CN106701284B - Open gear oil composition and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Open gear oil composition and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN106701284B CN106701284B CN201611207316.3A CN201611207316A CN106701284B CN 106701284 B CN106701284 B CN 106701284B CN 201611207316 A CN201611207316 A CN 201611207316A CN 106701284 B CN106701284 B CN 106701284B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
- C10M169/04—Mixtures of base-materials and additives
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2205/02—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers
- C10M2205/0206—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers used as base material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
- C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
- C10M2207/125—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids
- C10M2207/128—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids containing hydroxy groups; Ethers thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2209/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2209/08—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a carboxyl radical, e.g. acrylate type
- C10M2209/0806—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a carboxyl radical, e.g. acrylate type used as base material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2215/02—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
- C10M2215/06—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
- C10M2215/064—Di- and triaryl amines
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2215/22—Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds
- C10M2215/223—Five-membered rings containing nitrogen and carbon only
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2219/02—Sulfur-containing compounds obtained by sulfurisation with sulfur or sulfur-containing compounds
- C10M2219/022—Sulfur-containing compounds obtained by sulfurisation with sulfur or sulfur-containing compounds of hydrocarbons, e.g. olefines
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
- C10M2223/04—Phosphate esters
- C10M2223/041—Triaryl phosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/06—Oiliness; Film-strength; Anti-wear; Resistance to extreme pressure
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/10—Inhibition of oxidation, e.g. anti-oxidants
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/14—Metal deactivation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/04—Oil-bath; Gear-boxes; Automatic transmissions; Traction drives
Abstract
The invention provides an open gear oil composition and a preparation method thereof. The open gear oil composition comprises the following components in percentage by total weight of 100 percent: ester synthetic oil: 85.5-99.56%, preferably 90.9-98.37%, more preferably 92-96%; extreme pressure antiwear agent: 0.1-8%, preferably 1-6%; oily friction reducing agent: 0.03 to 3.0 percent, preferably 0.1 to 1.5 percent; metal passivator: 0.01-0.5%, preferably 0.03% -0.1%; antioxidant: 0.3-3.0%, preferably 0.5% -1.5%. The open gear oil composition has the advantages of good antifriction and antiwear performance, extremely high bearing capacity, strong antirust and water resistance, excellent low-temperature fluidity and high-temperature adhesion, excellent shear stability, no oil throwing after long-term use and wide application range.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of lubricating oil, and particularly relates to an open gear oil composition and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The open gear oil is mainly used for lubricating open type and semi-open type gear boxes and running gears of low-speed heavy-load gear devices, and is widely applied to operation machinery in the industries of cement, metallurgy, mining and the like, particularly to some oversize rotating equipment. Because the open (or semi-open) transmission is exposed, and is easily affected by dust or other external factors to cause abrasion and oil deterioration during working, the open gear oil is required to have good adhesion, viscosity-temperature characteristics, extreme pressure abrasion resistance and the like so as to ensure that the surface of the gear has enough oil film protection in the low-speed running process of the open gear.
Open gear oil products are generally classified into asphalt-based open gear oil, graphite-based open gear grease, full-oil open gear oil and the like. Asphalt-based open gear oil is forbidden in Europe and America at present due to poor viscosity-temperature performance and pollution resistance, strong carcinogenic substances contained in volatile solvent and the like; the graphite-based open gear grease is the product with the widest application range at present, for example, patent application document CN104164277A provides a heavy-load open gear grease and a preparation method thereof, wherein the heavy-load open gear grease is prepared from base oil, composite aluminum-based grease, graphite and MoS2The lubricating oil has good adhesion and extreme pressure antiwear performance, can reduce friction resistance and save powerBut due to graphite and MoS2Belongs to a black solid lubricant, brings inconvenience to maintenance and field cleaning, and has poor low-temperature fluidity so as to limit the application of the lubricant.
