CN106704434A - Main/secondary plate spring assembly for vehicle and manufacturing method and design method thereof - Google Patents
Main/secondary plate spring assembly for vehicle and manufacturing method and design method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN106704434A CN106704434A CN201611231679.0A CN201611231679A CN106704434A CN 106704434 A CN106704434 A CN 106704434A CN 201611231679 A CN201611231679 A CN 201611231679A CN 106704434 A CN106704434 A CN 106704434A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F3/00—Spring units consisting of several springs, e.g. for obtaining a desired spring characteristic
- F16F3/08—Spring units consisting of several springs, e.g. for obtaining a desired spring characteristic with springs made of a material having high internal friction, e.g. rubber
- F16F3/10—Spring units consisting of several springs, e.g. for obtaining a desired spring characteristic with springs made of a material having high internal friction, e.g. rubber combined with springs made of steel or other material having low internal friction
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Abstract
The invention discloses a main/secondary plate spring assembly for a vehicle. The assembly comprises a main spring formed by laminating metal piece springs, and a secondary spring module laminated on the main spring. The assembly is characterized in that the secondary spring module includes an arched secondary spring downwards projected, an upper pressing plate bonded in the middle position of the upper surface of the secondary spring, and an elastic gasket bonded in the middle position of the lower surface of the secondary spring; the secondary spring is a composite material plate spring; and the edge of the upper pressing plate is elastically contacted with the secondary spring. The main/secondary plate spring assembly for the vehicle can satisfy the vehicle lightness requirement, improve the vehicle driving comfort, prolong the service life of a plate spring and improve the use reliability of the plate spring; and the invention further provides a manufacturing method and a design method of the main/secondary plate spring assembly for the vehicle.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of automobile major-minor formula flat spring assembly, belong to auto parts and components field, the invention further relates to
The automobile manufacture method and method for designing of major-minor formula flat spring assembly.
Background technology
Existing spring for motor car, is typically made up of main spring and auxiliary spring closed assembly, and its type includes three kinds, and the first is main spring
Leaf spring is used with auxiliary spring, its weight is big, more automobile energy consumption, and fatigue life, vehicle safety and driving comfort
Degree is not high, and second is that main spring uses composite material plate spring, and auxiliary spring is leaf spring, and its bearing capacity is limited, fully loaded
Or in the case of overload, security performance and driving adaptability are inadequate, the third is that auxiliary spring is composite material plate spring, and main spring is
Leaf spring, can mitigate the gross weight of spring for motor car, reach light-weighted requirement, but existing composite auxiliary spring adds steel
, there is initial stiffness greatly in the flat spring structure of main spring and the increase of rigidity linearly changes in load bearing process so that unloaded or small
The driving comfort of automobile is not high during load, and auxiliary spring serious wear, causes auxiliary spring to ftracture even and disconnects, and has a strong impact on automobile
The service life and reliability of flat spring.
The A of CN 105946489 disclose a kind of spring for motor car assembly with composite major-minor spring, including main spring,
Auxiliary spring, lower metal splint, upper metal splint and U-bolt metal splint, lower metal splint, auxiliary spring, main spring, upper metal splint, U
Type bolt metal clamping plate is fixedly clamped after stacking successively from the bottom to top by two U-bolts, and bolt is distinguished at main spring spring body two ends
Two metal joints are connected with, equal interference fit has rubber bushing in metal joint；Main spring and auxiliary spring are composite panel bullet
Spring.Major-minor spring is all to use composite in this scheme, and auxiliary spring formula is arranged on main spring convex globoidal side, after main spring stand under load effect
Bending transfers load to auxiliary spring, and the reaction force of auxiliary spring provides a continuous variable-stiffness, with the raising of load, flat spring
Rigidity is increasing, and automobile rigidity in unloaded or side crops industry is larger, it is impossible to enough to one good comfort level of offer is driven, together
When do not account between composite material plate spring and leaf spring the problem of CONTACT WITH FRICTION and upper and lower metal splint to composite yet
Major-minor spring wear problem.
The U of CN 204451899 disclose a kind of truck rear spring assembly, including centre bolt, suitable successively
Main spring that sequence is arranged on the centre bolt, intermediate washer and auxiliary spring, the clip of main spring first for being arranged on the main spring two ends
With the clip of main spring second, first grasswort of described main spring one end is arranged on, the second grasswort of the main spring other end is arranged on, is set
Put the auxiliary spring clip at the auxiliary spring two ends.Major-minor spring uses leaf spring in this scheme, plus increased between major-minor spring
Intermediate washer, can reduce the abrasion between major-minor spring, but weight is big, it is impossible to meet the requirement of automotive light weight technology.
