CN106689019A - Fish tank circulation filtration separation system - Google Patents
Fish tank circulation filtration separation system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106689019A CN106689019A CN201611179453.0A CN201611179453A CN106689019A CN 106689019 A CN106689019 A CN 106689019A CN 201611179453 A CN201611179453 A CN 201611179453A CN 106689019 A CN106689019 A CN 106689019A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- pipe
- housing
- side plate
- partition
- dividing plate
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 title abstract 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 abstract description 5
- IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M Nitrite anion Chemical compound [O-]N=O IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 abstract description 5
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 abstract description 5
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 abstract 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrous acid Chemical compound ON=O IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000700605 Viruses Species 0.000 description 1
- XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia nh3 Chemical compound N.N XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000572 poisoning Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000000607 poisoning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011045 prefiltration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003053 toxin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000765 toxin Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
- A01K63/045—Filters for aquaria
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a fish tank circulation filtration separation system, which comprises a shell. The top of the shell is provided with a funnel-shaped water inlet bin, a plurality of L-shaped first partitions plates are arranged on the inner wall of the shell in a downward inclined manner, a plurality of second partitions plates corresponding to the first partition plates are arranged on the outer wall of the water inlet bin in a downward inclined manner, the first partition plates and the second partition plates are staggered and jointly form a zigzag channel, the lower portion of the shell is provided with a sewage pipe, and the upper portion of the shell is provided with a water outlet pipe. The fish tank circulation filtration separation system has the advantages that fish feces can be separated from waste water in the fish tank in an energy-efficient manner, formation conditions of nitrite are reduced, the frequency of changing water is decreased, the fish feces are precipitated and discharged, the living environment quality of aquatic animals and plants is improved, and diseases and death are prevented.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to filter technology field, it particularly relates to a kind of fish jar circulating filtration piece-rate system.
Background technology
In the breeding process of the aquatic animals such as ornamental fish, its excrement that it is critical only that filtering fish jar bottom deposit, due to
Toxin in water is all that fish just produces, thus also only the nitrite that fish just produces is removed could keep water body it is nontoxic,
Stabilization and clear, fish could health and few disease.If lacking the area of growing nonparasitically upon another plant of nitrifier in cylinder, nitrifier quantity is smaller, nothing
Method processes fish just in time, and the content of nitrite of water body will be raised, and it is exceeded that fish live in nitrite, ammonia nitrogen for a long time
In water body, constitution can slowly become weak, it is easy to be encroached on by virus in water, so as to cause fish poisoning apocleisis, or even
It is dead.
Therefore, develop it is a kind of may filter that fish fish jar circulating filtration piece-rate system just, become as professional needs solution badly
Problem certainly.
The content of the invention
The present invention proposes a kind of fish jar circulating filtration piece-rate system, overcomes the deficiency of above-mentioned aspect in existing product,
The burden of fish jar mesophytization filtering is alleviated, the use time of aquarium filtering cotton and filtering material is extended, greatlyd save foster
The cost of fish.
The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions：
A kind of fish jar circulating filtration piece-rate system, including housing, are provided with funnel shaped water storage at the top of the housing, described
Downward-sloping the first dividing plate for being provided with some L-shaped, downward-sloping on the outer wall of the water storage to be provided with the inwall of housing
Some second partitions corresponding with first dividing plate, first dividing plate and second partition are staggered and collectively form a song
The passage of folding, the bottom of the housing is provided with blow-off pipe, and the top of the housing is provided with outlet pipe.
Further, the bottom of the water storage is near the bottom of the housing.
Further, the blow-off pipe is L-shaped, and the mouth of pipe that the blow-off pipe is located at the hull outside is set straight down,
And the blow-off pipe is horizontally disposed with positioned at the mouth of pipe of the enclosure interior.
Further, the outlet pipe is L-shaped, and the mouth of pipe that the outlet pipe is located at the hull outside is horizontally disposed with, and should
The mouth of pipe that outlet pipe is located at the enclosure interior is set straight up.
