CN106706171A - Frequency spectrum calculation-based measuring device and measuring method for multi-string vibrating string sensor - Google Patents
Frequency spectrum calculation-based measuring device and measuring method for multi-string vibrating string sensor Download PDFInfo
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- CN106706171A CN106706171A CN201710028385.6A CN201710028385A CN106706171A CN 106706171 A CN106706171 A CN 106706171A CN 201710028385 A CN201710028385 A CN 201710028385A CN 106706171 A CN106706171 A CN 106706171A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000008358 core component Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005674 electromagnetic induction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 2
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L1/00—Measuring force or stress, in general
- G01L1/10—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations of frequency of stressed vibrating elements, e.g. of stressed strings
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B17/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of infrasonic, sonic or ultrasonic vibrations
- G01B17/04—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of infrasonic, sonic or ultrasonic vibrations for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. by vibrating string
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Measurement Of Mechanical Vibrations Or Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a frequency spectrum calculation-based measuring device and a measuring method for a multi-string vibrating string sensor and belongs to the field of civil engineering, wherein the device and the method are applied to the structural safety and health monitoring industry. The device comprises a chordal vibrating wire sensor, a signal switching circuit, a boost module, an instrument amplifier, anti-aliasing filter, an analog-to-digital converter, and a digital signal processor (DSP) controller. According to the technical scheme of the invention, the market application limitations of multi-string sensors are solved and the conventional measurement technique is broken through. Meanwhile, the measurement limitation of existing equipment is solved. Therefore, the measurement technical difficulties of the multi-string vibrating string sensor can be solved while no hardware cost (including the number of measurement channels, system complexity, size, power consumption, cable laying and the like) is increased for no matter wired monitoring schemes or wireless monitoring schemes.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of measurement apparatus and measuring method of many string vibrating string type sensors based on spectrum calculation, belong to
Field of civil engineering, is applied to structure safety and Health monitoring industry.
Background technology
Prior art：Currently for many vibrating string type sensors of string wire, such as rope meter, many peg power meters, Strain Meter Set
Deng the sensor of vibrating wire principle, it is merely able to a string wire and matches a data acquisition channel, such as in subway foundation pit monitoring, one
Monitoring section generally needs 4 trichord axle power meters or multiple Strain Meter Set, so may result in a monitoring surface at least need 12 ~
16 measuring apparatus of passage, cause cost, power consumption, volume to become big, cabling complexity, are highly detrimental to site operation and monitoring
System is promoted.
The content of the invention
Measurement apparatus and survey it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of many string vibrating string type sensors based on spectrum calculation
Amount method, by the holding wire connected mode for improving sensor, it is only necessary to which a Measurement channel carries out signal sampling, then by frequency
The computational methods in domain obtain the frequency values of many string wires or multiple vibrating string type sensors in once gathering, and reduce sensor
Signal cable, reduce the number of channels of collecting device, so as to solve above-mentioned cost, power consumption, volume the problems such as.
The present invention to achieve these goals, is adopted the following technical scheme that：
A kind of measurement apparatus of many string vibrating string type sensors based on spectrum calculation, it includes that trichord vibrating wire sensor, signal are cut
Change circuit, boost module, instrument amplifier, frequency overlapped-resistable filter, analog-digital converter, dsp controller；
Trichord vibrating wire sensor connects signal switching circuit, signal switching circuit connection instrument amplifier, instrument amplifier connection
Frequency overlapped-resistable filter, frequency overlapped-resistable filter connection analog-digital converter, analog-digital converter connection dsp controller, the dsp controller
It is connected with signal switching circuit by boost module；
Three road signals of trichord vibrating wire sensor are simultaneously unified into the signal switching circuit for being connected to harvester all the way.
A kind of measuring method of many string vibrating string type sensors based on spectrum calculation, three string wires of trichord vibrating wire sensor
Signal is connected to signal collecting device by sharing a holding wire, and produces induced signal to its exciting by boost module,
Conditioning is filtered by frequency overlapped-resistable filter again after instrument amplifier is amplified again, is adopted finally by analog-digital converter
The data signal that sample is quantified carries out FFT calculating by dsp controller, and draws many frequency values of string wire.
Further, three road signals of trichord vibrating wire sensor and being unified into are connected to the signal switching electricity of harvester all the way
Road.
Further, the time domain discrete signal that dsp controller is collected to analog-digital converter carries out FFT computings and in frequency domain
In obtain three frequency values of string wire.
Further, boost module carries out exciting by signal switching circuit to trichord vibrating wire sensor.
Further, the induced signal that trichord vibrating wire sensor is produced is switched to instrument and amplifies by signal switching circuit
Device.