The U of CN 205315581 provide a kind of two grades of stiffness steel plate spring structures for leaf spring, and main reed correspondence sets
Have planar contact pair reed, to a screw is had on planar contact pair reed, screw is fastened through planar contact pair reed and with nut, screw and
Nut holds together planar contact pair reed, and the top cover of screw is provided with spherical shape damping rubber block；Under the top cover of screw
And plane auxiliary spring it is unilateral between be additionally provided with metallic framework, metallic framework and screw welding are integrated；Metallic framework is to plane auxiliary spring
The side of piece one extends, and coordinates the side edge bending of planar contact pair reed to have rib.Rubber in this scheme during load-carrying on main spring and auxiliary spring
Glue buffer stopper provides two grades of rigidity, can improve the fatigue life of flat spring, but major-minor spring is leaf spring, and weight is big,
The requirement of automotive light weight technology cannot be met.
On the basis of spring for motor car performance requirement is met, meet the requirement of automotive light weight technology, raising car steering and relax
Appropriateness, the use reliability for extending flat spring service life and improving flat spring are the purposes of present invention research and development.
The content of the invention
The automobile major-minor formula flat spring assembly that the present invention is provided, on the basis of spring for motor car performance requirement is met,
The requirement of automotive light weight technology can be met, car steering comfort level, extension flat spring service life is improved and improved making for flat spring
With reliability, the manufacture method and method for designing for also providing automobile major-minor formula flat spring assembly of the invention.
It is to reach above-mentioned purpose the technical solution adopted by the present invention：
Automobile major-minor formula flat spring assembly, including the metal leaf springs main spring being stacked and the auxiliary spring group being stacked in above main spring
Part, it is characterised in that described auxiliary spring component includes the auxiliary spring of downwardly convex arc-shaped, is bonded in auxiliary spring upper surface interposition
The top board put and the elastomeric pad for being bonded in auxiliary spring lower surface centre position, described auxiliary spring is composite material plate spring,
The top board edge is Elastic Contact with auxiliary spring.
Preferably, described top board is made up of metal platen and resilient rubbber cushion, and the bottom of described metal platen has
There is symmetrical Chamfer Edge, two pieces of resilient rubbber cushion vulcanizations form top board at the Chamfer Edge of metal platen bottom,
Resilient rubbber cushion is contacted with auxiliary spring.
Preferably, wear plate is fixed in the upper surface at described auxiliary spring two ends respectively, the material of described wear plate is PBT,
TPEE or POM, the centre position closed assembly of described main spring lower surface has lower platen.
Preferably, described auxiliary spring is the prepreg that is made of E glass fibres and epoxy resin composite material and passed through
The integrated molding structure that prepreg mould pressing process is made.
Preferably, the machine direction of more than 80% prepreg is set along the length direction of auxiliary spring, the fibre of remaining prepreg
Dimension direction is set along the width of auxiliary spring, and the fiber content in auxiliary spring is 70 ± 5%.
Preferably, the centre of described auxiliary spring is the constant flat segments of thickness, and the both sides of flat segments are from centre to end
The gradually thinning arc section of thickness, flat segments are equal with the width of arc section, and flat segments thickness value and the thickness of arc section
Change curve is calculated by flat spring simulation software, auxiliary spring stress in carrying is uniformly distributed along auxiliary spring length direction.
The above-described automobile manufacture method of major-minor formula flat spring assembly, comprises the following steps：
（One）According to the described automobile bearing requirements of secondary formula flat spring, auxiliary spring is gone out with flat spring Simulation Software Design；
（Two）Auxiliary spring is made with composite；
（Three）Top board and elastomeric pad are glued respectively to auxiliary spring upper surface centre position and auxiliary spring lower surface centre position；
（Four）By auxiliary spring and the upper and lower closed assembly of main spring, automobile major-minor formula leaf spring is formed.
