CN106703060A - Structure for launching open caisson through airbag method and launching method based on structure - Google Patents
Structure for launching open caisson through airbag method and launching method based on structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN106703060A CN106703060A CN201710116281.0A CN201710116281A CN106703060A CN 106703060 A CN106703060 A CN 106703060A CN 201710116281 A CN201710116281 A CN 201710116281A CN 106703060 A CN106703060 A CN 106703060A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D23/00—Caissons; Construction or placing of caissons
- E02D23/08—Lowering or sinking caissons
- E02D23/10—Caissons filled with compressed air
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Abstract
The invention discloses a structure for launching an open caisson through an airbag method and a launching method based on the structure. According to the structure for launching the open caisson through the airbag method and the launching method based on the structure, a launching ramp is divided into a first section, a second section, a third section and a fourth section in sequence towards the direction close to a water area, wherein the gradient of the first section is 1%-3%, the gradient of the second section is 6.5%-7%, the gradient of the third section is 10%, and the gradient of the fourth section is 15%; and the length ratio of the first section to the second section to the third section to the fourth section satisfies X:1:1:1, wherein the value of X is an any natural number in 5-7. The structure for launching the open caisson through the airbag method and the launching method based on the structure have the advantages that the open caisson can have enough launching power without breaking cables in advance, the safety of launching through the air bag method can be obviously improved, the potential safety hazard can be eliminated, the substantive features are outstanding and the progress is remarkable.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of bridge construction, and in particular to the structure of water and based on the structure under a kind of open caisson air-bag method
Launching method.
Background technology
Waters construction of Open Caisson Foundation, or Bored Pile of Bridge is when using double-wall steel cofferdam construction, is to reduce over-water construction
Insecurity and accelerating construction progress, it is desirable to open caisson water under the processing disposably of bank.Traditional heavy mine water mode is typically adopted
Slideway is set used in bank, using water under slideway.But in this traditional approach, launching ways are fixed slideway, due to
The weight such as open caisson, cofferdam are very big so that suffered pressure is very big on slideway, very strict to site requirements during construction, serious shadow
Construction speed is rung, while bringing insecurity.Regarding to the issue above, occur in that in the prior art and inclined using to waters direction
Ramp, the method for coordinating air bag to make open caisson by deadweight time water.But mostly it is setting two in existing air-bag method launching method
The ramp that section connects, wherein one section relatively flat away from waters, for assembled open caisson, another section is used for more greatly near the waters gradient
Open caisson quickly glides.But the pits rampway structure set by this kind of mode, needs continuous adjustment windlass manually to put in heavy mine water
The speed of cable；Larger section of its gradient is also only 5~6 ° of range of grade simultaneously, in order to ensure entering larger inertia after water, heavy
The well cable that is accomplished by breaking in advance when just having reached on the larger ramp of the gradient makes to slip into water under open caisson, and open caisson needs entirety during gliding
This section of ramp is slipped over, the traction without windlass and guiding, have the risk that the direction of motion occurs deviation in the process, cause
There is relatively large deviation in final immersion angle degree, influence the arrangement in advance of tugboat and walk with design angle, even more so that heavy when serious
Well does not enter water and has slided to shallow water area and cause stranded or open caisson to slide to tugboat region of awaiting orders to cause engineering in design section
The complex situations of accident.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of structure of water under open caisson air-bag method and the launching method based on the structure, with
Solve the problems, such as in the prior art open caisson by the cable that needs to break in advance during water under air-bag method, there is potential safety hazard, realize improving gas
Security under capsule method during water, the purpose removed a hidden danger.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions：
A kind of structure of water under open caisson air-bag method, open caisson includes enclosing and sets the borehole wall to form ring-type and be arranged at the borehole wall
Interior some separations, each separation encloses with the borehole wall and sets to form multiple wellholes, and open caisson bottom sets backing board, the backing board edge
The borehole wall closes the lower port of the wellhole, and air bag is arranged under backing board, and air bag is arranged on ramp, and the low level in ramp closes on water
Domain, it is characterised in that the ramp towards the direction near waters be divided into first paragraph, second segment, the 3rd section, the 4th section,
The gradient of wherein described first paragraph is 1%~3%, and the gradient of second segment is 6.5%~7%, and the 3rd section of the gradient is 10%, the
Four sections of the gradient is 15%；And first paragraph, second segment, the 3rd section, the 4th section of length ratio meet X:1:1:1, wherein X values are
Random natural number in 5~7.
