CN106680106B - Mud stone, drilling fluid interaction imitative experimental appliance and method under formation condition - Google Patents
Mud stone, drilling fluid interaction imitative experimental appliance and method under formation condition Download PDFInfo
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- CN106680106B CN106680106B CN201710010420.1A CN201710010420A CN106680106B CN 106680106 B CN106680106 B CN 106680106B CN 201710010420 A CN201710010420 A CN 201710010420A CN 106680106 B CN106680106 B CN 106680106B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
- G01N3/18—Performing tests at high or low temperatures
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0016—Tensile or compressive
- G01N2203/0019—Compressive
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/003—Generation of the force
- G01N2203/0042—Pneumatic or hydraulic means
- G01N2203/0048—Hydraulic means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/022—Environment of the test
- G01N2203/0222—Temperature
- G01N2203/0226—High temperature; Heating means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/022—Environment of the test
- G01N2203/023—Pressure
- G01N2203/0232—High pressure
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Abstract
The present invention relates to mud stone, drilling fluid interaction imitative experimental appliance and methods under a kind of formation condition, its technical solution includes high temperature and high pressure kettle, borehole fluid system, confining pressure system, computer system, heating system, temperature control box, sensing system, and computer system is connected with borehole fluid system, confining pressure system, high temperature and high pressure kettle and sensing system respectively；Confining pressure blow valve and drilling fluid blow valve are housed on high temperature and high pressure kettle；The other end of confining pressure system is connected with high temperature and high pressure kettle；The other end of borehole fluid system is connected with high temperature and high pressure kettle；Heating system is wrapped in the outside of high temperature and high pressure kettle；Temperature control box respectively be connected inside and outside high temperature and high pressure kettle.The present invention solves the test problem of mud stone, the imitative experimental appliance of drilling fluid interaction and rock mechanics parameters under stratum high-temperature condition of high voltage, for obtaining influence of the drilling fluid to mud stone mechanical property in stratum high-temperature hyperbaric environment, experimental data is provided for live drilling well, instructs the probing of oil gas, geothermal energy resources.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of oil field rock mechanics imitative experimental appliance and method, in particular to mud under a kind of formation condition
Rock, drilling fluid interaction imitative experimental appliance and method.
Background technique
Currently, ultra-deep well drilling engineering is all being implemented in the oil fields such as Tarim Basin, Xinjiang, the bottom hole temperature (BHT) of many wells is high, together
When some geothermal wells bottom hole temperature (BHT) up to 400 DEG C, and strata pressure is high.During deep drilling, due to geothermal gradient and
The presence of barometric gradient, wellbore is deeper, and the temperature and pressure in pit shaft will become higher.High temperature and pressure is to mud stone mechanical characteristic
Influence can be very big, and under the high temperature conditions, the chemical characteristic of drilling fluid can change, influence between mud stone and drilling fluid
Interaction, keep mud stone mechanical property more complicated with the deterioration rule of mud soak time.
In recent years, although being attempted to mutual by the accurate mud stone of method acquisition and drilling fluid of simulation laboratory test
Rock mechanics parameters after effect, but due to formation lithology, stress state, temperature etc. require it is very high, laboratory experiment have one
Fixed limitation, error are larger.Such as application No. is a kind of drilling fluids and mud that the patent of invention of CN201610303368.4 is announced
The evaluation method of shale formation physical and chemical effect, although the rock core point after the interaction of achievable conventional drilling fluid and rock core
Analysis, but hot conditions cannot be simulated by testing process.Russia, the U.S. carat graduate of Ma He state university's porous media dynamics
Persons have invented IDSTDTM experimental provision, the device can be used for testing smaller size of cylinder rock sample (2.01cm ×
0.72cm), but the equipment cannot reflect the deformation parameter during mud stone and drilling fluid interaction in real time, equally can not
Realize 200 DEG C or more of high temperature.
In fact the interaction between mud stone and drilling fluid is influenced very big by high temperature and high pressure environment.Mud stone is contacted with drilling fluid
The variation of mechanics parameter directly affects wellbore and bores the stability for opening the rear borehole wall afterwards.Utilize the drilling fluid pair measured under non-formation temperature
Mud stone deformation, the influence of damage parameter may generate biggish error to carry out wellbore stability analysis and dr illing fluid design.
