CN106693008A - Microwave sterilization method for rice seedling cultivation soil - Google Patents
Microwave sterilization method for rice seedling cultivation soil Download PDFInfo
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- CN106693008A CN106693008A CN201611108568.0A CN201611108568A CN106693008A CN 106693008 A CN106693008 A CN 106693008A CN 201611108568 A CN201611108568 A CN 201611108568A CN 106693008 A CN106693008 A CN 106693008A
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- microwave
- rice seedling
- soil
- sterilization method
- microwave sterilization
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L2/00—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor
- A61L2/02—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor using physical phenomena
- A61L2/08—Radiation
- A61L2/12—Microwaves
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
- A01G9/029—Receptacles for seedlings
- A01G9/0299—Handling or transporting of soil blocks or seedlings
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a microwave sterilization method for rice seedling cultivation soil. The method comprises the following steps: before seeds are sowed into the rice seedling cultivation soil, carrying out microwave sterilization treatment on the soil, and controlling the microwave power at 500 to 1,000 W, the wavelength at 100 to 150 mm, and the time at 2.5 to 50 minutes. The microwave sterilization method belongs to a physical sterilization method, is high in microwave sterilization penetrability, can inhibit and kill germs, is short in treatment time and good in sterilization effect, particularly has an obvious killing effect on funguses such as molds, cannot cause soil pollution and affect soil nutrient loss, and is green and environmentally-friendly.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of sterilizing methods of rice seedling raising soil.
Background technology
With the Northeast's rice region rice cultivation year after year, annual spring all cultivates rice seedling in identical region, in soil
Survived in earth some sickle-like bacteria, rhizoctonia, phycomycete etc. easily causes the germ of the diseases such as damping-off, to prevent damping-off etc.
Seedbed disease, it is necessary to could be suppressed them by soil disinfection, reaches disease-resistant purpose.
Soil sterilants is a kind of low toxicity broad spectrum activity sterilization pesticide, with interior suction and conductibility, is invaded by pathogen
Erosion effect reaches the purpose of sterilizing disease-preventing.Bactericide is puddled in nursery soil, because same area applies bactericide year after year, soil
Germ develops immunity to drugs in earth, and bactericide gets over Shi Yueduo, though so annual spring difference rice region have it is a large amount of it is paddy seedbed by
In courses of infection, large area is produced to catch an illness, or even rice seedling is dead.After using bactericide, soil is greatly remained in
In, the pollution of soil is caused, soil nutrient reduces with the exacerbation of pollution level, and soil porosity diminishes, so as to cause soil
It is hardened.
Ensure rice seedling survival, improve Seedling Quality in Rice, be the target of vast agricultural science and technology worker unremitting effort,
This is also that the maximum of rice region rice cultivation peasant is required and expected.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of microwave sterilization method of rice seedling raising soil.The method belongs to physical sterilization side
Method, microwave disinfection penetrability is good, can suppress and kill germ, and process time is short, and bactericidal effect is good, ensure that rice seedling
Survival, improves Seedling Quality in Rice.
The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions：
A kind of microwave sterilization method of rice seedling raising soil, specific implementation step is as follows：
Before rice seedling raising soil is sowed, microwave sterilization treatment is carried out to soil, control microwave power for 500~
1000W, wavelength is 100~150mm, and the time is 2.5~50min.
The invention has the advantages that：
1st, the present invention is killed germ in paddy seedbed soil using microwave using physical method (microwave disinfection), is replaced
Traditional chemical bactericide prevents the generation of paddy seedbed disease.Fungicide effect is much better than according to experiment microwave sterilizing effect,
Have and promote space well.
2nd, the present invention meets " three subtract " requirement in agricultural planting of country's proposition, this method reduces agricultural chemicals (bactericide)
Use.
3rd, the method prevents the use of Rice Cropping process Pesticides to plantation green organic rice from source, is also
The important leverage of the green organic rice of production.
4th, the method is very beneficial for improving rice region peasant in seedbed cultivation paddy rice strong sprout, is prevention seedbed rice shoot disease hair
Raw a kind of newest mode.
Specific embodiment
Technical scheme is further described below, but is not limited thereto, it is every to the technology of the present invention
Scheme is modified or equivalent, without deviating from the spirit and scope of technical solution of the present invention, all should be covered in the present invention
Protection domain in.