The synthetic open gear lubricant is generally prepared by adopting high-viscosity synthetic base oil and additives, and the synthetic base oil with high viscosity index and the additives are matched for use so that the synthetic open gear lubricant has excellent thermal oxidation stability, high and low temperature performance and extreme pressure wear resistance. Patent application document CN104962360A provides a synthetic open gear oil composition, which is blended with three different synthetic ester base oils and compatible with appropriate additives, and has better thermal oxidation stability, high and low temperature performance and extreme pressure antiwear property, and wide viscosity adjustable range, and basically meets the working condition requirements of various open gear devices, but because the various synthetic ester oils contained therein have complex structures and are cumbersome to prepare, and the market lacks corresponding commercial products, the industrial scale-up production cannot be performed.
Disclosure of Invention
Problems to be solved by the invention
The invention aims to provide an open gear oil composition and a preparation method thereof. The open gear oil composition has the advantages of simple preparation method and excellent comprehensive performance, can be flexibly applied to various lubrication modes such as splashing, dripping, soaking, spray lubrication and the like, and can not cause pollution problems to equipment, environment and the like.
Means for solving the problems
The invention provides an open gear oil composition, which comprises the following components by taking the total weight of the open gear oil composition as 100 percent:
ester synthetic oil: 85.5-99.56%, preferably 90.9-98.37%, more preferably 92-96%;
extreme pressure antiwear agent: 0.1-8%, preferably 1-6%;
oily friction reducing agent: 0.03 to 3.0 percent, preferably 0.1 to 1.5 percent;
metal passivator: 0.01-0.5%, preferably 0.03% -0.1%;
antioxidant: 0.3-3.0%, preferably 0.5% -1.5%.
The open gear oil composition comprises a copolymer with a main chain containing a hydrocarbon group and an ester group, preferably comprises a copolymer of α olefin and unsaturated ester oil, wherein the carbon atom number of the α olefin is an integer between 1 and 22, preferably an integer between 5 and 17, and preferably the unsaturated ester oil comprises unsaturated diester prepared by reacting unsaturated anhydride and alcohol.
Preferably, the average weight average molecular weight of the ester synthetic oil is 1000-10000Da, preferably 3000-10000 Da.
According to the open gear oil composition of the invention, the extreme pressure antiwear agent comprises: one or two of a sulfur-containing extreme pressure anti-wear agent and a phosphorus-containing extreme pressure anti-wear agent; preferably, the sulfur-containing extreme pressure antiwear agent comprises: one or more of sulfurized fatty acid esters, sulfurized olefins, sulfurized isobutylene, benzyl polysulfide, phenyl polysulfide, dialkyl dithiocarbamate; the phosphorus-containing extreme pressure antiwear agent comprises: one or more of triphenyl phosphate, tricresyl phosphate, acidic phosphate ester, alkyl amine phosphate, aryl amine phosphate, dithiophosphate, and ashless organic amine phosphonate.
According to the open gear oil composition of the invention, the extreme pressure antiwear agent comprises: a sulfur-containing extreme pressure anti-wear agent and a phosphorus-containing extreme pressure anti-wear agent; preferably, the mass ratio of the sulfur-containing extreme pressure anti-wear agent to the phosphorus-containing extreme pressure anti-wear agent is 1: 4-4: 1, and preferably 1: 2-2: 1.
The open gear oil composition according to the present invention, the oily friction reducer comprises: one or more of fatty acid, fatty acid ester, fatty alcohol, amine salt, organic sulfur compound; preferably, the oily friction reducer comprises: one or more of dodecahydroxystearic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, butyl oleate, glycerol monooleate and epoxy oleate.
The open gear oil composition according to the present invention, the metal deactivator comprising: one or more of benzotriazole or a derivative thereof, benzothiazole or a derivative thereof, thiadiazole or a derivative thereof, benzimidazole or a derivative thereof, indazole or a derivative thereof.