It is anxious for the changing rule of mud stone mechanical property after with accurately obtaining high temperature and pressure mfs layer and drilling fluid interaction
The imitative experimental appliance that can really reflect mud stone, drilling fluid interaction under formation temperature and pressure condition need to be developed.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to drawbacks described above of the existing technology, mud stone under a kind of formation condition is provided, is bored
Well liquid interacts imitative experimental appliance and method, mud stone under the conditions of simulated formation temperature and pressure that can be more authentic and valid
With the interaction of drilling fluid.
Mud stone, drilling fluid interaction imitative experimental appliance, technical solution under a kind of formation condition that the present invention mentions
It is: including high temperature and high pressure kettle (1), borehole fluid system (2), confining pressure system (3), computer system (4), heating system (5), first
Blow valve (7), the second blow valve (12), temperature control box (17) and deformation-sensor (23),
One end of the borehole fluid system (2) is connected by first data transmission line (9) with computer system (4), and by
Computer system (4) control；The other end of borehole fluid system (2) by the first high pressure line (10) pass through heating system (5) with
High temperature and high pressure kettle (1) bottom end is connected, for applying drilling liquid pressure to the rock core in high temperature and high pressure kettle (1)；
One end of confining pressure system (3) is connected by the second data line (13) with computer system (4), and by computer
System (4) control；The other end of confining pressure system (3) passes through heating system (5) and high temperature and pressure by the second high pressure line (14)
Kettle (1) is connected, for applying confining pressure to the rock core in high temperature and high pressure kettle (1)；
First blow valve (7) is mounted on third high pressure line (8), and passes through heating system by third high pressure line (8)
System (5) is connected with high temperature and high pressure kettle (1), to realize the emptying to confining pressure fluid in high temperature and high pressure kettle (1)；
Second blow valve (12) is mounted on the 4th high pressure line (11), and passes through heating by the 4th high pressure line (11)
System (5) is connected with high temperature and high pressure kettle (1), to realize the outflow of drilling fluid in high temperature and high pressure kettle (1)；
Heating system (5) is wrapped in the outside of high temperature and high pressure kettle (1), using electromagnetic wave heating principle, to high temperature and high pressure kettle
(1) fluid and rock core in are heated；
One end of third data line (15) is connected with computer system (4), third data line (15) it is another
End is connected across heating system (5) with high temperature and high pressure kettle (1), for realizing computer system (4) to high temperature and high pressure kettle (1) interior rock
The monitoring of heart axial deformation.
One end of 4th data line (6) is connected with computer system (4), the other end of the 4th data line (6)
It is connected across heating system (5) with high temperature and high pressure kettle (1), for realizing computer system (4) to high temperature and high pressure kettle (1) interior rock core
The monitoring of radial deformation.
One end of 5th data line (16) is connected with temperature control box (17), on the other end of the 5th data line (16)
Equipped with temperature sensor, passes through and be connected on the inside of heating system (5) and high temperature and high pressure kettle (1), for temperature control box (17) to high temperature height
Press the monitoring of kettle (1) interior core temperature.
One end of 6th data line (18) is connected with temperature control box (17), on the other end of the 6th data line (18)
Equipped with temperature sensor, passes through and be connected on the outside of heating system (5) and high temperature and high pressure kettle (1), for temperature control box (17) to high temperature height
Press the monitoring of kettle (1) temperature outside.
One end of 7th data line (19) is connected with temperature control box (17), and the other end is connected with computer system (4),
Automatically recording and controlling for realizing autoclave temp.
Preferably, above-mentioned high temperature and high pressure kettle (1) includes rock core (20), push-down head (21), seaming chuck (22), sensing system
(23), rock core (20) is sandwiched between seaming chuck (22) and push-down head (21), and rock core (20) passes through copper sheathing (25), the first small graphite
Ring (26), the second small graphite annulus (28) and steel pipe (29) are sealed, and high temperature and high pressure kettle (1) uses big graphite annulus (24) flexible
It is sealed, deformation-sensor (23) is located on the outside of rock core, for realizing the monitoring deformed to rock core.
Preferably, the centre of above-mentioned push-down head (21) is equipped with circular channel, drilling fluid to be transmitted in rock core, realizes
The flowing of fluid；With fluted, convenient for drilling fluid in core entry end face flowing on the upper end section of push-down head (21).
Preferably, the centre of above-mentioned seaming chuck (22) is equipped with circular channel, and draws from the side wall of seaming chuck (22), is formed
L shape channel design realizes the flowing of fluid drilling fluid to be transmitted in rock core from seaming chuck outer wall；Seaming chuck (22)
With fluted on lower end surface section, convenient for drilling fluid rock core exit end face flowing.
