CN106684575A - Wave beam switchable antenna device and method thereof - Google Patents
Wave beam switchable antenna device and method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN106684575A CN106684575A CN201611218067.8A CN201611218067A CN106684575A CN 106684575 A CN106684575 A CN 106684575A CN 201611218067 A CN201611218067 A CN 201611218067A CN 106684575 A CN106684575 A CN 106684575A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
- H01Q3/24—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the orientation by switching energy from one active radiating element to another, e.g. for beam switching
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
- H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
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Abstract
The invention discloses a wave beam switchable antenna device and a method thereof. The device comprises antennas arranged separately in rows, each antenna unit comprises two travelling wave antenna arrays arranged separately from left to right and used for transmitting and receiving radar high-frequency signals, the lengths of the travelling wave antenna arrays in the left side increase gradually, the lengths of the travelling wave antenna arrays in the right side decrease gradually, the travelling wave antenna arrays in the left side can generate wave beams of different deflection directions to cover a specific range in the left side, and the travelling wave antenna arrays in the right side can generate wave beams of different deflection directions to cover a specific range in the right side. According to the method, the quantity and lengths of the antenna arrays can be determined according to a required coverage range, after the antenna device is arranged, switching of the travelling wave antenna arrays is controlled and directional wave beams in the left and right sides are switched. The device and method can realize switching of multiple wave beams, and have the advantages including simple and compact structure, low needed cost, large spatial coverage range and small size.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Radar Antenna System field, more particularly to a kind of beam switchable antenna assembly and method.
Background technology
Radar sensor is critical piece in millimeter wave sensor, and it is to cover designated area by the radiation of antenna,
Wherein millimetre-wave radar is received using the single-shot list of Continuous Wave with frequency modulation system, the velocity information of target can be obtained, and adopt many receipts
Antenna can also obtain the angle information of target.Need to use multiple radar sensors to obtain in increasing application scenario
The information of target, to carry out comprehensive monitoring, such as perimeter security system, i.e., by disposing multiple thunders on the circumference of fixed area
Up to sensor, when intrusion target passes through circumference or the activity near circumference, sensor can just detect moving target, and
Warning message is given in real time, so as to play a part of perimeter protection.
Characterize antenna radiation characteristics an important parameter be antenna antenna pattern, the main beam of antenna pattern
The wave beam of as wave beam, transmitting antenna and reception antenna then determines the search coverage of radar sensor.Current millimeter wave is passed
Sensor usually fixes simple beam radar sensor, and cost is relatively low, but the main beam that antenna radiation pattern only one of which is fixed, it is impossible to
Meeting such as perimeter security system needs carries out the demand of comprehensive monitoring；The main beam of electronically scanned radar sensor antenna can be
Beam scanning is realized in the range of certain angle, but electronically scanned radar needs a number of simulation or digital phase shifter, its cost
High many of more fixed simple beam radar sensor.Therefore, need that a kind of spatial coverage of offer is big badly, while low cost is cut
Beam antenna device is changed, the switching of multi-beam is realized.
The content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is that：For the technical problem that prior art is present, the present invention provides one
Planting can realize the switching of multi-beam, and simple and compact for structure, required low cost, spatial coverage are big and small volume changeable
Beam antenna device and method.
To solve above-mentioned technical problem, technical scheme proposed by the present invention is：
A kind of beam switchable antenna assembly, including multiple antenna elements arranged by between-line spacing, each described antenna list
From left to right arranged for interval has a two-way travelling-wave aerial array for receiving and dispatching radar high-frequency signal for unit, described in left side, each road in right side
Gradually increase, the reduction from top to bottom respectively of the length of travelling-wave aerial array, and enable travelling-wave aerial array described in each road in left side
The wave beam of multiple different deflection sensings is enough produced to cover left side specified range, and travelling-wave aerial array energy described in each road in right side
The wave beam of multiple different deflection sensings is enough produced to cover right side specified range.
As the further improvement of apparatus of the present invention：In each described antenna element, wherein antenna travelling wave array described in side
The length of row gradually increases, the length of travelling-wave aerial array described in opposite side is gradually reduced so that each described antenna element is whole
Body constitutes rectangular array structure.
As the further improvement of apparatus of the present invention：The left hand side antenna knot that travelling-wave aerial array described in each road in left side is constituted
Structure, the right side antenna structure centrosymmetry constituted with travelling-wave aerial array described in each road in right side.
