CN106701205A - Integrated gasification combined power generating device based on air staging pyrolysis gasification of pulverized coal - Google Patents

Integrated gasification combined power generating device based on air staging pyrolysis gasification of pulverized coal Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106701205A
CN106701205A CN201710171667.1A CN201710171667A CN106701205A CN 106701205 A CN106701205 A CN 106701205A CN 201710171667 A CN201710171667 A CN 201710171667A CN 106701205 A CN106701205 A CN 106701205A
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China
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gas
bed
outlet
fluidized bed
level
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田原宇
乔英云
谢克昌
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China University of Petroleum East China
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China University of Petroleum East China
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Priority to CN201710171667.1A priority Critical patent/CN106701205A/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/58—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels combined with pre-distillation of the fuel
    • C10J3/60—Processes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/72—Other features
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/72—Other features
    • C10J3/82—Gas withdrawal means
    • C10J3/84—Gas withdrawal means with means for removing dust or tar from the gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D15/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
    • F01D15/10—Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, electric generators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K17/00—Using steam or condensate extracted or exhausted from steam engine plant
    • F01K17/04—Using steam or condensate extracted or exhausted from steam engine plant for specific purposes other than heating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02C6/00—Plural gas-turbine plants; Combinations of gas-turbine plants with other apparatus; Adaptations of gas- turbine plants for special use
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02C6/00—Plural gas-turbine plants; Combinations of gas-turbine plants with other apparatus; Adaptations of gas- turbine plants for special use
    • F02C6/18—Plural gas-turbine plants; Combinations of gas-turbine plants with other apparatus; Adaptations of gas- turbine plants for special use using the waste heat of gas-turbine plants outside the plants themselves, e.g. gas-turbine power heat plants
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/16—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant
    • C10J2300/1603—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant with gas treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/16—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant
    • C10J2300/1603—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant with gas treatment
    • C10J2300/1606—Combustion processes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/16—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant
    • C10J2300/1671—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant with the production of electricity
    • C10J2300/1675—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant with the production of electricity making use of a steam turbine
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/16—Combined cycle power plant [CCPP], or combined cycle gas turbine [CCGT]
    • Y02E20/18—Integrated gasification combined cycle [IGCC], e.g. combined with carbon capture and storage [CCS]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
    • Y02P20/129—Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines

Abstract

The invention provides an integrated gasification combined power generating device based on air staging pyrolysis gasification of pulverized coal. A raw coal pulverizer and a pressurizing conveying system are sequentially arranged at the front end of a carrying circulating bed; a gas distributor and an ash discharging pipe are arranged at the bottom of the carrying circulating bed; an entrained-flow bed is arranged at a position of 300-3000 mm above a material returning port; a secondary gas-solid separator is arranged at the top of the entrained-flow bed; a heat exchanging material bin is mounted below the ash discharging pipe; the bottom of the heat exchanging material bin reversely communicates with the pressurizing conveying system through a flow control valve; first-stage separated coarse ash is connected with the material returning port of the carrying circulating bed through a material returner; second-stage separated fine ash is connected with the entrained-flow bed through the material returner; a second-stage gas outlet is connected with a high-temperature moving bed through a gas heat exchanger; a gas turbine is coaxially in linkage connection with a second-stage gas compressor, a first-stage gas compressor and a power generator sequentially; one outlet of the first-stage gas compressor communicates with a burner, and the other outlet is connected to the second-stage gas compressor; a softened water inlet is connected to a steam turbine through a waste heat recycling boiler; the steam turbine is in linkage connection with the power generator; and the steam turbine and the second-stage gas compressor communicate with a gas inlet pipe of the gas distributor.

Description

Integrated gasification combined TRT based on fine coal air classification pyrolytic gasification
1. technical field
The present invention provides the Integrated gasification combined TRT based on fine coal air classification pyrolytic gasification, belongs to Coal Chemical Industry neck Domain.
2. background technology
It is exactly but that coal is the cheap disposal of pollutants energy very high in the general knowledge of energy field, so exploitation is clean The utilization technology of coal, is always the target of countries in the world government and industry joint efforts.