Further, first dividing plate and second partition include side plate long and short side plate, the side plate long and short side
Plate is arranged in a mutually vertical manner.
Further, the side plate long of first dividing plate is fixedly connected on the outer wall of housing, and first dividing plate is short
Side plate be arranged in parallel with the side plate long of a second partition.
Further, the side plate long of the second partition is fixedly connected on the outer wall of water storage, and the second partition
Short side plate be arranged in parallel with the side plate long of first dividing plate.
Further, it is provided with water inlet at the top of the water storage.
Further, it is provided with ball valve on the blow-off pipe.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are：The fish that allows that can be energy-efficient is just separated from fish jar waste water, reduces nitrous acid
The frequency of water is changed in the formation condition of salt, reduction, is precipitated fish just and is discharged it；The living environment quality of aquatic animals and plants is improved,
Disease and death are prevented, mitigates biochemistry filtered burden, save filtering consumptive material.
Brief description of the drawings
In order to illustrate more clearly about the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, below will be to institute in embodiment
The accompanying drawing for needing to use is briefly described, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are only some implementations of the invention
Example, for those of ordinary skill in the art, on the premise of not paying creative work, can also obtain according to these accompanying drawings
Obtain other accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the fish jar circulating filtration piece-rate system described in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the top view of the first dividing plate according to Fig. 1；
Fig. 3 is the top view of the second partition according to Fig. 1.
In figure：
1st, housing；2nd, water storage；3rd, the first dividing plate；4th, second partition；5th, blow-off pipe；6th, outlet pipe；7th, water inlet；8th, ball valve.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is carried out clear, complete
Site preparation is described, it is clear that described embodiment is only a part of embodiment of the invention, rather than whole embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, the every other embodiment that those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained belongs to present invention protection
Scope.
As Figure 1-3, a kind of fish jar circulating filtration piece-rate system described according to embodiments of the present invention, including housing 1,
The top of the housing 1 is provided with funnel shaped water storage 2, downward-sloping on the inwall of the housing 1 to be provided with some L-shaped
First dividing plate 3, it is downward-sloping on the outer wall of the water storage 2 to be provided with some second partitions 4 corresponding with first dividing plate 3,
First dividing plate 3 is staggered with second partition 4 and collectively forms a passage for complications, and the bottom of the housing 1 is set
There is blow-off pipe 5, and the top of the housing 1 is provided with outlet pipe 6.
In one particular embodiment of the present invention, the bottom of the water storage 2 is near the bottom of the housing 1.
In one particular embodiment of the present invention, the blow-off pipe 5 is L-shaped, and the blow-off pipe 5 is located at outside the housing 1
The mouth of pipe in portion is set straight down, and the mouth of pipe that the blow-off pipe 5 is located inside the housing 1 is horizontally disposed with.
In one particular embodiment of the present invention, the outlet pipe 6 is L-shaped, and the outlet pipe 6 is located at outside the housing 1
The mouth of pipe in portion is horizontally disposed with, and the mouth of pipe that the outlet pipe 6 is located inside the housing 1 is set straight up.
In one particular embodiment of the present invention, first dividing plate 3 and second partition 4 include side plate long and short side
Plate, the side plate long is arranged in a mutually vertical manner with short side plate.
In one particular embodiment of the present invention, the side plate long of first dividing plate 3 is fixedly connected on the outer wall of housing 1
On, and the short side plate of first dividing plate 3 be arranged in parallel with the side plate long of a second partition 4.
In one particular embodiment of the present invention, the side plate long of the second partition 4 is fixedly connected on the outer of water storage 2
On wall, and the short side plate of the second partition 4 be arranged in parallel with the side plate long of first dividing plate 3.
In one particular embodiment of the present invention, the top of the water storage 2 is provided with water inlet 7.
In one particular embodiment of the present invention, it is provided with ball valve 8 on the blow-off pipe 5.