Preferably, above-mentioned steel pipe (29) is made of thick-walled rigid material, and tube wall surrounding is provided with some apertures, it is ensured that confining pressure can
To act on copper sheathing (25), transmitting confining pressure gives rock core (20), while making deformation-sensor (23) that can pass through steel by aperture
Pipe (29) is connected with copper sheathing (25), realizes the monitoring of rock core deformation.
Preferably, the wall thickness of above-mentioned copper sheathing (25) is less than 0.2mm, is formed by red copper bar turnery processing, and passes through Vacuum Heat
Processing has extremely strong flexibility, is also able to maintain stronger deformation behaviour while effectively isolation confining pressure.
Preferably, the top of above-mentioned seaming chuck (22) and the lower part of push-down head (21) fill respectively the first small graphite annulus (26),
Second small graphite annulus (28), and upper pressing cap (27) are installed on the top of the first small graphite annulus (26), under the second small graphite annulus (28)
Portion is installed by lower pressing cap (30).
Preferably, the confining pressure fluid in above-mentioned high temperature and high pressure kettle (1) uses high temperature resistant silicone oil.
The application method of mud stone under a kind of formation condition that the present invention mentions, drilling fluid interaction imitative experimental appliance,
Including following experimental procedure:
(1) prepare rock core (20), and rock core both ends of the surface are parallel；
(2) rock core (20) to be tested is mounted in copper sheathing (25), rock core (20) and copper sheathing (25) is then put into steel pipe
(29) in, the top of seaming chuck (22) and the lower part of push-down head (21) install the first small graphite annulus (26), the second small graphite respectively
Ring (28) installs upper pressing cap (27) and lower pressing cap (30) later；
It (3) will be with the first small graphite annulus (26), the second small graphite annulus (28) using upper pressing cap (27), lower pressing cap (30)
In seaming chuck (22), push-down head (21) indentation copper sheathing (25), make rock core (20) in the central location of copper sheathing (25) and steel pipe (29),
Upper pressing cap (27) and lower pressing cap (30) are squeezed to the first small graphite annulus (26), the second small graphite annulus (28) simultaneously, made first small
Graphite annulus (26), the second small graphite annulus (28) deformation, deformed small graphite annulus closely press copper sheathing (25) in steel pipe
(29) on, it is ensured that rock core (20) sealing is tight；
(4) it after deformation-sensor system (23) being installed on the outside of rock core, is placed in high temperature and high pressure kettle (1)；
(5) confining pressure system (3) are opened, made in high temperature and high pressure kettle (1) full of high temperature resistant silicone oil；
(6) the second blow valve (12) are opened, is controlled to a vacuum pump, vacuumizes；
(7) using computer system (4) control confining pressure system (3) to confining pressure is applied in high temperature and high pressure kettle (1), when confining pressure reaches
When to setting value, keep confining pressure constant using servo-control system；It is given again with computer system (4) control borehole fluid system (2)
High temperature and high pressure kettle (1) interior rock core (20) applies drilling liquid pressure, when drilling liquid pressure reaches setting value, and utilizes SERVO CONTROL
System maintains drilling liquid pressure constant；
(8) temperature control box (17) are opened, and target temperature is set, high temperature and high pressure kettle (1) interior fluid is heated, until temperature
Degree reaches setting value, keeps each pressure constant in heating process；Guarantee temperature, each pressure in the entire experiment process after the completion of heating
Power remains unchanged；
(9) axially and radially deforming with rock core and drilling fluid time of contact using computer system (4) record rock core
Changing rule；
(10) after the interaction time of rock core and drilling fluid reaches setting value, increase the axial stress of rock core, until
Rock core (20) destroys, and measures the mechanics parameter of rock core after reacting with drilling fluid, thus obtain impregnate drilling fluid for
The influence of the mechanics parameter of rock core；
(11) high temperature and high pressure kettle temperature is reduced, cools to 100 DEG C hereinafter, start to unload drilling liquid pressure, confining pressure simultaneously again,
Opened after release the first blow valve (7), the second blow valve (12), dismantle high temperature and high pressure kettle (1), take out deformation-sensor (23) and
It tests rock core (20), experiment is completed.
Preferably, in step 1, the standard of rock core is diameter 25mm, height 50mm；In addition, in step 6, the second emptying
Valve (12) is opened, and is controlled to a vacuum pump, is vacuumized 4h.
