CN106698567B - Solar power generation and seawater desalination device combining condenser and wind machine - Google Patents
Solar power generation and seawater desalination device combining condenser and wind machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN106698567B CN106698567B CN201710033417.1A CN201710033417A CN106698567B CN 106698567 B CN106698567 B CN 106698567B CN 201710033417 A CN201710033417 A CN 201710033417A CN 106698567 B CN106698567 B CN 106698567B
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- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 86
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 238000010612 desalination reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 3
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- 238000005381 potential energy Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 5
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- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
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- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000110 cooling liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
- C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
- C02F1/14—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation using solar energy
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/08—Seawater, e.g. for desalination
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
- Y02A20/138—Water desalination using renewable energy
- Y02A20/141—Wind power
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
- Y02A20/138—Water desalination using renewable energy
- Y02A20/142—Solar thermal; Photovoltaics
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/20—Controlling water pollution; Waste water treatment
- Y02A20/208—Off-grid powered water treatment
- Y02A20/212—Solar-powered wastewater sewage treatment, e.g. spray evaporation
Abstract
The invention discloses a solar power generation and sea water desalination device combining a condenser and a wind machine.A bottom groove of a sea water heat storage layer absorbs solar radiation to heat sea water, the sea water is evaporated into vapor which is carried by airflow flowing in from an inlet of a heat collection shed, damp and hot air enters a condenser at the bottom of a chimney through the heat collection shed, the temperature of the damp and hot air is reduced through heat exchange of a heat exchange wall surface, and separated liquid water is finally collected by a fresh water storage pool, so that the sea water desalination effect is improved; the heat-exchanged air drives the turbine to rotate to do work under the action of the chimney effect, the turbine consumes most of pressure potential energy and part of kinetic energy of airflow, the rest small part of pressure potential energy and kinetic energy are used for driving the airflow to escape towards the outlet of the chimney, when the blades of the H-shaped vertical axis wind turbine are blown by high-altitude wind to rotate, the blades of the ventilator are also driven to rotate, and the negative pressure generated by the rotating blades of the ventilator further increases the pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the chimney, so that the discharge of hot airflow which does work in the chimney is accelerated, and the chimney effect is strengthened.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power generation and seawater desalination by utilizing solar energy, in particular to a solar power generation and seawater desalination device combining a condenser and a wind machine.
Background
solar energy is one of new energy and renewable energy, has the advantages of cleanness, environmental protection, persistence and long time, becomes one of important choices for people to deal with energy shortage, climate change and energy conservation and emission reduction, and is more and more strongly concerned by people in the world.
The solar energy is utilized to generate electricity and desalt seawater, and the solar energy can be fully utilized. The existing device for generating power and desalinating seawater by using solar energy, as disclosed in patent 200810021605.3, combines the solar power generation device and the solar desalinating seawater device together, so as to improve the conversion efficiency of solar energy and simultaneously add fresh water output, so that the seawater desalination has more economic benefit, but the utilization efficiency is low due to the fact that the water vapor is condensed into fresh water by means of a transparent cover plate, and no end waste of heat energy is caused. And in the solar chimney power generation system, under the condition that the chimney height and the heat collecting shed radius are fixed, the air flow density difference between the inside and the outside of the system is a main factor influencing the magnitude of the pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the system. Because the air density is small, although the system can obtain considerable temperature difference between the internal air flow and the external air flow, the density difference between the internal air flow and the external air flow is not large, so that the pressure difference between the internal air flow and the external air flow is not large, the increase of the generated energy of the system is restricted, and the system is not enough.