Understand above-mentioned technical proposal of the invention for convenience, below by way of in specifically used mode to of the invention above-mentioned
Technical scheme is described in detail.
The mode being fixedly connected that the present invention is previously mentioned can be using conventional technical means such as welding, bondings.
Housing 1 can be cylinder or square body, and the longitudinal cross-section of the first dividing plate 3 and second partition 4 is L-type, side long
Plate arranges that the side plate long of the first dividing plate 3 is plectane or rectangular slab around whole housing 1 or water storage 2（When housing 1 is square body
When, the side plate long of the first dividing plate 3 is rectangular slab）, its center offers circular hole for connecting the short side of the first dividing plate 3 of annular
Plate, the side plate long of second partition 4 is plectane, and the center offers circular hole for connecting water storage 2, the edge connection of plectane
The short side plate of the second partition of annular, the first dividing plate 3 and second partition 4 place number appraised and decided according to the overall size of housing 1.
Present invention is mainly used for the prefiltration of fish jar waste water, it is useless for pouring into that the top of water storage 2 is provided with water inlet 7
Water, the connection of water inlet 7 is water pump or fish jar bottom, and water storage 2 is infundibulate, is concentrated for Jiang Shui and fish mixture just and led
Enter in housing 1, the first dividing plate 3 and second partition 4 are L-shaped, and the first dividing plate 3 is connected on the inwall of housing 1, second partition 4
It is connected on the outer wall of water storage 2, the first dividing plate 3 and second partition 4 are downward-sloping, a complications is constituted in a staggered manner
Upward thin channel, the width of passage is 2cm, and Dang Shui and fish mixture just are by the first dividing plate 3 and second partition 4, fish
Just stopped by the first dividing plate 3 and second partition 4, and be deposited on the bottom of housing 1, and the water after filtering then passes through the first dividing plate 3
Discharged from the outlet pipe 6 at the top of housing 1 with second partition 4, another mistake with filtering material is entered from the water of the draining of outlet pipe 6
Deep filtering is carried out in filter system, the fish for being deposited on the bottom of housing 1 will pass through blow-off pipe 5 and discharge, and outlet pipe 6 and blow-off pipe 5 are equal
Be L-shaped, the import of outlet pipe 6 straight up, the outlet level of outlet pipe 6, the import level of blow-off pipe 5, the outlet of blow-off pipe 5
Straight down, this mode can prevent excrement floating object and a small amount of residue from being attracted directly from outlet pipe 6 or the row of blow-off pipe 5 by current
Go out, ball valve 8 is provided with the blow-off pipe 5, when ball valve 8 is opened, excrement can be made to discharge housing 1.
When specifically used, Jiang Shui first and fish mixture just are poured into water storage 2 by water inlet 7, are gone out from water storage 2
The mixture for coming flows up through the first dividing plate 3 and second partition 4, the water after filtering by after the first dividing plate 3 and second partition 4 from
Outlet pipe 6 is discharged, and the fish stopped by the first dividing plate 3 and second partition 4 is just discharged through blow-off pipe 5.
In sum, by above-mentioned technical proposal of the invention, the fish that allows that can be energy-efficient just separates from fish jar waste water
Out, the formation condition of nitrite is reduced, the frequency of water is changed in reduction, is precipitated fish just and is discharged it；Improve aquatic animals and plants
Living environment quality, prevent disease and death；Reduce water row's number of times, saving water resource, energy-saving and emission-reduction；Filter material is saved
The consume of material, it is more environmentally friendly；Reduce the disease and the death rate of aquatic animals and plants；Instead of the physics mistake such as current aquarium, fishpond
Filter is not thoroughly, biochemistry filtered the problems such as over-burden, makes to breed fish more efficiently and energy-conservation.