Compared with the existing technology, its advantages are as follows by the present invention:
(1), the present invention solve mud stone under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions with the mechanical property testing after drilling fluid interaction
Problem, can more actually restore affecting laws of the mud stone in stratum Temperature-pressure Conditions by mud soak, more refer to field application
The property led avoids the generation of drilling complexity accident；
(2), main equipment used in the present invention is transformed on the basis of original rock three-axis force experimental facilities,
Not only cost is greatly saved, but also is able to satisfy requirement of experiment；
(3), it is heated on the outside of high temperature and high pressure kettle using electromagnetic heating system, not only ensure that the safety of heating process, but also
Temperature can be made to reach the requirement (500 DEG C of highest) of stratum actual temperature in petroleum and geothermal drilling；
(4), the sealing between rock core and confining pressure fluid is carried out using the copper sheathing through vacuum heat treatment, in effectively transmitting confining pressure
It can also deform simultaneously with rock core.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is high temperature and high pressure kettle schematic diagram of internal structure；
Fig. 3 is rock core sealed structural schematic diagram；
Fig. 4 is push-down head schematic diagram in high temperature and high pressure kettle；
Fig. 5 is the top view of push-down head in high temperature and high pressure kettle；
Fig. 6 is seaming chuck schematic diagram in high temperature and high pressure kettle；
Fig. 7 is the bottom view of seaming chuck in high temperature and high pressure kettle；
In figure, 1, high temperature and high pressure kettle, 2, borehole fluid system, 3, confining pressure system, 4, computer system, 5, heating system, 6,
4th data line, the 7, first blow valve, 8, third high pressure line, 9, first data transmission line, the 10, first high pressure line,
11, the 4th high pressure line, the 12, second blow valve, the 13, second data line, the 14, second high pressure line, 15, third data biography
Defeated line, the 16, the 5th data line, 17, temperature control box, the 18, the 6th data line, the 19, the 7th data line, 20, rock core,
21, push-down head, 22, seaming chuck, 23, deformation-sensor, 24, big graphite annulus, 25, copper sheathing, the 26, first small graphite annulus, 27, upper pressure
Cap, the 28, second small graphite annulus, 29, steel pipe, 30, lower pressing cap.
Specific embodiment
Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, it should be understood that preferred reality described herein
Apply example only for the purpose of illustrating and explaining the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, under the measurement high temperature and pressure that the present invention mentions mud stone, drilling fluid interaction experimental provision, it is main
It include: high temperature and high pressure kettle 1, borehole fluid system 2, confining pressure system 3, computer system 4, heating system 5, the first blow valve 7,
Two blow valves 12, temperature control box 17.
One end of the borehole fluid system 2 is connected by first data transmission line 9 with computer system 4, and by computer
System 4 controls；The other end of borehole fluid system 2 passes through heating system 5 and 1 bottom end of high temperature and high pressure kettle by the first high pressure line 10
It is connected, for applying drilling liquid pressure to the rock core in high temperature and high pressure kettle 1；
One end of confining pressure system 3 is connected by the second data line 13 with computer system 4, and by computer system 4
Control；The other end of confining pressure system 3 passes through heating system 5 by the second high pressure line 14 and is connected with high temperature and high pressure kettle 1, for giving
Rock core in high temperature and high pressure kettle 1 applies confining pressure.
First blow valve 7 is mounted on third high pressure line 8, and passes through heating system 5 and height by third high pressure line 8
Warm autoclave 1 is connected, to realize the emptying to confining pressure fluid in high temperature and high pressure kettle 1.
Second blow valve 12 is mounted on the 4th high pressure line 11, and passes through heating system 5 by the 4th high pressure line 11
It is connected with high temperature and high pressure kettle 1, to realize the outflow of drilling fluid in high temperature and high pressure kettle 1.
Heating system 5 is wrapped in the outside of high temperature and high pressure kettle 1, using electromagnetic wave heating principle, in high temperature and high pressure kettle 1
Fluid and rock core are heated；
One end of third data line 15 is connected with computer system 4, and the other end of third data line 15 passes through
Heating system 5 is connected with high temperature and high pressure kettle 1, for realizing computer system 4 to the prison of rock core axial deformation in high temperature and high pressure kettle 1
It surveys.
One end of 4th data line 6 is connected with computer system 4, and the other end of the 4th data line 6, which passes through, to be added
Warm system 5 is connected with high temperature and high pressure kettle 1, for realizing computer system 4 to the prison of rock core radial deformation in high temperature and high pressure kettle 1
It surveys.
One end of 5th data line 16 is connected with temperature control box 17, equipped with temperature on the other end of the 5th data line 16
Sensor is spent, passes through and is connected on the inside of heating system 5 and high temperature and high pressure kettle 1, for temperature control box 17 to 1 core temperature of high temperature and high pressure kettle
Monitoring.