Disclosure of Invention
the invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provides a solar power generation and seawater desalination device combined with a condenser and a wind turbine.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a solar power generation and seawater desalination device combining a condenser and a wind machine, which is characterized by comprising a heat collecting shed, a condenser, a turbine, a chimney and a wind power generation device;
The heat collecting shed comprises a heat collecting shed bottom plate and a heat collecting shed cover plate covering the heat collecting shed bottom plate, and a horn-shaped flow guide cavity is formed between the heat collecting shed cover plate and the heat collecting shed bottom plate; the outer ring of the diversion cavity is an inlet of the diversion cavity, and the inner ring of the diversion cavity is an outlet of the diversion cavity; the bottom of the heat collecting shed is provided with a fresh water storage pool and a heat accumulation layer, and the heat accumulation layer is positioned on the periphery of the fresh water storage pool;
The condenser is arranged at the center of the flow guide cavity and comprises a plurality of layers of heat exchange wall surfaces arranged along the arc shape of the inner wall of the heat collecting shed cover plate, and the heat exchange wall surfaces of all layers are arranged at intervals; the top end of each layer of heat exchange wall surface is communicated with a shunt pipe, and a water pump introduces the seawater in the seawater pool into the shunt pipe; the tail end of each layer of heat exchange wall surface is communicated with a collecting pipe, and the outlet of the collecting pipe is communicated with a heat storage layer positioned at the bottom; fresh water collecting tanks are arranged below the tail ends of the heat exchange wall surfaces of all the layers and are communicated by a diversion inner pipe, and the outlet of the diversion inner pipe is communicated with a fresh water storage pool;
The chimney is a vertical hollow cylinder, the outlet of the flow guide cavity is communicated with the lower port of the chimney, and the turbine is arranged at the center of the communication of the outlet of the flow guide cavity and the lower port of the chimney; a wind power generation device is arranged at the center of the upper port of the chimney;
The wind power generation device comprises a ventilator and a wind turbine, wherein the wind turbine is arranged above the ventilator, the rotating central shafts of the turbine, the ventilator and the wind turbine are overlapped with the central shaft of the chimney, and blades of the wind turbine are rigidly connected with blades of the ventilator to drive the blades of the ventilator to rotate.
furthermore, each layer of heat exchange wall surface comprises a circular cavity formed by an inner layer wall surface and an outer layer wall surface, and the cavity is divided into a plurality of condensate flow channels by baffles which are uniformly arranged along the circumference.
Furthermore, the top ends of the heat exchange wall surfaces of all the layers are positioned on the same horizontal plane, and the tail ends of the heat exchange wall surfaces of all the layers are positioned on the same vertical plane.
Furthermore, the collecting pipe comprises circular second branch pipes corresponding to the tail ends of the heat exchange wall surfaces of all the layers, all the second branch pipes are communicated through vertically arranged second main pipes, and the tail end outlets of the second main pipes are communicated with the seawater heat storage layer.
Furthermore, one end of the fresh water collecting tank is positioned below the lower surface of the tail end of the heat exchange wall surface, the surface of the fresh water collecting tank is in a streamline shape, and the other end of the fresh water collecting tank is in a hook shape and is opposite to the tail end opening of the heat exchange wall surface.
Furthermore, a cover plate is arranged above the fresh water storage pool.
further, the ventilator is an axial-flow ventilator, and the wind turbine is an H-shaped vertical axis wind turbine.
furthermore, the fan blades are vertically connected with the wind turbine blades in a one-to-one correspondence manner.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the invention uses seawater as cooling liquid, not only realizes the condensation of damp and hot air and the precipitation of fresh water by utilizing the seawater, but also enables the condenser to preheat the seawater in turn, thereby fully utilizing energy; the H-shaped vertical axis wind turbine and the ventilator are integrally structured, so that not only is high-altitude wind resources utilized for generating electricity, but also negative pressure in the chimney is increased, and therefore the generating capacity of the solar chimney generating system is improved. The flow dividing pipes and the collecting pipes have the function of uniformly distributing flow, the heat exchange effect of the heat exchange wall surface is enhanced, and the heat exchange efficiency of the condenser is improved. The invention realizes the comprehensive utilization of solar energy and wind energy on one hand, and realizes the output of fresh water on the other hand, thereby solving the water supply problem in water-deficient areas.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the power generation and seawater desalination plant of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the construction of the condenser of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the heat exchange wall in the condenser;
FIG. 4 is a top view of a shunt tube in the condenser;
FIG. 5 is a front view of a manifold in the condenser;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the configuration of the fresh water collection tank in the condenser;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the structure of the wind power plant;
fig. 8 is a plan view of the wind turbine generator.
