CN106702177A - Technology of direct reduction of nickel-iron particles from laterite-nickel ores in rotary kiln - Google Patents
Technology of direct reduction of nickel-iron particles from laterite-nickel ores in rotary kiln Download PDFInfo
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- CN106702177A CN106702177A CN201710048798.0A CN201710048798A CN106702177A CN 106702177 A CN106702177 A CN 106702177A CN 201710048798 A CN201710048798 A CN 201710048798A CN 106702177 A CN106702177 A CN 106702177A
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- rotary kiln
- section
- temperature
- nickel
- kilneye
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B23/00—Obtaining nickel or cobalt
- C22B23/02—Obtaining nickel or cobalt by dry processes
- C22B23/023—Obtaining nickel or cobalt by dry processes with formation of ferro-nickel or ferro-cobalt
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/02—Roasting processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/14—Agglomerating; Briquetting; Binding; Granulating
- C22B1/24—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating
- C22B1/242—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating with binders
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B23/00—Obtaining nickel or cobalt
- C22B23/02—Obtaining nickel or cobalt by dry processes
- C22B23/021—Obtaining nickel or cobalt by dry processes by reduction in solid state, e.g. by segregation processes
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a technology of direct reduction of nickel-iron particles from laterite-nickel ores in a rotary kiln, comprising the steps of mixing the laterite-nickel ores, carbon reductant and limestone, then briquetting the mixtures into mixed pellets on a briquetting machine; sintering the mixed pellets through a preheating section and removing crystal water in the rotary kiln, reducing nickel elements at a transition section, and then entering into a sintering section to reduce iron elements and the nickel elements and metal particles grow up. Wherein, the temperature of the sintering section near the transition section is controlled within such scope that the materials are kept in solid state, and the kiln ringing can be prevented while keeping the metal reduction temperature; the temperature of the sintering section located at a kilneye is controlled within such scope that the materials are kept in half-molten state. Since the kilneye of the rotary kiln is in a throat structure, heat is uneasy to dissipate, in favor of reduction and enrichment of metal; even sometimes minor ringing occurs, the previous ringing can also be easily removed under the rolling effect of subsequent materials, so that the technology disclosed by the invention plays a foundation for continuous production of direct reduction, and the reduction efficiency of the rotary kiln is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to metallurgical technology technical field, more particularly to a kind of direct reduction of laterite nickel mine with rotary kiln ferronickel particle
Technique.
Background technology
Used as a kind of strategic element, nickel has extremely important status in the national economic development.The nickel in the whole world about 2/3 is used
In production stainless steel, the cost of nickel raw material accounts for 70% or so of austenitic stainless steel production cost.In recent years, it is reduction stainless steel
Production cost, stainless steel enterprises start largely to use nickel-contained pig iron.
Current nickel-contained pig iron is smelted by raw material of nickeliferous 0.8~2.0% lateritic nickel ore, the smelting of lateritic nickel ore
Technique is including blast furnace, RKEF techniques and rotary kiln for directly reducing method etc..Wherein rotary kiln for directly reducing method is one kind with continuous
The rotary kiln of rotation makees reactor, and reducing agent is made with solid carbon, iron ore is smelt the direct of iron by solid phase reduction reaction and is gone back
Former continuous casting steel machine | iron smelting method.Lateritic nickel ore at a temperature of 1000~1100 DEG C by direct-reduction be capable of achieving nickel, iron also
Original, but the dilval particle that obtains of low-temperature reduction is tiny and can not migrate aggregation granulating, the slag iron point in reduction-assorting room
From difficulty, cause tailings nickel content high, metal yield is relatively low, only 30~40%.
To lift the metal yield of rotary kiln for directly reducing method, directly also technique is generally controlled in rotary kiln also modern rotary kiln
Former section reduction temperature is 1300~1400 DEG C, and material is in half molten state in the temperature range, fully assembles beneficial to ferronickel particle
Grow up and be beneficial to follow-up mill and be elected to be industry, metal yield is up to 80% or so.But resistance to material requirement of the hot conditions to rotary kiln
Height, shortens fire resisting life-span of kiln liner, and kiln temperature is whard to control, operational poor, the fluctuation of exhausting condition in production
Causing temperature to raise makes material melted by heat, and traditional kilneye bore is larger, and fusing molten iron is acted in the chilling of kilneye cold air
Lower solidification, over time, molten steel solidification is more and more thicker, and ring formation is caused in kilneye, material is normally conveyed, finally
Cause to stop kiln.How formation rings in a kiln is prevented while metal yield is ensured, as straight also method reduced nickel iron particle technique urgently
The technical problem of solution.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of efficient, stabilization direct reduction of laterite nickel mine with rotary kiln ferronickel particle work
Skill.