For open caisson in the prior art by the cable that needs to break in advance during water under air-bag method, there is a problem of potential safety hazard, this
The structure and the launching method based on the structure of water under a kind of open caisson air-bag method of invention proposition, open caisson include enclosing setting to form ring-type
The borehole wall and some separations being arranged in the borehole wall, each separation enclose with the borehole wall and set to form multiple wellholes, open caisson bottom
Backing board is set, and the backing board closes the lower port of the wellhole along the borehole wall, air bag is arranged under backing board, and air bag is arranged on slope
On road, the low level in ramp closes on waters, different from existing pits rampway structure, and the ramp in the present invention has been divided into four for being sequentially connected
Segment structure, near waters direction, first paragraph, second segment, the 3rd section, the 4th section, first paragraph are followed successively by from away from waters direction
The length most gradient long is minimum, second segment, the 3rd section, the 4th segment length is equal and the gradient gradually increases, with this so that open caisson by
During being gradually close to waters, component segmentation of its own gravity on the direction of ramp becomes big, so that the final the 4th
Duan Shi, open caisson self gravitation component is larger, using the teaching of the invention it is possible to provide enough downslide power, and the cable that no longer needs to break in advance is true using inertia
Protect it is enough enter hydrodynamic force, so as to eliminate the potential safety hazard that the cable that needs to break in advance in the prior art is brought.Specifically, first paragraph
The gradient be 1%~3%, length between 5 to 7 times of other three sections, therefore first paragraph be as the assembled position of open caisson,
Because its gradient is small, length is long, therefore is easy to carry out large-scale well-sinking assembled and construction, and previous work will not be interfered.
According to trigonometric function curve, when the gradient of first paragraph has been more than 3%, component of the open caisson self gravitation on along ramp direction can be fast
Speed increase, easily overcomes static friction force to enter line slip downwards, causes to need to provide in work progress support member energetically to heavy
Well assembly process is supported, stops to avoid gliding in splicing so that whole construction area equipment is numerous and diverse, while raising
Cost, is unfavorable for cost efficiency.And in the present invention by set first paragraph only have 1%~3% range of grade, from without
Want big force support to be intercepted, used with reducing equipment, reduce numerous and diverse degree at assembled scene.Simultaneously first paragraph length compared with
It is long, in order to be arranged assembly to large-scale well-sinking, a more well-to-do adjustment environment is provided when also being glided for open caisson, so as to
The direction that open caisson is moved is modified in there are enough distances.But inventor has found that the distance is again in research with practice
Increase that can not be unlimited, can otherwise cause the distance of slip long and have a strong impact on the water conservancy project phase under open caisson, especially for
Height of water level is influenceed for larger waters by tidal fluctuations, and open caisson distance of glide is long to cause the uncertainty of downslide time
Increase so that inconvenience accurately properly enters the water time according to tidal fluctuations estimation in advance, and depth of water during into water is even resulted in when serious
There is larger difference with the default depth of water.Therefore the length for optimizing first paragraph in the present invention is 5 to 7 times of other three segment length, from
And while stating beneficial effect in realization, additionally it is possible to ensure that open caisson will not take long-time in first paragraph up-downgoing, from
And ensure the control to the duration, it is ensured that accurately estimate into the water time, so as to judge depth of water situation during into water in advance.Described
Two sections, the 3rd section, the 4th section of equal length so that open caisson glides successively on equidistant each section, while the distance is remote
Less than the length of first paragraph, hence in so that second segment, the 3rd section, the 4th section only there is acceleration effect without on first paragraph
The direction of motion adjusted brings influence with track.Simultaneously its gradient gradually increase, wherein the gradient of second segment be 6.5%~
7%, the 3rd section of the gradient is 10%, and the 4th section of the gradient is 15%., it is evident that compared to the gradient of first paragraph 1%~3%
Scope, since second segment, the gradient is significantly increased, and component of the open caisson self gravitation on the down direction of ramp starts substantially change
Greatly, the falling tendency that open caisson has substantially becomes big, and now open caisson gliding speed can accelerate, with bigger gravitional force.