The invention provides a kind of microwave sterilization method of rice seedling raising soil, herein below is specifically included：
First stage tests
First, experimental principle：
Because microbial nutrition type is different, different types of culture medium should be provided.Separating, cultivating heterotrophic microorganism
When, to general bacterium often with beef-protein medium, to actinomyces No. 1 culture medium of conventional Gao Shi, culture yeasts bacterium, mould
Brewer's wort or bean sprout juice dextrose culture-medium, potato dextrose agar (PDA) culture medium are then used, Martin's culture is also commonly used sometimes
Base separating mould.
PDA, Gao Shi No. 1 number and beef extract-protein culture medium are used in this experiment, the soil by microwave, sterilization treatment
It is inoculated into respectively on three kinds of culture mediums, the effect of microwave sterilization can be drawn by observation.
2nd, the preparation of culture medium：
1st, PDA culture medium
(1) experiment reagent
Potato (peeling) 200g, glucose 20g, water 1000ml, agar 20g, gauze, glass bar, 1000ml beakers, ten thousand
With electronic oven, vertical pressure steam sterilizer, magnetic stirrer.
(2) experimental procedure
By peeling potatoes, 2cm sheets are cut into, the 1000ml that adds water boils 30min, and (potato softening is not broken, uses glass bar
Can poke), two-layer filtered through gauze, collects filtrate in 1000ml beakers while hot, continues to heat, and sequentially adds glucose 20g and fine jade
Moisturizing again to 1000ml is slightly cooled down after fat 20g (stirring while adding), fully dissolving, test tube, every test tube about 5~10ml is dispensed
(depending on test tube size), jumps a queue, standby after taking-up test tube pendulum inclined-plane standing 12h after high temperature and high pressure steam sterilizing 30min.
2nd, No. 1 culture medium of Gao Shi
(1) experiment reagent
Soluble starch 20g, NaCl0.5g, KNO31g、K2HPO40.5g、MgSO40.5g、FeSO40.01g, agar 20g,
Water 1000ml, magnetic stirrer, universal electronic stove, vertical pressure steam sterilizer
(2) experimental procedure
Soluble starch 20g accurately is weighed by formula, the 1000ml that adds water is heated to starch and is completely dissolved.It is each that other are weighed again
Composition dissolves one by one successively.FeSO4Highly concentrated solution can be first configured to add (add 1gFeSO in 100ml water4It is configured to
0.01g/ml) addition 1ml is in culture medium solution.After all reagents are completely dissolved, moisturizing to 1000ml dispenses test tube, often
Branch test tube about 5~10ml (depending on test tube size), jumps a queue, and test tube pendulum inclined-plane is taken out after high temperature and high pressure steam sterilizing 30min quiet
Put standby after 12h.
3rd, beef-protein medium
(1) experiment reagent
Beef extract 3, peptone 10g, sodium chloride 5g, agar 20g, water 1000ml, universal electronic stove, vertical pressure steam go out
Bacterium device, magnetic stirrer.
(2) experimental procedure
Accurate beef extract, peptone, the sodium chloride of weighing is put into beaker that (beef extract often uses glass bar picking, is placed on weighing
Together it is put into beaker on paper, pan paper is chosen with glass bar by after thermal release).Can first be added in above-mentioned beaker less than needed for
The water wanted, is stirred evenly with glass bar, and heating dissolves it on asbestos gauge, until completely dissolved, moisturizing to 1000ml, packing examination
Pipe, every test tube about 5~10ml (depending on test tube size) is jumped a queue, and it is oblique to take out test tube pendulum after high temperature and high pressure steam sterilizing 30min
Face stand 12h after it is standby.
3rd, soil microwave treatment
1st, fine earth is attached to (10cm is high) in polypropylene plastics pocket, dispenses 5 parts, through microwave sterilization 1min, 1.5min,
2.0min、2.5min、3.0min。
2nd, temporally gradient, 4 repetitions is done per sample culture medium and is tested respectively.
4th, strain transfer
1st, experiment equipment
(1) strain
Microwave treatment soil
(2) culture medium
PDA culture medium, Gao Shi No. 1 culture medium, beef-protein medium.
(3) other
Transfer needle (ring), alcolhol burner, match, marking pen, label paper.
2nd, experimental technique and step
(1) inclined plane inoculating technology
1. label
It is labelled on test tube before inoculation, indicate strain, inoculation date, inoculation people's name etc., be attached to away from test tube mouthful 2~
The position of 3cm.