Country's Coal Clean generation technology has two kinds of schools at present.A kind of efficiency for being to improve conventional coal unit, mainly Method is to improve the temperature of main steam, strengthens acting ability, is an independent Rankine cycle, such as overcritical, ultra supercritical. Another is IGCC (Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle) i.e. integrated gasification combined cycle plants hairs Electric system, is clean Coal Gasification Technology and efficient combustion gas -- steam combined cycle power generating system combines, first Coal gasification, then promotes combustion engine acting, while be equipped with turbine exhaust heat generate electricity, that is, " plant gas of raw material are made of coal ". The acting ability of any circulation both depends on that working gas initial temperature is how high, the main steam temperature of ultra supercritical more than 600 DEG C, And gas turbine acting turbine before temperature be 1300 DEG C or so, so IGCC will be next step Coal Clean generate electricity main flow with Trend.
Under state-of-the art, the net efficiency that IGCC generates electricity is expected to reach from now on higher up to 43%~45%；And it is dirty The discharge capacity for contaminating thing is only the 1/10 of conventional coal fired power plant, and, up to 99%, sulfur dioxide (SO2) emissions are in 25mg/Nm for desulfuration efficiency3It is left The right side, far below discharge standard 1200mg/Nm3, discharged nitrous oxides only have the 15%~20% of conventional power plant, and water consumption only has routine The 1/2~1/3 of power station.Therefore compared with traditional coal power technology, IGCC has that generating efficiency is high, pollutant emission is low, titanium dioxide Carbon traps the low advantage of cost, is current clean and effective coal be verified in the world, can be industrialized, most with prospects Power technology.
IGCC is made up of two parts, i.e. coal gasification and purification part and combustion gas -- steam combined cycle power generating part. The capital equipment of Part I has gasification furnace, air separation unit, gas purification equipment (including retracting device of sulphur)；Part II Capital equipment has gas turbine generating system, waste heat boiler, steam turbine power generating.Multiple key equipments are combined and integrated, System is excessively complicated, less stable, has had a strong impact on the steady long-term operation of device.General IGCC technical process is： Through being gasificated as middle low-heat value gas, by purification, the pollutant such as sulfide, nitride, dust in removing coal gas is changed into coal The gaseous fuel of cleaning, is then fed into the combustion chambers burn of gas turbine, and hot gas working medium is fired with driving combustion gas turbine to do work Gas-turbine exhaust enters waste heat boiler and heats feedwater, produces superheated steam to drive steam turbine acting.
At present in the world, except 5 IGCC power stations that the U.S., Holland, Spain, Japan and other countries are built, in State Huaneng Group Tianjin IGCC Demonstration Stations are global 6th IGCC power stations, and the Edwardsport power stations of Indiana, USA are complete The 7th IGCC power station of ball, the kemper power stations of Mississippi, America are in the 8th IGCC power station built in addition also nearly 20 IGCC Plant of the seat for Poly-generation.These IGCC overwhelming majority are that to use oxygen be the high-temperature slag entrained flow gasification of gasifying agent Stove and wet method low temperature purification.One side air separation unit oxygen energy consumption and investment be high, accounts for investment and the operation energy consumption of coal gasification Half, so as to increase per kilowatt investment number, have impact on the economic competitiveness of IGCC；Another aspect gasification furnace is high-temperature slag Discharge air flow bed, investment is high, and oxygen consumption is high, and hot operation status devices degradation, fault rate are increased sharply, and the waste heat recovery of gasification gas is difficult Degree is big, and slag tap operation difficulty is big, the difficult recovery of waste heat, Quench sewage disposal difficulty are big；Another further aspect, combustion gas wet method low temperature is net Change, high-temperature fuel gas heat utilization rate in lifting repeatedly is low, and secondary sewage quantity is larger；Finally, air separation unit and gasification furnace, combustion gas The big key equipment of turbine generator group three links, and fault rate will be multiplied, and influences the long period even running of IGCC Plant, such as Chinese Huaneng Group Tianjin IGCC Demonstration Stations run unstable always after going into operation, just operate less than half a year, must just stop production more than two The moon carries out large repairs, so that the bottleneck as IGCC technology industrial application.