The present invention is not limited to above-mentioned preferred forms, and anyone can show that other are various under enlightenment of the invention
The product of form, however, make any change in its shape or structure, it is every with skill identical or similar to the present application
Art scheme, is within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of fish jar circulating filtration piece-rate system, including housing（1）, it is characterised in that the housing（1）Top be provided with
Funnel shaped water storage（2）, the housing（1）Inwall on downward-sloping the first dividing plate for being provided with some L-shaped（3）, it is described
Water storage（2）Outer wall on it is downward-sloping be provided with it is some with first dividing plate（3）Corresponding second partition（4）, described first
Dividing plate（3）With second partition（4）It is staggered and collectively forms a passage for complications, the housing（1）Bottom be provided with
Blow-off pipe（5）, and the housing（1）Top be provided with outlet pipe（6）.
2. a kind of fish jar circulating filtration piece-rate system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the water storage（2）'s
Bottom is near the housing（1）Bottom.
3. a kind of fish jar circulating filtration piece-rate system according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the blow-off pipe（5）It is L
Shape, the blow-off pipe（5）Positioned at the housing（1）The outside mouth of pipe is set straight down, and the blow-off pipe（5）Positioned at the housing
（1）The internal mouth of pipe is horizontally disposed with.
4. a kind of fish jar circulating filtration piece-rate system according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the outlet pipe（6）It is L
Shape, the outlet pipe（6）Positioned at the housing（1）The outside mouth of pipe is horizontally disposed with, and the outlet pipe（6）Positioned at the housing（1）It is interior
The mouth of pipe in portion is set straight up.
5. a kind of fish jar circulating filtration piece-rate system according to claim 4, it is characterised in that first dividing plate（3）
And second partition（4）Include side plate long and short side plate, the side plate long is arranged in a mutually vertical manner with short side plate.
6. a kind of fish jar circulating filtration piece-rate system according to claim 5, it is characterised in that first dividing plate（3）
Side plate long be fixedly connected on housing（1）Outer wall on, and first dividing plate（3）Short side plate and a second partition（4）'s
Side plate long be arranged in parallel.
7. a kind of fish jar circulating filtration piece-rate system according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the second partition（4）
Side plate long be fixedly connected on water storage（2）Outer wall on, and the second partition（4）Short side plate and first dividing plate（3）
Side plate long be arranged in parallel.
8. a kind of fish jar circulating filtration piece-rate system according to claim 7, it is characterised in that the water storage（2）'s
Top is provided with water inlet（7）.
9. a kind of fish jar circulating filtration piece-rate system according to claim 8, it is characterised in that the blow-off pipe（5）On
It is provided with ball valve（8）.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611179453.0A CN106689019A (en) | 2016-12-19 | 2016-12-19 | Fish tank circulation filtration separation system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611179453.0A CN106689019A (en) | 2016-12-19 | 2016-12-19 | Fish tank circulation filtration separation system |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN106689019A true CN106689019A (en) | 2017-05-24 |
Family
ID=58938402
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611179453.0A Pending CN106689019A (en) | 2016-12-19 | 2016-12-19 | Fish tank circulation filtration separation system |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN106689019A (en) |
Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2230386A (en) * | 1937-08-12 | 1941-02-04 | American Centrifugal Corp | Separation of solids from liquids |
| US3703467A (en) * | 1971-01-28 | 1972-11-21 | Pan American Petroleum Corp | Vertical separator for drilling fluids |