Reference numerals: 1. a heat storage layer; 11. a flow-limiting valve; 12. a partition plate; 2. a heat collecting shed; 22. a heat collecting shed cover plate; 3. a condenser; 31. a heat exchange wall surface; 311. a baffle plate; 312. a condensate flow channel; 32. a shunt tube; 321. a first trunk pipe; 322. a first branch pipe; 33. a water pump; 34. a collector pipe; 341. a second branch pipe; 342. a second trunk pipe; 35. a fresh water collecting tank; 36. a flow guiding inner pipe; 37. a fresh water storage pool; 38. a cover plate; 4. a turbine; 5. a chimney; 6. a wind power generation device; 61. a main shaft; 62. an upper connecting rod; 63. a wind turbine blade; 64. a support; 65. a generator set; 66. a ventilator blade.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.
In the description of the present patent, it is to be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of describing the present patent and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present patent. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present patent application, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present patent can be understood in a specific case by those skilled in the art.
the solar power generation and seawater desalination device combining the condenser and the wind machine, as shown in fig. 1 to 8, comprises a heat collecting shed 2, a condenser 3, a turbine 4, a chimney 5 and a wind power generation device 6;
The heat collecting shed 2 comprises a heat collecting shed bottom plate and a heat collecting shed cover plate 22 covering the heat collecting shed bottom plate, and a horn-shaped flow guide cavity is formed between the heat collecting shed cover plate 22 and the heat collecting shed bottom plate; the outer ring of the diversion cavity is an inlet of the diversion cavity, and the inner ring of the diversion cavity is an outlet of the diversion cavity; the bottom of the heat collecting shed 1 is provided with a fresh water storage tank 37 and a heat storage layer 1, and the heat storage layer 1 is positioned on the periphery of the fresh water storage tank 37;
The condenser 3 is arranged at the center of the diversion cavity, the condenser 3 comprises a plurality of layers of heat exchange wall surfaces 31 arranged along the arc shape of the inner wall of the heat collecting shed cover plate 22, and the heat exchange wall surfaces 31 of each layer are arranged at intervals; the top end of each layer of heat exchange wall surface 31 is communicated with a shunt pipe 32, and a water pump 33 introduces the seawater in the seawater pool into the shunt pipe 32; the tail end of each layer of heat exchange wall surface 31 is communicated with a collecting pipe 34, and the outlet of the collecting pipe 34 is communicated with a heat storage layer 1 positioned at the bottom; fresh water collecting tanks 35 are arranged below the tail ends of the heat exchange wall surfaces 34 of all layers, the fresh water collecting tanks 35 of all layers are communicated through a diversion inner pipe 36, and the outlets of the diversion inner pipe 36 are communicated with a fresh water storage tank 37;
The chimney 5 is a vertical hollow cylinder, the outlet of the flow guide cavity is communicated with the lower port of the chimney 5, and the turbine 4 is arranged at the center of the communication between the outlet of the flow guide cavity and the lower port of the chimney 5; a wind power generation device 6 is arranged at the center of the upper port of the chimney 5;
The wind power generation device 6 comprises a ventilator and a wind turbine, the wind turbine is arranged above the ventilator, the rotating central shafts of the turbine, the ventilator and the wind turbine are overlapped with the central shaft of the chimney, and blades of the wind turbine are rigidly connected with blades of the ventilator to drive the blades of the ventilator to rotate.
in the present embodiment, the condenser 3 is located at the bottom of the heat collector 2, and its structural view is shown in fig. 2, and it is circularly symmetric around the vertical center of the heat collector. The heat collecting shed 2 is a horn-shaped flow guide cavity formed between the heat collecting shed cover plate 22 and the heat collecting shed bottom plate; the diversion cavity narrows gradually from bottom to top, and the condenser is located the vertical center department in diversion cavity promptly.
