CN106679910A - Test beam long-term loading system and method - Google Patents
Test beam long-term loading system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106679910A CN106679910A CN201611245453.6A CN201611245453A CN106679910A CN 106679910 A CN106679910 A CN 106679910A CN 201611245453 A CN201611245453 A CN 201611245453A CN 106679910 A CN106679910 A CN 106679910A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M5/00—Investigating the elasticity of structures, e.g. deflection of bridges or air-craft wings
- G01M5/0008—Investigating the elasticity of structures, e.g. deflection of bridges or air-craft wings of bridges
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M5/00—Investigating the elasticity of structures, e.g. deflection of bridges or air-craft wings
- G01M5/0075—Investigating the elasticity of structures, e.g. deflection of bridges or air-craft wings by means of external apparatus, e.g. test benches or portable test systems
Abstract
The invention discloses a test beam long-term loading system and method. The loading system comprises a lever, a tension bar, a distributive beam, a counterweight device, a hydraulic pressure weight adjusting device, a ground anchor and a force transmission and testing device; the design of a loading system is carried out using the lever principle, firstly based on the test requirements, the size of the applied load as required is set; after the determination of the size of the load, the length ratio of the short arm and the long arm of the lever is designed from the size of the test site, the size of the loading lever and other aspects, under the precondition that the weight of the lever is not taken into consideration; in theory, the larger is the length ratio of the short arm and the long arm of the lever, the larger is the weight applied to the force bearing point of the long arm, and the larger is the amplifying multiple of the load at the force bearing point of the lever, and the aim of applying relatively large load is further achieved by utilizing relatively small weight. The long-term loading system is easy to operate, the loading and unloading save time and labor, the performance is stable, and long-term testing is guaranteed. The long-term loading system in the later period does not require special maintenance, and basically is not affected by external conditions.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to bridge structure experiment load domains, more particularly to a kind of test beam long-term loading system and side
Method.
Background technology
In bridge structure basic technology Research And Engineering application study, to obtain the mechanical index of some structures or component
Feature, often with real bridge construction component as prototype, by the theory of similarity make model as research object, then carry out mechanical property
Can test, and then reaction of the model configuration component in the case where stress is loaded.Therefore, suitable loading method is selected to be set with loading
Standby is to ensure the key that whole experiment work is smoothed out.
General structural experiment room is equipped with the pressure testing machine and reaction frame of a constant load tonnage, is applied to component short
When phase mechanical property test is loaded, its advantage is to use Hydrauservo System, and by computer control, technical merit is higher, convenient point
Level plus unloading, and energy controlled loading speed, test efficiency are higher.If long-term (long tens days if short using above-mentioned pressure testing machine
Then several years, or more long) when applying dead load and carrying out Mechanics Performance Testing, then the wasting of resources is easily caused, because its is expensive,
One structural experiment room can not possibly have a lot, and many experiments are all used in queuing, it is impossible to by a long-term occupancy of experiment.Simultaneously
Easily being interrupted by supply of electric power causes experiment to be interrupted.In addition, loading system itself can be by safeguarding stream time
It is very long, it is difficult to ensure that the stability of load.
For structure long-term behaviour load test, at present using it is most be to pile up loading blocks or use small-sized machine
The jack method that ordinatedly anchor pole is loaded with reaction frame, this is for some mini Mod components, and finder charge class requirement is relatively low,
Low cost, can reach good effect.And the component larger for moulded dimension, the reaction of its mechanics need to meet the requirement of test,
Generally require and apply larger load, can be only achieved the target of research, according to preloading loading, then need substantial amounts of high density to add
Block is carried, it is relatively costly, plus unloading inconvenience.Such as using the small-size jack method that ordinatedly anchor pole is loaded with reaction frame, then it is difficult
Meet the requirement of loading grade.