When open caisson is snapped down to the 3rd section above, the gradient more increases to 10%, component of the open caisson self gravitation on the down direction of ramp
Become big again, on the basis of the kinetic energy that second segment is accumulated, open caisson obtains bigger acceleration again, obtain bigger downslide and become
Gesture, by the 3rd section take also than by second segment when it is shorter.Therefore open caisson can be quickly through the 4th section of slope of the 3rd section of entrance
On road, the 4th section of the gradient is 15%, the movement tendency of open caisson substantially along the direction that water is slipped under ramp, in open caisson
Under huge Action of Gravity Field, open caisson is quickly glided along the 4th section, while open caisson is controlled all the time by back stay, only
The cable releasing speed of back stay need to be improved, now open caisson can both obtain it is larger enter water kinetic energy and inertia, again can be still
Being controlled by back stay will not occur offseting in the direction of motion.The moment disconnected cable again when open caisson is contacted with the water surface.Therefore phase
Compared with the different ramp of the twice gradient is set in the prior art, it is accomplished by shifting to an earlier date when open caisson has just been reached on the larger ramp of the gradient
Disconnected cable makes to slip into water under open caisson, and the traction without windlass and guiding, have the wind that the direction of motion occurs deviation in the process
Danger；Meanwhile, if according to the pits rampway structure of two-part in the prior art after entering section ramp when not shift to an earlier date cable laying and be only
Increase cable releasing speed, acceleration now because open caisson initial velocity is low, in the direction of motion also very little, back segment ramp length is again
It is short, along with windlass wirerope provides reverse pulling force, therefore initial velocity very little when open caisson can be caused to enter water to open caisson again, lead
Cause into water kinetic energy wretched insufficiency, even water cannot be completely entered when serious.Therefore two-part pits rampway structure of the prior art is used
When have to the cable that breaks in advance.Compared to existing mode, the present invention need not break in advance, and still to ensure that open caisson has enough for cable
Enter hydrodynamic force, hence it is evident that security when improve water under air-bag method, potential safety hazard is eliminated, with prominent substantive distinguishing features
It is progressive with significant.
Preferably, the length of the first paragraph be 100m, second segment, the 3rd section, the 4th section of length be 15m.As
Preferred scheme, by four segment length of ramp according to being configured in this programme, provides one more when both being glided for open caisson
Well-to-do adjustment environment, in order to there is enough distances to be modified the direction that open caisson is moved, causes second segment, the 3rd again
Section, the 4th section of suitable length, can be rapidly performed by accelerating again will not be because of accelerating the long moving direction that causes of segment length
Deviation.
Further, the air bag below the backing board is arranged according to spacing 2.3m, while adding immediately below separation
Close setting ballonet.As another inventive point of the application, in the prior art under air-bag method during water, the air bag below backing board
All equidistantly it is arranged, however, inventor has found in practical operation, the ratio that the gravity of separation accounts for open caisson deadweight is big
There are about between 30~40%, therefore separation is the important component of open caisson overall load.Simultaneously because open caisson is total shared by separation
The ratio of volume is smaller, be far from reaching 30% volume accounting, therefore, just the region of separation is born on backing board
Pressure is significantly larger than the pressure that other regions are born on backing board.Therefore according to traditional mode for being uniformly distributed air bag, deposit
In the problem of backing board unbalance stress, the problem will not be revealed when the smooth, duration of constructing is very fast, but once run into work
The journey duration is held off, the duration be relatively expected it is substantially elongated when, backing board will exist in the case of long-term unbalance stress
Bearing capacity deficiency cause impaired rupture equivalent risk, it is serious when in addition cause engineering accident.Therefore it is to overcome above mentioned problem, this hair
It is bright according to spacing 2.3m in backing board arranged beneath air bag, while the upright position encryption to separation sets small also under backing board
Air bag, by encrypting the ballonet for setting, improves the bearing capacity to separation at backing board so that the gravity in open caisson separation region
Can be carried by encrypting the ballonet for setting, the bearing capacity overall to improve backing board, it is to avoid pressure mistake at separation
It is big to cause backing board to be damaged.