Principle of the invention, principle of the invention introduction：Because vibrating string type sensor is by the principle of electromagnetic induction, steel
The vibration of string is converted into exchanging weak electric signal.Have two core components inside it, one is coil, one be two ends tensioning steel
String, string wire is connected with the stress main body of sensor, when extraneous tested works ess-strain changes, is delivered to string wire
Upper is exactly the change of string wire tension force, the requirement of the frequency size satisfaction classics string formula that the size of this tension force vibrate with string wire,
That is T=4*m* ι2*f2
T-string wire pulling force
M-string wire linear mass
ι-effective calculating length
F-fundamental frequency
Coil has two effects, and one is that the accumulation signal that collecting device is sent is converted into the vertical of string wire as vibrator
The pulling force in direction, similar to the string that guitar is dialled with hand, can thus excite the intrinsic frequency of current string wire, another
Function as vibration pickup will be magnetized and the induced voltage signal that produces of string wire of damping vibrition to be sent to Acquisition Instrument defeated
Enter end.Because the respective vibration of many string wires is separate mechanical movement, belong to the intrinsic frequency of string wire itself, mutually not phase
Close, it is possible to by the coils from parallel connection of coils of many chord sensors together, and swashed all string wires simultaneously by same accumulation signal
Shake, so every string wire vibrates and produce sensing exchange letter after all exciting gets up in the intrinsic frequency of each comfortable respective string wire
Number, the every induced signal of string wire is all transmitted using public holding wire, and such signal is changed into by original individual transmission
The mode of linear superposition is transmitted, i.e. x（t）= x1（t）+ x2（t）+ x3（t）+···.Although superposition after time-domain signal without
Method measures every by the conventional signal procesing in time domain mode such as means such as the detection of zero-crossing examination, rising edge, pulse width detection
The frequency values of string wire, but can be using frequency spectrum switch technology（FFT）, collecting device by analog-digital converter sample it is many
The time domain discrete superposed signal of individual sensor is transformed into frequency spectrum, and looks for most value-based algorithm to obtain the frequency of echo signal by sequence
Value, so as to obtain the frequency values of many string wires or multiple sensors by once sampling.The present invention is exactly to use the method, can
By an exciting, while measuring many frequency values of string wire, on the basis of Acquisition Circuit is not changed, sensor is also reduced
Cable, such as traditional trichord rope meter, totally three coils, using single line as also at least needing 4 core cables if common port,
And using the parallel way of this method, trichord rope meter only needs to both threads, and can realize the same pacing of three strings
Amount, reduces time of measuring.So by the above method, when many string vibrating string type sensors are measured, without measuring system of upgrading
Increase extra cost.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：
Patent of the present invention solves the market application limitation for many chord sensors, is broken through in traditional e measurement technology,
The measurement limitation of existing equipment is solved, either wired, wireless monitor scheme can be realized, hardware can not increased
Cost（Measurement channel quantity, system complexity, volume, power consumption, cable laying etc.）Under the conditions of solve many string vibrating string type sensors
E measurement technology problem.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is structural schematic block diagram of the invention；
Fig. 2 is FFT frequency domain figures of the invention；
Fig. 3 is DSP program flow diagrams of the invention.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:
A kind of measurement apparatus of many string vibrating string type sensors based on spectrum calculation, it cuts including trichord vibrating wire sensor 1, signal
Change circuit 2, boost module 3, instrument amplifier 4, frequency overlapped-resistable filter 5, analog-digital converter 6, dsp controller 7；
Trichord vibrating wire sensor 1 connects signal switching circuit 2, the connection instrument amplifier 4 of signal switching circuit 2, instrument amplifier 4
Connection frequency overlapped-resistable filter 5, the connection analog-digital converter 6 of frequency overlapped-resistable filter 5, the connection dsp controller 7 of analog-digital converter 6 is described
Dsp controller 7 is connected by boost module 3 with signal switching circuit 2；
Three road signals of trichord vibrating wire sensor 1 are simultaneously unified into the signal switching circuit 2 for being connected to harvester all the way.
A kind of measuring method of many string vibrating string type sensors based on spectrum calculation, three steel of trichord vibrating wire sensor 1
String signal is connected to signal collecting device by sharing a holding wire, and sensing letter is produced to its exciting by boost module 3
Number, then conditioning is filtered by frequency overlapped-resistable filter 5 again after instrument amplifier 4 is amplified, turn finally by modulus
The data signal that the sampling of parallel operation 6 is quantified carries out FFT calculating by dsp controller 7, and draws many frequency values of string wire.
Three road signals of trichord vibrating wire sensor 1 are simultaneously unified into the signal switching circuit 2 for being connected to harvester all the way.
Dsp controller 7 carries out FFT computings and obtains in a frequency domain to the time domain discrete signal that analog-digital converter 6 is collected
Three frequency values of string wire.
Boost module 3 carries out exciting by signal switching circuit 2 to trichord vibrating wire sensor 1.