The open gear oil composition according to the present invention, the antioxidant comprises: one or two of amine antioxidant and phenol antioxidant; preferably, the amine antioxidant comprises: one or more of p, p-dioctyl diphenylamine, octyl butyl diphenylamine and naphthylamine; the phenolic antioxidant comprises one or two of 2, 6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol and bis (3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl) thioether.
The open gear oil composition according to the present invention further comprises one or more of a rust inhibitor, a corrosion inhibitor, a demulsifier.
According to the open gear oil composition, the kinematic viscosity of the ester synthetic oil at 100 ℃ is 15-3000 mm according to the test method of GB/T2652/s。
The present invention also provides a method for preparing an open gear oil composition according to the present invention, comprising the step of mixing the components of the open gear oil composition.
ADVANTAGEOUS EFFECTS OF INVENTION
The open gear oil composition has the advantages of good antifriction and antiwear performance, extremely high bearing capacity, strong antirust and water resistance, excellent low-temperature fluidity and high-temperature adhesion, excellent shear stability, no oil throwing after long-term use and wide application range.
Detailed Description
The invention provides an open gear oil composition, which comprises the following components by taking the total weight of the open gear oil composition as 100 percent:
ester synthetic oil: 85.5-99.56%, preferably 90.9-98.37%, more preferably 92-96%;
extreme pressure antiwear agent: 0.1-8%, preferably 1-6%;
oily friction reducing agent: 0.03 to 3.0 percent, preferably 0.1 to 1.5 percent;
metal passivator: 0.01-0.5%, preferably 0.03% -0.1%;
antioxidant: 0.3-3.0%, preferably 0.5% -1.5%.
According to the open gear oil composition, the ester synthetic oil has excellent lubricating ability, oxidation stability, hydrolytic stability and adhesion. In the present invention, the ester-based synthetic oil is added in an amount of 85.5 to 99.56%, preferably 90.9 to 98.37%, more preferably 92 to 96%.
According to the open gear oil composition, the ester synthetic oil is a copolymer with a main chain containing a hydrocarbon group and an ester group. Ester group with stronger polarity contained in the ester synthetic oil enables the ester synthetic oil to be more easily adsorbed on the metal surface; therefore, the open gear oil composition can form a thick oil film on the friction surface, improve the lubrication condition of the friction surface and enhance the friction reduction and lubrication performance; meanwhile, the strong adsorption force also improves the water scouring resistance of the open gear oil composition. The open gear oil composition has excellent hydrolytic stability and oxidation stability due to the poly hydrocarbon molecular chains contained in the ester synthetic oil.
The ester synthetic oil has high viscosity index and shear stability, has good adhesion performance in winter and summer, and does not become thin and run off due to continuous shear operation under high load.
More specifically, in the ester synthetic oil, the number of carbon atoms of α olefin is an integer between 1 and 22, preferably an integer between 5 and 17, and specifically, the unsaturated ester oil comprises unsaturated diester prepared by reacting unsaturated anhydride and alcohol.
Preferably, the average weight average molecular weight of the ester synthetic oil is 1000-10000Da, preferably 3000-10000 Da.
The ester synthetic oil is applied to the open gear oil composition, has excellent sealing compatibility and shows neutral to slight swelling characteristics to common sealing materials; the solubility and the performance of the additive in the ester synthetic oil are excellent, and the compatibility of the ester synthetic oil and other components is better. The ester synthetic oil has good high/low temperature performance, and can meet the requirements of starting and spraying the pump at high/low temperature when the ester synthetic oil is applied to the open gear oil composition. In addition, the ester synthetic oil and the extreme pressure antiwear agent do not have adsorption competition on the metal surface, so the ester synthetic oil does not influence the exertion of the extreme pressure antiwear performance.
Specifically, the degree of polymerization of the ester synthetic oil is 1 to 100, and more preferably 5 to 20. Open gear oil compositions with various viscosity ranges can be prepared by changing the polymerization degree of the ester synthetic oil; by changing the proportion of the comonomers of the alkyl group and the ester group in the main chain, the open gear oil composition with different polarity sizes can be prepared. Therefore, the requirements of various lubrication modes such as open gear splashing, dripping, soaking, spray lubrication and the like can be met, and therefore a proper product can be flexibly selected.
