divided into magnetic cores with upward openings and magnetic cores with downward openings, the magnetic cores with the upward openings are arranged and fixed, the high-voltage coil forming the high-voltage winding is sleeved on a magnetic core column which is magnetically integrated in the middle of the magnetic cores with the upward openings, the low-voltage coil forming the low-voltage winding is sleeved on the magnetic cores around the magnetic cores with the downward openings, and the magnetic cores with the downward openings are placed on the magnetic cores with the upward openings.
Preferably, the terminal of the low-voltage coil is led out from the side of the AC/AC magnetic integration high-frequency transformer, and the outlet terminal of the high-voltage coil is led out from the middle of the AC/AC magnetic integration high-frequency transformer.
Preferably, the iron core further comprises a lower insulating compression plate and an upper insulating compression plate, and the lower insulating compression plate and the upper insulating compression plate are arranged between the magnetic core with the upward opening and the magnetic core with the downward opening.
Preferably, the AC/DC high-frequency high-voltage rectifier comprises an uncontrollable device D1Uncontrollable device D2Uncontrollable device D3Uncontrollable device D4Uncontrollable device D5Uncontrollable device D6Controllable device S1Controllable device S2And a high-voltage filter capacitor CHvSaid uncontrollable device D1～D4Two pairs of the uncontrollable devices are connected in series and then connected in parallel to form an H bridge c5And uncontrollable device D6Respectively associated with controllable devices S1And a controllable device S2The input end of the AC side is connected with two outlet ends of a high-voltage winding end, the output end of the AC side is respectively connected on two serial branches forming an H bridge C, and two output direct current ends of the H bridge C are connected with a high-voltage filter capacitor CHVAt both ends of the same.
The topological structure of the permanent magnet direct current fan cluster system provided by the invention adopts a low-voltage permanent magnet wind driven generator (a permanent magnet synchronous generator) with any phase number and module number, a modular winding controllable rectifier (an AC/DC rectifier), a modular DC/AC high-frequency inverter (a DC/AC high-frequency inverter), a magnetic integrated high-frequency transformer (an AC/AC magnetic integrated high-frequency transformer) and a high-frequency high-voltage controllable rectifier (an AC/DC high-frequency high-voltage rectifier) to form a permanent magnet direct current fan assembly.
According to the topological structure of the permanent magnet direct current fan cluster system, each permanent magnet direct current fan component outputs high-voltage direct current to be connected in parallel, a plurality of permanent magnet direct current fan components form a permanent magnet direct current fan parallel branch, a plurality of permanent magnet direct current fan parallel branch fields form a radial convergence topological structure, and the tail end of the topological structure forms a closed loop structure. Each permanent magnet direct current fan assembly is independent and consistent in voltage, and the extra insulation requirement that the series direct current fans need to be increased in electric withstand voltage level is avoided. Any permanent magnet direct current fan assembly breaks down, can all follow the system and cut off the operation that does not influence other units, has increased the reliability of system.
The topological structure of the permanent magnet direct current fan cluster system provided by the invention adopts a modular low-voltage permanent magnet generator PMSG, each module one-way controllable rectifier, each direct current module DC/AC high-frequency inverter, an independent magnetic circuit integrated high-frequency transformer and a high-frequency high-voltage controllable rectifier, wherein high voltage and low voltage are electrically isolated, and the low-voltage insulating material of the permanent magnet generator is thin in thickness, so that the heat dissipation effect can be improved; each direct current branch is independent, and the independent magnetic circuit integrated high-frequency transformer can form high-transformation-ratio boosting through two aspects of the cross section area of a magnetic circuit and the number of turns of a coil; the controllable rectification can realize power control and simplify the control of the high-voltage side of the system.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
firstly, aiming at the complexity of the control of the series-parallel direct current fans, the independence of the control of the direct current fans and the consistency of the output high voltage direct current are solved.
Secondly, the permanent magnet synchronous generator has a multi-pole, low-speed, low-voltage, multi-module and multi-phase independent magnetic circuit structure, so that the direct mechanical coupling of a wind turbine and the generator is solved, the fault problem caused by a gear box is eliminated, and favorable conditions are created for modular power conversion and fault-tolerant control.