Preferably, described step（Two）Specially：
（21）Prepreg is made with E glass fibres and epoxy resin composite material；
（Two or two）Prepreg is layed in mould in the way of lamination, wherein the machine direction of more than 80% prepreg is along secondary
The length direction of spring is set, and the machine direction of remaining prepreg is set along the width of auxiliary spring, and machine direction is along auxiliary spring
The prepreg that width is set is located at the centre position of lamination and the surface of lamination；
（Two or three）Prepreg lamination is suppressed in mould, auxiliary spring is obtained.
Preferably, described step（Three）It is middle top board and elastomeric pad are bonded on auxiliary spring after, in the end of auxiliary spring
Fixing screw hole is got, is led to fixing screws and wear plate is fixed on high-strength viscose glue the two ends of auxiliary spring.
The above-described automobile method for designing of major-minor formula flat spring assembly, according to automobile major-minor formula main assemblage of spring
Bearing requirements are designed, it is characterised in that：
（One）By designing auxiliary spring（21）Thickness adjust the rigidity and mechanical property of auxiliary spring, and make auxiliary spring（21）Holding
Stress is uniformly distributed along its length during load；
（Two）Meeting auxiliary spring stress in load bearing process and be uniformly distributed along its length and ensure the rigidity and mechanical property of auxiliary spring
On the premise of energy, the position of the variation rigidity flex point of automobile major-minor formula flat spring assembly is adjusted by designing the camber H of auxiliary spring
Put；
（Three）Meeting auxiliary spring stress in load bearing process and be uniformly distributed along its length and ensure the rigidity and mechanical property of auxiliary spring
On the premise of energy, by designing the thickness D in auxiliary spring centre position, so as to adjust two grades of automobile major-minor formula flat spring assembly just
Degree.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
Auxiliary spring uses composite material plate spring, can meet the lightweight requirements of automobile, and auxiliary spring is stacked on main spring, and automobile is carried
During, when automobile zero load or smaller load, main spring is carried, and auxiliary spring is not had an effect, and the rigidity of spring for motor car is smaller, automobile
Driving comfort is higher, and when automobile is fully loaded or overloads, the two ends of auxiliary spring can be withstood in the support block of automobile frame, make Automobile Plate bullet
Spring increases to two grades of stiffness from one-level rigidity, forms the variation rigidity flex point of spring for motor car, lifts the carrying energy of spring for motor car
Power, increases the driving stability and security when automobile is fully loaded with or overloads.
The centre position of auxiliary spring lower surface bonds elastomeric pad, and elastomeric pad can reduce the mill between the major-minor spring of closed assembly position
Damage, and the combination for bonding can also avoid abrasion of the elastomeric pad to auxiliary spring, the centre position of auxiliary spring upper surface bonds presses
Plate, can avoid the friction between auxiliary spring and top board, and top board edge and auxiliary spring are Elastic Contact, are reduced in load bearing process
Platen edge reduces abrasion of the top board edge to auxiliary spring to the stress of auxiliary spring, and the service life of spring for motor car is longer, makes
It is higher with reliability.
The prepreg that auxiliary spring is made of E glass fibres and epoxy resin composite material, and by prepreg mould pressing process
The integrated molding structure being made, it is easy to real mass production, and auxiliary spring can be improved by prepreg die press technology for forming
Fiber content, the rigidity of auxiliary spring and mechanical property is met use requirement.Auxiliary spring by flat spring Simulation Software Design into
Stress equally distributed iso-stress structure along its length in load bearing process, it is to avoid auxiliary spring produces stress concentration in load bearing process.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the automobile major-minor formula flat spring assembly in specific embodiment.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of top board.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of auxiliary spring component.
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of auxiliary spring.
Fig. 5 be specific embodiment in automobile major-minor formula flat spring assembly be arranged on vehicle bridge on vehicle frame on it is spacing
Block is to corresponding structural representation.
Fig. 6 is the automobile major-minor formula flat spring assembly stiffness curve figure in load bearing process in specific embodiment.
Specific embodiment
1 to 6 pair of embodiments of the invention elaborates below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Automobile major-minor formula flat spring assembly, including the main spring 1 that is stacked of metal leaf springs and be stacked in above main spring 1
Auxiliary spring component 2, it is characterised in that described auxiliary spring component 2 includes the auxiliary spring 21 of downwardly convex arc-shaped, is bonded in auxiliary spring 21
The top board 22 in upper surface centre position and the elastomeric pad 23 for being bonded in the lower surface centre position of auxiliary spring 21, described auxiliary spring
21 is composite material plate spring, and the edge of the top board 22 is Elastic Contact with auxiliary spring 21.