The cross-sectional view of the heat exchange wall surface is shown in fig. 3, each layer of heat exchange wall surface 31 includes a circular cavity formed by inner and outer double-layer wall surfaces, the cavity is divided into a plurality of condensate flow channels 312 by baffles 311 uniformly arranged along the circumference, and the inlet of each flow channel is connected with a shunt tube. The top ends of the heat exchange wall surfaces of all layers are positioned on the same horizontal plane, and the tail ends of the heat exchange wall surfaces of all layers are positioned on the same vertical plane.
the structure diagram of the shunt tubes is shown in fig. 4, the shunt tubes are horizontally arranged and comprise circular first branch tubes 322 corresponding to the top ends of the heat exchange wall surfaces of each layer, the first branch tubes of each layer are communicated through first trunk tubes on the radius, and the water inlets of the two first trunk tubes 321 are respectively communicated with a water pump. Under the action of the water pump 33, seawater in the seawater pool flows into the peripheral first main pipe 321 from two sides of the shunt pipe 32, the seawater enters the inner first branch pipe pipeline along the inlet of the peripheral first main pipe pipeline, the first branch pipes of each layer are communicated with each other, the lower part of the first branch pipe pipeline is provided with a connector, the connectors at the lower parts of the shunt pipes correspond to the inner flow channels of the heat exchange wall surface one by one, the diameters of the connectors are small at the top and large at the bottom, and the lower parts of the connectors are just embedded into the inlet of. Each connector is connected with a condensate flow channel in the heat exchange wall surface, so that the seawater can uniformly flow into the heat exchange wall surface 31. The flow can be uniformly distributed by the shunt tubes 32, so that the seawater can uniformly flow into the heat exchange wall surface 31 at a certain flow velocity, the heat exchange effect of the heat exchange wall surface is enhanced, and the heat exchange efficiency of the condenser is improved.
The structure of the collecting pipe is as shown in fig. 5, the collecting pipe 34 is vertically arranged and comprises circular second branch pipes 341 corresponding to the tail ends of the heat exchange wall surfaces of the layers, the second branch pipes 341 of each layer are communicated through second main pipes 342 vertically arranged, and the tail end outlets of the second main pipes 342 are communicated with the seawater heat storage layer 1. Each layer of second branch pipe is in a ring shape, the radius of each layer of second branch pipe is the same, a connector is arranged on each layer of second branch pipe, each connector is connected with an outlet at the tail end of the heat exchange wall surface 31, and seawater flows into the seawater heat storage layer after passing through the collecting pipe 34. The collecting pipe plays the effect of evenly distributed flow, has strengthened the heat transfer effect of heat transfer wall, has improved the heat exchange efficiency of condenser.
In order to control the amount of seawater in the seawater heat storage layer, a pipeline extends from the inside of the seawater heat storage layer to an external seawater pool, and a flow limiting valve 11 is installed in the pipeline. The flow limiting valve 11 controls the flow rate of the seawater heat storage layer to ensure that the seawater heat storage layer is at the same horizontal height.
the structure of the fresh water collecting tank 35 is as shown in fig. 6, one end of the fresh water collecting tank 35 is located below the lower surface of the tail end of the heat exchange wall surface 31, the surface of the fresh water collecting tank is streamline, the obstruction of the wet and hot air flow can be reduced, the other end of the fresh water collecting tank is hook-shaped and is opposite to the tail end opening of the heat exchange wall surface, the evaporation of fresh water is reduced, the height of the hook is equal to the diameter of the heat exchange wall surface, and. The fresh water collecting tank is formed by rotating the cross section of the fresh water collecting tank by 360 degrees along the central vertical shaft of the heat collecting shed as shown in the figure. The fresh water collecting tank 35 is integrally located at the lower right side of the heat exchange wall surface 31 and placed along the arc-shaped slope of the heat exchange wall surface to form a shape covering the end opening of the heat exchange wall surface 31, so that the fresh water left along the upper surface and the lower surface of the heat exchange wall surface falls into the fresh water collecting tank 35. Each layer of fresh water collecting tank 35 is provided with an opening at the bottom so that fresh water can flow downwards, and the openings of the fresh water collecting tanks 35 at all layers are connected with a diversion inner pipe 36 so that the fresh water flows downwards through the diversion inner pipe 36.
the fresh water storage tank 37 is positioned at the bottom of the heat collecting shed, and a partition plate 38 is vertically arranged between the fresh water storage tank 37 and the seawater heat storage layer 1. A cover plate 38 is arranged above the fresh water storage pool, and evaporation loss of fresh water can be reduced due to the cover plate 38.