Thirdly, each phase winding of the permanent magnet synchronous generator forms power conversion with the controllable rectifier, the filter and the bidirectional inverter independently, so that the independence of winding control is increased, and the fault tolerance of the winding is enhanced.
Fourthly, the magnetic integrated high-frequency transformer realizes double voltage multiplication through the multiplication of the sectional area of a magnetic circuit and the multiplication of the turns of high and low voltage windings, and solves the problem of limitation of the boosting ratio of a common booster circuit and a common magnetic circuit transformer.
Drawings
Other features, objects and advantages of the invention will become more apparent upon reading of the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the following drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a topology structure of a conventional series-parallel DC fan cluster;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a topology structure of a permanent magnet DC fan cluster system according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of the permanent magnet DC fan assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an AC/DC rectifier according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the DC/AC high frequency inverter of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an AC/AC magnetic integrated high-frequency transformer according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the AC/DC high frequency and high voltage rectifier of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following examples illustrate the invention in detail: the embodiment is implemented on the premise of the technical scheme of the invention, and a detailed implementation mode and a specific operation process are given. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention.
Examples
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a topology structure of a permanent magnet dc fan cluster system provided in this embodiment, and fig. 3 is a block diagram of a structure of a permanent magnet dc fan assembly provided in this embodiment.
Wherein:
the topological structure of the permanent magnet direct current fan cluster system provided by the embodiment comprises a plurality of permanent magnet direct current fan parallel branches, wherein each permanent magnet direct current fan parallel branch comprises a plurality of permanent magnet direct current fan assemblies connected in parallel, and the plurality of permanent magnet direct current fan parallel branches are connected in parallel to form a closed loop structure; each permanent magnet direct current fan assembly outputs high-voltage direct current, and a high-voltage direct current gathering point is arranged on the closed loop structure.
Further, each permanent magnetism direct current fan subassembly all includes: the wind turbine and the permanent magnet direct current fan are connected with each other; the permanent magnet direct current fan comprises a permanent magnet synchronous generator, an AC/DC rectifier, a DC/AC high-frequency inverter, an AC/AC magnetic integrated high-frequency transformer and an AC/DC high-frequency high-voltage rectifier which are sequentially connected.
Further, the permanent magnet synchronous generator is provided with N-phase windings, the AC/DC rectifier comprises N unidirectional controllable rectifier modules corresponding to the N-phase windings, the DC/AC high-frequency inverter comprises N bidirectional inverter modules corresponding to the N unidirectional controllable rectifier modules, and the AC/AC magnetic integrated high-frequency transformer is provided with N low-voltage winding ends and 1 high-voltage winding end corresponding to the N bidirectional inverter modules; wherein:
two output ends of each phase winding of the permanent magnet synchronous generator are respectively connected with the input end of a corresponding one-way controllable rectifier module, the output end of each one-way controllable rectifier module is respectively connected with the input end of a corresponding two-way inverter module, the output end of each two-way inverter module is respectively connected with a corresponding low-voltage winding end, N low-voltage winding ends are integrated to share 1 high-voltage winding end, and the high-voltage winding end is connected with the alternating current side of the AC/DC high-frequency high-voltage rectifier.
Further, the permanent magnet synchronous generator comprises 8 armature modules, wherein each armature module is 3 phases, each phase is provided with 1 winding, and 24 windings are provided in total, wherein each winding comprises 12 series coils.
Further, the unidirectional controllable rectifier module comprises: uncontrollable device D1nUncontrollable device D2nUncontrollable device D3nUncontrollable device D4nControllable device S1nControllable device S2nAnd a filter capacitor C1nSaid uncontrollable device D1n～D4nTwo of the controllable devices are connected in series and then connected in parallel to form an H bridge a, and the controllable devices S1nAnd a controllable device S2nAre respectively connected with two lower bridge arms of the H bridge a in parallel, and the filter capacitor C1nThe two output ends of each phase winding of the permanent magnet synchronous generator are respectively connected to two series branches forming the H bridge a, and the filter capacitor C1nThe input direct current power supply as the bidirectional inverter module is connected in parallel with the input end of the bidirectional inverter module.