Automobile as shown in Figure 1 major-minor formula flat spring assembly, auxiliary spring 21 and main spring closed assembly about 1, auxiliary spring 21 is in downward
Raised arc-shaped is stacked and placed on main spring 1, and in unloaded or side crops industry, main spring 1 is carried, and auxiliary spring 21 is not acted on vacantly, flat spring
Rigidity it is smaller, the comfortableness of driving is higher, and fully loaded or when overloading, auxiliary spring 21 is contacted with the limited block on vehicle frame, makes automobile
Flat spring increases to two grades of stiffness from one-level rigidity, forms the variation rigidity flex point of spring for motor car, lifts holding for spring for motor car
Loading capability, increases the driving stability and security when automobile is fully loaded with or overloads.
Top board 22 is bonded in the centre position of the upper surface of auxiliary spring 21, and the bonding connection between top board 22 and auxiliary spring 21 can
Top board 22 and auxiliary spring 21 in load bearing process are avoided along the relative slip of contact surface, so as to avoid top board 22 to the mill of auxiliary spring 21
Damage, edge and the auxiliary spring 21 of top board 22 are Elastic Contact, and the edge of top board 22 keeps with auxiliary spring 22 in load bearing process makes
Elastic Contact, so as to avoid producing stress concentration to auxiliary spring 21 in the edge of top board 22, reduces the edge of top board 22 to pair
The abrasion of spring 21, extends the service life of auxiliary spring 21.
Wherein, in order to realize the Elastic Contact at the edge of top board 22 and auxiliary spring 21, described top board 22 is by metal platen
22.1 and resilient rubbber cushion 22.2 constitute, the bottom of described metal platen 22.1 has symmetrical Chamfer Edge, two pieces
Resilient rubbber cushion 22.2 vulcanizes at the Chamfer Edge of the bottom of metal platen 22.1 formation top board 22, resilient rubbber cushion 22.2 with
Auxiliary spring 21 is contacted.Metal platen 22.1 is set to be connected with resilient rubbber cushion 22.2 by way of vulcanization, you can to avoid metal platen
Friction between 221.1 and spring-rubber pad 22.2, can realize the Elastic Contact at the edge of top board 22 and auxiliary spring 21 again, reduce secondary
The abrasion of spring 21.
Wherein, wear plate 24 is fixed in the upper surface at the described two ends of auxiliary spring 21 respectively, and the material of described wear plate 24 is
PBT, TPEE or POM, the centre position closed assembly of the described lower surface of main spring 1 have lower platen 3, for protecting main spring 1.When auxiliary spring 21
End be connected with the limited block on vehicle frame by wear plate 24, the abrasion of the end of auxiliary spring 21 can be reduced, while can also reduce pair
The abnormal sound that spring 21 is produced when being contacted with the limited block on vehicle frame.
Wherein, described auxiliary spring 21 is the prepreg that is made of E glass fibres and epoxy resin composite material and passed through
The integrated molding structure that prepreg mould pressing process is made, prepreg is formed by E glass fibres and epoxy resin composite material,
The fiber content in auxiliary spring 21 can be adjusted by adjusting the content of the E glass fibres in prepreg, so as to adjust auxiliary spring 21
Rigidity and mechanical property.
Wherein, the machine direction of more than 80% prepreg is set along the length direction of auxiliary spring 21, the fibre of remaining prepreg
Dimension direction is set along the width of auxiliary spring 21, and the fiber content in auxiliary spring 21 is 70 ± 5%.The machine direction of partial prepreg
The prepreg set along auxiliary spring length direction with machine direction is set along the width of auxiliary spring 21, and both machine directions are into mutual
Vertical 90 degree, can strengthen deflection and the torsional rigidity of auxiliary spring 21, prevent auxiliary spring 21 in load bearing process because being subject to side force
And longitudinal force and be deformed, mould pressing process can further improve the fiber content in auxiliary spring 21, make the fiber content in auxiliary spring
70% or so is reached, the rigidity requirement of auxiliary spring 21 can be fully met.