The content of the invention
It is simple for production it is an object of the invention to provide one kind, it is easy to assembly, it is capable of achieving large scale test component for a long time
Stabilization loading long-term loading system and method, so as to solve foregoing problems present in prior art.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows：
A kind of long-term loading system of test beam, including lever, stayed mast, distribution beam, counter weight device, hydraulic pressure adjust refitting
Put, earth anchor and power are transmitted and test device；The two ends of the lever are designated as first end and the second end respectively；Near described
The position of first end is provided with connection adjustor, and the connection adjustor is connected with the top of the stayed mast, the pulling force
The bottom of bar is connected by connector with the earth anchor；Near described first between the first end and the second end
A load load(ing) point is set at the position of end, is set successively from top to bottom in lever bottom described in the position of the load load(ing) point
Power transmission is equipped with test device, distribution beam, power distribution load(ing) point backing plate, test beam, experiment beam support and test beam pedestal；Institute
State and set one or one near the position of the second end between the second end of lever and the load load(ing) point
Above counterweight mount point, the counter weight device is connected with the counterweight mount point；In carry, unload or adjust the counter weight device
When, the hydraulic pressure weight adjusting device is placed in the counter weight device lower section and is used as the support platform of the counter weight device.
Preferably, the top surface in lever described in the load loading Position is provided with two levelling tubes, wherein：One water
Quasi- pipe arranges that another levelling tube is arranged perpendicular to the lever length direction along the lever length direction, used as regulation institute
State the reference unit of loading system horizontality.
Preferably, it is provided with the lever between the second end and the load load(ing) point and is slidably filled
Put, the slidably device is provided with one by the location hole fixed position that is arranged on the lever, the location hole
Or more than one, when the location hole is more than one, each location hole spaced set；On the automatic sliding device
It is provided with one or more counterweight mount points.
Preferably, multiple institutes are equidistantly provided with the lever between the second end and the load load(ing) point
State counterweight mount point.
Preferably, the counter weight device is mainly made up of counterweight basket with standard bulk material placed within；It is described to match somebody with somebody
Weight basket is made up of shaped steel as skeleton construction, then welded reinforcement, and counterweight basket top surrounding is welded with suspension ring or suspension hook, described
Suspension ring or suspension hook be connected with the counterweight mount point on the lever by lifting rope or be arranged on the lever slidably
Counterweight mount point connection on device；
And/or
The counter weight device is mainly made up of one or more weights, and extension is provided with the top of the weights
Hook, the bottom of the weights is provided with suspension hook or suspension ring, when using the counterweight by it is described hook with the lever on
Counterweight mount point connection or be connected with the counterweight mount point being arranged on the slidably device on the lever；When an institute
Multiple counterweights are used by being arranged on suspension hook or suspension ring the string extension of the counterweight bottom when stating counterweight weight deficiency.
Preferably, the power transmission is mainly assembled with test device by pressure sensor, steel ring, upper lower bolster, its
It is mainly used in testing the actual loaded amount of the loading system, is additionally operable to the load of stable delivery leverage generation to described point
With on beam.
Preferably, the connection adjustor is used to connect the lever and the stayed mast, is additionally operable to adjust the pulling force
The length of bar realizes the first end of the regulation lever and the distance of the earth anchor, and then adjusts the horizontal of the lever
State；The connection adjustor is hinged with the lever.
A kind of long-term loading method of test beam, comprises the following steps：
Test beam is positioned on experiment beam support and test beam pedestal in advance, distribution beam is positioned over institute by power distribution requirement
State on the stress point of test beam back, pre-adjusting makes the test beam and the distribution beam be in horizontality, power transmission with
Test device is placed in the distribution beam end face center position, and advance demand flag goes out the load loading Position of lever bottom surface, makes institute
The load loading Position of lever is stated perpendicular to the distribution beam and the power transmission and test device top is positioned over, by even
Connecing device makes stayed mast bottom be connected with earth anchor, stayed mast top is connected with the lever by connection adjustor, by lifting rope,
Suspension ring/suspension hook makes counter weight device be connected or by hanging with the counterweight mount point of the slidably device being arranged on the lever
Rope, suspension ring/suspension hook make the counter weight device be connected with the counterweight mount point being arranged on the lever；The counter weight device lower section
Hydraulic pressure weight adjusting device is placed in advance, the lever stress is made by applying balancing weight in the counter weight device, make the thick stick
The stress of bar is delivered to the distribution beam, and then is delivered to the test beam, when load is applied to pre-provisioning request, checks the thick stick
Whether level tube bubble on bar is placed in the middle, to determine whether the lever reaches level requirement, such as not between two parties, then by adjusting
After stating counter weight device or directly integrally lifting the counter weight device using the hydraulic pressure weight adjusting device, adjust the stayed mast with
The connection adjustor between the lever, according to the lever level condition, elongates or shortens the stayed mast, makes described
Lever is in horizontality, finally, the actual loading that load(ing) point is determined with test device is transmitted by the power.