Preferably, the ballonet is circumferentially positioned at around the air bag immediately below separation.It is heavy according to difference in the prior art
The size of well, can all set air bag, therefore the air bag immediately below the separation immediately below separation to corresponding backing board bottom
Surrounding is set around ballonet is set with the encryption that this realizes separation present position ballonet, and to improve, backing board is overall to be held
Loading capability, it is to avoid pressure is excessive at separation causes backing board to be damaged.
Preferably, the 4th section of ramp least significant end is 0.2m from the water surface discrepancy in elevation.The 4th section of ramp be it is adjacent with waters most
Low section, the low level of this section is also had the discrepancy in elevation of 0.2m apart from the water surface, be the tidal level surplus for reserving 0.2m, it is to avoid due to engineering
There is mistake with estimated tide level in water surface elevation when what construction reason was caused enters water time Estimate mistake, causes actual lower water
Difference, while unexpected upland water causes water level to be uprushed, causes lower water distance inadequate from the digging water speed that shortens in also avoiding rivers, therefore
This programme reserves the water level surplus of 0.2m such that it is able to overcome above mentioned problem, and being that actual water level is higher than the water level being expected carries
For surplus.
A kind of air-bag method launching method, comprises the following steps：(1) four sections are set gradually from open caisson assembly position to waters
Ramp, towards the direction near waters be divided into first paragraph, second segment, the 3rd section, the 4th section, wherein the first paragraph
The gradient be 1%~3%, the gradient of second segment is 6%~7%, and the 3rd section of the gradient is 10%, and the 4th section of the gradient is
15%；And first paragraph, second segment, the 3rd section, the 4th section of length ratio meet X:1:1:1, wherein X values be in 5~7 it is any from
So count；(2) ramp is modified and is rolled using digging machine, need to detect foundation bearing capacity after the completion of rolling,
It is required that 2 times of bearing capacity not less than air bag operating pressure；(3) the assembled open caisson at the first paragraph of ramp, open caisson has spliced
Two earth anchors are connected by back stay in rear end after；(4) select the high tide level period without precipitation weather to airbag aeration, treat gas
After capsule holds up open caisson completely, discharge back stay, make open caisson successively along the first paragraph of ramp, second segment, the 3rd section, the 4th
Section glides；When wherein open caisson glides on first paragraph, second segment, the 3rd section, the 4th section, back stay respectively with speed V1, V2,
V3, V4 discharge, and V1 ＜ V2 ＜ V3 ＜ V4；Open caisson is always ensured that back stay stress during gliding；(5) open caisson is snapped down to waterside
During line, back stay breaks cable, and open caisson is slipped into water；(6) after open caisson integrally enters water and reaches stabilization draft, it is close to by tugboat
Open caisson is simultaneously fastened；(7) open caisson is dragged to backing board abscission zone by tugboat, the minimum depth=open caisson of backing board abscission zone is eaten
Water depth+backing board shape steel bracket is highly；Depart from, reclaim backing board.