2. sterile purification platform is cleared up
Table top and clean bench both sides are wiped with alcohol swab (78% alcohol), by transfer needle (ring), alcolhol burner, match, mark
Pen, label paper and the test tube with culture medium are put into clean bench, are closed clean bench and are drawn window, are switched on power, and are opened ultraviolet and are killed
Bacterium 20min.Both hands will wipe sterilization with alcohol swab immediately before entering clean bench operation, and the soil sample after microwave sterilization treatment is moved and is put into
After in clean bench, the comprehensive wiping of alcohol swab is used immediately.
3. alcolhol burner is lighted
Alcolhol burner is lighted according to working specification.
4. it is inoculated with
With oese by a little soil sample transposing to the test tube slant for posting label.Must be carried out by aseptic manipulation.
(a) hand-held test tube
Slant tube waiting is held in left hand, inclined-plane is upward.
B () unscrews pipe close
Tampon or plug first being loosened with the right hand, being extracted during to be inoculated with.
C () takes oese
The right hand takes oese, and the calcination of ring end sterilizes on flame, and the remainder that then would be possible to stretch into test tube burns
Sterilizing is burnt, this operation is repeated, then calcination is once.
(d) tube drawing plug
Test tube plug is removed on right-handed nameless, pinkie and palm side, then allows the sterilizing that slowly overdoes of test tube mouth (to be sure not
Burn to scald excessively).
E () takes bacterium
After ring cooling to be seeded, soil sample center (underthrust 5cm) is inserted, picking a small amount of soil sample can not make to carry disease germs after taking-up
Oese passes through flame.
F () is inoculated with
The rapid oese that will speckle with soil sample stretches into slant tube waiting by flame.From the bottom up of slant medium
Make Z-shaped line intensive back and forth, be sure not to scratch culture medium.Sometimes also one only can be drawn directly in the center of slant medium with oese
Line makees inclined plane inoculating, and straight line is inoculated with the growth characteristic of observable different strain.
G () fills in pipe close
Oese, calcination test tube mouthful are taken out, and screws on pipe close by flame.During plug tampon, should not be gone to meet with test tube
Tampon, in case test tube includes unclean air when mobile.
H () calcination sterilizes
By oese calcination sterilizing, oese is put down, then cotton cotton plug is screwed.
5. cultivate
The culture medium that will be inoculated with is cultivated (also can be in 28 DEG C or 37 DEG C cultures of biochemical cultivation case) at room temperature.
5th, observed and recorded
1st, the culture medium inoculated time：6 days 15 July in 2016:40.
2nd, observed data：
Table 1
Place：LaboratoryObserving time：2016.07.07 09:00
Table 2
Place：LaboratoryObserving time：2016.07.07 15:00
Table 3
Place：LaboratoryObserving time：2016.07.08 09:52
Table 4
Place：LaboratoryObserving time：2016.07.09 15:20
Table 5
Place：LaboratoryObserving time：2016.07.09 09:17
Table 6
Place：LaboratoryObserving time：2016.07.09 09:17
Note：2016.07.07.15:00, in No. 1 culture medium of Gao Shi, medium slant is removed with test tube wall there is bubble.
6th, experimental summary
(1) interpretation of result
1st, according to the analysis of experimental data of table 1~5, microwave disinfection is difficult thoroughly to kill bacterium, and the fungies such as mould are killed
Effect is obvious.
2nd, microwave treatment soil sample has larger fragmentation effect to bacterium in 2.5min, 3.0min.
3rd, the presence of fungi, actinomyces is not found in addition to bacterium.
4th, there is bacterium in 12h after microwave treatment 3min, but occurred later bacterium infection it may be the case that due to microwave
Bacterial spore cannot be killed, the reason for gemma is survived after a period of time.
(2) improvement idea
1st, improved aspect needed for previous step experiment：
(1) glass bar is replaced to stir with magnetic stirrer；
(2) PDA culture medium is all used to distinguish beef-protein medium with plug.
2nd, next step experiment requirement：
Soil sample, magnetic stirrer, polypropylene plastics pocket (size specification will).
Second stage is tested
1st, according to first stage analysis of experimental data, the experiment of second stage is still and carries out microwave treatment to soil sample, when
Between in 1min, 10s, 20s, 30s, 40s, 50s are taken successively.
2nd, the preparation of culture medium and inoculation operation same first stage.