Preferably, it is further comprising the steps of：
Load value needed for obtaining the load load(ing) point is precalculated according to test requirements document, further according to the lever length
And the load load(ing) point present position, precalculate and draw the counterweight mount point Ying Chu positions and the counter weight device
Required weight, adjusts with the foundation and conduct for determining the counterweight mount point position as adjustment and determines the counter weight device
The foundation of required weight；Also it is used as the determination counter weight device when needing and realizing counterweight by the multiple counter weight devices of carry
The foundation of quantity.
Preferably, it is further comprising the steps of：
According to the weight and the lever length that precalculate the counter weight device for obtaining, the load load(ing) point institute
Place position, the counterweight mount point present position, calculate the lever and hold downwarp amount of the lotus early stage under counterweight effect, enter
And before counter weight device described in carry, one end of the lever carry counterweight is tilted and institute by adjusting the connection adjustor
State downwarp amount to measure accordingly, and then the lever is exactly in horizontality after the counter weight device carry.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
(1) solve the problems, such as that electro-hydraulic system continuously long-time stable cannot be loaded, and can be outer any indoors
Place carries out the long-term loading of test beam.
(2) defect of preloading loading or small-size jack loading method is solved, load of test beam loading etc. is extended
Level, is capable of achieving the loading demand of long-term, short-term higher level load.
(3) generalization that the long-term load test of bridge structure loads facility is realized, without motorized, the loading of automation
Equipment, using electricity wisely can be according to experiment demand, and voluntarily simple designs, easy to process.
(4) the long-term loading system of the present invention is easy to operate, and it is time saving and energy saving to load and unload, stable performance, it is ensured that experiment
Long-time carry out.
(5) present invention is not influenceed in the long-term loading system later stage by external condition substantially without specially safeguarding.
(6) put on load on test beam can real-time monitoring, can be by corresponding adjusting means real-time regulation load shape
State.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of long-term loading system of the invention；
Fig. 2 is the side view of power transmission and test device in the present invention；
Fig. 3 is for connecting the structural representation of stayed mast and the connector of earth anchor in the present invention；
Fig. 4 is for connecting the structural representation of stayed mast and the connection adjustor of lever in the present invention；
Wherein：1 is lever, and 2 is levelling tube, and 3 is slidably device (3-1 is bolt, 3-2 to slide steel tank),
4 is suspension ring (counterweight mount point), and 5 is stayed mast, and 6 is distribution beam, and 7 is counterweight basket, and 8 is balancing weight, and 9 is lifting rope, and 10 is counterweight,
11 is hand-hydraulic weight adjusting device, and 12 is earth anchor, and 13 is that (13-1 is upper lower bolster, and 13-2 is customization with test device for power transmission
Steel ring, 13-3 is pressure sensor), 14 is that (14-1 is welding steel, and 14-2 is for connecting the connector of stayed mast and earth anchor
High-strength bolt, 14-3 is high-strength bolt nut, and 14-4 is earth anchor screw rod), 15 is connection stayed mast and the connection adjustor of lever
(15-1 is welding steel, and 15-2 is high-strength bolt, and 15-3 is high-strength bolt nut), 16 is test beam, and 17 is that power distributes loading
Point backing plate, 18 is experiment beam support, and 19 is test beam pedestal.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the purpose , technical scheme and advantage of the present invention be clearer, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is entered
Row is further described.It should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein is only used to explain the present invention, it is not used to
Limit the present invention.