As the further improvement of apparatus of the present invention：The travelling-wave aerial array in left side and the travelling-wave aerial on right side
Array transfer is in opposite direction.
As the further improvement of apparatus of the present invention：Also include the beam switchover being connected with travelling-wave aerial array described in each road
Control unit, the beam switchover control unit control switches travelling-wave aerial array described in each road, to control switching-beam.
As the further improvement of apparatus of the present invention：Travelling-wave aerial array described in each road respectively include etc. quantity antenna spoke
Unit is penetrated, is referred to deflection needed for producing with specifying Spacing between antenna radiation unit described in travelling-wave aerial array described in per road
To wave beam.
As the further improvement of apparatus of the present invention：The antenna travelling wave array is classified as inclined polarization, horizontal polarization, vertical pole
The linear array antenna of change, left-hand circular polarization or right-handed circular polarization；Travelling-wave aerial array described in each road is respectively print structure array day
Line；The print structure array antenna is patch antenna array or slot array antenna.
The further open method for being used to realize above-mentioned beam switchable antenna assembly of the invention, step includes：
Left side, the quantity of the right side travelling-wave aerial array arranged according to needed for the scope of required covering determines respectively,
And the length of travelling-wave aerial array described in per road；Arrange travelling-wave aerial array described in each road so that described in left side, each road in right side
Gradually increase, the reduction from top to bottom respectively of the length of travelling-wave aerial array, obtains the antenna assembly；
Control switching left side, travelling-wave aerial array described in each road in right side, realize that the switching of wave beam is pointed on left side, right side.
As the further improvement of the inventive method：The quantity of antenna radiation unit in the travelling-wave aerial array, specifically
Determined according to required maximum gain and half power lobe width and obtained；Arrangement is obtained after the antenna assembly, by setting each
The exciting current of the antenna radiation unit so that described in each road travelling-wave aerial array produce multiple wave beams maximum level with
Difference between minor level is more than predetermined threshold value.
As the further improvement of the inventive method：The equidistant arranged of each described antenna radiation unit is in substrate collection
Into waveguide core the same side, and longitudinal biasing distance is specified apart from waveguide core line；
The longitudinal biasing determination of distance step is：According to the excitation of calculated each antenna radiation unit
Electric current, calculates the electric conductivity value of each antenna radiation unit；According to calculated electric conductivity value, and electric conductivity value and antenna
The relation of radiating element longitudinal biasing, it is determined that obtaining the longitudinal biasing distance of each antenna radiation unit；
The determination step of the resonance length of each antenna radiation unit is：Set up based on the antenna of substrate integration wave-guide
Radiating element phantom, the antenna radiation unit phantom is input into and determines the longitudinal biasing distance for obtaining, when
Electric conductivity value reaches the length of the antenna radiation unit that maximum and susceptance are obtained when being zero, used as corresponding resonance length.
Compared with prior art, it is an advantage of the current invention that：
1) present invention is by arranging multiple antenna elements, and each antenna element arranges two-way travelling-wave aerial array, left side,
The length of each road travelling-wave aerial array in right side gradually increases, reduces change, so as to the travelling-wave aerial array gradually changed by length
The wave beam of multiple different deflection angles can be produced, the switching of multi-beam is realized, while being produced by each road travelling-wave aerial array in left side
The multiple wave cover left side specified ranges of life, and produced by each road travelling-wave aerial array in right side specified on the right side of multiple wave covers
Scope, enabling while covering left side, rightward space scope, the investigative range of radar antenna has been significantly greatly increased, realizes wide angle
Degree is covered；
2) present invention by gradually being increased by the length of side travelling-wave aerial array, the length of opposite side travelling-wave aerial array
It is gradually reduced, makes two-way travelling-wave aerial array in each antenna element according to long and short aerial array combined crosswise, obtain structure tight
The rectangular array structure gathered, antenna arrangement rationally, can to greatest extent reduce antenna array volume, so as to needed for reducing into
This.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the present embodiment beam switchable antenna assembly.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of travelling-wave aerial array in the specific embodiment of the invention..
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the substrate integration wave-guide employed in the specific embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 4 is the arrangement principle schematic of antenna radiation unit in the specific embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 5 is the azimuth plane antenna pattern that a travelling-wave aerial array is obtained in the specific embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 6 is the azimuth plane antenna pattern of the antenna assembly obtained in the specific embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 7 is the structural representation of antenna assembly in the specific embodiment of the invention.