One end of 6th data line 18 is connected with temperature control box 17, equipped with temperature on the other end of the 6th data line 18
Sensor is spent, passes through and is connected on the outside of heating system 5 and high temperature and high pressure kettle 1, for temperature control box 17 to 1 temperature outside of high temperature and high pressure kettle
Monitoring.
One end of 7th data line 19 is connected with temperature control box 17, and the other end is connected with computer system 4, for real
Existing autoclave temp automatically recording and controlling.
As shown in Fig. 2, high temperature and high pressure kettle 1, including rock core 20, push-down head 21, seaming chuck 22, sensing system 23.Rock core
20 are sandwiched between seaming chuck 22 and push-down head 21, and high temperature and high pressure kettle 1 is sealed using big graphite annulus 24 flexible, graphite annulus
High temperature high voltage resistant characteristic may insure the sealing in high temperature and pressure, deformation-sensor 23 is located on the outside of rock core, is used for
Realize the monitoring deformed to rock core.
As shown in figure 3, passing through copper sheathing 25, the first small graphite annulus 26, the second small graphite annulus 28 and steel between rock core and confining pressure
Pipe 29 is sealed.Rock core 20 to be tested is in copper sheathing 25, and copper sheathing 25 is placed in steel pipe 29, the top of seaming chuck 22 and pushing
First 21 lower part is respectively provided with the first small graphite annulus 26, the second small graphite annulus 28, and upper pressing cap 27 and lower pressing cap 30 are housed later.Benefit
Seaming chuck 22, push-down head 21 with the first small graphite annulus 26, the second small graphite annulus 28 are pressed into upper pressing cap 27, lower pressing cap 30
In copper sheathing 25.Ensure rock core 20 in the central location of copper sheathing 25 and steel pipe 29, by upper pressing cap 27 and lower pressing cap 30 simultaneously to first
Small graphite annulus 26, the second small graphite annulus 28 squeeze, and deform the first small graphite annulus 26, the second small graphite annulus 28, the first small graphite
Ring 26, the second small graphite annulus 28 closely press copper sheathing 25 on steel pipe 29, it is ensured that the sealing between rock core 20 and confining pressure.
29 surrounding of steel pipe is provided with some apertures, it is ensured that confining pressure can act on copper sheathing 25, transmit confining pressure to rock core 20, together
When allow deformation-sensor 23 by aperture pass through steel pipe 29 be connected with copper sheathing, realization rock core deform monitoring.
25 wall thickness of copper sheathing is 0.2mm, is formed by red copper bar turnery processing, and added vacuum heat treatment, is had extremely strong soft
Toughness is also able to maintain stronger deformation behaviour while effectively isolation confining pressure.
As illustrated in figures 4-5, the centre of push-down head 21 is equipped with circular channel, drilling fluid to be transmitted in rock core, realizes
The flowing of fluid；With fluted, convenient for drilling fluid in core entry end face flowing on the upper end section of push-down head 21.
As shown in fig. 6-7, circular channel is equipped in seaming chuck 22, to realize that drilling fluid is flowed out from rock core end face；Upper pressure
With fluted on first 22 lower end surface section, convenient for drilling fluid rock core exit end face flowing.