The wind power generation device is structurally shown in fig. 7 and 8, the wind turbine is an H-shaped vertical axis wind turbine, the wind turbine comprises a central main shaft 61, an upper connecting rod 62, wind turbine blades 63 and a generator set 65, the central line of the central main shaft 61 coincides with the central line of the chimney 5, the central main shaft 61 extends towards the interior of the chimney 5 and is fixed with the wall of the chimney through a support 64, the wind turbine comprises 5 vertical wind turbine blades 63 which are uniformly distributed along the circumference of the central main shaft 61, the rotating radius of the wind turbine blades 63 is the same as that of the chimney 5, the upper ends of the 5 wind turbine blades are rigidly connected through the horizontal upper connecting rod 62, and the generator set 65 is installed at.
The ventilator is an axial flow ventilator, and the ventilator includes 5 ventilator blades 66, and the ventilator blades 66 are rigidly connected with the wind turbine blades 63 in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and simultaneously serve as connecting rods at the lower ends of the wind turbine blades 63, so that the ventilator blades 66 and the wind turbine blades 63 rotate together.
The working principle of the condenser for seawater desalination is as follows: external air flows into the heat collecting shed 2 through the inlet of the heat collecting shed, the bottom groove of the seawater heat accumulation layer 1 absorbs solar radiation in the daytime, seawater is evaporated and intensified to form damp and hot air due to the rising of the temperature of the seawater, and the damp and hot air enters the condenser 3 along the flow guide cavity in the heat collecting shed 2. Meanwhile, the seawater in the remote seawater pool enters the shunt tubes 32 under the action of the water pump 33, the seawater uniformly flows into the heat exchange wall surfaces 31 of each layer through the shunt tubes 32, and the hot and humid air exchanges part of heat to the seawater when passing through the heat exchange wall surfaces 31, so that the temperature of the hot and humid air is reduced, and liquid water is separated out. Liquid water flows down along the outer surface of the heat exchange wall surface 31 and is collected by the fresh water collecting tank 35, the fresh water collecting tank 35 is in a hook shape and has smooth transition, the interference on the flow of hot air is small, the evaporation loss of the collected fresh water is small, and finally the fresh water flows into the fresh water storage tank 37 along the diversion inner pipe 36.
The seawater flowing through the heat exchange wall surface 31 absorbs heat of the hot and humid air to be heated, and flows into the seawater heat storage layer 1 along the header pipe 34, so that the seawater in the seawater heat storage layer has a certain initial temperature, and the condenser preheats the seawater. During the day, the temperature of the seawater in the seawater heat storage layer is increased continuously to intensify the evaporation, so that continuous damp and hot air enters the condenser. The water pipe extending to the outside of the collecting pipe 34 plays a role of controlling the flow, and when the seawater heat storage layer exceeds the rated height, the flow limiting valve 11 stops limiting the flow, and the redundant seawater is discharged to the outside seawater pool.
Seawater in the seawater pool is preheated by the heat exchange wall surface 31 and then is supplemented into the seawater heat storage layer, and meanwhile, a seawater inlet also supplements seawater at a certain speed, so that a seawater layer is kept at a certain height, the concentration of evaporated salt in the upper layer of seawater rises, therefore, the concentration of the upper layer of salt is greater than that of the lower layer of salt in the daytime, upward transfer of heat is inhibited, and more heat absorbed by a bottom groove of the seawater heat storage layer is kept. To evening, the evaporation of upper seawater slows down, and along with the continuous settlement of salinity, lower floor's salt concentration is greater than upper salt concentration, and the heat begins faster transmission that makes progress to guaranteed that the sea water layer still can maintain higher temperature night, and the strong brine of sea water heat accumulation layer kerve passes through the strong brine export and discharges, has formed a simple and easy solar pond system.
The water vapor formed by the evaporation of the seawater is carried by the air flow flowing into the heat collecting shed 2, the moisture content of the air flow is continuously increased in the process that the air flow continuously flows forwards, and the relative humidity reaches saturation before the air flow reaches the bottom of the chimney 5. When the saturated hot air flow flows to the bottom of the chimney 5, the density of the air flow is reduced, the density difference between the inside and the outside of the system is increased, and the chimney effect is intensified, so that the air flow rises and flows into the condenser 3, and meanwhile, the external air is continuously supplemented through the inlet of the heat collecting shed 2 to achieve dynamic balance. As the saturated hot gas stream flows through the heat exchange wall 31 in the condenser 3, the temperature of the gas stream drops and liquid water is precipitated, which is finally collected in the fresh water reservoir 37.