Marginal data：1st, antenna element；11st, travelling-wave aerial array.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with Figure of description and concrete preferred embodiment, the invention will be further described, but not therefore and
Limit the scope of the invention.
As shown in figure 1, the present embodiment beam switchable antenna assembly includes multiple antenna elements 1 arranged by between-line spacing,
From left to right arranged for interval has a two-way travelling-wave aerial array 11 for receiving and dispatching radar high-frequency signal to each antenna element 1, left side,
Gradually increase, the reduction from top to bottom respectively of the length of each road travelling-wave aerial array 11 in right side, and cause each road travelling-wave aerial in left side
Array 11 can produce the wave beam of multiple different deflection sensings to cover left side specified range, and each road antenna travelling wave array in right side
Row 11 can produce the wave beam of multiple different deflection sensings to cover right side specified range.
The present embodiment beam switchable antenna assembly, specifically includes n antenna element 1, and n antenna element 1 includes altogether 2n
Road travelling-wave aerial array 11, is divided into left side C1~Cn aerial arrays and right side D1~Dn aerial arrays, left side C1~Cn antennas
From top to bottom length gradually increases array, and wherein Cn is first via aerial array, and correspondence most short antenna length, C1 is the n-th road day
Linear array, the most long antenna length of correspondence；From top to bottom length is gradually reduced right side D1~Dn aerial arrays, and wherein D1 is the first via
Aerial array, the most long antenna length of correspondence, Dn is the n-th road aerial array, corresponding most long antenna length.Certainly, each road row in left side
Wave antenna array 11 can also according to the actual requirements be set to length from top to bottom and be gradually reduced, each road travelling-wave aerial array in right side
11 can also according to the actual requirements be set to length from top to bottom gradually increases.
The length of aerial array is shorter, and half power lobe width is bigger, wave beam more deviates side in azimuth plane antenna pattern
Penetrate direction；Conversely, the length of aerial array is longer, half power lobe is less, and wave beam penetrates direction the closer to side.The present embodiment is above-mentioned
Beam switchable antenna assembly, by arranging multiple antenna elements 1, each antenna element 1 arranges two-way travelling-wave aerial array
11, left side, the length of each road travelling-wave aerial array 11 in right side gradually increase, reduce change, so as to the row gradually changed by length
Wave antenna array 11 can produce multiple wave beams of different deflection angles, realize the switching of multi-beam, while by each road row in left side
Wave antenna array 11 produces multiple wave cover left sides specified range, and is produced by each road travelling-wave aerial array 11 in right side multiple
Wave cover right side specified range, enabling while covering left side, rightward space scope, the spy of radar antenna has been significantly greatly increased
Scope is surveyed, realizes that wide angle is covered.
In the present embodiment, the travelling-wave aerial array 11 in left side and the transmission direction of travelling-wave aerial array 11 on right side conversely, from
And left side, right side designated space scope can be simultaneously covered, and the measurable angle range of multi-beam is greatly expanded, improve angle-resolved
Rate.
In the present embodiment, in each antenna element 1, the length of wherein side travelling-wave aerial array 11 gradually increases, another
The length of skidding wave antenna array 11 is gradually reduced so that each antenna element 1 is monolithically fabricated rectangular array structure.Such as Fig. 1 institutes
Show, the length of the concrete left side C1~Cn aerial arrays of the present embodiment gradually increases, the length of right side D1~Dn aerial arrays gradually
Reduce so that two-way travelling-wave aerial array 11 is the combined crosswise of long aerial array and short antenna array in each antenna element 1,
If first each antenna element 1 is by the aerial array Cn most long antenna lengths corresponding with right side of left side correspondence most short antenna length
Aerial array D1 combined crosswises arrangement obtain, finally constitute rectangular array structure C 0.Certainly in other embodiments, can be with
The length for being arranged as left side travelling-wave aerial array 11 is gradually reduced, the length of right side travelling-wave aerial array 11 gradually increases.
The present embodiment is by the length of side travelling-wave aerial array 11 by gradually being increased, opposite side travelling-wave aerial array 11
Length is gradually reduced, and two-way travelling-wave aerial array 11 in each antenna element 1 according to long and short aerial array combined crosswise, is obtained
To the rectangular array structure of compact conformation, antenna arrangement rationally, can to greatest extent reduce antenna array volume, so as to reduce
Required cost.