In the method, the four sections of ramps of parameter setting in this programme are first according to, afterwards to ramp profit
It is modified with digging machine and is rolled, makes the smooth no-sundries in ramp, it is to avoid air bag is interfered or even is poked.In the prior art only
Compacting is carried out to ramp and debris have been cleared up, but there is uncertainty all the time in compaction；Open caisson is being slided simultaneously
During lower water, due to the elasticity of air bag, there are the exciting feelings of pressure in the power suffered by the ground of ramp in change procedure
Condition, i.e. pressure are suddenly big or suddenly small, and the service pressure of air bag can be exceeded when pressure is larger.Therefore also needed to ground in this method
Bearing capacity is detected, it is desirable to which bearing capacity is not less than 2 times of air bag operating pressure, to ensure that ground also has during gasbag pressure excitement
There are enough bearing capacitys, it is ensured that ramp ground is solid and reliable during lower water.It is assembled heavy at the first paragraph of ramp
Well, two earth anchors are connected after the completion of open caisson splicing in rear end by back stay, are fixed by earth anchor.Select afterwards without precipitation
Weather constructed, it is to avoid precipitation cause ground it is wet and slippery cause open caisson slide inconvenience control.During heavy mine water, edge successively
First paragraph, second segment, the 3rd section, the 4th section of downslide of ramp, its acceleration becomes big paragraph by paragraph in sliding process, slides speed
, there is deviation to avoid open caisson gliding direction in degree also change paragraph by paragraph, back stay stress is always ensured that during downslide, so as to pass through
Back stay control adjustment open caisson direction, when wherein open caisson glides on first paragraph, second segment, the 3rd section, the 4th section, back stay point
Do not discharged with speed V1, V2, V3, V4, and V1 ＜ V2 ＜ V3 ＜ V4, it is that control open caisson is glided with speed V1 on first paragraph,
Glided on second segment with speed V2, glided on the 3rd section with speed V3, glided on the 4th section with speed V4, it is to avoid freely
While the too fast inconvenience of gliding speed is controlled, it is ensured that the speed on every section all becomes larger, it is ensured that open caisson has foot when entering water
Enough kinetic energy.Afterwards, when open caisson is snapped down to flowage line, back stay breaks cable, and open caisson is slipped into water.It is that open caisson is snapped down to flowage line
When back stay just break cable, compared to tradition the need in advance break cable mode there is more preferable control effect, it is not necessary to break in advance
Cable still ensures that open caisson has and enough enters hydrodynamic force, hence it is evident that security when improve water under air-bag method, eliminate peace
Full hidden danger, with prominent substantive distinguishing features and significant progress.After open caisson integrally enters water and reaches stabilization draft, by
Tugboat is near open caisson and is fastened, and drags open caisson to backing board abscission zone, the minimum water of backing board abscission zone by tugboat afterwards
Depth=open caisson draft+backing board shape steel bracket is highly；Depart from, reclaim backing board.The wherein minimum water of backing board abscission zone
Depth=open caisson draft+backing board shape steel bracket highly, to ensure that base plate smoothly departs from and sinks under water, prevents stranded, just
Reclaimed in salvaging.
Further, before airbag aeration, back stay is made to be in stress.Before after avoiding open caisson from lifting up immediately
Row causes engineering accident.
Preferably, backing board is detachably connected when open caisson glides with open caisson.To avoid air bag during traveling, collet
Plate deforms, and causes to depart from bottom separation；Also allow for simultaneously after open caisson integrally enters water stabilization, without being cut again
Easily backing board is departed from, consequently facilitating the recovery to backing board.
Preferably, hoisting wirerope and cursory is reserved on backing board in advance.It is easy to look for determination backing board using cursory
Position is sunk to the bottom, is easy to the pick-up boat after backing board sinks to riverbed in place, to be easy to crane barge lifting dress after diver's piecemeal cutting under water
Ship.
The present invention compared with prior art, has the following advantages and advantages：
1st, under a kind of open caisson air-bag method water structure, open caisson can both obtain it is larger enter water kinetic energy and inertia, again can
Still being controlled by back stay will not occur offseting in the direction of motion, the slope different compared to the setting twice gradient in the prior art
Road, is accomplished by breaking in advance under cable makes open caisson when open caisson has just been reached on the larger ramp of the gradient and slips into water, does not have in the process
The traction of windlass be oriented to, there is the risk that the direction of motion occurs deviation；Meanwhile, if according to two-part in the prior art
Pits rampway structure and after entering section ramp when not shift to an earlier date cable laying and only be increase cable releasing speed, now due to open caisson initial velocity
Acceleration in the low, direction of motion also very little, back segment ramp length is again short, along with windlass wirerope open caisson is provided again it is reverse
Pulling force, therefore initial velocity very little when open caisson can be caused to enter water, cause into water kinetic energy wretched insufficiency, even cannot be complete when serious
Enter water entirely.Therefore the cable that breaks in advance is had to when two-part pits rampway structure of the prior art is used.Compared to existing mode, this hair
The bright cable that need not break in advance still ensures that open caisson has and enough enters hydrodynamic force, hence it is evident that improve peace during water under air-bag method
Quan Xing, potential safety hazard is eliminated, with prominent substantive distinguishing features and significant progressive.
2nd, under a kind of open caisson air-bag method water structure, by set first paragraph only have 1%~3% range of grade, from
Intercepted without big force support, used with reducing equipment, reduced numerous and diverse degree at assembled scene.