The density difference and the pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the system at the bottom of the chimney 5 are the largest, so that the axial-flow turbine 4 is arranged at the bottom, and the ascending air flow pushes blades of the turbine 4 to rotate and drives a corresponding generator to generate electricity. The turbine 4 consumes most of pressure potential energy and part of kinetic energy of hot air flow, and the remaining small part of pressure potential energy and kinetic energy are used for driving the hot air flow to continuously rise along the chimney 5, the temperature of the air flow is gradually reduced in the rising process, enthalpy drop is converted into gravitational potential energy, the speed of the air flow is slightly reduced, and then the hot air flow flows into the H-shaped vertical axis wind turbine and ventilator integral structure 6.
because of the high wind speed in the high air, the high natural wind pushes the blades of the H-shaped vertical axis wind turbine above the chimney 5 to rotate and drives the corresponding generator set 65 to generate electricity.
Because the blades 63 of the H-shaped vertical axis wind turbine are rigidly connected with the fan blades 66, the fan blades 66 are driven to rotate together when the wind turbine blades 63 rotate, so that the fan works normally. The negative pressure generated by the rotating ventilator blades 66 accelerates the discharge of the hot air flow which has done work in the chimney, the pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the chimney is further increased, the chimney effect is strengthened, and the output power of the turbine 4 is improved.
the prototype size of the Spanish solar power station is adopted, and in the Spanish solar chimney prototype, the height of a chimney is 200m, the diameter of the chimney is 10m, the diameter of a heat collecting shed is 250m, the inlet height is 2m, and the outlet height is 8 m. To compare the total output power of a single solar chimney power plant, a combined solar chimney, a ventilator, and a wind turbine power plant, and a combined condenser and wind turbine solar thermal air flow power plant of the present invention.
Taking data of Spanish prototype power station: chimney height Hch200m, chimney radius Rch5m, heat collecting shed radius Rcoll＝125m。
At the same time, the same meteorological conditions are taken in the comparison, and the average solar radiation intensity I is 1000W/m2outside air temperature Ta298.15K. In the formula, etacFor the efficiency of the heat collector, ηc＝0.32；Cpis the specific heat capacity of air, Cp1000J/(kg. DEG C); ρ is the air density, and is assumed to be a constant value ρ of 1.225kg/m3(ii) a g is gravity acceleration, g is 9.81m/s2(ii) a Eta is the gas flow conversion efficiency, and eta is 0.4.
The relevant data for a single solar chimney power station is as follows:
Temperature rise from inlet to outlet of heat collecting shedWherein m is the mass flow rate of the gas,
Mass flow rate m ═ ρ π Rch 2v, where v is the air flow rate,
Air velocity
Substituting the data into the above 3 equations, and solving the simultaneous equations to obtain:
ΔT＝12.652K,m＝1241.51Kg/s,v＝12.904m/s
Relative pressure difference at turbine
The airflow power P is delta P multiplied by m/rho is 99.156kW,
The output power N is equal to eta multiplied by P is equal to 39.66 kW.
The data relating to a power plant combining a solar chimney, a ventilator and a wind turbine are as follows:
The H-shaped vertical axis wind turbine has the following design parameters: the diameter d of the impeller is 10m, the length l of the blade is 15m, the rated wind speed v is 15m/s, the rated rotating speed n is 200rpm, and the wind energy utilization coefficient Cp＝0.15。
Wind power
h-type vertical axis wind turbine output power N ═ CpPw＝37.21kW，
The rotating speed of the axial-flow fan is the same as that of the H-type vertical shaft fan, wherein n 'is 200rpm, and the diameter d' is 10 m. Under the premise that the mass flow rate m is 1241.51kg/s as a constant value, namely, the air volume V is mx3600/rhoa＝3.65×106m3Bars of/h, n '200 rpm, d' 10mUnder the condition, a certain type of vertical axis axial flow fan is selected, the obtained negative pressure is between 30Pa and 40Pa, and the negative pressure delta P' is 35 Pa.