According to the GB/T265 test method, the kinematic viscosity of the ester synthetic oil at 100 ℃ is 15-3000 mm2/s。
The open gear oil composition provided by the invention is added with the extreme pressure antiwear agent in an amount of 0.1-8%, preferably 1-6%. When the addition amount of the extreme pressure antiwear agent is less than 0.1%, the extreme pressure antiwear performance of the open gear oil composition cannot be sufficiently provided, and when the addition amount of the extreme pressure antiwear agent is more than 8%, the extreme pressure antiwear performance of the open gear oil composition cannot be further improved, the utilization rate of the extreme pressure antiwear agent is reduced, the cost of raw materials is increased, and meanwhile, the oxidation resistance and the metal corrosion resistance of the open gear oil composition are also influenced.
The extreme pressure antiwear agent comprises: one or two of sulfur-containing extreme pressure anti-wear agent and phosphorus-containing extreme pressure anti-wear agent. Preferably, the sulfur-containing extreme pressure antiwear agent comprises: one or more of sulfurized fatty acid esters, sulfurized olefins, sulfurized isobutylene, benzyl polysulfides (e.g., dibenzyldisulfide, etc.), phenyl polysulfides, dialkyldithiocarbamates (e.g., dibutyldithiocarbamates, brand: T351, etc.), dialkyldithiocarbamates (e.g., methylenebis (dibutyldithiocarbamate), brand: vanlube7723, etc.); the phosphorus-containing extreme pressure antiwear agent comprises: triphenyl phosphate, tricresyl phosphate, acidic phosphate esters, alkyl amine phosphates (e.g., brands: Vanlube672, etc.), aryl amine phosphates, dithiophosphate esters, and ashless amine salts of organic phosphonic acids.
The open gear oil composition of the invention comprises the following components in percentage by weight: a sulfur-containing extreme pressure anti-wear agent and a phosphorus-containing extreme pressure anti-wear agent. The extreme pressure antiwear agent has good synergistic effect with the ester synthetic oil. Furthermore, an oil film formed on the metal surface by the ester synthetic oil can help to reduce friction force, reduce the friction temperature of the metal surface and delay the reaction time of sulfur and/or phosphorus with a friction contact surface.
Specifically, the mass ratio of the sulfur-containing extreme pressure anti-wear agent to the phosphorus-containing extreme pressure anti-wear agent is 1: 4-4: 1, and preferably 1: 2-2: 1. When the mass ratio of the sulfur-containing extreme pressure anti-wear agent to the phosphorus-containing extreme pressure anti-wear agent is within the range of 1: 4-4: 1, the sulfur-containing extreme pressure anti-wear agent and the phosphorus-containing extreme pressure anti-wear agent can react with iron elements on a friction contact surface in a targeted manner according to the friction temperature and the bearing load pressure of the metal surface, so that the extreme pressure anti-wear effect is exerted together. Therefore, in the open gear oil composition, the sulfur-containing extreme pressure anti-wear agent and the phosphorus-containing extreme pressure anti-wear agent are added according to a proper proportion, so that the comprehensive performance of the open gear oil composition can be further improved.
The open gear oil composition according to the present invention, wherein the oily friction reducer is added in an amount of 0.03 to 3.0%, preferably 0.1 to 1.5%. When the addition amount of the oily friction reducer is less than 0.03%, sufficient lubricity and friction reduction performance cannot be provided for the open gear oil composition, and when the addition amount of the oily friction reducer is more than 3.0%, the utilization rate of the oily friction reducer is reduced, the cost performance is affected, and the water distribution performance of the open gear oil composition is also affected.