Further, the bidirectional inverter module includes: uncontrollable device D5nUncontrollable device D6nUncontrollable device D7nUncontrollable device D8nControllable device S3nControllable device S4nControllable device S5nControllable device S6nAnd a leading-out terminal L Wn1And an outlet L Wn2Said uncontrollable device D5n～D8nTwo of the controllable devices are connected in series and then connected in parallel to form an H bridge b, and the controllable devices S3n～S6nRespectively connected with uncontrollable devices D5n～D8nParallel connection, the leading-out terminal L Wn1And an outlet L Wn2Respectively connected to two serial branches forming H bridge b, and a leading-out terminal L Wn1And an outlet L Wn2The output ends of the low-voltage winding are respectively connected with the wiring ends of the low-voltage winding ends.
Further, the AC/AC magnetic integrated high-frequency transformer includes N low-voltage windings, N iron cores, and 1 high-voltage winding, where the N low-voltage windings are respectively wound on the N iron cores to form N low-voltage winding ends, and the N iron cores are integrated to share 1 high-voltage winding to form 1 high-voltage winding end;
each iron core comprises an even number of separable magnetic cores which are arranged according to an axisymmetrical space; the even number of separable magnetic cores are divided into magnetic cores with upward openings and magnetic cores with downward openings, the magnetic cores with the upward openings are arranged and fixed, the high-voltage coil forming the high-voltage winding is sleeved on a magnetic core column which is magnetically integrated in the middle of the magnetic cores with the upward openings, the low-voltage coil forming the low-voltage winding is sleeved on the magnetic cores around the magnetic cores with the downward openings, and the magnetic cores with the downward openings are placed on the magnetic cores with the upward openings.
Furthermore, the terminal of the low-voltage coil is led out from the side face of the AC/AC magnetic integration high-frequency transformer, and the outlet terminal of the high-voltage coil is led out from the middle of the AC/AC magnetic integration high-frequency transformer.
Further, the iron core further comprises a lower insulating pressing plate and an upper insulating pressing plate, and the lower insulating pressing plate and the upper insulating pressing plate are arranged between the magnetic core with the upward opening and the magnetic core with the downward opening.
Further, the AC/DC high-frequency high-voltage rectifier comprises an uncontrollable device D1Uncontrollable device D2Uncontrollable device D3Uncontrollable device D4Uncontrollable device D5Uncontrollable device D6Controllable device S1Controllable device S2And a high-voltage filter capacitor CHVSaid uncontrollable device D1～D4Two pairs of the uncontrollable devices are connected in series and then connected in parallel to form an H bridge c5And uncontrollable device D6Respectively associated with controllable devices S1And a controllable device S2The high-frequency high-voltage rectifier is characterized in that the high-frequency high-voltage rectifier is connected in series and then is connected in anti-parallel to form an alternating current side of the AC/DC high-frequency high-voltage rectifier, an input end of the alternating current side is connected with an outlet end HW1 and an outlet end HW2 of a high-voltage winding end, an output end of the alternating current side is respectively connected to two series branches forming an H bridge c, and an output direct current end HV of the H bridge1nAnd an output DC terminal HV2nConnected with a high-voltage filter capacitor CHVAt both ends of the same.
In this embodiment:
a topological structure of a permanent magnet direct current fan cluster system is characterized in that each permanent magnet direct current fan assembly outputs high-voltage direct current, a plurality of permanent magnet direct current fan assemblies are connected in parallel to form a branch, a plurality of branches are connected in parallel to form an annular structure, and a high-voltage direct current convergence point is selected from the ring, wherein the convergence point can be a direct current converter station or a direct current transmission end.
The permanent magnet direct current fan assemblies are independently controlled, the output direct current voltage is the same, the power is determined according to the utilization rate of wind power resources, the utilization rate of the wind resources can be improved and the reliability of power supply can be enhanced due to the annular network structure, and even if a direct current fan fails, other fans and transmission voltage cannot be influenced as long as the fan is cut off.