The application method of mud stone under a kind of formation condition of the present invention, drilling fluid interaction imitative experimental appliance,
Using above-mentioned experimental provision, steps are as follows for specific experiment:
(1) prepare rock core 20.Rock core standard is diameter 25mm, height 50mm, need to guarantee rock core both ends of the surface to reduce error
It is substantially parallel；
(2) rock core 20 to be tested is mounted in copper sheathing 25, then rock core 20 and copper sheathing 25 is put into steel pipe 29, seaming chuck
22 top and the lower part of push-down head 21 install the first small graphite annulus 26, the second small graphite annulus 28, install later upper pressing cap 27 and
Lower pressing cap 30；
(3) seaming chuck of the first small graphite annulus 26, the second small graphite annulus 28 will be had using upper pressing cap 27, lower pressing cap 30
22, push-down head 21 is pressed into copper sheathing 25, it is ensured that rock core 20 is in the central location of copper sheathing 25 and steel pipe 29.Firmly by upper pressing cap 27 and
Lower pressing cap 30 is squeezed to the first small graphite annulus 26, the second small graphite annulus 28 simultaneously, makes the first small graphite annulus 26, the second small graphite annulus
28 deformations, deformed small graphite annulus closely press copper sheathing 25 on steel pipe 29, it is ensured that the sealing of rock core 20；
(4) deformation-sensor system 23 will be installed on the outside of rock core to be placed in high temperature and high pressure kettle 1；
(5) confining pressure system 3 is opened, is made in high temperature and high pressure kettle 1 full of high temperature resistant silicone oil；
(6) the second blow valve 12 is opened, is controlled to a vacuum pump, vacuumizes 4h；
(7) confining pressure system 3 is controlled to confining pressure is applied in high temperature and high pressure kettle 1, when confining pressure reaches setting using computer system 4
It (is determined according to the horizontally stress intensity on stratum, this experiment is 40MPa) when value, keeps confining pressure permanent using servo-control system
It is fixed；Borehole fluid system 2 is controlled with computer system 4 again and applies drilling liquid pressure to rock core 20 in high temperature and high pressure kettle 1, works as drilling fluid
When pressure reaches setting value (drilling liquid pressure size when according to actual well drilled determines that this experiment is 35MPa), and utilizes and watch
Taking control system maintains drilling liquid pressure constant；
(8) temperature control box 17 is opened, and target temperature (such as this rock to be measured is arranged according to the actual temperature on stratum where rock core
The temperature on stratum locating for the heart is 200 DEG C), fluid in high temperature and high pressure kettle 1 is heated, until temperature reaches 200 DEG C, it is heated
Keep each pressure constant in journey；Guarantee that temperature, each pressure remain unchanged in the entire experiment process after the completion of heating；
(9) change of rock core axially and radially deformed with rock core and drilling fluid time of contact is recorded using computer system 4
Law calculates absorb water after by the mud soak axial expansion of generation of rock core according to record result and strains and be radially expanded and answer
Become；
(10) it (can be set according to the actual well drilled time after the interaction time of rock core 20 and drilling fluid reaches setting value
It is fixed, one group of rock core can also be used and carry out the Mechanics Performance Testing after multiple reaction time), increase the axial stress of rock core 20, directly
It is destroyed to rock core 20, measures the mechanics parameter and deformation parameter of rock core after reacting with drilling fluid.To obtain stratum
Under the conditions of impregnate influence of the drilling fluid to the mechanical property of rock core；
(11) high temperature and high pressure kettle temperature is reduced, cools to 100 DEG C hereinafter, start to unload drilling liquid pressure, confining pressure simultaneously again,
Confining pressure is kept to be consistently greater than drilling liquid pressure in uninstall process.The first blow valve 7, the second blow valve 12 are opened after release.Disassembly
High temperature and high pressure kettle 1, takes out deformation-sensor 23 and experiment rock core 20, experiment are completed.
The present invention compared with the existing technology, have it is following the utility model has the advantages that
(1), the present invention solve mud stone under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions with the mechanical property testing after drilling fluid interaction
Problem, can more actually restore affecting laws of the mud stone in stratum Temperature-pressure Conditions by mud soak, more refer to field application
The property led avoids the generation of drilling complexity accident；
(2), main equipment used in the present invention is transformed on the basis of original rock three-axis force experimental facilities,
Not only cost is greatly saved, but also is able to satisfy requirement of experiment；
(3), it is heated on the outside of high temperature and high pressure kettle using electromagnetic heating system, not only ensure that the safety of heating process, but also
Temperature can be made to reach the requirement (500 DEG C of highest) of stratum actual temperature in petroleum and geothermal drilling；
(4), the sealing between rock core and confining pressure fluid is carried out using the thin copper sheathing through vacuum heat treatment, in effectively transmitting confining pressure
While can also deform with rock core.
The above, is only part preferred embodiment of the invention, and anyone skilled in the art may benefit
Equivalent technical solution is modified or is revised as with the technical solution of above-mentioned elaboration.Therefore, technology according to the present invention
Any simple modification or substitute equivalents that scheme is carried out, belong to the greatest extent the scope of protection of present invention.