Specifically, the oily friction reducer comprises: one or more of fatty acid, fatty acid ester, fatty alcohol, amine salt, organic sulfur compound; preferably, the oily friction reducer comprises: one or more of dodecahydroxystearic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, butyl oleate, glycerol monooleate and epoxy oleate.
The open gear oil composition according to the present invention, wherein the metal deactivator is added in an amount of 0.01 to 0.5%, preferably 0.03 to 0.1%. When the addition amount of the metal passivator is less than 0.01%, sufficient metal passivation effect cannot be provided for the open gear oil composition, and when the addition amount of the metal passivator is more than 0.5%, the exerted metal passivation effect cannot be improved any more, and the utilization rate and the cost performance of the metal passivator are reduced.
Specifically, the metal passivator includes: one or more of benzotriazole or a derivative thereof, benzothiazole or a derivative thereof, thiadiazole or a derivative thereof, benzimidazole or a derivative thereof, indazole or a derivative thereof.
The open gear oil composition according to the present invention, wherein the antioxidant is added in an amount of 0.3 to 3.0%, preferably 0.5 to 1.5%. Specifically, the antioxidant comprises: one or two of amine antioxidant and phenol antioxidant; preferably, the amine antioxidant comprises: one or more of p, p-dioctyl diphenylamine, octyl butyl diphenylamine and naphthylamine; the phenolic antioxidant comprises one or two of 2, 6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol and bis (3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl) thioether.
In addition, the open gear oil composition of the present invention may further contain one or more of rust inhibitors, corrosion inhibitors, demulsifiers, and the like, and may also contain no graphite or asphalt.
The open gear oil composition has the advantages of simple and easily obtained raw materials, high cost performance, high safety in use, no environmental pollution and wide application range, and is very beneficial to industrial production and popularization.
The present invention also provides a method of preparing an open gear oil composition according to the present invention, comprising: a step of mixing the components of the open gear oil composition.
Specifically, the method according to the invention comprises the following steps:
adding ester synthetic oil into a reactor, maintaining the temperature at 75-90 ℃, then adding an oily friction reducing agent, stirring until the mixture is uniform and transparent, stopping heating, reducing the temperature to 40-60 ℃, then adding an extreme pressure antiwear agent, an antioxidant and a metal passivator into the reactor, and stirring until the mixture is uniform and transparent to obtain the open gear oil composition.
Examples
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to examples, but those skilled in the art will appreciate that the following examples are only illustrative of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. The examples, in which specific conditions are not specified, were conducted under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by the manufacturer, and are all conventional products commercially available.
Example 1
94.4 parts by weight of an ester synthetic oil (manufacturer: Italmatch Chemicals, trademark: Ketjenlube2700, which is prepared by copolymerizing tetradecahydroxy α olefin, hexadecahydroxy α olefin, and a reaction product of maleic anhydride and ethanol, and has an average weight average molecular weight of 7000Da and CAS No. 173521-40-9) was added to a reaction kettle, the kettle temperature was maintained at 80 ℃, 1 part by weight of dodecahydroxystearic acid was added, the mixture was stirred until uniform and transparent, heating was stopped and the kettle temperature was reduced to 50 ℃ with cooling water, and then 2 parts by weight of isobutylene sulfide (manufacturer: Bohai Daihai GmbH, trademark: T321, the same below) and 1.5 parts by weight of tricresyl phosphate (manufacturer: Bohai Daihai GmbH, trademark: T306, the same below) were sequentially added, 1 part by weight of octylbutyldiphenylamine and 0.1 part by weight of benzotriazole derivative (manufacturer: Kangtai additive, Tahitian additive, trademark: T551, the same below, same below) were added to the mixture, and stirred to the transparent kettle to obtain a transparent mixture.
Example 2
An open gear oil composition II was prepared in the same manner as in example 1, except that 1.5 parts by weight of tricresyl phosphate in example 1 was replaced with 1.5 parts by weight of sulfurized isobutylene.