3rd, inoculation time 14 days 17 July in 2016:15.
First, microwave sterilization treatment soil sample
Table 7
Place：LaboratoryObserving time：2016.07.15 08:57
Table 8
Place：LaboratoryObserving time：2016.07.15 15:07
Table 9
Place：LaboratoryObserving time：2016.07.16 09:26
Table 10
Place：LaboratoryObserving time：2016.07.16 15:02
Table 11
Place：LaboratoryObserving time：2016.07.17 09:00
Table 12
Place：LaboratoryObserving time：2016.07.17 15:45
Table 13
Place：LaboratoryObserving time：2016.07.18 09:10
Table 14
Place：LaboratoryObserving time：2016.07.18 14:56
Table 15
Place：LaboratoryObserving time：2016.07.19 09:15
Table 16
Place：LaboratoryObserving time：2016.07.19 15:09
2nd, interpretation of result
1、2016.07.15 08:57, PDA all there is bacterium, 2016.07.16 09 with beef-protein medium:
26 there is fungi.
2、2016.07.16 09:There is bacterium in 26, Gao Shi No. 1 culture mediums, on the same day afternoon 15:02 there is fungi.
3rd, with the increase of microwave sterilization time, the sterilization effect to bacterium and fungi is better.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of microwave sterilization method of rice seedling raising soil, it is characterised in that methods described step is as follows：
Before rice seedling raising soil is sowed, microwave sterilization treatment is carried out to soil, controls the power of microwave for 500~1000W,
Wavelength is 100~150mm, and the time is 2.5~50min.
2. the microwave sterilization method of rice seedling raising soil according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the power of the microwave is
800W。
3. the microwave sterilization method of rice seedling raising soil according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the wavelength of the microwave is
122mm。
4. the microwave sterilization method of rice seedling raising soil according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the time of the microwave is
2.5min。
5. the microwave sterilization method of rice seedling raising soil according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the time of the microwave is
3.0min。
6. the microwave sterilization method of rice seedling raising soil according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the time of the microwave is
10min。
7. the microwave sterilization method of rice seedling raising soil according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the time of the microwave is
20min。
8. the microwave sterilization method of rice seedling raising soil according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the time of the microwave is
30min。
9. the microwave sterilization method of rice seedling raising soil according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the time of the microwave is
40min。
10. the microwave sterilization method of rice seedling raising soil according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the time of the microwave is
50min。
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611108568.0A CN106693008A (en) | 2016-12-06 | 2016-12-06 | Microwave sterilization method for rice seedling cultivation soil |
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| CN201611108568.0A CN106693008A (en) | 2016-12-06 | 2016-12-06 | Microwave sterilization method for rice seedling cultivation soil |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5287818A (en) * | 1993-05-11 | 1994-02-22 | Aqua Heat Technology Inc. | Method for killing soil pathogens with micro-wave energy |
| CN2607781Y (en) * | 2003-04-10 | 2004-03-31 | 李月章 | Microwave apparatus for sterilizing and killing inset in soil |
| CN105699168A (en) * | 2016-03-04 | 2016-06-22 | 湖南农业大学 | Application of soil sterilization method to measuring of soil microbial biomass |
| CN106106422A (en) * | 2016-08-16 | 2016-11-16 | 宁夏圆润葡萄酒有限公司 | Microwave deinsectization weeder |
-
2016
- 2016-12-06 CN CN201611108568.0A patent/CN106693008A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5287818A (en) * | 1993-05-11 | 1994-02-22 | Aqua Heat Technology Inc. | Method for killing soil pathogens with micro-wave energy |
| CN2607781Y (en) * | 2003-04-10 | 2004-03-31 | 李月章 | Microwave apparatus for sterilizing and killing inset in soil |
| CN105699168A (en) * | 2016-03-04 | 2016-06-22 | 湖南农业大学 | Application of soil sterilization method to measuring of soil microbial biomass |
| CN106106422A (en) * | 2016-08-16 | 2016-11-16 | 宁夏圆润葡萄酒有限公司 | Microwave deinsectization weeder |
Non-Patent Citations (4)
| Title |
|---|
| 孟庆鼐: "《微波技术》", 31 January 2005 * |
| 朱守一: "《生物安全与防止污染》", 31 July 1999 * |
| 杨柳春: "《油库电工技术应用与电气安全》", 31 January 2013 * |
| 魏明奎: "《微生物学》", 30 April 2007 * |
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