Claims (5)
1. mud stone, drilling fluid interaction imitative experimental appliance under a kind of formation condition, it is characterized in that: including high temperature and high pressure kettle
(1), borehole fluid system (2), confining pressure system (3), computer system (4), heating system (5), the first blow valve (7), second are put
Empty valve (12), temperature control box (17) and deformation-sensor (23),
One end of the borehole fluid system (2) is connected by first data transmission line (9) with computer system (4), and by calculating
Machine system (4) control；The other end of borehole fluid system (2) passes through heating system (5) and high temperature by the first high pressure line (10)
Autoclave (1) bottom end is connected, for applying drilling liquid pressure to the rock core in high temperature and high pressure kettle (1)；
One end of confining pressure system (3) is connected by the second data line (13) with computer system (4), and by computer system
(4) it controls；The other end of confining pressure system (3) passes through heating system (5) and high temperature and high pressure kettle (1) by the second high pressure line (14)
It is connected, for applying confining pressure to the rock core in high temperature and high pressure kettle (1)；
First blow valve (7) is mounted on third high pressure line (8), and passes through heating system (5) by third high pressure line (8)
It is connected with high temperature and high pressure kettle (1), to realize the emptying to confining pressure fluid in high temperature and high pressure kettle (1)；
Second blow valve (12) is mounted on the 4th high pressure line (11), and passes through heating system by the 4th high pressure line (11)
(5) it is connected with high temperature and high pressure kettle (1), to realize the outflow of drilling fluid in high temperature and high pressure kettle (1)；
Heating system (5) is wrapped in the outside of high temperature and high pressure kettle (1), using electromagnetic wave heating principle, in high temperature and high pressure kettle (1)
Fluid and rock core heated；
One end of third data line (15) is connected with computer system (4), and the other end of third data line (15) is worn
It crosses heating system (5) to be connected with high temperature and high pressure kettle (1), for realizing computer system (4) to high temperature and high pressure kettle (1) interior core axis
To the monitoring of deformation；
One end of 4th data line (6) is connected with computer system (4), and the other end of the 4th data line (6) passes through
Heating system (5) is connected with high temperature and high pressure kettle (1), radial to the interior rock core of high temperature and high pressure kettle (1) for realizing computer system (4)
The monitoring of deformation；
One end of 5th data line (16) is connected with temperature control box (17), is equipped on the other end of the 5th data line (16)
Temperature sensor passes through and is connected on the inside of heating system (5) and high temperature and high pressure kettle (1), for temperature control box (17) to high temperature and high pressure kettle
(1) monitoring of interior core temperature；
One end of 6th data line (18) is connected with temperature control box (17), is equipped on the other end of the 6th data line (18)
Temperature sensor passes through and is connected on the outside of heating system (5) and high temperature and high pressure kettle (1), for temperature control box (17) to high temperature and high pressure kettle
(1) monitoring of temperature outside；
One end of 7th data line (19) is connected with temperature control box (17), and the other end is connected with computer system (4), is used for
Realize automatically recording and controlling for autoclave temp；
The high temperature and high pressure kettle (1) includes rock core (20), push-down head (21), seaming chuck (22), sensing system (23), rock core
(20) it is sandwiched between seaming chuck (22) and push-down head (21), rock core (20) passes through copper sheathing (25), the first small graphite annulus (26), the
Two small graphite annulus (28) and steel pipe (29) are sealed, and high temperature and high pressure kettle (1) is sealed using big graphite annulus (24) flexible,
Deformation-sensor (23) is located on the outside of rock core, for realizing the monitoring deformed to rock core；
The centre of the push-down head (21) is equipped with circular channel and realizes the flowing of fluid drilling fluid is passed out rock core；Under
With fluted, convenient for drilling fluid in core entry end face flowing on the upper end section of pressure head (21)；
The centre of the seaming chuck (22) is equipped with circular channel, and draws from the side wall of seaming chuck (22), the at L-shaped channel knot of shape
Structure realizes the flowing of fluid drilling fluid to be transmitted in rock core from seaming chuck outer wall；The lower end surface of seaming chuck (22) is cutd open
With fluted on face, convenient for drilling fluid rock core exit end face flowing；
The steel pipe (29) is made of thick-walled rigid material, and tube wall surrounding is provided with some apertures, it is ensured that confining pressure can act on copper
It covers on (25), transmitting confining pressure gives rock core (20), while making deformation-sensor (23) that can pass through steel pipe (29) and copper by aperture
It covers (25) to be connected, realizes the monitoring of rock core deformation；
Application method, it is characterized in that including following experimental procedure:
(1) prepare rock core (20), and rock core both ends of the surface are parallel；