Principle summary of the invention：
The design of loading system is carried out using lever principle：First according to experiment demand, what is be further applied load needed for setting is big
It is small, after load determines, it should the aspect design lever short arm such as size from test site, size of loading lever and long-armed
Length ratio, do not considering lever in itself on the premise of weight, lever short arm and long-armed length ratio are bigger in theory, right
Long-armed stress point applying weight is bigger, and the multiple that can amplify lever-loading point loading is bigger, and then realizes using smaller heavy
Amount realizes applying the target of larger load.
Hardware construction of the invention：
Long-term loading system of the invention includes：Lever, stayed mast, distribution beam, counter weight device, hydraulic pressure weight adjusting device,
Anchor, power transmission are adjusted with test device, for being connected stayed mast with the connector of earth anchor, the connection for being connected stayed mast and lever
The critical pieces such as section device：
(1) lever：According to test requirements document, suitable section steel material may be selected and processes, it is true according to finder charge grade
Determine lever size and sheet metal thickness, it is ensured that the deformation that lever does not make a difference using function in itself；According to test site, loading rule
Mould, lever intensity etc. determine load loading Position；Lever surface sets two levelling tubes, an edge above load load(ing) point
Lever length direction arranges that another is arranged perpendicular to lever length direction, the level condition of lever can be shown, as regulation
The device of the horizontality of lever, to improve the accuracy of loading.
As further optimization, the slidably device of lever long-armed one end top settable, while lever long arm end
Location hole is set on steel plate, and this is slidably also provided with location hole on the corresponding steel plate of device, and the freedom is made by bolt
Carriage and lever do not occur along lever longitudinal sliding motion, the location hole on lever can spaced set, such long arm end receives
Force (counter weight device mount point) can move freely, and then realize the long-armed various ratios with galianconism length of lever, expand
The arbitrariness of lever-loading, makes loading system more flexibility in terms of load is adjusted.
Slidably device side is welded with the suspension ring or suspension hook of hanging basket (counter weight device), as further optimization,
The long-armed one end of lever can be positioned below some equidistant suspension ring or suspension hook, used as hitch point (the counterweight carry of suspended counterweight counterweight
Point), so on each hitch point can suspended counterweight counterweight, formed leverage, realize the diversified forms of lever-loading.
(2) stayed mast：Processed by high-strength bolt, be connected with lever and earth anchor respectively, be primarily subjected to pulling force, be whole
The main bearing member of loading system.
(3) distribution beam：According to test requirements document, suitable shaped steel may be selected and processes, determined according to finder charge grade
Distribution beam size and sheet metal thickness, its effect predominantly distribute the load of lever applying to or multiple spot position of test beam at 2 points,
To meet requirement of the test beam to loading position.
(4) counter weight device：Be integrally formed hanging basket as skeleton construction, then welded reinforcement by shaped steel, the weight of itself with
Standard bulk material placed within constitutes counter weight device, and hanging basket top surrounding is welded with suspension ring/suspension hook, is connected by lifting rope
Suspension ring/suspension hook on lever, and then realize the applying of counterweight.Standard bulk material can be made mark by materials such as concrete, steel
The block (balancing weight) of quasi- weight, according to lever principle, by simple conversion, what can intuitively be further applied load is big for testing crew
It is small.Additionally, the size that lever-loading point loading is determined with test device can be transmitted by power, the essence being further applied load further is verified
Degree.
As another form of counter weight device, counter weight device also can it is customized by steel or other similar materials be some tools
The weight for having the counterweight of hook, counterweight can design several different weight, and hook is designed with counterweight, by hook during loading
It is suspended on lever lower section.
(5) hydraulic pressure weight adjusting device：Converted by appropriate by Manual hydraulic jack finished product, stablize laborsaving, as
The attachment device of counter weight device, can use as the support platform of counter weight device, can be avoided when lever horizontality is adjusted
Balancing weight is repeated plus unloads, Optimized loading system improves loading accuracy.
