CN106703950A - 一种独立式scr后处理系统及方法 - Google Patents

一种独立式scr后处理系统及方法 Download PDF

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CN106703950A
CN106703950A CN201710140377.0A CN201710140377A CN106703950A CN 106703950 A CN106703950 A CN 106703950A CN 201710140377 A CN201710140377 A CN 201710140377A CN 106703950 A CN106703950 A CN 106703950A
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urea
aftertreatment system
nitrogen
sensor
scr aftertreatment
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岳广照
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Hebei Suoqi Automotive Electronic Technology Co Ltd
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Hebei Suoqi Automotive Electronic Technology Co Ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
    • F01N3/2066—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
    • F01N3/2066—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
    • F01N3/208—Control of selective catalytic reduction [SCR], e.g. dosing of reducing agent
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
    • F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N9/00—Electrical control of exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2560/00—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics
    • F01N2560/08—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics the means being a pressure sensor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2570/00—Exhaust treating apparatus eliminating, absorbing or adsorbing specific elements or compounds
    • F01N2570/14—Nitrogen oxides
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
    • F01N2610/02—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being ammonia or urea
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2900/00—Details of electrical control or of the monitoring of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F01N2900/06—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing
    • F01N2900/14—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing said parameters being related to the exhaust gas
    • F01N2900/1406—Exhaust gas pressure
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/40—Engine management systems

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)

Abstract

一种独立式SCR后处理系统及方法摘要本发明属于柴油机领域，具体是一种独立式SCR后处理系统及方法，用于控制SCR系统尿素溶液的喷射量，包括尿素喷嘴、上游氮氧传感器、温度传感器、取压管路、压差传感器、控制单元、尿素泵、尿素箱、下游氮氧传感器和催化箱。根据排气温度、压力以及排气管路几何尺寸等参数计算得到排气流量；由氮氧传感器测量催化箱入口和出口的氮氧浓度；根据排气流量及氮氧浓度变化规律组织尿素喷射系统，从而实现尿素的精确喷射。本发明能够在不获取发动机运行工况的条件下，计算出尾气中氮氧化物的质量浓度，从而达到脱离被控对象实现处理氮氧化物的目的。

Description

一种独立式SCR后处理系统及方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种独立式SCR后处理系统及方法，属于柴油机技术领域。
背景技术
SCR系统一般工作原理为DCU电控单元通过CAN总线与发动机ECU通讯，获取当前转速、负荷、发动机冷却水温度等信息，并采集处理催化箱前后温度传感器信号、尿素温度及液位传感器信号、氮氧传感器信号等，然后依照存储的控制策略计算出尿素需求量。
随着国Ⅳ排放法规的全面实施，数千万辆处于国Ⅳ排放以下的在用车需要进行加装SCR后处理系统的改造。加装SCR系统需要获取发动机运行工况的相关信息，这就意味着需要与发动机ECU实现通讯，但有许多车的ECU是无法实现外接进行通讯。在这种情况下，急需要研发出一种可以在柴油机排气管上通过外部匹配即可实现尿素喷射量调节的后处理系统。
发明内容
本发明提出一种独立式SCR后处理系统及方法，能够实现SCR系统尿素喷射量的控制。目的是通过在柴油机排气管上外部匹配，根据催化箱变截面压差值计算出排气流量，进而实现对尿素喷射量控制。
本发明的控制系统包括尿素喷嘴，温度传感器，上游氮氧传感器，取压管路，压差传感器，控制单元，尿素泵，尿素箱，下游氮氧传感器，催化箱。
所述后处理系统及方法既适用于移动源的尾气污染治理，也适用于固定源的尾气污染治理。
控制单元与温度传感器、上游氮氧传感器、下游氮氧传感器、尿素箱和压差传感器之间线束连接，能够实现通讯；控制单元和尿素泵之间线束连接，以实现控制单元对尿素泵的控制；尿素泵与尿素喷嘴和尿素箱之间由尿素管路连接；压差传感器与催化箱之间连有取压管路。
所述取压管路安装位置可以在催化箱进气端，也可在催化箱排气端。
所述温度传感器和上游氮氧传感器安装在催化箱进气端，下游氮氧传感器安装在催化箱排气端。
所述排气密度根据排气温度计算所得。
所述催化箱变截面压差由压差传感器直接测得。
所述氮氧化物质量流量由催化箱变截面压差、排气密度、催化箱不同截面积、氮氧化物体积浓度计算所得。
所述氮氧化物体积浓度根据上游氮氧传感器测量所得。
所述控制单元根据计算所得氮氧化物质量流量计算出尿素喷射量。
所述下游氮氧传感器用于检测排气中氮氧浓度变化，并对尿素喷射量进行修正。
发明具有以下特点：1、不需要开放发动机电控单元。2、作为独立后处理系统而存在，对原机不产生任何影响。3、能够精确获得尾气中氮氧的质量浓度，进而实现尿素喷射量的精确控制。
附图说明
图1是控制系统连接示意图
附图标记说明：
1- 尿素喷嘴
2- 温度传感器
3- 上游氮氧传感器
4、11- 取压管路
5- 压差传感器
6- 控制单元
7- 尿素泵
8- 尿素箱
9- 下游氮氧传感器
10- 催化箱
具体实施例：
如图1所示，一种独立式SCR后处理系统及方法，包括尿素喷嘴，温度传感器，上游氮氧传感器，取压管路，压差传感器，控制单元，尿素泵，尿素箱，下游氮氧传感器，催化箱。
确定取压管路的安装位置，可以在催化箱进气端，也可在催化箱排气端。
先确定压差传感器连接端面积S1和S2；排气密度ρ；催化箱变截面处压差Δp；根据测量结果，由伯努利方程可得出排气管中质量流量为：
其中m为所要计算的排气流量，单位kg/h；为排气密度，单位kg/m3；S1、S2为排气管变截面的两个截面积，单位m2；Δp为催化箱变截面压差，单位Pa。
上游氮氧传感器获得排气中氮氧化物的体积浓度。
根据以下公式计算的废气中氮氧化物的质量流量：
其中表示氮氧化物的质量流量，单位为kg/h；m表示排气质量流量，单位为kg/h；表示氮氧化物的体积浓度，单位为ppm；表示氮氧化物的摩尔质量，取46g/mol；M表示排气的摩尔质量。
控制单元根据氮氧化物的质量流量计算尿素喷射量。
根据下游氮氧传感器检测到的氮氧浓度变化对尿素喷射量进行修正。