The permanent magnet direct current fan assembly comprises a wind turbine and a permanent magnet direct current fan (comprising a Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator (PMSG), an AC/DC rectifier, a DC/AC high-frequency inverter, an AC/AC magnetic integrated high-frequency transformer and an AC/DC high-frequency high-voltage rectifier) which are mutually connected, low-voltage alternating current output by the permanent magnet synchronous generator is converted into high-voltage direct current, windings of the permanent magnet synchronous generator are electrically insulated to keep a low-voltage state, and high-voltage direct current output is realized through multi-path low-voltage direct current, high-frequency alternating current and high-frequency magnetic integrated transformer boosting and high-frequency rectification.
The permanent magnet synchronous generator is a multi-pole low-speed wind turbine direct-drive low-voltage, multi-module and multi-phase structure, each module contains the same phase number, each phase of magnetic circuit is relatively independent, and circuits and magnetic circuits between the modules and between the phases are independent and not mutually coupled.
Each phase winding (leading-out terminal L) of the permanent magnet synchronous generator1n、L2n) An independent power one-way controllable rectifier module is adopted, as shown in figure 3, the rectifier module comprises four uncontrollable devices (D)1n～D4n) Formed H-bridge, and two lower bridge arms (D)3nAnd D4n) Respectively connected in parallel with controllable devices (S)1nAnd S2n) So that the winding current can be controlled bidirectionally, an AC/DC boost rectifier module is formed by utilizing the inductance of the winding, and a filter capacitor C is output in parallel connection1nAnd stabilizing the direct current voltage. Because the multi-module multi-phase permanent magnet synchronous generator has N windings, N rectifier modules are provided.
The unidirectional controllable rectifier module (hereinafter referred to as rectifier module) outputs dc voltage to pass through the bidirectional H-bridge bidirectional inverter module (hereinafter referred to as inverter module), as shown in fig. 4, the inverter module includes four uncontrollable modulesDevice (D)5n～D8n) And a controllable device (S) connected in parallel thereto3n～S6n) Is formed by controlling and outputting square wave voltage (leading-out terminal L W)n1、LWn2) The square wave voltage is input into a low-voltage coil (L W) of a high-frequency transformern). Because the number of the rectification modules is N, the low-voltage coil of the high-frequency transformer (hereinafter referred to as the high-frequency transformer) has N independent inversion modules and N independent AC/AC magnetic integration high-frequency transformers. When the permanent magnet synchronous generator winding in the permanent magnet direct current fan breaks down and needs to cut off the working state of the winding, on one hand, the AC/DC rectifier side is disconnected, and on the other hand, the controllable device S of the lower bridge arm of the bidirectional inverter module4nAnd S6nThe conduction short-circuits the corresponding low-voltage coil (forming the low-voltage winding) in the AC/AC magnetic integrated high-frequency transformer, eliminates the magnetic flux of the magnetic circuit, and simultaneously avoids the excitation reverse flux of the high-voltage coil (forming the high-voltage winding) from causing high voltage to invade the low-voltage circuit when the low-voltage coil is opened. Other windings and systems of the permanent magnet synchronous generator can work normally. When the fault is serious, the high-voltage direct-current side can be disconnected with a direct-current power grid, and the whole permanent-magnet direct-current fan is disconnected with the power grid.
The magnetic circuits of the low-voltage windings of the high-frequency transformer are independent, the low-voltage windings are coupled with the high-voltage winding through magnetic integration, and as shown in figure 5, the output voltage of each bidirectional inverter module at the front end is in each low-voltage winding (L W)1～LWN) The magnetic flux caused by the magnetic circuit is enhanced through magnetic integration superposition, so that the magnetic flux after magnetic integration is multiplied on the high-voltage winding side (HW), and high voltage is generated through the combined action of magnetic flux multiplication and high-voltage and low-voltage winding turn ratio multiplication of the high-frequency transformer.
The output (leading-out end HW) of the high-frequency transformer1、HW2) Through controllable high-voltage rectification to form high-voltage AC/DC boosting, and through high-voltage filter capacitor CHVFiltering into a stable high voltage dc voltage as shown in fig. 6. The AC/DC high-frequency high-voltage rectifier adopts four uncontrollable devices (D)1～D4) An H-bridge arm formed by the AC/DC booster circuit (anti-parallel S) which realizes bidirectional current control according to the voltage polarity of a high-voltage coil in the middle1And D5，S2And D6)。
According to the topological structure of the permanent magnet direct current fan cluster system, permanent magnet direct current fan components are connected in parallel to form a multi-loop annular cluster system topological structure, and the reliability of the system is improved.