Realizing the technical scheme of the object of the invention is：A kind of technique of direct reduction of laterite nickel mine with rotary kiln ferronickel particle,
It is comprised the following steps：
1）Dispensing pelletizing：The lateritic nickel ore dried and after break process is mixed with carbonaceous reducing agent, lime stone and binding agent
Afterwards, it is made mixing pelletizing in ball press upper pressing ball；
2）Reduction roasting：To be calcined in mixing pelletizing feeding rotary kiln, preheating will be provided with from kiln tail to kilneye in the rotary kiln
Section, changeover portion and three sections of section is burnt till, the kilneye is throat structure, and the length of necking is 5~6m, preheating section temperature in rotary kiln
It is 400~650 DEG C to spend, and changeover portion temperature is 650~1100 DEG C, burns till a section temperature and is not less than 1000 DEG C；Wherein, positioned at kilneye
The temperature control for burning till section makes material keep in the range of semi-molten state, and the temperature control for burning till section near changeover portion makes
Material is kept in the range of solid-state；
3）Water quenching；
4）Ore dressing.
Preferably, the step 1）Binding agent is added with obtained mixing pelletizing, to improve the intensity of pelletizing.
Preferably, described 1）Middle selection lateritic nickel ore, carbonaceous reducing agent, lime stone and consumption of binder ratio are（82~
88）:（12~13）:（0~4）:（0~1.5）；The step 2）In burn till section temperature for 1050~1330 DEG C, wherein, be close to
The temperature for burning till section of section is crossed for 1050~1250 DEG C, section temperature is burnt till for 1150~1330 DEG C positioned at kilneye.By reasonable
Dispensing can reduce the fusing point of mixing pelletizing, thus burn till section section relatively low reduction temperature may be selected, the resistance to material of rotary kiln is corroded
It is lighter.
Preferably, described 1）Middle selection lateritic nickel ore, carbonaceous reducing agent, lime stone and consumption of binder ratio are（82~
84.2）:（12~12.5）:（3~4）:（1~1.5）, the step 2）In burn till section temperature for 1050~1250 DEG C, wherein, lean on
The temperature for burning till section of nearly changeover portion is 1100~1200 DEG C, and section temperature is burnt till for 1150~1250 DEG C positioned at kilneye.The number
The reduction temperature that section is burnt till in the range of value is minimum, extends fire resisting kiln lining service life.
Preferably, the length for burning till section is 25~30m, and segment length is burnt till by elongating, and makes mixing pelletizing in burning till
Section fully burning, lifts reduction efficiency.
Preferably, the carbonaceous reducing agent is any one in coke powder, anthracite or semi-coke.
Mix pelletizing in reduction roasting step of the present invention carries out material sintering and the crystallization water for preheated section in rotary kiln
Removal, enters after changeover portion occurs the reduction of nickel element and burns till section generation ferro element, the reduction of nickel element and metallic particles
Grow up.Wherein, the temperature control for burning till section near changeover portion makes material keep in the range of solid-state, is ensureing metal reduction
While temperature, play a part of to prevent formation rings in a kiln, the temperature control for burning till section positioned at kilneye makes material keep fritting
Melt in the range of state, due to rotary kiln kilneye be throat structure, heat do not allow it is easy to lose, and material necking section there are two sections to climb
Slope, gait of march substantially slows down, and is conducive to the reduction and enrichment of metal, even if there is a small amount of ring formation when indivedual, below
Under the rolling effect of material, ring formation above is also easily removed, and is that straight continuous production also is laid a good foundation, and improves rotary kiln
Reduction efficiency.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is rotary structure schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the mplifying structure schematic diagram of kilneye in Fig. 1.
Specific embodiment
Present pre-ferred embodiments are described in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Embodiment 1
A kind of technique of direct reduction of laterite nickel mine with rotary kiln ferronickel particle, it is comprised the following steps：
1）Dispensing pelletizing：The lateritic nickel ore dried and after break process is mixed with carbonaceous reducing agent, lime stone and binding agent
Afterwards, mixing pelletizing, the lateritic nickel ore, carbonaceous reducing agent, lime stone and consumption of binder ratio are made in ball press upper pressing ball
It is 84.5:13:2:0.5；
2）Reduction roasting：To be calcined in mixing pelletizing feeding rotary kiln, as depicted in figs. 1 and 2, from kiln tail 1 in the rotary kiln
Kilneye 2 is provided with preheating section 10, changeover portion 20 and 30 3 sections of section is burnt till, the kilneye 2 of the rotary kiln is throat structure, contracting
The length of mouth section is 5m, and preheating section temperature is 400~650 DEG C in rotary kiln, and changeover portion temperature is 650~1130 DEG C, burns till section
Temperature is 1130~1280 DEG C, wherein, the temperature for burning till section near changeover portion is 1130~1230 DEG C, positioned at burning till for kilneye
Duan Wendu is 1230~1280 DEG C；
3）Water quenching；
4）Ore dressing.