The induced signal that trichord vibrating wire sensor 1 is produced is switched to instrument amplifier 4 by signal switching circuit 2.
The principle of the invention is introduced：Because vibrating string type sensor is by the principle of electromagnetic induction, the vibration of string wire is changed
Into exchange weak electric signal.Have two core components inside it, one is coil, one be two ends tensioning string wire, string wire with pass
The stress main body connection of sensor, when extraneous tested works ess-strain changes, it is exactly string wire to be delivered on string wire
The change of tension force, the frequency size that the size of this tension force is vibrated with string wire meets the requirement of classical string formula, i.e. T=4*m* ι2*
f2
T-string wire pulling force
M-string wire linear mass
ι-effective calculating length
F-fundamental frequency
Coil has two effects, and one is that the accumulation signal that collecting device is sent is converted into the vertical of string wire as vibrator
The pulling force in direction, similar to the string that guitar is dialled with hand, can thus excite the intrinsic frequency of current string wire, another
Function as vibration pickup will be magnetized and the induced voltage signal that produces of string wire of damping vibrition to be sent to Acquisition Instrument defeated
Enter end.Because the respective vibration of many string wires is separate mechanical movement, belong to the intrinsic frequency of string wire itself, mutually not phase
Close, it is possible to by the coils from parallel connection of coils of many chord sensors together, and swashed all string wires simultaneously by same accumulation signal
Shake, so every string wire vibrates and produce sensing exchange letter after all exciting gets up in the intrinsic frequency of each comfortable respective string wire
Number, the every induced signal of string wire is all transmitted using public holding wire, and such signal is changed into by original individual transmission
The mode of linear superposition is transmitted, i.e. x（t）= x1（t）+ x2（t）+ x3（t）+···.Although superposition after time-domain signal without
Method measures every by the conventional signal procesing in time domain mode such as means such as the detection of zero-crossing examination, rising edge, pulse width detection
The frequency values of string wire, but can be using frequency spectrum switch technology（FFT）, collecting device by analog-digital converter sample it is many
The time domain discrete superposed signal of individual sensor is transformed into frequency spectrum, and looks for most value-based algorithm to obtain the frequency of echo signal by sequence
Value, so as to obtain the frequency values of many string wires or multiple sensors by once sampling.The present invention is exactly to use the method, can
By an exciting, while measuring many frequency values of string wire, on the basis of Acquisition Circuit is not changed, sensor is also reduced
Cable, such as traditional trichord rope meter, totally three coils, using single line as also at least needing 4 core cables if common port,
And using the parallel way of this method, trichord rope meter only needs to both threads, and can realize the same pacing of three strings
Amount, reduces time of measuring.So by the above method, when many string vibrating string type sensors are measured, without measuring system of upgrading
Increase extra cost.
The system specific implementation：Many chord sensors（Generally 3,4,6 strings it is in the majority）, in production, just will be all of
Coil Same Name of Ends is connected in parallel, and the other end is connected in parallel, three Same Name of Ends of coil need to be avoided because not being connected together and
The counteracting for causing possible signal phase difference to cause, final sensor is exactly externally both threads cable.
The front end of signal chains realizes that exciting voltage and signal acquisition are switched over by a signal switching circuit, presses
According to gatherer process, the output voltage of boost module is first loaded into many chord sensors, and by coil is excited at the same time many respectively
String wire, the superposed signal of many string wire generations returns to signal switching circuit by holding wire, while dsp controller cuts signal
Change circuit and be switched to instrument amplifier, sensor signal is amplified treatment by instrument amplifier, improve signal to noise ratio and be easy to rear end
Processing of circuit.Signal after amplification is traditionally arranged to be the upper limiting frequency of vibrating string type sensor, such as again by frequency overlapped-resistable filter
4000Hz as frequency overlapped-resistable filter cut-off frequency, for filtering interference and noise outside signal bandwidth.Filtered by amplifying
Signal after ripple carries out sample code and is transferred to dsp controller finally by analog-digital converter.
Dsp controller can realize high-speed hardware Floating-point Computation, beneficial to N values are calculated than larger FFT computings, while taking into account
Power consumption and cost.
During signal transacting inside DSP, if the two or many vibration frequencies of string wire close to or it is identical, then in sieve
, it is necessary to consider the situation on the maximum value-based algorithm of choosing, general signal is by after amplification, amplitude is much larger than background noise, can pass through
It is signal or noise to set noise margin voltage range and carry out judgement, if maximum amplitude is less than the string wire quantity of sensor,
The string wire vibration frequency that so explanation has two and the above is overlapped, but this on our final data without any influence,
Because what we took is many average values of string wire.