The following description takes an example in which a permanent magnet synchronous generator is provided with 24 windings as follows:
the permanent magnet synchronous generator is 5MW, the rotating speed is 10rpm, 280 poles are divided into 8 armature modules, each armature module is 3 phases, each phase is provided with one winding, namely 24 windings, each winding is provided with 12 coils in series, and the winding voltage is 960V. Each permanent magnet direct current fan assembly has 24 AC/DC rectifier modules shown in figure 4, 24 bidirectional inverter modules shown in figure 5, 24 low-voltage windings and iron cores of an AC/AC magnetic integrated high-frequency transformer, each iron core is composed of an even number of separable magnetic cores, 24 iron cores are integrated to share 1 high-voltage winding, the schematic diagram of the high-voltage winding and the low-voltage winding of the AC/AC magnetic integrated high-frequency transformer is shown in figure 6, and 1 AC/DC high-frequency high-voltage rectifier is shown in figure 7.
Two outlet terminals (L) of each winding of the permanent magnet synchronous generator1nAnd L2n) Connected with the input end of the corresponding one-way controllable rectifier module, and the output end of each one-way controllable rectifier module is connected with a filter capacitor C in parallel1nVoltage regulation, the filter capacitor C1nMeanwhile, as an input direct current power supply of the bidirectional inverter module, the output alternating current square wave of the bidirectional inverter module and a low-voltage coil (forming a low-voltage winding) terminal (L W) of an AC/AC magnetic integrated high-frequency transformern1And L Wn2) High-voltage coil (forming high-voltage winding) outlet terminal (HW) of connected AC/AC magnetic integrated high-frequency transformer1And HW2) Connected to the AC side of the AC/DC high-frequency high-voltage rectifier, the AC/DC high-frequency high-voltage rectifier outputs a DC terminal (HV)1nAnd HV2n) Is connected with a high-voltage filter capacitor CHV。
The separable magnetic cores of the AC/AC magnetic integrated high-frequency transformer are arranged according to an axisymmetrical space, the openings of the magnetic cores are upward or downward, after the magnetic cores with the upward openings are arranged and fixed, a lower insulating pressing plate is placed, a high-voltage wire with insulation is sleeved on a middle magnetic integrated magnetic core column, low-voltage coils with insulation are sleeved on the respective magnetic cores around, an upper insulating pressing plate is placed, the magnetic core with the downward opening is placed on the magnetic core with the upward opening, finally, the magnetic core with the downward opening is fixed, the low-voltage coils are led out from the side surface of the AC/AC magnetic integrated high-frequency transformer, and the high-voltage coils are led out from the middle of the AC/AC magnetic integrated high-frequency transformer.
The topology structure of the permanent magnet direct current fan cluster system provided by the embodiment comprises a permanent magnet direct current fan and a direct current fan cluster topology structure, wherein the permanent magnet direct current fan is composed of a low-voltage permanent magnet wind driven generator with any phase number and module number, a modularized winding controllable rectifier, a modularized DC/AC high-frequency inverter, a magnetic integration high-frequency transformer and a high-frequency high-voltage controllable rectifier.
The topological structure of the permanent magnet direct current fan cluster system is shown in fig. 2, each permanent magnet direct current fan assembly outputs high-voltage direct current and is connected in parallel, a plurality of permanent magnet direct current fan assemblies form a branch, a plurality of branch fields form a radial convergence topological structure, and the tail ends of the branch fields are connected in parallel to form a multi-loop annular structure. The direct current fans are independently controlled and have consistent direct current voltage, and the insulation requirement that the series direct current fans need to additionally increase the electric voltage withstanding grade is avoided. Any direct current fan can be cut off from the system when a fault occurs, and the operation of other units is not influenced, so that the reliability of the system is improved.