Embodiment 2-7
Embodiment 2-7 takes step same as Example 1, and difference is step 1）In it is raw materials used mix pelletizing in account for
Than, and each phase temperature is different in reducing roasting process, specific data are as shown in table 1：
Table 1
Water quenching of the present invention and beneficiation steps are prior art, and the binding agent is commercially available prod, and its composition is not made herein
Repeat；The carbonaceous reducing agent is any one in coke powder, anthracite or semi-coke；As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, of the present invention time
Rotary kiln includes kiln tail 1 and kilneye 2, and the kilneye 2 is throat structure, wherein, the length of necking is 5m in embodiment 1, before necking
The diameter D at end 21 is 3.44m, and the diameter H of necking rear end 22 is 4.85m；The length for burning till section is 30m, in actual production
It is 5~6m that can need to set necking length according to production, and the length that section is burnt till in setting is 25~30m.
It is as shown in table 2 through ferronickel metal recovery rate in product obtained by the embodiment of the present invention 1~7.
Table 2
From table 2, direct reduction process for rotary kiln its ferronickel metal average recovery rate after improvement reaches 82%, with high temperature half
Directly also technique is suitable and higher than low-temperature reduction in traditional rotary kiln for melting.Due to that will be leaned in rotary kiln reducing roasting process of the present invention
The temperature control for burning till section of nearly changeover portion makes material keep in the range of solid-state, while metal reduction temperature is ensured,
Play a part of to prevent formation rings in a kiln, the temperature control for burning till section positioned at kilneye makes material keep semi-vitreous scope
Interior, because the kilneye of rotary kiln is throat structure, heat is not allowed easy to lose, and material has two sections of climbings in necking section, advances fast
Degree substantially slows down, and is conducive to the reduction and enrichment of metal, even if there is a small amount of ring formation when indivedual, the rolling of material below
Under effect, ring formation above is also easily removed, and is that straight continuous production also is laid a good foundation, and improves the reduction efficiency of rotary kiln；
Due to having selected preferably lateritic nickel ore, carbonaceous reducing agent, lime stone and binding agent to match in embodiment, mixing pelletizing is reduced
Fusing point, thus burn till section section relatively low reduction temperature may be selected, relatively light is corroded to the resistance to material of rotary kiln, extending fire resisting kiln lining makes
Use the life-span.
Embodiments of the invention are the foregoing is only, the scope of the claims of the invention is not thereby limited, it is every to utilize this hair
The equivalent flow conversion that bright description is made, or other related technical fields are directly or indirectly used in, similarly wrap
Include in scope of patent protection of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of technique of direct reduction of laterite nickel mine with rotary kiln ferronickel particle, it is characterised in that：It is comprised the following steps：
1）Dispensing pelletizing：After the lateritic nickel ore dried and after break process is mixed with carbonaceous reducing agent, lime stone, in ball press
Upper pressing ball is made mixing pelletizing；
2）Reduction roasting：To be calcined in mixing pelletizing feeding rotary kiln, preheating will be provided with from kiln tail to kilneye in the rotary kiln
Section, changeover portion and three sections of section is burnt till, the kilneye is throat structure, and the length of necking is 5~6m, preheating section temperature in rotary kiln
It is 400~650 DEG C to spend, and changeover portion temperature is 650~1100 DEG C, burns till a section temperature and is not less than 1000 DEG C；Wherein, positioned at kilneye
The temperature control for burning till section makes material keep in the range of semi-molten state, and the temperature control for burning till section near changeover portion makes
Material is kept in the range of solid-state；
3）Water quenching；
4）Ore dressing.
2. the technique of direct reduction of laterite nickel mine with rotary kiln ferronickel particle according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described
Step 1）Binding agent is added with obtained mixing pelletizing.
3. the technique of direct reduction of laterite nickel mine with rotary kiln ferronickel particle according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：It is described
1）Middle selection lateritic nickel ore, carbonaceous reducing agent, lime stone and consumption of binder ratio are（82~88）:（12~13）:（0~4）:
（0~1.5）；The step 2）In burn till section temperature for 1050~1330 DEG C, wherein, the temperature for burning till section near changeover portion is
1050~1250 DEG C, section temperature is burnt till for 1150~1330 DEG C positioned at kilneye.