the output power N ″ ═ η mx (Δ P + Δ P')/ρ ═ 53.851kW, which is increased by 14.191kW and 35.8% compared to the output power of a single solar chimney plant. And the total output power N of the power generation deviceall＝N′+N″＝91.061kW。
The solar hot air flow power generation device combining the condenser and the wind turbine has the following relevant data:
The design parameters of the H-shaped vertical axis wind turbine and the axial flow fan are the same as the design parameters.
numerical simulations in ANSIS FLUENT 15 yielded: the humidity of the hot air flow reaches saturation before the hot air flow reaches the bottom of the chimney; the temperature of the air flow before entering the condenser is T1310.802K, the temperature of the air flow leaving the condenser is T2308.556K, the density rho' of the hot saturated humid air is 1.195Kg/m3。
Inquiring the moisture content meter of saturated humid air at different temperatures under standard atmospheric pressure can obtain: when T is1310.802K, moisture content Q143.1 g/Kg; when T is2308.556K, moisture content Q2＝37.5g/Kg。
At this time: Δ T' 10.406K
m′＝ρ′πRch 2v′＝1098.39Kg/s
P″＝(ΔP″+ΔP′)m/ρ′＝104.85KW
N″′＝ηP″＝41.940KW
N′all＝N″′+N′＝79.15KW
When the water yield R ═ m' × (43.1-37.5) ═ 6150.984g/s and the dividing wall condenser efficiency is generally 20%, the actual water yield R ═ α × R ═ 307.55g/s ═ 4428.71Kg/h ═ 4.43ton/h
Compared with a power generation device combining a solar chimney, a ventilator and a wind turbine, although the total output power of the device is reduced by 11.911KW, 4.43 tons of fresh water can be produced per hour, and the water supply problem in a water-deficient area is improved.
theoretical calculation shows that the comprehensive utilization rate of solar energy in the combined seawater desalination solar chimney power generation system driven by the wind power pressurization system is greatly improved. To further prove the superiority of the invention, the spanish prototype size is used for modeling, and numerical simulation is carried out in ANSYS FLUENT 15, and the specific simulation process refers to the numerical simulation of the thermal performance of the seawater desalination solar chimney combined power generation system (thermal power generation, volume 45, No. 1, 2016, 1 month). Simulation results show that: the power generation capacity of the solar hot air flow power generation device combining the condenser and the wind turbine is improved by 2.28kW compared with that of a single solar chimney, and is reduced by 11.911kW compared with the power generation capacity of the power generation device combining the solar chimney, the ventilator and the wind turbine, but fresh water can be generated at 4.43ton/H, the comprehensive utilization rate of solar energy is greatly improved, and the power generation power of the H-shaped vertical axis wind turbine is 37.21kW, so that environmental resources are fully utilized.
The invention uses seawater as cooling liquid, not only realizes the condensation of damp and hot air and the precipitation of fresh water by utilizing the seawater, but also enables the condenser to preheat the seawater in turn, thereby fully utilizing energy; the H-shaped vertical axis wind turbine and the ventilator are integrally structured, so that not only is high-altitude wind resources utilized for generating electricity, but also negative pressure in the chimney is increased, and therefore the generating capacity of the solar chimney generating system is improved. The flow dividing pipes and the collecting pipes have the function of uniformly distributing flow, the heat exchange effect of the heat exchange wall surface is enhanced, and the heat exchange efficiency of the condenser is improved.