In order to save the cost and energy loss of nitrogen oxygen separating, simple flow, overall unit efficiency, reduction are greatly improved IGCC power stations unit Ks W investments, coal air gasification technology and efficient combustion gas -- steam combined cycle power generating system combine with it is integrated IGCC technology direction turn into current study hotspot both domestic and external and emphasis.Japan such as completion in 2007 does not carry out (nakoso) hair Electric No. 10 machines of institute are exactly the southern electric power of IGCC technology and the U.S. based on air gas of installed capacity 250mw based on sky The IGCC technology of gas conveying bed gasification, but because fuel gases calorific value is closely related with working gas initial temperature, these air gasization are equal There is the low (1200Kcal/Nm of fuel gases calorific value3Left and right), it is impossible to meet the gas heating value requirement of Modern high throughput gas turbine power generation (it is more than 1350Kcal/Nm3), as Japan does not would have to using the poorly efficient jet dynamic control of 1200 DEG C of initial temperature to generate electricity； In addition to phenol wastewater secondary pollution and the flying dust reduction carbon gasification conversion ratio that gasified tar is produced are eliminated, it is general using high Geothermal liquid deslagging, operation difficulty is big under equipment high temperature, fault rate is high, and sewage quantity is big and difficult, have impact on based on air gas The competitiveness of the IGCC technology of change.
3. the content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is exactly to be provided based on fine coal air classification to overcome the shortcomings of existing IGCC technology to exist The Integrated gasification combined TRT of pyrolytic gasification, had both solved existing IGCC technology investment, power transmission high with space division energy loss high The problem that efficiency is low and three machines linkage fault rate is high is held, again can be integrated with the high-efficiency gas turbine of initial temperature high, simple flow, Increase substantially overall unit efficiency, reduce the unit K W investments of IGCC power stations, improve the normal utilization of capacity, reduce sewage growing amount.
Technical scheme：
Based on the Integrated gasification combined TRT of fine coal air classification pyrolytic gasification, it is distributed by carrying circulation fluidized bed, gas Device, pressurization conveying system, pulverizer, first order gas-solid separator, material returning device, second level gas-solid separator, air flow bed, returning charge Mouth, carrying bed reactor, turbulent fluidized bed, gas heat-exchanger, high-temperature mobile bed, burner, gas turbine, air intake, one Level aerostatic press, two grades of aerostatic presses, softening water inlet, heat recovery boiler, steam turbine, generator, cooling water inlet, cooling waters go out The compositions such as mouth, heat exchange feed bin, flow control valve and chimney；The front end for carrying circulation fluidized bed is sequentially provided with raw coal pulverizer and pressurizes defeated Material system, the outlet of pressurization conveying system accesses the feeding-in solid body mouthful carried in the middle part of circulation fluidized bed；Carry circulation fluidized bed bottom and be provided with gas Body distributor and ash releasing tube, the position away from bottom 300-1000mm are provided with returning charge mouth, away from the position of the upward 300-3000mm of returning charge mouth The air flow bed of Y types connection is installed, the position away from the upward 500-3000mm of air flow bed is provided with feeding-in solid body mouthful, and top is provided with two grades Gas-solid separator；Equipped with heat exchange feed bin under ash releasing tube, heat exchange feed bin side sets cooling water inlet and coolant outlet, and bottom leads to Inflow-rate of water turbine controlling valve is reversely connected with pressurization conveying system；The cinder circulation pipe of first order gas-solid separator passes through material returning device and takes Returning charge mouth with circulation fluidized bed bottom is connected, and the fine ash circulation pipe of second level gas-solid separator passes through material returning device and air flow bed phase Even, gas-solid separator gas vent in the second level is connected by gas heat-exchanger with high-temperature mobile bed；Burner, gas turbine and two Level aerostatic press, one-level aerostatic press and generating set into Gas Turbine Generating Units；The outlet of high-temperature mobile bed and one-level compressor A way outlet with burner connect, burner outlet access gas turbine, gas turbine outlet pass through heat recovery boiler Access smoke stack emission；Gas turbine and two grades of aerostatic presses, one-level aerostatic press and generator coaxle formulas couple linkage successively, and air enters Mouthful one-level aerostatic press is accessed, a way outlet of one-level aerostatic press is connected with burner, another way outlet two grades of aerostatic presses of access；It is soft Change the entrance that water inlet accesses steam turbine by heat recovery boiler, steam turbine couples linkage with generator；The outlet of steam turbine The gas distributor air inlet pipe UNICOM with carrying circulation fluidized bed bottom is exported with two grades of aerostatic presses.
Carrying circulation fluidized bed is by the turbulent fluidized bed of bottom and the carrying reactor on top and carries reactor lower part Y The air flow bed of type connection is combined, and turbulent fluidized bed equivalent diameter is larger, and carrying reactor equivalent diameter is smaller, diameter ratio It is 2~3：1；It both can be the homogeneous straight tube reactor of equivalent diameter, or by a diameter of different equivalents to carry reactor The size straight tube of diameter multiple is formed by connecting by concentric reducer pipe fitting, and the diameter ratio of size straight tube is 1.2~2：1；Air flow bed Equivalent diameter is only the 10%-50% of turbulent fluidized bed equivalent diameter.