(6) earth anchor：Stayed mast anchor, is formed by concrete for making, according to finder charge grade, test site condition
And other require etc. design earth anchor size, be embedded in below ground in advance in advance, be connected with stayed mast by connector, be primarily subjected to
The uplift force of stayed mast.
(7) power transmission and test device：Assembled by pressure sensor, customization steel ring, upper lower bolster, its Main Function
It is the actual loaded amount of test loading system, while reaching the load of stable delivery leverage generation in distribution beam.
(8) for connecting the connector of stayed mast and earth anchor：By earth anchor screw rod, welding steel, high-strength bolt and its nut
External member is constituted, and reaches the effect of connection earth anchor and stayed mast.
(9) for connecting the connection adjustor of stayed mast and lever：By welding steel, high-strength bolt and its nut set etc.
Constitute, reach the effect of connection stayed mast and lever, while stayed mast force rod can be adjusted by adjusting the nut on stayed mast
The length of part, and then adjust the horizontality of lever.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing 1,2,3,4, by example in detail technical scheme：
The long-term loading system of test beam mainly include lever, stayed mast, distribution beam, counter weight device, hydraulic pressure weight adjusting device,
Earth anchor, power transmission with test device, for being connected stayed mast with the connector of earth anchor, the connection for being connected stayed mast and lever
The critical pieces such as adjuster.Above-mentioned part is by after certain processing, transformation, assembling, can be applied to bridge structure experiment long-term
Loading.
Embodiment 1
The long-term loading system of test beam as shown in Figure 1,2,3, 4, including lever 1, levelling tube 2, slidably device 3
(bolt 3-1 slides steel tank 3-2), suspension ring 4, stayed mast 5, distribution beam 6, hanging basket 7, balancing weight 8, lifting rope 9, hand-hydraulic
Weight adjusting device 11, earth anchor 12, (13-1 is upper lower bolster, and 13-2 is customization steel ring, and 13-3 is pressure with test device 13 for power transmission
Sensor), for the connector 14 that connects stayed mast and earth anchor, (14-1 is welding steel, and 14-2 is high-strength bolt, and 14-3 is height
Strength bolt nut, 14-4 is earth anchor screw rod), for connect stayed mast and lever connection adjustor 15 (15-1 is welding steel,
15-2 is high-strength bolt, and 15-3 is high-strength bolt nut), test beam 16, power distribution load(ing) point backing plate 17 tests beam support 18,
Test beam pedestal 19.During specific assembling, mainly completed by following steps：
(1) first, according to loading system design drawing, above-mentioned all parts and component are completed in processing factory and test site
Making.
A. three pieces of vertical steel plate welds between upper and lower two blocks of steel plates (or two pieces of vertical steel plate welds in H profile steel
Both sides or one piece of vertical steel plate weld between lower steel plate on square steel), that is, machine the lever 1 of loading system,
The top of load load(ing) point correspondence position is installed by the orthogonal levelling tube 2 of transverse and longitudinal.Simultaneously in advance with stayed mast connection end
Side steel plate opens connecting hole by design requirement, and location hole is equidistantly being opened by design requirement with counter weight device connection end top surface.
B. three blocks of steel plates (or directly use U-shaped steel) are welded into U-shaped slip steel tank 3-2, it is reverse mounted as can be
Slidably device on lever slidably, opens location hole, and process the bolt 3-1 supporting with it in its top board.
The slidably effect of device is exactly to realize the flexibility that counter weight device hangs in lever.
C. the lifting rope 9 on suspension ring 4, counter weight device slidably on device has the finished product can to order；Distribution beam 6 is processed
Method is identical with lever, but does not exist connecting hole in its structure, is intended only as load distribution and uses.
D. counterweight basket 7 is mainly formed by shaped steel or reinforcement welding, and balancing weight 8 is the bloom processed by standard size and weight
Or concrete block, counter weight device mainly assembles jointly by counterweight basket 7, balancing weight 8, lifting rope 9, specially：Blue 7 top of counterweight
Suspension ring 4 are welded with, slidably device slides steel tank plate-side plate welding there are suspension ring 4, slidably the suspension ring on device are blue with counterweight
Suspension ring coupled together by lifting rope.