3rd, under a kind of open caisson air-bag method water structure, according to traditional mode for being uniformly distributed air bag, there is backing board and receive
The uneven problem of power, the problem construction smoothly, the duration it is very fast when will not reveal, but once running into the duration of a project is dragged
Prolong, the duration relatively be expected substantially it is elongated when, will there is bearing capacity not in the case of long-term unbalance stress in backing board
Foot cause impaired rupture equivalent risk, it is serious when in addition cause engineering accident.Therefore the present invention according to spacing 2.3m under backing board
Side arranges air bag, while the upright position encryption to separation sets ballonet also under backing board, by encrypting the stingy of setting
Capsule, improves the bearing capacity to separation at backing board so that the gravity in open caisson separation region can be by encrypting the stingy of setting
Capsule is carried, the bearing capacity overall to improve backing board, it is to avoid pressure is excessive at separation causes backing board to be damaged.
4th, a kind of air-bag method launching method, is always ensured that back stay stress during downslide, so that by back stay control
Adjustment open caisson direction, compared to tradition the need for the break in advance mode of cable there is more preferable control effect, it is not necessary to break cable in advance
Still ensure that open caisson has and enough enter hydrodynamic force, hence it is evident that security when improve water under air-bag method, eliminate safety
Hidden danger.
Brief description of the drawings
Accompanying drawing described herein is used for providing further understanding the embodiment of the present invention, constitutes of the application
Point, do not constitute the restriction to the embodiment of the present invention.In the accompanying drawings：
Fig. 1 is the structural representation in ramp in the specific embodiment of the invention 1；
Fig. 2 is backing board lower section air bag distribution schematic diagram in the specific embodiment of the invention 1.
Mark and corresponding parts title in accompanying drawing：
1- first paragraphs, 2- second segments, the 3rd section of 3-, the 4th section of 4-, 5- backing boards, 6- air bags, 7- ballonets, 8- separations are just
Lower section.
Specific embodiment
To make the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention become more apparent, with reference to embodiment and accompanying drawing, to this
Invention is described in further detail, and exemplary embodiment of the invention and its explanation are only used for explaining the present invention, do not make
It is limitation of the invention.
Embodiment 1：
The structure and its launching method of water under a kind of open caisson air-bag method as shown in Figures 1 and 2, open caisson include enclosing setting to be formed
The borehole wall of ring-type and some separations being arranged in the borehole wall, each separation enclose to set to form multiple wellholes with the borehole wall, sink
Bottom sets backing board 5, and the backing board 5 closes the lower port of the wellhole, 5 times arrangement air bags 6 of backing board, gas along the borehole wall
Capsule 6 is arranged on ramp, and the low level in ramp closes on waters, the ramp towards the direction near waters be divided into first paragraph 1,
Second segment 2, the 3rd section 3, the 4th section 4, the wherein gradient of first paragraph 1 is 1%, and the gradient of second segment 2 is 6.67%, the 3rd section 3
The gradient be 10%, the 4th section 4 of the gradient is 15%；The length of the first paragraph 1 is 100m, second segment 2, the 3rd section the 3, the 4th
The length of section 4 is 15m.The air bag 6 of the lower section of the backing board 5 is arranged according to spacing 2.3m, while 8 immediately below separation
Encryption sets ballonet 7.The ballonet 7 is circumferentially positioned at immediately below separation around 8 air bag.4 least significant ends of the 4th section of ramp
It is 0.2m from the water surface discrepancy in elevation.In the present embodiment after ramp is provided with according to above-mentioned parameter, to ramp using digging
Machine is modified and rolls, and needs to detect foundation bearing capacity after the completion of rolling, it is desirable to which bearing capacity works not less than air bag 6
2 times of pressure；The assembled open caisson at the first paragraph 1 of ramp, two 150t earth anchors are passed through after the completion of open caisson splicing in rear end
Drawn；High tide level period of the selection without precipitation weather inflates to air bag 6, after air bag 6 holds up open caisson completely, discharges post-tensioning
Cable, makes open caisson successively along the first paragraph 1 of ramp, second segment 2, the 3rd section 3, the 4th section of 4 downslide；Wherein open caisson is first
Section 1, second segment 2, the 3rd section 3, when gliding on the 4th section 4, back stay is discharged with speed V1, V2, V3, V4 respectively, and V1 ＜ V2
＜ V3 ＜ V4；Open caisson is always ensured that back stay stress during gliding；When open caisson is snapped down to flowage line, back stay breaks cable, sinks
Well is slipped into water；After open caisson integrally enters water and reaches stabilization draft, by tugboat is near open caisson and is fastened；By tugboat
Drag open caisson to the abscission zone of backing board 5, the minimum depth=open caisson draft+shape steel bracket of backing board 5 of the abscission zone of backing board 5
Highly；Depart from, reclaim backing board 5.Additionally, before airbag aeration, making back stay be in stress.Simultaneously in advance in collet
Hoisting wirerope and cursory is reserved on plate 5.