| CN103120865A (en) * | 2011-11-18 | 2013-05-29 | 博研国际有限公司 | Rotating container, fluid filtering device with rotating container and system with rotating container |
| CN103285629A (en) * | 2013-04-01 | 2013-09-11 | 中国水产科学研究院渔业机械仪器研究所 | Multi-direction flow gravitational settling apparatus for recirculating aquaculture system |
| US20140021148A1 (en) * | 2012-07-21 | 2014-01-23 | Don M. Buckner | Method and system to separate solids from liquids |
| CN203598540U (en) * | 2013-10-31 | 2014-05-21 | 南京源泉环保科技股份有限公司 | Vertical flow sedimentation tank |
| CN203877954U (en) * | 2014-06-11 | 2014-10-15 | 宜宾五粮液股份有限公司 | MAP-synthesis-based turbulence-state dephosphorization device |
| CN203999115U (en) * | 2014-07-28 | 2014-12-10 | 武汉芳笛环保股份有限公司 | A kind of IBR suspension module formula triphase separator |
| CN204824271U (en) * | 2015-07-08 | 2015-12-02 | 云南海诚环保科技有限公司 | Sodium ion exchanger with resin regeneration liquid cyclic utilization function |
-
2016
- 2016-12-19 CN CN201611179453.0A patent/CN106689019A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2230386A (en) * | 1937-08-12 | 1941-02-04 | American Centrifugal Corp | Separation of solids from liquids |
| US3703467A (en) * | 1971-01-28 | 1972-11-21 | Pan American Petroleum Corp | Vertical separator for drilling fluids |
| CN103120865A (en) * | 2011-11-18 | 2013-05-29 | 博研国际有限公司 | Rotating container, fluid filtering device with rotating container and system with rotating container |
| US20140021148A1 (en) * | 2012-07-21 | 2014-01-23 | Don M. Buckner | Method and system to separate solids from liquids |
| CN103285629A (en) * | 2013-04-01 | 2013-09-11 | 中国水产科学研究院渔业机械仪器研究所 | Multi-direction flow gravitational settling apparatus for recirculating aquaculture system |
| CN203598540U (en) * | 2013-10-31 | 2014-05-21 | 南京源泉环保科技股份有限公司 | Vertical flow sedimentation tank |
| CN203877954U (en) * | 2014-06-11 | 2014-10-15 | 宜宾五粮液股份有限公司 | MAP-synthesis-based turbulence-state dephosphorization device |
| CN203999115U (en) * | 2014-07-28 | 2014-12-10 | 武汉芳笛环保股份有限公司 | A kind of IBR suspension module formula triphase separator |
| CN204824271U (en) * | 2015-07-08 | 2015-12-02 | 云南海诚环保科技有限公司 | Sodium ion exchanger with resin regeneration liquid cyclic utilization function |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN103461263A (en) | Pond differential niche ecological water treatment facility | |
| CN213756300U (en) | Pond circulating water high-density ecological aquaculture system | |
| CN109619019B (en) | High drop self-water-flowing tank type fish-farming system | |
| CN103719011A (en) | Sediment separation type culture pond | |
| CN104381167A (en) | Intermediate aquaculture system for pinctada maxima | |
| CN201839704U (en) | Device for hatching and cultivating fish seed | |
| CN105532540A (en) | High-yield circulation aquaculture system | |
| CN105284706A (en) | Temporary rearing pond | |
| CN110036967B (en) | Double-fishpond circulating water ecological fish culture system | |
| CN204888373U (en) | Ecological aquarium of peaceful formula | |
| CN106472391A (en) | A kind of recirculated water shrimp ecosystem | |
| CN107549092B (en) | Water quality improving system for running water pond culture | |
| CN202643501U (en) | Water body filtering purifying circulating system used for aquaculture | |
| CN106689019A (en) | Fish tank circulation filtration separation system | |
| CN206126999U (en) | Fresh -water fishes loop filter pond | |
| CN206835960U (en) | A kind of fish jar circulated filter system | |
| CN109479807A (en) | It is a kind of to be breeded fish the storing tank of water using container | |
| CN205511614U (en) | High yield circulation farming systems of aquatic products | |
| CN205455396U (en) | Fold formula fishes and shrimps circulating water system of raising together with | |
| CN105284703B (en) | Highlands cold water fishes seed rearing system | |
| CN213074064U (en) | Make things convenient for aquaculture to use rotatory waste fitting discharging | |
| CN107251867A (en) | A kind of water of breeding fish processing method | |
| CN210076366U (en) | Water filter equipment for seedling | |
| CN208724706U (en) | Aquaculture pond | |
| CN203467435U (en) | Aquiculture pond with rotational flow blowdown |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20170524 |