E. hydraulic pressure weight adjusting device 11 both can be as the placement platform of counter weight device, while being adjusted in loading procedure is tested
Counter weight device is moved up and down, and then adjusts the load that counter weight device is applied on lever, it is possible to reduce matching somebody with somebody in counter weight device
Number of times is unloaded in adding for pouring weight 8, can be made by appropriate transformation using hydraulic stem, hydraulic jack, bearing plate etc..
F. earth anchor 12 needs to carry out concreting in testing ground, or can also be realized to drawing using prefabricated ground anchor beam
The anchorage effect of power bar.
G. power transmission is welded by upper and lower billet 13-1 with test device 13 with customization steel ring 13-2, and and pressure sensor
13-3 assembles, mainly as the measure foundation that whole loading system is finally further applied load.
H. it is used to connect the regulation connector 15 of stayed mast and lever by both sides steel plate, front and rear steel plate, by-level steel plate
The welding steel 15-1 of composition is made, and the both sides steel plate that it is connected with lever has perforate, and high-strength bolt 15-2 passes through both sides
The perforate of steel plate and the perforate of lever side plate, then the connection with lever is realized by high-strength bolt nut 15-3.Stayed mast 5 is passed through
The perforate of by-level steel plate realizes the connection with the regulation connector by high-strength bolt nut 15-3 again.
I. it is used to connect the connector 14 of stayed mast and earth anchor by drag link end both sides steel plate, front and rear steel plate, by-level steel
Plate is made by the welding steel 14-1 that earth anchor end both sides steel plate, lower horizontal steel plate are constituted.Stayed mast 5 passes through by-level
The perforate of steel plate realizes the connection with the connector by high-strength bolt nut 14-3 again.The both sides steel plate at its earth anchor end has out
Hole, high-strength bolt 14-2 is through earth anchor end both sides steel plate and drag link end both sides steel plate, then is realized by high-strength bolt nut 14-3
The connection of the connector drag link end and earth anchor end steel plate.Earth anchor end lower horizontal steel plate also has perforate, earth anchor screw rod 14-4 simultaneously
Through the horizontal steel plate, then the connection that the connector earth anchor end and earth anchor are realized by high-strength bolt nut 14-3.
(2) secondly, all parts also can by it is described above carry out component assembly after the completion of, you can carry out the whole of loading system
Body is assembled, and specific assembling scheme is：Test beam 16 is positioned on testing bed, testing stand 19 in advance, and power distributes load(ing) point backing plate 17 with experiment
Beam support 18 is placed on design attitude in advance, and distribution beam 6 is positioned on test beam back stress point by power distribution requirement, is passed through
Levelling tube is pre-adjusted makes test beam 16 and distribution beam 6 be in horizontality, and power transmission is placed in distribution beam with test device 13
End face center position, advance demand flag goes out the load loading Position of lever bottom surface, makes lever perpendicular to distribution beam and is positioned over power
Transmission and the top of test device 13, make stayed mast be connected with earth anchor by connector, and stayed mast and thick stick are made by connection adjustor
Bar is connected, then by lifting rope 9, suspension ring 4, slidably device etc. counterweight blue 7 is connected with lever 1.Counter weight device lower section shifts to an earlier date
Hand-hydraulic weight adjusting device 11 is placed, to facilitate counter weight device to be lifted at any time and decline.
(3) again, make lever stress by applying balancing weight 8, lever force is delivered to distribution beam, and then be delivered to experiment
Beam body, because the slidably device for being connected with counter weight device can be longitudinal by equidistant freely activity along lever, therefore, applying
In the case of certain balancing weight 8, it is possible to achieve the loading demand of different class of loading.