Accompanying drawing 2 shows that three frequencies of string wire vibration, can be obvious again by the spectrogram after DSP inside FFT computings
See three frequency values of string wire, this frequency values can be obtained by internal algorithm.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of measurement apparatus of many string vibrating string type sensors based on spectrum calculation, it is characterised in that：It includes trichord vibratory string
Sensor（1）, signal switching circuit（2）, boost module（3）, instrument amplifier（4）, frequency overlapped-resistable filter（5）, analog-to-digital conversion
Device（6）, dsp controller（7）；
Trichord vibrating wire sensor（1）Connection signal switching circuit（2）, signal switching circuit（2）Connection instrument amplifier（4）, instrument
Table amplifier（4）Connection frequency overlapped-resistable filter（5）, frequency overlapped-resistable filter（5）Connection analog-digital converter（6）, analog-digital converter（6）
Connection dsp controller（7）, the dsp controller（7）By boost module（3）With signal switching circuit（2）Connection；
Trichord vibrating wire sensor（1）Three road signals and be unified into the signal switching circuit for being connected to harvester all the way（2）.
2. a kind of measuring method of many string vibrating string type sensors based on spectrum calculation, it is characterised in that：Trichord vibrating wire sensor
（1）Three string wire signals be connected to signal collecting device by sharing a holding wire, and by boost module（3）It is swashed
Shake generation induced signal, then by instrument amplifier（4）Again by frequency overlapped-resistable filter after being amplified（5）It is filtered tune
Reason, finally by analog-digital converter（6）The data signal that sampling is quantified is by dsp controller（7）FFT calculating is carried out, and
Draw many frequency values of string wire.
3. the measuring method of many string vibrating string type sensors based on spectrum calculation according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：
Trichord vibrating wire sensor（1）Three road signals and be unified into the signal switching circuit for being connected to harvester all the way（2）.
4. the measuring method of many string vibrating string type sensors based on spectrum calculation according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：
Dsp controller（7）To analog-digital converter（6）The time domain discrete signal for collecting carries out FFT computings and obtains three in a frequency domain
The frequency values of string wire.
5. the measuring method of many string vibrating string type sensors based on spectrum calculation according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：
Boost module（3）By signal switching circuit（2）To trichord vibrating wire sensor（1）Carry out exciting.
6. the measuring method of many string vibrating string type sensors based on spectrum calculation according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：
Trichord vibrating wire sensor（1）The induced signal of generation is by signal switching circuit（2）It is switched to instrument amplifier（4）.
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| CN201710028385.6A CN106706171A (en) | 2017-01-16 | 2017-01-16 | Frequency spectrum calculation-based measuring device and measuring method for multi-string vibrating string sensor |
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| CN201710028385.6A CN106706171A (en) | 2017-01-16 | 2017-01-16 | Frequency spectrum calculation-based measuring device and measuring method for multi-string vibrating string sensor |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107219033A (en) * | 2017-06-13 | 2017-09-29 | 山东大学 | Assembled anchor dynamometer and application method |
| CN107478182A (en) * | 2017-06-23 | 2017-12-15 | 江西飞尚科技有限公司 | A kind of multi-channel synchronous vibrating wire acquirer |
| CN108225649A (en) * | 2018-01-24 | 2018-06-29 | 雅砻江流域水电开发有限公司 | A kind of anchor dynamometer anchor force Method for Accurate Calculation |
| CN109060197A (en) * | 2018-06-25 | 2018-12-21 | 中国海洋大学 | A kind of separated wireless transmission type vibration wire frequency plate reading with computing function |
| CN111207876A (en) * | 2020-01-13 | 2020-05-29 | 江苏南水科技有限公司 | Intelligent excitation and vibration pickup method for embedded vibrating wire type osmometer |
| CN112584339A (en) * | 2020-12-04 | 2021-03-30 | 贵州乌江水电新能源有限公司 | Solar irradiation data acquisition node |
| CN115900927A (en) * | 2023-02-15 | 2023-04-04 | 江西飞尚科技有限公司 | Frequency division type vibrating wire sensor and frequency measuring device and method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109060197A (en) * | 2018-06-25 | 2018-12-21 | 中国海洋大学 | A kind of separated wireless transmission type vibration wire frequency plate reading with computing function |
| CN111207876A (en) * | 2020-01-13 | 2020-05-29 | 江苏南水科技有限公司 | Intelligent excitation and vibration pickup method for embedded vibrating wire type osmometer |
| CN112584339A (en) * | 2020-12-04 | 2021-03-30 | 贵州乌江水电新能源有限公司 | Solar irradiation data acquisition node |
| CN112584339B (en) * | 2020-12-04 | 2022-07-01 | 贵州乌江水电新能源有限公司 | Solar irradiation data acquisition node |
| CN115900927A (en) * | 2023-02-15 | 2023-04-04 | 江西飞尚科技有限公司 | Frequency division type vibrating wire sensor and frequency measuring device and method thereof |
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