Comparative example 1
An open gear oil composition III was prepared in the same manner as in example 1, except that 94.4 parts by weight of the ester-based synthetic oil in example 1 was changed to 69.4 parts by weight of polyisobutylene (manufacturer: Korea Dalin Co., Ltd., brand: PB950) and 25 parts by weight of polyisobutylene (manufacturer: Korea Dalin Co., Ltd., brand: PB 1300).
Comparative example 2
An open gear oil composition IV was prepared in the same manner as in example 1 except that 94.4 parts by weight of the ester-based synthetic oil in example 1 was changed to 54.4 parts by weight of poly α olefin PAO300 (manufacturer: Exxon Mobile Chemical, trade name: SpectraSyn Elite 300) and 40 parts by weight of a high viscosity complex ester (manufacturer: Croda Company, Inc, trade name: Priolube3986, the same applies hereinafter).
Comparative example 3
An open gear oil composition V was prepared in the same manner as in example 1, except that 2 parts by weight of sulfurized isobutylene and 1.5 parts by weight of tricresyl phosphate in example 1 were replaced with 3.5 parts by weight of a neutral oil dispersion of potassium triborate (manufacturer: Tiarco Chemical, brand: OCTOPO L PTB).
The open gear oil compositions I, II, III, IV and V are respectively subjected to performance tests, and the detection results are shown in Table 1:
TABLE 1
As can be seen from Table 1, the open gear oil composition I prepared by the invention has higher viscosity and viscosity index; the open gear oil composition I has the pour point of-12 ℃, has good low-temperature fluidity and pump startability, and also has higher oxidation stability and extreme pressure anti-wear property, low viscosity growth rate and excellent comprehensive performance.
As can be seen from example 2, when the open gear oil composition II is prepared, only the sulfur-containing extreme pressure anti-wear agent is added, but the phosphorus-containing extreme pressure anti-wear agent is not added, the PB value of the composition II can still reach 1186N, the composition II shows excellent anti-wear performance, and as the ester synthetic oil contains more polar ester functional groups, a protective film can be formed on the friction surface, and the lubricating and anti-wear performance of the open gear oil composition is improved.
Compared with the open gear oil composition I, the open gear oil composition III prepared by using the polyisobutylene as the base oil in the comparative example 1 has the advantages of low viscosity index, poor viscosity-temperature performance, high pour point, and poor adaptability to high temperature and low temperature, and is not suitable for working under the working conditions with wide temperature range change. And as the polyisobutylene does not contain polar ester functional group, a thick oil film is not easy to form on the friction surface, so that the PB and PD values of the polyisobutylene are relatively low, the diameter of the wear-resisting spot is large, and the extreme pressure anti-wear and anti-wear properties are deviated. In addition, the open gear oil composition III has a higher viscosity increase rate of oxidation stability than that of the open gear oil composition I, and the oxidation stability is inferior.
In comparative example 2, the open gear oil composition IV was cloudy due to the incompatibility of the poly α olefin PAO300 and the high viscosity complex ester, which also indicates that a composition combining the advantages of the poly α olefin and the ester oil could not be obtained by blending alone, and the above incompatibility problem could be avoided with the ester synthetic oil.
As can be seen from the comparative example 3, compared with the open gear oil compositions I and II, the open gear oil composition V has lower PB value and PD value and larger wear-scar diameter, which shows that the ester synthetic oil adopted by the invention has good compatibility with the sulfur-containing and/or phosphorus-containing extreme pressure antiwear agent, has the synergistic effect of extreme pressure antiwear, and can obtain the open gear oil composition with more excellent extreme pressure antiwear performance.