In the present embodiment, the left hand side antenna structure that each road travelling-wave aerial array 11 in left side is constituted, with each road traveling wave day in right side
The right side antenna structure centrosymmetry that linear array 11 is constituted.As shown in figure 1, the aerial array equal length of each antenna element 1,
By left side C1~Cn aerial array dextrorotation turnbacks, that is, obtain right side D1~Dn antenna array structures.By symmetrical both sides
Travelling-wave aerial array 11, then can get left side, the symmetrical spatial coverage in right side.Can certainly be covered according to actually required
The scope of lid, by the aerial array length of each antenna element 1 difference is set to.
Also include the beam switchover control unit being connected with each road travelling-wave aerial array 11, beam switchover control in the present embodiment
Unit control processed switches each road travelling-wave aerial array 11, realizes that aerial array switches, to control switching-beam.
In the present embodiment, the antenna radiation unit of the quantity such as each road travelling-wave aerial array 11 includes respectively, per road traveling wave day
There is the wave beam pointed to deflection needed for producing that specifies Spacing, i.e., by different spacing in linear array 11 between antenna radiation unit
Antenna radiation unit correspondence obtains the travelling-wave aerial array 11 of different length, by adjacent radiation unit in control aerial array
Spacing can control beam position.
When the spacing between adjacent antenna radiating element is not a waveguide wavelength, now aerial array is traveling wave battle array,
Beam position deviates from side and penetrates direction, wherein when a waveguide wavelength is smaller than, and array length is reduced, then beam position
While penetrating the direction left side；When spacing is more than a waveguide wavelength, and array length increases, then direction the right is penetrated on beam position side.
Spacing in each road travelling-wave aerial array 11 of the present embodiment between adjacent antenna radiating element is specifically less than a waveguide wavelength,
And the spacing between adjacent antenna radiating element is less, then direction is penetrated on wave beam more deviation side, can reduce antenna size so that day
Line structure is compact.The present embodiment is smaller than a waveguide by between the adjacent antenna radiating element of left side travelling-wave aerial array 11
Wavelength so that produce the wave beam for covering left side scope, and the length of wherein travelling-wave aerial array 11 is shorter, correspondence wave beam is more to the left
Deviate；A waveguide wavelength, and transmission side are smaller than in right side travelling-wave aerial array 11 between adjacent antenna radiating element
To contrary with left side travelling-wave aerial array 11 so that direction the right, and the wherein length of travelling-wave aerial array 11 are penetrated in beam position side
Degree is shorter, and more be deviated to the right side penetrates direction to correspondence wave beam.
The present embodiment is with specific reference to required maximum gain and half power lobe width, day in setting travelling-wave aerial array 11
The number of beta radiation unit, and while causing to obtain higher antenna gain, moreover it is possible to so that the detection width of radar is away from radar
It is unlikely to the too wide of diffusion compared with remote position, so as to the radiant array antenna for meeting narrow beam, high-gain radiation characteristic etc. will
Ask.
In the present embodiment, travelling-wave aerial array 11 is linear array antenna, and the polarization mode of linear array antenna can be inclined polarization, water
Mean pole, vertical polarization, left-hand circular polarization or right-handed circular polarization etc..
In the present embodiment, each road travelling-wave aerial array 11 is respectively print structure array antenna, can specifically adopt paster day
The print structure array antenna such as linear array or slot array antenna, it is also possible to according to the actual requirements using other forms array day
Line.The radiant body of each road travelling-wave aerial array 11 can be with identical, naturally it is also possible to different radiant bodies are respectively adopted.
Multiple wave beams of radiant array antenna are the main beam of active antenna directional diagram, on azimuth plane in addition to main beam
It is secondary lobe with other wave beams, in the present embodiment, maximum level and the pair of multiple wave beams that each road travelling-wave aerial array 11 is produced
Difference between lobe is more than predetermined threshold value (specifically taking 18dB), the i.e. maximum level of main beam at least 18dB bigger than secondary lobe；Pass through
The current excitation amplitude of each antenna radiation unit is set so that there is each antenna radiation unit unequal power to distribute, is made each
The maximum level at least 18dB bigger than secondary lobe of the main beam of road travelling-wave aerial array 11, can be significantly reduced outside main beam
The interference of target.
In the present embodiment, each road travelling-wave aerial array 11 is specifically printed on high frequency substrate.