the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and variations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A solar power generation and seawater desalination device combining a condenser and a wind machine is characterized by comprising a heat collecting shed, the condenser, the turbine, a chimney and a wind power generation device;
the heat collecting shed comprises a heat collecting shed bottom plate and a heat collecting shed cover plate covering the heat collecting shed bottom plate, and a horn-shaped flow guide cavity is formed between the heat collecting shed cover plate and the heat collecting shed bottom plate; the outer ring of the diversion cavity is an inlet of the diversion cavity, and the inner ring of the diversion cavity is an outlet of the diversion cavity; the bottom of the heat collecting shed is provided with a fresh water storage pool and a heat accumulation layer, and the heat accumulation layer is positioned on the periphery of the fresh water storage pool;
the condenser is arranged at the center of the flow guide cavity and comprises a plurality of layers of heat exchange wall surfaces arranged along the arc shape of the inner wall of the heat collecting shed cover plate, and the heat exchange wall surfaces of all layers are arranged at intervals; the top end of each layer of heat exchange wall surface is communicated with a shunt pipe, and a water pump introduces the seawater in the seawater pool into the shunt pipe; the tail end of each layer of heat exchange wall surface is communicated with a collecting pipe, and the outlet of the collecting pipe is communicated with a heat storage layer positioned at the bottom; fresh water collecting tanks are arranged below the tail ends of the heat exchange wall surfaces of all the layers and are communicated by a diversion inner pipe, and the outlet of the diversion inner pipe is communicated with a fresh water storage pool;
The chimney is a vertical hollow cylinder, the outlet of the flow guide cavity is communicated with the lower port of the chimney, and the turbine is arranged at the center of the communication of the outlet of the flow guide cavity and the lower port of the chimney; a wind power generation device is arranged at the center of the upper port of the chimney;
The wind power generation device comprises a ventilator and a wind turbine, wherein the wind turbine is arranged above the ventilator, the rotating central shafts of the turbine, the ventilator and the wind turbine are overlapped with the central shaft of the chimney, and blades of the wind turbine are rigidly connected with blades of the ventilator to drive the blades of the ventilator to rotate.
2. The solar power generation and seawater desalination plant of claim 1, wherein each layer of heat exchange wall comprises a circular cavity formed by an inner layer wall and an outer layer wall, and the cavity is divided into a plurality of condensate flow channels by baffles uniformly arranged along the circumference.
3. The solar power generation and seawater desalination apparatus combining a condenser and a wind turbine as claimed in claim 1, wherein the top ends of the heat exchange wall surfaces of the respective layers are located at the same horizontal plane, and the tail ends are located at the same vertical plane.
4. A solar power generation and seawater desalination plant with a combination of a condenser and a wind power plant as claimed in claim 1, wherein the collecting pipe comprises circular second branch pipes corresponding to the ends of the heat exchange walls of each layer, the second branch pipes of each layer are connected with each other through second main pipes arranged vertically, and the outlets at the ends of the second main pipes are connected with the seawater heat storage layer.
5. The combined condenser and wind turbine solar power generation and seawater desalination plant as defined in claim 1, wherein the fresh water collecting tank is disposed at one end below the lower surface of the end of the heat exchange wall surface, and the surface thereof is streamlined, and the other end thereof is bent to be opposite to the end opening of the heat exchange wall surface.
6. A solar power generation and seawater desalination plant with a combination of a condenser and a wind turbine as claimed in claim 1, wherein a cover plate is provided above the fresh water storage tank.
7. The solar power generation and seawater desalination apparatus of claim 1, wherein the ventilator is an axial-flow ventilator, and the wind turbine is an H-type vertical-axis wind turbine.
8. The solar power generation and seawater desalination device of claim 1, wherein the blades of the ventilator are vertically connected with the blades of the wind turbine in a one-to-one correspondence manner.
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2395186Y (en) * | 1999-09-22 | 2000-09-06 | 淄博早春社会福利暖通设备厂 | Steel made vacuum enthalpy phase radiator |
| WO2014061739A1 (en) * | 2012-10-18 | 2014-04-24 | 株式会社荒井鉄工所 | Deaeration method for bubble-containing liquid, and device for same |
| CN104528853A (en) * | 2014-12-05 | 2015-04-22 | 河海大学常州校区 | Double-chimney embedded type solar seawater desalination system and desalination method thereof |
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2017
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2395186Y (en) * | 1999-09-22 | 2000-09-06 | 淄博早春社会福利暖通设备厂 | Steel made vacuum enthalpy phase radiator |
| WO2014061739A1 (en) * | 2012-10-18 | 2014-04-24 | 株式会社荒井鉄工所 | Deaeration method for bubble-containing liquid, and device for same |
| CN104528853A (en) * | 2014-12-05 | 2015-04-22 | 河海大学常州校区 | Double-chimney embedded type solar seawater desalination system and desalination method thereof |
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