The reaction temperature of turbulent fluidized bed is 800-1200 DEG C, and the reaction temperature of air flow bed is 1200-1600 DEG C, carries anti- The reaction temperature at the feeding-in solid body mouthful of device is answered for 700-1000 DEG C, the reaction temperature for carrying reactor top is 600-900 DEG C, The reaction temperature of heat exchange bin outlet is no more than 100 DEG C.
The feed coal that pulverizer is crushed is the one kind or mixture in lignite, bituminous coal long or bituminous coal, and granularity is small after crushing In the coal dust of 5mm.
Pressurization conveying system is dry powder force (forcing) pump or coal lock pressurizing feeder.
After carrying pressure, the outlet pressure of two-stage compressor, exhaust steam in steam turbine pressure and the coal dust pressurization conveying of circulation fluidized bed Pressure is identical, the outlet pressure 0.1-0.6MPa higher than the outlet pressure of one-level compressor of two-stage compressor.
One-level compressor forced air is 2 with the mass ratio of two-stage compressor forced air:1-0.7.
Embodiment is described the features of the present invention by the present invention in detail.
4. illustrate
Accompanying drawing 1 is process schematic representation of the invention.
The drawing of accompanying drawing 1 sets bright as follows：
1st, circulation fluidized bed 2, gas distributor 3, pressurization conveying system 4, pulverizer 5, first order gas-solid separator are carried 6th, material returning device 7, second level gas-solid separator 8, air flow bed 9, returning charge mouth, 10, carrying bed reactor 11, turbulent fluidized bed 12nd, gas heat-exchanger 13, the high-temperature mobile bed 14, gas turbine 16 of burner 15., air intake 17, one-level aerostatic press 18th, two grades of aerostatic presses 19, softening water inlet 20, heat recovery boiler 21, steam turbines 22, generators 23, cooling water inlet 24th, coolant outlet 25, heat exchange feed bin 26, flow control valve 27, chimney
With reference to the accompanying drawings and examples in detail device characteristic of the invention is described in detail.
5. specific embodiment
Embodiment, based on the Integrated gasification combined TRT of fine coal air classification pyrolytic gasification, by carrying circulation fluidized bed 1, Gas distributor 2, pressurization conveying system 3, pulverizer 4, first order gas-solid separator 5, material returning device 6, second level gas-solid separator 7th, air flow bed 8, returning charge mouth 9, carrying bed reactor 10, turbulent fluidized bed 11, gas heat-exchanger 12, high-temperature mobile bed 13, burning Device 14, gas turbine 15, air intake 16,17, two grades of aerostatic presses 18 of one-level aerostatic press, softening water inlet 19, Waste Heat Recovery pot Stove 20), steam turbine 21), generator 22), cooling water inlet 23), coolant outlet 24), heat exchange feed bin 25), flow control valve 26) constituted with the grade of chimney 27；The front end for carrying circulation fluidized bed 1 is sequentially provided with the pulverizer 4 and pressurization conveying system 3 of raw coal, pressurization The outlet of conveying system 3 accesses the feeding-in solid body mouthful for carrying the middle part of circulation fluidized bed 1；Carry the bottom of circulation fluidized bed 1 and be provided with gas distributor 2 And ash releasing tube, the position away from bottom 300-1000mm is provided with returning charge mouth 6, and the position away from the upward 300-3000mm of returning charge mouth 6 is provided with Y The air flow bed 8 of type connection, the position away from the upward 500-3000mm of air flow bed 8 is provided with feeding-in solid body mouthful, and top is provided with two grades of gas-solids Separator；The cinder circulation pipe of first order gas-solid separator 5 is connected by material returning device 6 with the returning charge mouth 9 for carrying the bottom of circulation fluidized bed 1 Logical, the fine ash circulation pipe of second level gas-solid separator 7 is connected by material returning device 6 with air flow bed 8, the gas of second level gas-solid separator 7 Body outlet is connected by gas heat-exchanger 12 with high-temperature mobile bed 13；Burner 14, gas turbine 15 and two grades of aerostatic presses 18, Level aerostatic press 17 and the composition Gas Turbine Generating Units of generator 22；The outlet of high-temperature mobile bed 13 and the one of one-level compressor 17 Way outlet is connected with burner 14, and the outlet of burner 14 accesses gas turbine 15, and the outlet of gas turbine 15 passes through Waste Heat Recovery Boiler 20 accesses chimney 27 and discharges；Gas turbine 15 and two grades of aerostatic presses 18, one-level aerostatic press 17 and the coaxial-types of generator 22 according to Secondary connection linkage, air intake 16 accesses one-level aerostatic press 17, and a way outlet of one-level aerostatic press 17 connects with burner 14, separately One way outlet accesses two grades of aerostatic presses 18；Soften the entrance that water inlet 19 accesses steam turbine 21 by heat recovery boiler 20, vapour Turbine 21 couples linkage with generator 22；The outlet of steam turbine 21 and two grades of aerostatic presses 18 export with carry the bottom of circulation fluidized bed 1 The air inlet pipe UNICOM of gas distributor 2；Equipped with heat exchange feed bin 25 under ash releasing tube, heat exchange feed bin 25 side sets cooling water inlet 23 With coolant outlet 24, bottom is reversely connected by flow control valve 26 with pressurization conveying system 3.