Wherein, the centre of described auxiliary spring 21 is the constant flat segments 21.1 of thickness, the both sides of flat segments be from centre to
The gradually thinning arc section 21.2 of end thickness, flat segments 21.1 are equal with the width of arc section 21.2, and flat segments 21.1
The thickness profiles of thickness value and arc section 21.1 are calculated by flat spring simulation software, make the stress in carrying of auxiliary spring 21
It is uniformly distributed along the length direction of auxiliary spring 21.Flat segments 21.1 are connected for auxiliary spring 21 with the closed assembly of main spring 1, the thickness of flat segments 21.1
Degree D is determined when auxiliary spring 21 is contacted with the limited block on vehicle frame, and when producing variation rigidity flex point, the rigidity value of variation rigidity flex point is put down
The thickness D of straight section 21.1 is bigger, and the rigidity value of variation rigidity flex point is bigger, according to the bearing requirements of automobile, can be emulated in flat spring
The thickness of flat segments 21.1 is designed in software, the rigidity value of variation rigidity flex point is met automobile bearing requirements.Arc section 21.2
Thickness is gradually decreased from medial ends, and when being in order that auxiliary spring 21 produces flexural deformation, the suffered stress of auxiliary spring 21 is along length
Direction is uniformly distributed, i.e., the tension and compression on each cross section of auxiliary spring 21 are equal, by flat spring simulation software, design
The thickness of flat segments 21.1 and the thickness of arc section 21.2, meet bearing requirements by making auxiliary spring 21, can also make the suffered of auxiliary spring
Stress is uniformly distributed along its length, the permanent transformation rate of auxiliary spring is reduced, so as to extend the service life of auxiliary spring 21.
The installation process of above-described automobile major-minor formula flat spring assembly is：By automobile major-minor formula flat spring assembly
It is assembled in the vehicle bridge of automobile, and automobile major-minor formula flat spring assembly is clamped with the U-bolt on automotive axle, then will be main
Hanger 4 on spring 1 is assemblied on the hanger pin joint of automobile frame, and the limited block on the end on auxiliary spring 21 and vehicle frame is about 5
Alignment, forms position relationship as shown in Figure 5, and when automobile zero load or side crops industry, auxiliary spring 21 is not acted on vacantly, and only main spring 1 holds
Carry, when automobile is fully loaded or overloads, the end of auxiliary spring 21 is withstood on limited block 5, and major-minor spring is carried jointly, increase bearing capacity, it is full
Sufficient bearing requirements.
The above-described automobile manufacture method of major-minor formula flat spring assembly, comprises the following steps：
（One）According to the described automobile bearing requirements of secondary formula flat spring, auxiliary spring 21 is gone out with flat spring Simulation Software Design；
（Two）Auxiliary spring 21 is made with composite；
（Three）Top board 22 and elastomeric pad 23 are glued respectively in the upper surface centre position of auxiliary spring 21 and the lower surface of auxiliary spring 21
Between position；
（Four）By auxiliary spring 21 and main spring closed assembly about 1, automobile major-minor formula leaf spring is formed.
Described step（Two）Specially：
（21）Prepreg is made with E glass fibres and epoxy resin composite material；
In the way of lamination be layed in mould prepreg by (two or two), wherein the machine direction of more than 80% prepreg is along secondary
The length direction of spring 21 is set, and the machine direction of remaining prepreg is set along the width of auxiliary spring 21, and machine direction edge
The prepreg that auxiliary spring width is set is located at the centre position of lamination and the surface of lamination；
(two or three) suppress prepreg lamination in mould, and auxiliary spring is obtained.
Top board 22 and elastomeric pad 23 are bonded on auxiliary spring 21 in described step three after, beaten in the end of auxiliary spring 21
Go out fixing screw hole, lead to fixing screws and wear plate 24 is fixed on high-strength viscose glue the two ends of auxiliary spring 21.
Above-described manufacture method, first according to bearing requirements, auxiliary spring is gone out with flat spring Simulation Software Design, further according to
The size of the auxiliary spring 21 designed, weight and shape composite produce auxiliary spring 21, then by top board 22 and cushion
Piece 23 is bonded on auxiliary spring 21, then by the stacked assembling of auxiliary spring 21 and main spring 1, in order to improve the fiber content of auxiliary spring 21, is increased
The rigidity of big auxiliary spring 21, reduces the permanent set of auxiliary spring 21, and auxiliary spring 21, prepreg are made by prepreg die press technology for forming
It is made of E glass fibres and epoxy resin composite material, on the premise of ensureing that prepreg is molded, E glass in regulation prepreg
The content of glass fiber is the fiber content in adjustable auxiliary spring 21, wherein due to the fiber in monolithic prepreg in one direction
Set, therefore the machine direction of partial prepreg is set along the width of auxiliary spring 21, make setting for fiber in the prepreg of lamination
Put that direction is different, also can adjust the intensity and rigidity of auxiliary spring 21, the machine direction of partial prepreg is along the width side of auxiliary spring 21
To the deflection and torsional rigidity that are provided that to increase auxiliary spring 21, auxiliary spring 21 is effectively reduced in load bearing process because being subject to side
It is deformed to power and longitudinal force.