In scheme proposed by the invention, open caisson can both obtain it is larger enter water kinetic energy and inertia, can still receive again
Back stay controls the skew that will not occur in the direction of motion, the ramp different compared to the setting twice gradient in the prior art,
The open caisson cable that is accomplished by breaking in advance when just having reached on the larger ramp of the gradient makes to slip into water under open caisson, in the process without windlass
Traction be oriented to, exist the direction of motion occur deviation risk；Meanwhile, if being tied according to the ramp of two-part in the prior art
Structure and after entering section ramp when do not shift to an earlier date cable laying and be only increase cable releasing speed, now because open caisson initial velocity is low, motion
Acceleration on direction also very little, back segment ramp length is again short, has provided pulling force reverse to open caisson again along with windlass wirerope,
Initial velocity very little when therefore open caisson can be caused to enter water, causes into water kinetic energy wretched insufficiency, and even water cannot be completely entered when serious.
Therefore the cable that breaks in advance is had to when two-part pits rampway structure of the prior art is used.Compared to existing mode, the present invention is not required to
The cable that to break in advance still ensures that open caisson has and enough enters hydrodynamic force, hence it is evident that security when improve water under air-bag method,
Potential safety hazard is eliminated, with prominent substantive distinguishing features and significant progress.Only have 1% by setting first paragraph 1 simultaneously
~3% range of grade, is intercepted without big force support, is used with reducing equipment, reduces the numerous of assembled scene
Miscellaneous degree.Additionally, according to traditional mode for being uniformly distributed air bag, there is the unbalance stress of backing board 5, the problem is being applied
Will not be revealed when work is smooth, the duration is very fast, but once run into the duration of a project be held off, the duration be relatively expected it is substantially elongated etc.
During situation, backing board 5 in the case of long-term unbalance stress, will exist bearing capacity deficiency cause impaired rupture equivalent risk,
Even engineering accident is caused when serious.Therefore the present invention according to spacing 2.3m in the arranged beneath air bag 6 of backing board 5, while also existing
5 times upright position encryptions to separation of backing board set ballonet 7, by encrypting the ballonet 7 for setting, improve at backing board 5
To the bearing capacity of separation so that the gravity in open caisson separation region can be carried by encrypting the ballonet 7 for setting, to carry
The bearing capacity of the entirety of backing board high 5, it is to avoid pressure is excessive at separation causes backing board 5 to be damaged.
Comparative example：
On the basis of embodiment 1, other specification is constant, and the first paragraph 1 in ramp is directly connected into according to existing mode
Four section 4, be to cancel second segment 2 and the 3rd section 3, is that ramp is set into the leading portion that the gradient is 1%, length 130m, with slope
The degree 15%, back segment of length 15m.Open caisson is set to glide according to existing mode on this basis, rear end top to be slided to makes disconnected cable, makes
Open caisson is freely snapped down in water, and in the case of coefficient of friction is considered as identical, being computed momentary rate when open caisson enters water is only
Enter the 0.67 of water speed rate in embodiment 1, therefore ramp is set according to existing mode, it is considerably lower to enter water kinetic energy, while also inconvenience
In the direction of motion of control final stage.