Hereinafter left side, 60 degree of right side are covered each by produce multi-beam, are covered altogether as a example by 120 degree of angular ranges, further
Illustrate the present invention.
As shown in Fig. 2~7, according to adjacent slits spacing and the relation of antenna deflection angle in the present embodiment, concrete arrangement
No. 26 travelling-wave aerial arrays 11, left side arranges the travelling-wave aerial array 11 that 13 tunnels have different spacing, realizes the 60 degree of spaces in left side
Cover, and right side arranges the travelling-wave aerial array 11 that 13 tunnels have different spacing, realizes that 60 degree of right side space covers；Left side 13
From top to bottom length is gradually changed for road aerial array and the road aerial array of right side 13 so that often row aerial array is handed over one by one by length
Fork assembled arrangement, is monolithically fabricated rectangular array structure, wherein right side aerial array can be turned clockwise by left hand side antenna array
180 degree is obtained.Antenna arrangement by beam switchover control unit as shown in fig. 7, realize that wave beam submatrix switches.
As shown in Fig. 2 travelling-wave aerial array 11 adopts slot array antenna, slot antenna array element polarization side in the present embodiment
Formula is chosen to be vertical mode, and 30 slot elements are specifically arranged in travelling-wave aerial array 11, to realize that high-gain, narrow beam are special
Property, while each slot element is arranged at equal intervals the same side of substrate integration wave-guide (SIW) centrage, by increasing gap
Spacing between unit, it is possible to reduce the mutual coupling between radiating element.It is integrated that 30 gap array element constitutes in a manner described substrate
Waveguide (SIW) traveling-wave fed slot arrays, one end is feed port, the other end is matching port, obtains travelling-wave aerial array 11.
As shown in figure 3, the substrate integration wave-guide employed in the present embodiment is the plane guided wave being integrated on dielectric substrate
Structure, makes the parallel plated-through hole array of two rows in dielectric substrate and upper lower conductor, forms the class waveguide of quasi- closing
Structure, has the advantages that small volume, lightweight, compact conformation, easily integrated with high frequency signals circuit.The present embodiment is by setting
Substrate integration wave-guide width a, through-hole diameter d and through hole period p are put, is negligible energy leakage between through hole so that base
Piece integrated waveguide can be equivalent to Filled Dielectrics rectangular waveguide.After obtaining travelling-wave aerial array 11 in a manner described, from feed end
The energy of mouth feed-in is pressed to specify and distributed to each slot element than row, and is radiate in vertical polarization mode, is obtained according to required
To the antenna pattern of azimuth plane determine the CURRENT DISTRIBUTION of each slot element, and according to the deflection angle of required generation wave beam
Degree determines the spacing between adjacent slits unit.
The substrate integrated waveguide single slit die type set up in the present embodiment is illustrated in figure 4, upper and lower quasi-periodic is arranged with
Plated-through hole, the side of slot element heart line in the waveguide, the longitudinal biasing of the centre-to-centre spacing waveguide core line of slot element away from
From for x, it is short-circuit face that left end is feed end, right-hand member.Horizontal range of the slit centers away from feed end is specially 1/2nd guided waves
Long, horizontal range of the slit centers away from short-circuit face is specially a quarter guide wavelength.By gap longitudinal biasing apart from x, based on upper
The slot element model of foundation is stated, when gap electric conductivity value is maximum and susceptance is zero, the resonance length of slot element is obtained.
The azimuth plane antenna pattern of the travelling-wave aerial array 11 obtained in the present embodiment is illustrated in figure 5, wherein
It it is 5.7 degree in the half-power beam width of azimuth plane antenna pattern, minor level is less than -22dB, direction is penetrated on wave beam deflection side
43.2 degree.
The azimuth plane antenna pattern that left side No. 13 travelling-wave aerial array 11 is obtained is illustrated in figure 6, from figure, phase
The spacing less (aerial array is shorter) in adjacent gap, corresponding wave beam is more turned left deviation, and half power lobe width is bigger, antenna
Gain is less, and the tunnel traveling-wave array antennas of final You Gai 13 can cover side and penetrate 60 degree of scopes of direction left field.