The above-described automobile method for designing of major-minor formula flat spring assembly, according to automobile major-minor formula main assemblage of spring
Bearing requirements are designed, it is characterised in that：
（One）The rigidity and mechanical property of auxiliary spring are adjusted by designing the thickness of auxiliary spring 21, and was carrying auxiliary spring 21
Stress is uniformly distributed along its length in journey；I.e. when auxiliary spring is made, according to auxiliary spring in the process of use to rigidity and mechanical property
Requirement, by designing the thickness of auxiliary spring so that the auxiliary spring 21 being made reach needed for rigidity requirement and mechanical property requirements,
And by designing the thickness of auxiliary spring 21, the stress in load bearing process of auxiliary spring 21 is uniformly distributed along its length, auxiliary spring 21
Thickness includes the thickness of flat segments 21.1 and the thickness of arc section 21.2, and the design of thickness emulates meter by flat spring simulation software
Draw, the rigidity and mechanical property requirements in load bearing process, and the stress edge in load bearing process are met by making auxiliary spring 21
Length direction is uniformly distributed, i.e., the tension and compression on each cross section of auxiliary spring 21 are equal；
（Two）Meeting the stress in load bearing process of auxiliary spring 21 and be uniformly distributed along its length and ensure the rigidity and mechanics of auxiliary spring
On the premise of performance, the variation rigidity flex point of automobile major-minor formula flat spring assembly is adjusted by designing the camber H of auxiliary spring 21
Position, it can be seen that the value of camber H is bigger from such as Fig. 4, then the end of auxiliary spring 21 is got over the contact of the limited block 5 on vehicle frame
Early, value is smaller, then auxiliary spring 21 asks more late with the contact of the limited block 5 on vehicle frame with end, as shown in figure 5, the S1 in figure is to become firm
Degree flex point, S2 maximum rigidity values, 0 ~ S1 in figure is carried for main spring 1, the hanging one-level stiffness curve not carried when holding of auxiliary spring 21, S1
~ S2 is two grades of stiffness curves when auxiliary spring 21 is carried jointly with main spring 1, when the value of the camber H of auxiliary spring 21 increases, the limit of vehicle frame
The distance between position block 5 and end of auxiliary spring 21 then reduce, i.e., the displacement reduction that vehicle frame need to be pushed, the lateral coordinates value of S1 subtracts
Small, positions of the S1 in stiffness curve can be to moving to left, when the value of the camber H of auxiliary spring 21 is reduced, the limited block 5 and auxiliary spring of vehicle frame
The distance between 21 end then increases, i.e., the displacement increase that vehicle frame need to be pushed, the lateral coordinates value increase of S1, S1 is bent in rigidity
Position in line can move right, therefore according to the bearing requirements of automobile, adjust the camber H of auxiliary spring 21, so that it may adjust variation rigidity and turn
The position of point, when making automobile zero load or side crops industry, variation rigidity flex point is not produced, and stiffness variation is small, and driver comfort is high, in automobile
During fully loaded or overload, variation rigidity flex point is formed, there is provided enough bearing capacitys；
（Three）Meeting the stress in load bearing process of auxiliary spring 21 and be uniformly distributed along its length and ensure the rigidity and mechanics of auxiliary spring
On the premise of performance, by designing the thickness D in the centre position of auxiliary spring 21, so as to adjust the two of automobile major-minor formula flat spring assembly
Level rigidity, as shown in figure 5, the S1 ~ S2 in figure is two grades of stiffness curves when auxiliary spring 21 is carried jointly with main spring 1, auxiliary spring 21
Centre position is stacked with main spring 21, the Contact of limited block 5 on the end of auxiliary spring 21 and vapour frame, in auxiliary spring 21
Between position rigidity plus main spring 1 rigidity, the as rigidity value of variation rigidity flex point is by vehicle frame in the carrying excessively of auxiliary spring 21
Push, the flexural deformation of auxiliary spring 21, auxiliary spring 21 moves closer to main spring 21 from the middle to both ends, such as the thickness in the centre position of auxiliary spring 21
The value of D is bigger, then deformation displacement value of the auxiliary spring 21 under the effect of identical load is smaller, on the contrary such as centre position of auxiliary spring 21
The value of thickness D is smaller, then deformation displacement value of the auxiliary spring 21 under the effect of identical load is bigger, therefore the regulation interposition of auxiliary spring 21
The thickness 21 put can adjust deformation displacement of the auxiliary spring 21 in load bearing process, that is, adjust automobile major-minor formula flat spring assembly
Two grades of rigidity.