Carrying circulation fluidized bed 1 is by the turbulent fluidized bed 11 of bottom and the carrying reactor 10 on top and carries reactor 10 The air flow bed 8 of bottom Y type connection is combined, and the equivalent diameter of turbulent fluidized bed 11 is larger, carry the equivalent diameter of reactor 10 compared with Small, diameter ratio is 2~3：1；It both can be the homogeneous straight tube reactor of equivalent diameter, or by straight to carry reactor 10 Footpath is that the size straight tube of different equivalent diameter multiples is formed by connecting by concentric reducer pipe fitting, and the diameter ratio of size straight tube is 1.2 ~2：1；(8 equivalent diameters are only the 10%-50% of turbulent fluidized bed (11) equivalent diameter to air flow bed.
The reaction temperature of turbulent fluidized bed (11) is 800-1200 DEG C, and the reaction temperature of air flow bed (8) is 1200-1600 DEG C, (reaction temperature at 10 feeding-in solid body mouthful is 700-1000 DEG C, carries the reactor (reaction on 10 tops to carry reactor Temperature is 600-900 DEG C, and (reaction temperature of 25 outlets is no more than 100 DEG C to heat exchange feed bin.
The feed coal that pulverizer 4 is crushed is the one kind or mixture in lignite, bituminous coal long or bituminous coal, and granularity is small after crushing In the coal dust of 5mm.
Pressurization conveying system 3 is dry powder force (forcing) pump or coal lock pressurizing feeder.
Pressure, the outlet pressure of two-stage compressor 18, the exhaust steam pressure of steam turbine 21 and the coal dust pressurization for carrying circulation fluidized bed 1 are defeated Pressure is identical after material, the outlet pressure 0.1-0.6MPa higher than the outlet pressure of one-level compressor 17 of two-stage compressor 18.
The forced air of one-level compressor 17 is 2 with the mass ratio of the forced air of two-stage compressor 18:1-0.7.