The present embodiment further discloses the method for realizing above-mentioned beam switchable antenna assembly, and step includes：
Left side, the quantity of right side travelling-wave aerial array 11 arranged according to needed for the scope of required covering determines respectively, with
And the length of every road travelling-wave aerial array 11；Arrange each road travelling-wave aerial array 11 so that left side, each road antenna travelling wave array in right side
Gradually increase, the reduction from top to bottom respectively of the length of row 11, obtains said antenna device；
Control switching left side, each road travelling-wave aerial array 11 in right side, realize that the switching of wave beam is pointed on left side, right side.
Using said method, can realize the wave beams pointed to multiple different deflections cover simultaneously left side specified range,
The antenna assembly of right side specified range, with multi-beam handoff functionality and wide coverage, and the compact conformation of antenna assembly,
Front area is little.
In the present embodiment, the quantity of antenna radiation unit in travelling-wave aerial array 11, with specific reference to required maximum gain and
Half power lobe width determine obtain so that obtain needed for antenna performance while, moreover it is possible to so that the detection width of radar away from
Radar is unlikely to the too wide of diffusion compared with remote position, realizes narrow beam, high-gain radiation characteristic.Arrangement obtains antenna assembly
Afterwards, by setting the exciting current of each antenna radiation unit so that multiple wave beams that each road travelling-wave aerial array 11 is produced
Difference between maximum level and minor level is more than predetermined threshold value (specifically taking 18dB).By arranging each antenna radiation unit
Current excitation amplitude so that there is each antenna radiation unit unequal power to distribute, and can be significantly reduced from main beam
The interference of outer target.
In the present embodiment, the equidistant arranged of each antenna radiation unit in substrate integration wave-guide center the same side, and
Longitudinal biasing distance is specified apart from waveguide core line；
Longitudinal biasing determination of distance step is：According to the exciting current of calculated each antenna radiation unit, meter
Calculate the electric conductivity value of each antenna radiation unit；Indulged with antenna radiation unit according to calculated electric conductivity value, and electric conductivity value
To the relation of biasing, it is determined that obtaining the longitudinal biasing distance of each antenna radiation unit；
The determination step of the resonance length of each antenna radiation unit is：Set up based on the aerial radiation of substrate integration wave-guide
Unit phantom, antenna radiation unit phantom is input into and determines the longitudinal biasing distance for obtaining, when electric conductivity value reaches most
The length of the antenna radiation unit for obtaining greatly and when susceptance is zero, as corresponding resonance length.
The present embodiment realizes that the antenna assembly as shown in Fig. 2~7 is concretely comprised the following steps：
1. the exciting current of each slot element is calculated according to required minor level (specially -30dB)；
Using Taylor be distributed in the calculated array of travelling-wave aerial all the way 11 30 slot excitation CURRENT DISTRIBUTION from a left side to
The right side is followed successively by：
0.245:0.266:0.306:0.362:0.430:0.506:0.585:0.663:0.738:0.807:0.868:
0.919:0.959:0.986:1:1:0.986:0.959:0.919:0.868:0.807:0.738:0.663:0.585:0.506:
0.430:0.362:0.306:0.266:0.245。
2. the electric conductivity value of each slot element is calculated according to calculated exciting current；
30 yuan of gap conductance distributions are specifically calculated using MATLAB based on formula (1), each slot element is from left to right
The distribution of gap conductance be followed successively by：
0.003:0.004:0.005:0.007:0.010:0.015:0.020:0.027:0.034:0.042:0.052:
0.061:0.072:0.082:0.092:0.101:0.109:0.115:0.118:0.118:0.113:0.104:0.092:
0.077:0.061:0.046:0.034:0.025:0.019:0.017。
Wherein, q, α are the waveguide attenuation factor, and d is adjacent slits spacing, and E is each slot current.
3. by electric conductivity value and the relation of gap longitudinal biasing distance, in drawing each slot element and waveguide according to formula (2)
Longitudinal biasing between heart line is apart from x；
Wherein, λgFor waveguide wavelength, λ is operation wavelength, and a is equivalent waveguide width, and b is dielectric thickness, x slit centers lines
With the longitudinal biasing distance of substrate integration wave-guide centrage.
4. based on substrate integrated waveguide single seam phantom (as shown in Figure 4), above-mentioned calculated longitudinal biasing away from
Under x, the gap length obtained when electric conductivity value reaches maximum and susceptance is zero is resonance length.