4. the technique of direct reduction of laterite nickel mine with rotary kiln ferronickel particle according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：It is described
1）Middle selection lateritic nickel ore, carbonaceous reducing agent, lime stone and consumption of binder ratio are（82~84.2）:（12~12.5）:（3
~4）:（1~1.5）, the step 2）In burn till section temperature for 1050~1250 DEG C, wherein, near the section of burning till of changeover portion
Temperature is 1100~1200 DEG C, and section temperature is burnt till for 1150~1250 DEG C positioned at kilneye.
5. the technique of direct reduction of laterite nickel mine with rotary kiln ferronickel particle according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：It is described
The length for burning till section is 25~30m.
6. the technique of direct reduction of laterite nickel mine with rotary kiln ferronickel particle according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：It is described
Carbonaceous reducing agent is any one in coke powder, anthracite or semi-coke.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710048798.0A CN106702177B (en) | 2017-01-23 | 2017-01-23 | The technique of direct reduction of laterite nickel mine with rotary kiln ferronickel particle |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710048798.0A CN106702177B (en) | 2017-01-23 | 2017-01-23 | The technique of direct reduction of laterite nickel mine with rotary kiln ferronickel particle |
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| CN106702177B CN106702177B (en) | 2019-08-13 |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107287415A (en) * | 2017-06-20 | 2017-10-24 | 中南大学 | Strengthen compound additive of lateritic nickel ore briquetting and its preparation method and application |
| CN108251659A (en) * | 2018-01-16 | 2018-07-06 | 中南大学 | A kind of method strengthened lateritic nickel ore direct-reduction technique and prepare ferronickel |
| CN109022665A (en) * | 2018-08-21 | 2018-12-18 | 宝钢德盛不锈钢有限公司 | Wrap application of the low nickel chromium triangle residual iron in bottom in straight carbon steel smelting process |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3746533A (en) * | 1972-03-22 | 1973-07-17 | L Moussoulos | Process of producing ferro-nickel in a rotary furnace including pelletizing and pre-reducing ore |
| US3948638A (en) * | 1973-03-23 | 1976-04-06 | Hutt Gmbh | Method for the press granulation of industrial dusts separated in dust removal systems |
| CN101033515A (en) * | 2007-04-16 | 2007-09-12 | 中南大学 | Process for preparing nickel ferroalloy by melting and reducing laterite nickel ore |
| CN101323904A (en) * | 2008-07-28 | 2008-12-17 | 红河恒昊矿业股份有限公司 | Method for enriching nickel iron ore concentrate from laterite type nickel ore by means of rotary kiln |
| CN101701275A (en) * | 2009-11-18 | 2010-05-05 | 昆明理工大学 | Method for preparing nickel iron by using rotary kiln for directly reducing nickel silicate ores |
-
2017
- 2017-01-23 CN CN201710048798.0A patent/CN106702177B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3746533A (en) * | 1972-03-22 | 1973-07-17 | L Moussoulos | Process of producing ferro-nickel in a rotary furnace including pelletizing and pre-reducing ore |
| US3948638A (en) * | 1973-03-23 | 1976-04-06 | Hutt Gmbh | Method for the press granulation of industrial dusts separated in dust removal systems |
| CN101033515A (en) * | 2007-04-16 | 2007-09-12 | 中南大学 | Process for preparing nickel ferroalloy by melting and reducing laterite nickel ore |
| CN101323904A (en) * | 2008-07-28 | 2008-12-17 | 红河恒昊矿业股份有限公司 | Method for enriching nickel iron ore concentrate from laterite type nickel ore by means of rotary kiln |
| CN101701275A (en) * | 2009-11-18 | 2010-05-05 | 昆明理工大学 | Method for preparing nickel iron by using rotary kiln for directly reducing nickel silicate ores |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 李小明等: "红土镍矿处理工艺探讨", 《铁合金》 * |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107287415A (en) * | 2017-06-20 | 2017-10-24 | 中南大学 | Strengthen compound additive of lateritic nickel ore briquetting and its preparation method and application |
| CN108251659A (en) * | 2018-01-16 | 2018-07-06 | 中南大学 | A kind of method strengthened lateritic nickel ore direct-reduction technique and prepare ferronickel |
| CN109022665A (en) * | 2018-08-21 | 2018-12-18 | 宝钢德盛不锈钢有限公司 | Wrap application of the low nickel chromium triangle residual iron in bottom in straight carbon steel smelting process |
| CN109022665B (en) * | 2018-08-21 | 2020-05-01 | 宝钢德盛不锈钢有限公司 | Application of ladle bottom low-nickel-chromium residual iron in common carbon steel smelting process |
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