The block diagram structure of each permanent magnet direct current fan is shown in fig. 3, and comprises a modular low-voltage permanent magnet generator PMSG, a unidirectional controllable rectifier (unidirectional controllable rectifier module) of each module, a DC/AC high-frequency inverter (bidirectional inverter module) of each direct current module, an independent magnetic circuit integrated high-frequency transformer (AC/AC magnetic integrated high-frequency transformer), and a high-frequency high-voltage controllable rectifier (AC/DC high-frequency high-voltage rectifier). High voltage and low voltage are electrically isolated, and the low-voltage insulating material of the permanent magnet synchronous generator is thin in thickness, so that the heat dissipation effect can be improved. Each direct current branch is independent, and the magnetic integrated high-frequency transformer can form high-voltage ratio boosting through two aspects of the cross section area of a magnetic circuit and the number of turns of a coil. The controllable rectification can realize power control and simplify the control of the high-voltage side of the system.
To sum up, the embodiment solves the problems of high voltage direct current generated by the direct current fans, topological structure of a multi-fan cluster system and fault tolerance by using the magnetic integration high-frequency transformer and the high-frequency high-voltage rectifier, avoids the problem of extra electrical insulation caused by the series connection of the direct current fans, and overcomes the problems of fan power distribution and complex voltage stability control caused by different wind speeds or faults.
The foregoing description of specific embodiments of the present invention has been presented. It is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and that various changes and modifications may be made by one skilled in the art within the scope of the appended claims without departing from the spirit of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. A topological structure of a permanent magnet direct current fan cluster system is characterized by comprising a plurality of permanent magnet direct current fan parallel branches, wherein each permanent magnet direct current fan parallel branch comprises a plurality of permanent magnet direct current fan assemblies connected in parallel, and the plurality of permanent magnet direct current fan parallel branches are connected in parallel to form a closed loop structure; each permanent magnet direct current fan assembly outputs high-voltage direct current, and a high-voltage direct current convergent point is arranged on the closed loop structure;
each permanent magnetism direct current fan subassembly all includes: the wind turbine and the permanent magnet direct current fan are connected with each other; the permanent magnet direct current fan comprises a permanent magnet synchronous generator, an AC/DC rectifier, a DC/AC high-frequency inverter, an AC/AC magnetic integrated high-frequency transformer and an AC/DC high-frequency high-voltage rectifier which are sequentially connected;
the permanent magnet synchronous generator is provided with N-phase windings, the AC/DC rectifier comprises N unidirectional controllable rectifier modules corresponding to the N-phase windings, the DC/AC high-frequency inverter comprises N bidirectional inverter modules corresponding to the N unidirectional controllable rectifier modules, and the AC/AC magnetic integrated high-frequency transformer is provided with N low-voltage winding ends and 1 high-voltage winding end corresponding to the N bidirectional inverter modules; wherein:
two output ends of each phase winding of the permanent magnet synchronous generator are respectively connected with the input end of a corresponding one-way controllable rectifier module, the output end of each one-way controllable rectifier module is respectively connected with the input end of a corresponding two-way inverter module, the output end of each two-way inverter module is respectively connected with a corresponding low-voltage winding end, N low-voltage winding ends are integrated to share 1 high-voltage winding end, and the high-voltage winding end is connected with the alternating current side of the AC/DC high-frequency high-voltage rectifier.
2. The permanent magnet direct current fan cluster system topology of claim 1, wherein the permanent magnet synchronous generator comprises 8 armature modules, wherein each armature module is 3 phases, each phase is provided with 1 winding, and 24 windings in total, wherein each winding comprises 12 coils connected in series.
3. The permanent magnet direct current fan cluster system topology of claim 1, wherein the unidirectional controllable rectifier module comprises: uncontrollable device D1nUncontrollable device D2nUncontrollable device D3nUncontrollable device D4nControllable device S1nControllable device S2nAnd a filter capacitor C1nSaid uncontrollable device D1n～D4nTwo of the controllable devices are connected in series and then connected in parallel to form an H bridge a, and the controllable devices S1nAnd a controllable device S2nAre respectively connected with two lower bridge arms of the H bridge a in parallel, and the filter capacitor C1nThe two output ends of each phase winding of the permanent magnet synchronous generator are respectively connected to two series branches forming the H bridge a, and the filter capacitor C1nThe input direct current power supply as the bidirectional inverter module is connected in parallel with the input end of the bidirectional inverter module.