Above-mentioned simply presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, not makees any pro forma restriction to the present invention.Although of the invention
It is disclosed above with preferred embodiment, but it is not limited to the present invention.Therefore, it is every without departing from technical solution of the present invention
Content, according to the technology of the present invention essence to any simple modification made for any of the above embodiments, equivalent variations and modification, all should fall
In the range of technical solution of the present invention protection.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of beam switchable antenna assembly, it is characterised in that including multiple antenna elements (1) arranged by between-line spacing, often
From left to right arranged for interval has two-way travelling-wave aerial array for receiving and dispatching radar high-frequency signal to the individual antenna element (1)
(11), length gradually increase, the reduction from top to bottom respectively of left side, travelling-wave aerial array (11) described in each road in right side, and cause
Travelling-wave aerial array (11) described in each road in left side can produce the wave beam of multiple different deflection sensings to cover left side specified range,
And travelling-wave aerial array (11) described in each road in right side can produce the wave beam of multiple different deflection sensings to specify on the right side of covering
Scope.
2. beam switchable antenna assembly according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In each described antenna element (1),
Wherein described in side the length of travelling-wave aerial array (11) gradually increase, the length of travelling-wave aerial array (11) described in opposite side by
It is decrescence little so that each described antenna element (1) is monolithically fabricated rectangular array structure.
3. beam switchable antenna assembly according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：Antenna travelling wave array described in each road in left side
The left hand side antenna structure that row (11) are constituted, during the right side antenna structure constituted with travelling-wave aerial array (11) described in each road in right side is
The heart is symmetrical.
4. beam switchable antenna assembly according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The travelling-wave aerial array in left side
(11) it is contrary with travelling-wave aerial array (11) transmission direction on right side.
5. the beam switchable antenna assembly according to any one in Claims 1 to 4, it is characterised in that also include with
The beam switchover control unit of travelling-wave aerial array (11) connection described in each road, the beam switchover control unit control switching is each
Travelling-wave aerial array (11) described in road, to control switching-beam.
6. beam switchable antenna assembly according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：Travelling-wave aerial array described in each road
(11) antenna radiation unit of quantity such as include respectively, per antenna radiation unit described in travelling-wave aerial array (11) described in road it
Between there is the wave beam pointed to deflection needed for producing that specifies Spacing.
7. beam switchable antenna assembly according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：The travelling-wave aerial array (11) is
The linear array antenna of inclined polarization, horizontal polarization, vertical polarization, left-hand circular polarization or right-handed circular polarization；Antenna travelling wave array described in each road
Row (11) are respectively print structure array antenna；The printed array antenna is patch antenna array or slot array antenna.
8. the method for being used to realize the beam switchable antenna assembly in claim 1~7 described in any one, its feature exists
In methods described includes：
Left side, the quantity of the right side travelling-wave aerial array (11) arranged according to needed for the scope of required covering determines respectively,
And the length of travelling-wave aerial array (11) described in per road；Arrange travelling-wave aerial array (11) described in each road so that left side, right side
Gradually increase, the reduction from top to bottom respectively of the length of travelling-wave aerial array (11) described in each road, obtains the antenna assembly；
Control switching left side, travelling-wave aerial array (11) described in each road in right side, realize that the switching of wave beam is pointed on left side, right side.
9. method according to claim 8, it is characterised in that：Antenna radiation unit in the travelling-wave aerial array (11)
Quantity, determines with specific reference to required maximum gain and half power lobe width and obtains；Arrangement obtains after the antenna assembly, passing through
Set the exciting current of each antenna radiation unit so that multiple wave beams that travelling-wave aerial array (11) described in each road is produced
Maximum level and minor level between difference be more than predetermined threshold value.
10. method according to claim 9, it is characterised in that：The equidistant arranged of each described antenna radiation unit
In substrate integration wave-guide center the same side, and longitudinal biasing distance is specified apart from waveguide core line；
The longitudinal biasing determination of distance step is：According to the excitation electricity of calculated each antenna radiation unit
Stream, calculates the electric conductivity value of each antenna radiation unit；According to calculated electric conductivity value, and electric conductivity value and antenna spoke
The relation of unit longitudinal biasing is penetrated, it is determined that obtaining the longitudinal biasing distance of each antenna radiation unit；
The determination step of the resonance length of each antenna radiation unit is：Set up based on the aerial radiation of substrate integration wave-guide
Unit phantom, the antenna radiation unit phantom is input into and determines the longitudinal biasing distance for obtaining, and works as conductance
Value reaches the length of the antenna radiation unit that maximum and susceptance are obtained when being zero, used as corresponding resonance length.
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