Claims (6)

1.一种独立式SCR后处理系统及方法，其特征在于：包括尿素喷嘴（1），温度传感器（2），上游氮氧传感器（3），取压管路（4）（11），压差传感器（5），控制单元（6），尿素泵（7），尿素箱（8），下游氮氧传感器（9），催化箱（10）；所述温度传感器（2）、压差传感器（4）、尿素箱（8）、上游氮氧传感器（3）、下游氮氧传感器（9）与控制单元（6）线束连接可实现通讯；所述控制单元（6）和尿素泵（7）之间线束连接，以实现控制单元（6）对尿素泵（7）的控制；所述尿素泵（7）与尿素喷嘴（1）和尿素箱（8）由尿素管路连接；压差传感器（5）与催化箱（10）之间连有取压管路（4）。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种独立式SCR后处理系统及方法，其特征在于：压差传感器取样管路（4）和（11）的安装位置可以在催化箱进气端变截面处。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种独立式SCR后处理系统及方法，其特征在于：压差传感器取样管路（4）和（11）的安装位置也可以在催化箱排气端变截面处。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种独立式SCR后处理系统及方法，其特征在于：在催化箱进气端加装测温传感器和测量氮氧浓度的传感器，在催化箱的排气端加装测量氮氧浓度的传感器。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种独立式SCR后处理系统及方法，其特征在于：根据排气温度、压力以及排气管路几何尺寸等参数计算得到排气流量；由氮氧传感器测量催化箱入口和出口的氮氧浓度；根据排气流量及氮氧浓度变化规律组织尿素喷射系统，实现尿素的精确喷射，从而达到脱离被控对象实现处理氮氧化物的目的。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种独立式SCR后处理系统及方法，其特征在于：所述系统及方法既适用于移动源的尾气污染治理，也适用于固定源的尾气污染治理。
CN201710140377.0A 2017-03-10 2017-03-10 一种独立式scr后处理系统及方法 Pending CN106703950A (zh)

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Cited By (4)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107023359A (zh) * 2017-06-07 2017-08-08 北京工业大学 一种非电控柴油机的NOx后处理系统
CN108868976A (zh) * 2018-06-19 2018-11-23 北京航空航天大学 一种基于pso的双串联scr系统尿素喷射规律云计算方法
CN109339912A (zh) * 2018-10-22 2019-02-15 北京工业大学 一种适用于大功率柴油机氮氧化物控制的方法及装置
CN112682134A (zh) * 2020-12-25 2021-04-20 潍柴动力股份有限公司 一种后处理系统的驻车再生系统及驻车再生方法

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107023359A (zh) * 2017-06-07 2017-08-08 北京工业大学 一种非电控柴油机的NOx后处理系统
CN108868976A (zh) * 2018-06-19 2018-11-23 北京航空航天大学 一种基于pso的双串联scr系统尿素喷射规律云计算方法
CN109339912A (zh) * 2018-10-22 2019-02-15 北京工业大学 一种适用于大功率柴油机氮氧化物控制的方法及装置
CN109339912B (zh) * 2018-10-22 2020-07-03 北京工业大学 一种适用于大功率柴油机氮氧化物控制的方法及装置
CN112682134A (zh) * 2020-12-25 2021-04-20 潍柴动力股份有限公司 一种后处理系统的驻车再生系统及驻车再生方法
CN112682134B (zh) * 2020-12-25 2022-04-26 潍柴动力股份有限公司 一种后处理系统的驻车再生系统及驻车再生方法

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