The advantage of the invention is that：
1st, auxiliary spring uses composite material plate spring, can meet the lightweight requirements of automobile.
2nd, auxiliary spring is stacked on main spring, and in automobile zero load or side crops industry, auxiliary spring is not carried vacantly, and stiffness variation is small, vapour
Car driving comfort is high.
3rd, auxiliary spring is in downwardly convex arc shape, and when automobile is fully loaded with or overloads, auxiliary spring end connects with the limited block of vehicle frame
Touch, form variation rigidity flex point, make the rigidity of flat spring from one-level rigidity transient rise to two grades of rigidity, bearing capacity is high, automobile
Driving stability and security in fully loaded or overload is more preferable.
4th, lower platen and auxiliary spring are bonded, and reduce the friction between lower platen and auxiliary spring, and resilient rubbber cushion in lower platen with
Auxiliary spring Elastic Contact, it is to avoid lower platen edge produces stress concentration to auxiliary spring, auxiliary spring service life is longer.
5th, auxiliary spring is made using prepreg die press technology for forming, and the fiber content of auxiliary spring is higher, and is easy to batch making.
6th, auxiliary spring and elastomeric pad are bonded, that is, reduce the abrasion between major-minor spring, and auxiliary spring can be avoided again to the mill of elastomeric pad
Damage.
7th, the machine direction for making the prepreg of auxiliary spring is set along auxiliary spring length direction and width, is effectively reduced
Auxiliary spring is in load bearing process because of the deforming for producing by side force and longitudinal force.
8th, auxiliary spring is equally distributed along its length etc. into the stress in load bearing process by flat spring Simulation Software Design
Stress structure, it is to avoid auxiliary spring produces stress concentration in load bearing process, the use reliability of auxiliary spring is higher.
The technical scheme of embodiments of the invention is completely described above in association with accompanying drawing, it is necessary to what is illustrated is described
Embodiment be only a part of embodiment of the invention.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art exist
The every other embodiment obtained on the premise of not making creative work, belongs to the scope of protection of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. automobile major-minor formula flat spring assembly, including the main spring that metal leaf springs are stacked（1）Be stacked in main spring（1）Above
Auxiliary spring component（2）, it is characterised in that described auxiliary spring component（2）Auxiliary spring including downwardly convex arc-shaped（21）, bond
In auxiliary spring（21）The top board in upper surface centre position（22）Be bonded in auxiliary spring（21）The elastomeric pad in lower surface centre position
（23）, described auxiliary spring（21）It is composite material plate spring, the top board（22）Edge and auxiliary spring（21）It is Elastic Contact.
2. automobile according to claim 1 major-minor formula flat spring assembly, it is characterised in that described top board（22）By
Metal platen（22.1）And resilient rubbber cushion（22.2）Composition, described metal platen（22.1）Bottom have it is symmetrical
Chamfer Edge, two pieces of resilient rubbber cushions（22.2）Vulcanization is in metal platen（22.1）Top board is formed at the Chamfer Edge of bottom
（22）, resilient rubbber cushion（22.2）With auxiliary spring（21）Contact.
3. automobile according to claim 1 major-minor formula flat spring assembly, it is characterised in that described auxiliary spring（21）Two ends
Upper surface respectively fix wear plate（24）, described wear plate（24）Material be PBT, TPEE or POM, described main spring
（1）The centre position closed assembly of lower surface has lower platen（3）.
4. automobile according to claim 1 major-minor formula flat spring assembly, it is characterised in that described auxiliary spring（21）To adopt
The prepreg being made of E glass fibres and epoxy resin composite material and the integrated molding being made up of prepreg mould pressing process
Structure.