4. The permanent magnet dc fan cluster system topology of claim 1, wherein the bi-directional inverter module comprises: uncontrollable device D5nUncontrollable device D6nUncontrollable device D7nUncontrollable device D8nControllable device S3nControllable device S4nControllable device S5nControllable device S6nAnd a leading-out terminal L Wn1And an outlet L Wn2What is, what isSaid uncontrollable device D5n～D8nTwo of the controllable devices are connected in series and then connected in parallel to form an H bridge b, and the controllable devices S3n～S6nRespectively connected with uncontrollable devices D5n～D8nParallel connection, the leading-out terminal L Wn1And an outlet L Wn2Respectively connected to two serial branches forming H bridge b, and a leading-out terminal L Wn1And an outlet L Wn2The output ends of the low-voltage winding are respectively connected with the wiring ends of the low-voltage winding ends.
5. The permanent magnet direct current fan cluster system topology structure of claim 1, wherein the AC/AC magnetic integrated high frequency transformer comprises N low voltage windings, N iron cores, and 1 high voltage winding, wherein the N low voltage windings are respectively wound on the N iron cores to form N low voltage winding ends, and the N iron cores are integrated to share 1 high voltage winding to form 1 high voltage winding end;
each iron core comprises an even number of separable magnetic cores which are arranged according to an axisymmetrical space; the even number of separable magnetic cores are divided into magnetic cores with upward openings and magnetic cores with downward openings, the magnetic cores with the upward openings are arranged and fixed, the high-voltage coil forming the high-voltage winding is sleeved on a magnetic core column which is magnetically integrated in the middle of the magnetic cores with the upward openings, the low-voltage coil forming the low-voltage winding is sleeved on the magnetic cores around the magnetic cores with the downward openings, and the magnetic cores with the downward openings are placed on the magnetic cores with the upward openings.
6. The permanent magnet direct current fan cluster system topology structure of claim 5, wherein a terminal of a low voltage coil is led out from a side of the AC/AC magnetic integration high frequency transformer, and an outlet terminal of a high voltage coil is led out from the middle of the AC/AC magnetic integration high frequency transformer.
7. The permanent magnet dc fan cluster system topology of claim 5, wherein the iron core further comprises a lower insulating compression plate and an upper insulating compression plate, the lower insulating compression plate and the upper insulating compression plate being disposed between the upward-opening magnetic core and the downward-opening magnetic core.
8. The permanent magnet DC fan cluster system topology of any of claims 1-7, wherein the AC/DC high frequency high voltage rectifier comprises an uncontrollable device D1Uncontrollable device D2Uncontrollable device D3Uncontrollable device D4Uncontrollable device D5Uncontrollable device D6Controllable device S1Controllable device S2And a high-voltage filter capacitor CHVSaid uncontrollable device D1～D4Two pairs of the uncontrollable devices are connected in series and then connected in parallel to form an H bridge c5And uncontrollable device D6Respectively associated with controllable devices S1And a controllable device S2The input end of the AC side is connected with two outlet ends of a high-voltage winding end, the output end of the AC side is respectively connected on two serial branches forming an H bridge C, and two output direct current ends of the H bridge C are connected with a high-voltage filter capacitor CHVAt both ends of the same.
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| CN107947222A (en) * | 2017-12-26 | 2018-04-20 | 北京金风科创风电设备有限公司 | Direct current fan power transmission system |
| CN108899887A (en) * | 2018-05-18 | 2018-11-27 | 周羽 | Power generation Transformer Rectifier system and its control method based on type multiphase permanent magnet generator |
| CN109617120B (en) * | 2018-12-24 | 2022-11-29 | 北京金风科创风电设备有限公司 | Direct-current wind generating set and wind power plant |
| CN113364025A (en) * | 2021-08-06 | 2021-09-07 | 四川大学 | Wind power generation unit, offshore transmitting end converter station, power transmission system and power transmission method |
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