Example 3
93.4 parts by weight of an ester synthetic oil (manufacturer: Italmatch Chemicals, brand: Ketjenlube23000, which is prepared by copolymerizing tetradecametch α olefin, hexadecametch α olefin, and a reaction product of maleic anhydride and ethanol, and has an average weight average molecular weight of 10000Da and CAS number of 173521-40-9) was added to a reaction kettle, the kettle temperature was maintained at 80 ℃, 1.5 parts by weight of oleic acid was added, the mixture was stirred until uniform and transparent, heating was stopped and the kettle temperature was reduced to 40 ℃ with cooling water, and then 2.5 parts by weight of methylenebis (dibutyldithiocarbamate) (manufacturer: Vanderbilt Company, U.S.A., brand: Vanlube7723), 2 parts by weight of an ashless organic amine phosphonate (manufacturer: Bohai Daghi chemical Co., brand: KT139), 0.5 parts by weight of octylbutyldiphenylamine, 0.1 part by weight of a benzotriazole derivative were added to a blending kettle, stirred until all the oil mixture was uniformly dissolved, and the finished gear oil composition was obtained.
Comparative example 4
An open gear oil composition VII was prepared in the same manner as in example 3, except that the ester-based synthetic oil in example 3 was changed to a high-viscosity complex ester.
The open gear oil compositions VI and VII are respectively subjected to performance tests, and the detection results are shown in Table 2:
TABLE 2
As can be seen from Table 2, the open gear oil composition VI prepared from the ester synthetic oil also has higher viscosity index, oxidation stability and extreme pressure antiwear property. The viscosity index can reach more than 300, the viscosity-temperature performance is very excellent, the maximum non-seizure load PB value can reach more than 1700N, and the comprehensive performance is excellent.
In addition, the oxidation stability and pour point of the open gear oil composition VII prepared from the high-viscosity composite ester are both inferior to those of the open gear oil composition VI, and the extreme pressure antiwear property is also slightly inferior to that of the open gear oil composition VI, so that the ester synthetic oil disclosed by the invention has better compatibility with sulfur-containing and/or phosphorus-containing extreme pressure antiwear agents.
In conclusion, the ester synthetic oil is used, and the proper additive is added, so that the open gear oil composition has high viscosity and viscosity-temperature performance, the conditions of easy loss in summer and difficult flowing in winter are avoided, and the formation and maintenance of a lubricating oil film in the use process of the open gear oil composition are facilitated; secondly, the open gear oil composition has excellent low-temperature flow property, and the use temperature range of the open gear oil composition is expanded; furthermore, the open gear oil composition of the present invention, when in use, results in low fluid friction of the gear pair in the load zone, reduces the operating temperature of the pinion and gear assembly, and increases gear efficiency.
In addition, as can be seen from examples 1 and 3, the open gear oil composition of the invention can prepare open gear oils with different viscosity grades, and has wider application range.
Claims (19)
1. An open gear oil composition, characterized by comprising the following components by weight percent based on the total weight of the open gear oil composition as 100 percent:
ester synthetic oil: 85.5 to 99.56 percent;
extreme pressure antiwear agent: 0.1 to 8 percent;
oily friction reducing agent: 0.03-3.0%;
metal passivator: 0.01 to 0.5 percent;
antioxidant: 0.3 to 3.0 percent;
the extreme pressure antiwear agent comprises a sulfur-containing extreme pressure antiwear agent and a phosphorus-containing extreme pressure antiwear agent; the mass ratio of the sulfur-containing extreme pressure anti-wear agent to the phosphorus-containing extreme pressure anti-wear agent is 1: 4-4: 1;
the ester synthetic oil comprises α copolymer of olefin and unsaturated ester oil, and the unsaturated ester oil comprises unsaturated diester prepared by reaction of unsaturated anhydride and alcohol.
2. The open gear oil composition of claim 1, wherein the synthetic ester oil is added in an amount of 90.9-98.37% based on 100% by weight of the total open gear oil composition; the addition amount of the extreme pressure antiwear agent is 1-6%; the addition amount of the oily antifriction agent is 0.1-1.5%; the addition amount of the metal passivator is 0.03-0.1%; the addition amount of the antioxidant is 0.5-1.5%.