During carrying out practically, feed coal is ground into the coal dust of 0~6mm by pulverizer 4, then by the conveying system that pressurizes 3 enter the carrying middle and lower part of circulation fluidized bed 1 mixes with high-temperature gasification gas and circulating ash, and fine coal hydrocracking is carried out at 700-1000 DEG C Reaction, generates a large amount of methane and a little tar, and flow up to form Matter Transfer together；Cracking oil and gas and gasification gas and circulation Ash mix and is lifted up in bed reactor is carried, and hydrogenation of tar pyrolysis is proceeded at 600-900 DEG C, produces methane and gently Hydrocarbon；The top of circulation fluidized bed 1 is being carried by gas solid separation, the big-and-middle particulate carbonaceous heat ash of high temperature that first order gas-solid separator 5 is separate Returned from returning charge mouth 9 by material returning device 6 and carry the bottom of circulation fluidized bed 1, with two-stage pressurizing hot-air and exhaust steam in steam turbine in 800- There is char Gasification reaction at 1200 DEG C, gasification gas and most high-temp circulating ash again together with flow up to form material and follow Ring；The carbon containing ash of high-temperature fine that second level gas-solid separator 7 is separate is sent to and carries the air flow bed 8 that the middle and lower part Y types of circulation fluidized bed 1 are connected In, the air gasification reaction at 1200~1600 DEG C, generation High Temperature Gas and liquid lime-ash effluent stream bed 8 enter carrying circulation fluidized bed In 1, High Temperature Gas are ramped up into the middle and lower part of circulation fluidized bed 1 is carried, and to carry circulation fluidized bed, (1 fine coal and hydrogenation of tar cracking provide heat Amount；Liquid lime-ash flows downwardly into the circulating ash bed of material for carrying the bottom of circulation fluidized bed 1, and heat exchange is solidified as solid lime-ash, is circulated with carrying The solid material of bed 1 participates in circulation or ash discharge discharge；Second level gas-solid separator 7 separates gas and is exchanged heat by combustion gas as combustion gas After the heat exchange temperature adjustment of device 12, purified by high-temperature mobile 13 dust-removal and desulfurizing dechlorinations of bed and removing heavy-metal；Combustion gas is in burner after purification With the efficient mixing and burning of one-level forced air in 14, propelling gas turbine engine rotates at a high speed, drives two grades of aerostatic presses 18, one-level gas Press 17 and generator 22 are operated；Dust-collecting air pressurizes from air intake 16 into one-level aerostatic press 17, pressurization rear portion be allocated as The combustion air of gas turbine 15, partly into two grades of repressurizations of aerostatic press 18；The high-temperature flue gas of gas turbine 15 are by useless Thimble-tube boiler 20 will soften after the water that adds of water inlet 19 is heated into high steam, be discharged by chimney 27；High steam is pushed away Dynamic steam turbine 21 rotates and drives generator 22 to generate electricity, and the electricity that gas electricity generator and steam turbine generator are produced is sent outside as product； The exhaust steam of steam turbine 21 and secondary high-pressure hot-air are entered by carrying the gas distributor 2 of the bottom of circulation fluidized bed 1, and semicoke is in 800- 1200 DEG C issue raw gasification reaction；Small part high-temp circulating ash enters heat exchange feed bin 25 from the ash releasing tube for carrying the bottom of circulation fluidized bed 1, Entered from cooling water inlet 23, the cooling water heat exchange that coolant outlet 24 is discharged cools to less than 100 DEG C, from heat exchange feed bin 25 Bottom regulates and controls the timing of low-temperature circulating ash by the conveying system reversely outer row that pressurizes by flow control valve 26.
Integrated gasification combined TRT based on fine coal air classification pyrolytic gasification provided by the present invention, by carrying Combustion gas and dry ash extraction and high-temperature mobile bed gas-purification of the classification pyrolytic gasification production of circulation fluidized bed fine coal rich in methane, can Meet the requirement of the combustion gas heat of the high-efficiency gas turbine of initial temperature high, both solved existing IGCC technology and invested too high and space division energy The problem that source loss is high, sending end efficiency is low and three machines linkage fault rate is high, again can be with the high-efficiency gas turbine of initial temperature high Integrated, simple flow increases substantially overall unit efficiency, reduces the unit K W investments of IGCC power stations, improves the normal utilization of capacity, subtracts Few water consumption and sewage growing amount；Other gasifier operation is easy, and the oxygen low, gasification efficiency of consumption is high, and the intensity of gasification is big, equipment body Product is small, and steel consumption is low, and fixed investment is substantially reduced, and ash discharge process is simple.