5. automobile according to claim 4 major-minor formula flat spring assembly, it is characterised in that the fibre of more than 80% prepreg
Dimension direction is along auxiliary spring（21）Length direction set, the machine direction of remaining prepreg is along auxiliary spring（21）Width set
Put, auxiliary spring（21）In fiber content be 70 ± 5%.
6. the major-minor formula flat spring assembly of the automobile according to any one of claim 1 to 5, it is characterised in that described auxiliary spring
（21）Centre be the constant flat segments of thickness（21.1）, the both sides of flat segments are gradually thinning circle from centre to end thickness
Segmental arc（21.2）, flat segments（21.1）With arc section（21.2）Width it is equal, and flat segments（21.1）Thickness value and circular arc
Section（21.1）Thickness profiles calculated by flat spring simulation software, make auxiliary spring（21）Stress is along auxiliary spring in carrying
（21）Length direction is uniformly distributed.
7. the manufacture method of major-minor formula flat spring assembly of the automobile described in claim 1 to any one of claim 6, including with
Lower step：
（One）According to the described automobile bearing requirements of secondary formula flat spring, auxiliary spring is gone out with flat spring Simulation Software Design（21）；
（Two）Auxiliary spring is made with composite（21）；
（Three）By top board（22）And elastomeric pad（23）It is glued respectively to auxiliary spring（21）Upper surface centre position and auxiliary spring（21）
Lower surface centre position；
（Four）By auxiliary spring（21）With main spring（1）Upper and lower closed assembly, forms automobile major-minor formula leaf spring.
8. manufacture method according to claim 7, it is characterised in that described step（Two）Specially：
（21）Prepreg is made with E glass fibres and epoxy resin composite material；
（Two or two）Prepreg is layed in mould in the way of lamination, wherein the machine direction of more than 80% prepreg is along secondary
Spring（21）Length direction set, the machine direction of remaining prepreg is along auxiliary spring（21）Width set, and fiber side
The centre position of lamination and the surface of lamination are located to the prepreg set along auxiliary spring width；
（Two or three）Prepreg lamination is suppressed in mould, auxiliary spring is obtained.
9. manufacture method according to claim 7, it is characterised in that described step（Three）It is middle by top board（22）And bullet
Property pad（23）It is bonded in auxiliary spring（21）After upper, in auxiliary spring（21）End get fixing screw hole, lead to fixing screws and high-strength
Viscose glue is by wear plate（24）It is fixed on auxiliary spring（21）Two ends.
10. the method for designing of major-minor formula flat spring assembly of the automobile described in claim 1 to any one of claim 6, according to
The bearing requirements of automobile major-minor formula main assemblage of spring are designed, it is characterised in that：
（One）By designing auxiliary spring（21）Thickness adjust the rigidity and mechanical property of auxiliary spring, and make auxiliary spring（21）Holding
Stress is uniformly distributed along its length during load；
（Two）Meeting auxiliary spring（21）Stress is uniformly distributed and ensures the rigidity and power of auxiliary spring along its length in load bearing process
On the premise of learning performance, by designing auxiliary spring（21）Camber H turn adjusting the variation rigidity of automobile major-minor formula flat spring assembly
The position of point；
（Three）Meeting auxiliary spring（21）Stress is uniformly distributed and ensures the rigidity and power of auxiliary spring along its length in load bearing process
On the premise of learning performance, by designing auxiliary spring（21）The thickness D in centre position, so as to adjust automobile major-minor formula flat spring assembly
Two grades of rigidity.
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| CN107461439A (en) * | 2017-06-30 | 2017-12-12 | 北汽福田汽车股份有限公司 | Progressive rate leaf spring, plate spring suspension system and vehicle |
| CN107559366A (en) * | 2017-09-14 | 2018-01-09 | 安徽江淮汽车集团股份有限公司 | A kind of FRP composites major-minor spring assembly |
| CN107618330A (en) * | 2017-08-03 | 2018-01-23 | 浙江吉利新能源商用车有限公司 | A kind of composite major-minor spring assembly and suspension |
| CN107654550A (en) * | 2017-10-10 | 2018-02-02 | 安庆安簧汽车零部件有限公司 | A kind of variation rigidity composite material plate spring and its manufacturing process |
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| CN107559366A (en) * | 2017-09-14 | 2018-01-09 | 安徽江淮汽车集团股份有限公司 | A kind of FRP composites major-minor spring assembly |
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| CN106704434B (en) | 2018-11-02 |
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