3. The open gear oil composition of claim 2, wherein the synthetic ester oil is added in an amount of 92-96% based on 100% by weight of the total open gear oil composition.
4. The open gear oil composition as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the α olefin has an integer of 5 to 22 carbon atoms.
5. The open gear oil composition according to claim 4, wherein the α olefin has an integer number of carbon atoms from 5 to 17.
6. The open gear oil composition as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the average weight average molecular weight of the ester-based synthetic oil is 1000-10000 Da.
7. The open gear oil composition as claimed in claim 6, wherein the average weight average molecular weight of the ester-based synthetic oil is 3000-10000 Da.
8. The open gear oil composition as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the sulfur-containing extreme pressure antiwear agent comprises: one or more of sulfurized fatty acid esters, sulfurized olefins, benzyl polysulfides, phenyl polysulfides, dialkyl dithiocarbamates; the phosphorus-containing extreme pressure antiwear agent comprises: one or more of triphenyl phosphate, tricresyl phosphate, alkyl amine phosphate, aryl amine phosphate, dithiophosphate, and ashless organic amine phosphonate.
9. The open gear oil composition of claim 8, wherein the sulfurized olefin comprises sulfurized isobutylene.
10. The open gear oil composition as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the phosphorus-containing extreme pressure antiwear agent comprises an acidic phosphate ester.
11. The open gear oil composition as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the mass ratio of the sulfur-containing extreme pressure anti-wear agent to the phosphorus-containing extreme pressure anti-wear agent is 1:2 to 2: 1.
12. The open gear oil composition as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the oily friction reducer comprises: one or more of fatty acid, fatty acid ester, fatty alcohol, amine salt, and organic sulfur compound.
13. The open gear oil composition of claim 12, wherein the oily friction reducer comprises: one or more of dodecahydroxystearic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, butyl oleate, glycerol monooleate and epoxy oleate.
14. The open gear oil composition as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the metal deactivator comprises: one or more of benzotriazole or a derivative thereof, benzothiazole or a derivative thereof, thiadiazole or a derivative thereof, benzimidazole or a derivative thereof, indazole or a derivative thereof.
15. The open gear oil composition as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the antioxidant comprises: one or two of amine antioxidant and phenol antioxidant.
16. The open gear oil composition of claim 15, wherein the amine antioxidant comprises: one or more of p, p-dioctyl diphenylamine, octyl butyl diphenylamine and naphthylamine; the phenolic antioxidant comprises one or two of 2, 6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol and bis (3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl) thioether.
17. The open gear oil composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising one or more of a rust inhibitor, a corrosion inhibitor, a demulsifier.
18. An open tooth according to any one of claims 1 to 3The wheel oil composition is characterized in that the kinematic viscosity of the ester synthetic oil at 100 ℃ is 15-3000 mm according to the GB/T265 test method2/s。
19. A method of making an open gear oil composition according to any one of claims 1 to 18, comprising the step of mixing the components of the open gear oil composition.
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| CN109135871B (en) * | 2017-06-27 | 2021-11-02 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Heavy-duty vehicle gear oil composition and preparation method thereof |
| CN107474914A (en) * | 2017-07-19 | 2017-12-15 | 沈阳迈腾石化有限公司 | A kind of fully synthetic extreme pressure exposed gear oil and its synthetic method |
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| CN110331026A (en) * | 2019-07-24 | 2019-10-15 | 郑州市欧普士科技有限公司 | A kind of environment-friendly type nano graphene ORT exposed gear oil and preparation method thereof |
| CN110467961A (en) * | 2019-09-02 | 2019-11-19 | 沈秀曼 | A kind of engine lubrication wear-resistant protectant and preparation method thereof |
| CN114836252A (en) * | 2021-02-02 | 2022-08-02 | 福建黑狮润滑油有限公司 | Gear oil special for clock escapement system and preparation method thereof |
| CN114106918A (en) * | 2021-11-29 | 2022-03-01 | 安美科技股份有限公司 | Open lubricant composition |
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