Above-described specific embodiment, has been carried out further to the purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect
Describe in detail, should be understood that and the foregoing is only specific embodiment of the invention, be not intended to limit the present invention
Protection domain, all any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements within the spirit and principles in the present invention, done etc. all should include
Within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. under a kind of open caisson air-bag method water structure, open caisson includes enclosing and setting the borehole wall to form ring-type and be arranged in the borehole wall
Some separations, each separation encloses with the borehole wall and sets to form multiple wellholes, and open caisson bottom sets backing board, and the backing board is along well
Wall closes the lower port of the wellhole, and air bag is arranged under backing board, and air bag is arranged on ramp, and the low level in ramp closes on waters,
Characterized in that, the ramp towards the direction near waters be divided into first paragraph, second segment, the 3rd section, the 4th section, wherein
The gradient of the first paragraph is 1%~3%, and the gradient of second segment is 6.5%~7%, and the 3rd section of the gradient is 10%, the 4th section
The gradient be 15%；And first paragraph, second segment, the 3rd section, the 4th section of length ratio meet X:1:1:1, wherein X values are 5~7
Middle random natural number.
2. under a kind of open caisson air-bag method according to claim 1 water structure, it is characterised in that the length of the first paragraph
Be 100m, second segment, the 3rd section, the 4th section of length be 15m.
3. under a kind of open caisson air-bag method according to claim 1 water structure, it is characterised in that below the backing board
Air bag is arranged according to spacing 2.3m, while encrypted immediately below separation setting ballonet.
4. under a kind of open caisson air-bag method according to claim 3 water structure, it is characterised in that the ballonet is around setting
Put around the air bag immediately below separation.
5. under a kind of open caisson air-bag method according to claim 1 water structure, it is characterised in that the 4th section of ramp least significant end
It is 0.2m from the water surface discrepancy in elevation.
6. the air-bag method launching method of any one of Claims 1 to 5 structure is based on, it is characterised in that comprised the following steps：
(1) four sections of ramps are set gradually from open caisson assembly position to waters, is divided into towards the direction near waters
First paragraph, second segment, the 3rd section, the 4th section, wherein the gradient of the first paragraph is 1%~3%, the gradient of second segment is 6%
~7%, the 3rd section of the gradient is 10%, and the 4th section of the gradient is 15%；And first paragraph, second segment, the 3rd section, the 4th section of length
Degree ratio meets X:1:1:1, wherein X values are random natural number in 5~7；
(2) ramp is modified and is rolled using digging machine, need to detect foundation bearing capacity after the completion of rolling,
Bearing capacity is sought not less than 2 times of air bag operating pressure；
(3) the assembled open caisson at the first paragraph of ramp, two ground are connected after the completion of open caisson splicing in rear end by back stay
Anchor；
(4) select the high tide level period without precipitation weather to airbag aeration, after air bag holds up open caisson completely, discharge back stay,
Make open caisson successively along the first paragraph of ramp, second segment, the 3rd section, the 4th section of downslide；Wherein open caisson is in first paragraph, second
Section, the 3rd section, the 4th section it is upper when gliding, back stay is discharged with speed V1, V2, V3, V4 respectively, and V1 ＜ V2 ＜ V3 ＜ V4；It is heavy
Underground is always ensured that back stay stress during sliding；
(5) when open caisson is snapped down to flowage line, back stay breaks cable, and open caisson is slipped into water；
(6) after open caisson integrally enters water and reaches stabilization draft, by tugboat is near open caisson and is fastened；
(7) open caisson to backing board abscission zone, the minimum depth=open caisson draft+collet of backing board abscission zone is dragged by tugboat
Template steel bracket is highly；Depart from, reclaim backing board.
7. air-bag method launching method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that before airbag aeration, located back stay
In stress.
8. air-bag method launching method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that backing board can with open caisson when open caisson glides
Dismounting connection.
9. air-bag method launching method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that reserve lifting steel wire on backing board in advance
Restrict and cursory.
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| CN110939145A (en) * | 2019-11-12 | 2020-03-31 | 中国铁建大桥工程局集团有限公司 | Launching method of double-wall steel suspension box cofferdam under condition of tidal alternating current in typhoon area |
| CN111021360A (en) * | 2019-11-12 | 2020-04-17 | 中国铁建大桥工程局集团有限公司 | Method for salvaging massive bottom supporting plate integrally in river in blocking mode |
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| CN106703060B (en) | 2018-09-11 |
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