Claims (7)

1. based on fine coal air classification pyrolytic gasification Integrated gasification combined TRT, by carrying circulation fluidized bed, gas distributor, Pressurization conveying system, pulverizer, first order gas-solid separator, material returning device, second level gas-solid separator, air flow bed, returning charge mouth, take Band bed reactor, turbulent fluidized bed, gas heat-exchanger, high-temperature mobile bed, burner, gas turbine, air intake, one-level air pressure Machine, two grades of aerostatic presses, soften water inlet, heat recovery boiler, steam turbine, generator, cooling water inlet, coolant outlet, change Hot aggregate bin, flow control valve and chimney etc. are constituted, and its technical characteristic is that the front end for carrying circulation fluidized bed is sequentially provided with raw coal pulverizer With pressurization conveying system, the feeding-in solid body mouthful in the middle part of the outlet access carrying circulation fluidized bed of pressurization conveying system；Carry circulation fluidized bed bottom Portion is provided with gas distributor and ash releasing tube, and the position away from bottom 300-1000mm is provided with returning charge mouth, away from the upward 300- of returning charge mouth The position of 3000mm is provided with the air flow bed of Y types connection, and the position away from the upward 500-3000mm of air flow bed is provided with feeding-in solid body mouthful, top Portion is provided with two grades of gas-solid separators；Equipped with heat exchange feed bin under ash releasing tube, heat exchange feed bin side sets cooling water inlet and cooling water Outlet, bottom is reversely connected by flow control valve with pressurization conveying system；The cinder circulation pipe of first order gas-solid separator leads to Cross material returning device and be connected with the returning charge mouth for carrying circulation fluidized bed bottom, the fine ash circulation pipe of second level gas-solid separator passes through material returning device It is connected with air flow bed, second level gas-solid separator gas vent is connected by gas heat-exchanger with high-temperature mobile bed；Burner, combustion Gas-turbine and two grades of aerostatic presses, one-level aerostatic press and generating sets into Gas Turbine Generating Units；High-temperature mobile bed outlet and One way outlet of one-level compressor is connected with burner, and burner outlet accesses gas turbine, and gas turbine outlet is by useless Thimble-tube boiler accesses smoke stack emission；Gas turbine and two grades of aerostatic presses, one-level aerostatic press and generator coaxle formulas couple successively Linkage, air intake accesses one-level aerostatic press, and a way outlet of one-level aerostatic press is connected with burner, another way outlet access two Level aerostatic press；Soften the entrance that water inlet accesses steam turbine by heat recovery boiler, steam turbine couples linkage with generator；Vapour The outlet of turbine and the outlet of two grades of aerostatic presses with the gas distributor air inlet pipe UNICOM of carrying circulation fluidized bed bottom.
2. the Integrated gasification combined TRT based on fine coal air classification pyrolytic gasification according to claim 1, it is special Levy is to carry circulation fluidized bed to be by the turbulent fluidized bed of bottom and the carrying reactor on top and carry reactor lower part Y types The air flow bed of connection is combined, and turbulent fluidized bed equivalent diameter is larger, and carrying reactor equivalent diameter is smaller, and diameter ratio is 2~3：1；It both can be the homogeneous straight tube reactor of equivalent diameter, or straight by a diameter of different equivalents to carry reactor The size straight tube of footpath multiple is formed by connecting by concentric reducer pipe fitting, and the diameter ratio of size straight tube is 1.2~2：1；Air flow bed is worked as Amount diameter is only the 10%-50% of turbulent fluidized bed equivalent diameter.
3. the Integrated gasification combined TRT based on fine coal air classification pyrolytic gasification according to claim 1, it is special Levy be turbulent fluidized bed reaction temperature for 800-1200 DEG C, the reaction temperature of air flow bed is 1200-1600 DEG C, carries reaction Reaction temperature at the feeding-in solid body mouthful of device is 700-1000 DEG C, and the reaction temperature for carrying reactor top is 600-900 DEG C, is changed The reaction temperature of hot aggregate bin outlet is no more than 100 DEG C.
4. the Integrated gasification combined TRT based on fine coal air classification pyrolytic gasification according to claim 1, it is special Levy is that pressurization conveying system is dry powder force (forcing) pump or coal lock pressurizing feeder.
5. the Integrated gasification combined TRT based on fine coal air classification pyrolytic gasification according to claim 1, it is special It is that the feed coal that pulverizer is crushed is the one kind or mixture in lignite, bituminous coal long or bituminous coal to levy, after crushing granularity be less than The coal dust of 5mm.
6. the Integrated gasification combined TRT based on fine coal air classification pyrolytic gasification according to claim 1, it is special It is pressure after pressure, the outlet pressure of two-stage compressor, exhaust steam in steam turbine pressure and the coal dust pressurization conveying for carrying circulation fluidized bed to levy Power is identical, the outlet pressure 0.1-0.6MPa higher than the outlet pressure of one-level compressor of two-stage compressor.
7. the Integrated gasification combined TRT based on fine coal air classification pyrolytic gasification according to claim 1, it is special It is one-level compressor forced air to levy and the mass ratio of two-stage compressor forced air is 2:1-0.7.
CN201710171667.1A 2017-03-22 2017-03-22 Integrated gasification combined power generating device based on air staging pyrolysis gasification of pulverized coal Pending CN106701205A (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106190333A (en) * 2016-07-18 2016-12-07 中国石油大学(华东) Integrated gasification combined TRT based on fine coal air classification pyrolytic gasification

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