(2) rock core (20) to be tested is mounted in copper sheathing (25), then rock core (20) and copper sheathing (25) is put into steel pipe (29),
The top of seaming chuck (22) and the lower part of push-down head (21) install the first small graphite annulus (26), the second small graphite annulus (28) respectively,
Upper pressing cap (27) and lower pressing cap (30) are installed later；
(3) the upper pressure of the first small graphite annulus (26), the second small graphite annulus (28) will be had using upper pressing cap (27), lower pressing cap (30)
In head (22), push-down head (21) indentation copper sheathing (25), make rock core (20) in the central location of copper sheathing (25) and steel pipe (29), it will be upper
Pressure cap (27) and lower pressing cap (30) are squeezed to the first small graphite annulus (26), the second small graphite annulus (28) simultaneously, make the first small graphite
Ring (26), the second small graphite annulus (28) deformation, deformed small graphite annulus closely press copper sheathing (25) on steel pipe (29)；
(4) it after deformation-sensor system (23) being installed on the outside of rock core, is placed in high temperature and high pressure kettle (1)；
(5) confining pressure system (3) are opened, made in high temperature and high pressure kettle (1) full of high temperature resistant silicone oil；
(6) the second blow valve (12) are opened, is controlled to a vacuum pump, vacuumizes；
(7) it is set to confining pressure is applied in high temperature and high pressure kettle (1) when confining pressure reaches using computer system (4) control confining pressure system (3)
When definite value, keep confining pressure constant using servo-control system；High temperature is given with computer system (4) control borehole fluid system (2) again
Autoclave (1) interior rock core (20) applies drilling liquid pressure, when drilling liquid pressure reaches setting value, and utilizes servo-control system
Maintain drilling liquid pressure constant；
(8) temperature control box (17) are opened, and target temperature is set, high temperature and high pressure kettle (1) interior fluid is heated, until temperature reaches
To setting value, keep each pressure constant in heating process；Guarantee that temperature, each pressure are protected in the entire experiment process after the completion of heating
It holds constant；
(9) variation of computer system (4) record rock core axially and radially deformed with rock core and drilling fluid time of contact is utilized
Rule；
(10) after the interaction time of rock core and drilling fluid reaches setting value, increase the axial stress of rock core, until rock core
(20) it destroys, measures the mechanics parameter of rock core after reacting with drilling fluid, impregnate drilling fluid for rock core to obtain
Mechanics parameter influence；
(11) high temperature and high pressure kettle temperature is reduced, cools to 100 DEG C hereinafter, starting to unload drilling liquid pressure, confining pressure, release simultaneously again
After open the first blow valve (7), the second blow valve (12), dismantle high temperature and high pressure kettle (1), take out deformation-sensor (23) and test
Rock core (20), experiment are completed.
2. mud stone, drilling fluid interaction imitative experimental appliance under formation condition according to claim 1, it is characterized in that:
The wall thickness of the copper sheathing (25) is 0.2mm, is formed by red copper bar turnery processing.
3. mud stone, drilling fluid interaction imitative experimental appliance under formation condition according to claim 1, it is characterized in that:
The top of the seaming chuck (22) and the lower part of push-down head (21) fill the first small graphite annulus (26), the second small graphite annulus respectively
(28), and the top of the first small graphite annulus (26) installation upper pressing cap (27), the lower part of the second small graphite annulus (28) are installed
Lower pressing cap (30).
4. mud stone, drilling fluid interaction imitative experimental appliance under formation condition according to claim 1, it is characterized in that:
Confining pressure fluid in the high temperature and high pressure kettle (1) uses high temperature resistant silicone oil.
5. mud stone, drilling fluid interaction imitative experimental appliance under formation condition according to claim 1, it is characterized in that:
In step 1, the standard of rock core is diameter 25mm, height 50mm；In addition, in step 6, the second blow valve (12) is opened, and true
Sky pump connection, vacuumizes 4h.
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| CN107907661A (en) * | 2017-12-15 | 2018-04-13 | 中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所兰州油气资源研究中心 | Deep Basin reservoir rock and fluid interaction simulator and application method |
| CN109115628A (en) * | 2018-07-27 | 2019-01-01 | 中国石油集团川庆钻探工程有限公司长庆钻井总公司 | A kind of method for estimating stability of drilling fluid to rock stratum |
| CN110375917A (en) * | 2019-08-27 | 2019-10-25 | 江苏拓创科研仪器有限公司 | A kind of difference strain geostress survey device |
| CN111781328A (en) * | 2020-05-14 | 2020-10-16 | 中国海洋石油集团有限公司 | Drilling fluid mud cake generation test shaft simulation mechanism and system |
| CN111693455A (en) * | 2020-05-14 | 2020-09-22 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Drilling fluid mud cake generation test method |
| CN112903957B (en) * | 2021-01-18 | 2023-05-16 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Shale stress-damage-drilling fluid interaction experimental device and testing method |
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