(4) it is last, when load is applied to pre-provisioning request, check whether the bubble of 1 levelling tube of lever 2 is placed in the middle, such as not between two parties, can
After adjusting balancing weight 8 or directly lifting counter weight device using the entirety of hand-hydraulic weight adjusting device 11, regulation connection regulation
Device 15, according to the level condition of lever 1, elongates or shortens stayed mast 5, is repeated several times, and lever 1 can be made to be in horizontality (actual
When using, lever can be calculated and hold downwarp amount of the lotus early stage under counterweight effect, lever Balance weight end is somewhat tilted a certain amount, etc.
Horizontality is exactly in after lever system stabilization).Finally, the reality with the measuring load load(ing) point of test device 13 is transmitted by power
Border load.
Embodiment 2
The long-term loading system of test beam as shown in Figure 1,2,3, 4, including lever 1, levelling tube 2, suspension ring 4, stayed mast 5,
Distribution beam 6, counterweight 10, earth anchor 12, (13-1 is upper lower bolster, and 13-2 is customization steel ring, and 13-3 is with test device 13 for power transmission
Pressure sensor), for the connector 14 that connects stayed mast and earth anchor, (14-1 is welding steel, and 14-2 is high-strength bolt, 14-3
It is high-strength bolt nut, 14-4 is earth anchor screw rod), for the connection adjustor 15 that connects stayed mast and lever, (15-1 is welding
Steel plate, 15-2 is high-strength bolt, and 15-3 is high-strength bolt nut), test beam 16, power distribution load(ing) point backing plate 17, test beam branch
Seat 18, test beam pedestal 19.During specific assembling, mainly completed by following steps：
(1) first, according to loading system design drawing, above-mentioned all parts and component are completed in processing factory and test site
Making.
A. three pieces of vertical steel plate welds between upper and lower two blocks of steel plates (or two pieces of vertical steel plate welds in H profile steel
Both sides or one piece of vertical steel plate weld between lower steel plate on square steel), that is, machine the lever 1 of loading system,
The top of load load(ing) point correspondence position is installed by the orthogonal levelling tube 2 of transverse and longitudinal.Pressed in the bottom surface of lever 1 in advance simultaneously etc.
Spacing welds the suspension ring 4 for carry counterweight 10.
B. the processing method of distribution beam 6 is identical with lever, but does not exist connecting hole in its structure, and being intended only as load distribution makes
With.
C. counterweight 10 is made by steel or the bigger lead prepared material of density, can in advance be customized to the weight of Different Weight
Code, each top of counterweight 10 should be designed with hook, and envisaged underneath has suspension ring, and during loading, counterweight 10 can both be hung directly from thick stick
Bar lower section on the suspension ring of welding, also can resuspend counterweight in counterweight 10 lower section itself in advance, can so realize any of lever
Grade is loaded, and makes flexibility and convenience of the loading system with more loading.
D. earth anchor 12 needs to carry out concreting in testing ground, or can also be realized to drawing using prefabricated ground anchor beam
The anchorage effect of power bar.
E. power transmission is welded by upper and lower billet 13-1 with test device 13 in customization steel ring 13-2, and and pressure sensor
13-3 assembles, mainly as the measure foundation that whole loading system is finally further applied load.
F. it is used to connect the regulation connector 15 of stayed mast and lever by both sides steel plate, front and rear steel plate, by-level steel plate
The welding steel 15-1 of composition is made, and the both sides steel plate that it is connected with lever has perforate, and high-strength bolt 15-2 passes through both sides
The perforate of steel plate and the perforate of lever side plate, then the connection with lever is realized by high-strength bolt nut 15-3.Stayed mast 5 is passed through
The perforate of by-level steel plate realizes the connection with the connector by high-strength bolt nut 15-3 again.
G. it is used to connect the connector 14 of stayed mast and earth anchor by drag link end both sides steel plate, front and rear steel plate, by-level steel
Plate is made by the welding steel 14-1 that earth anchor end both sides steel plate, lower horizontal steel plate are constituted.Stayed mast 5 passes through by-level
The perforate of steel plate realizes the connection with the connector by high-strength bolt nut 14-3 again.The both sides steel plate at its earth anchor end has out
Hole, high-strength bolt 14-2 is through earth anchor end both sides steel plate and drag link end both sides steel plate, then is realized by high-strength bolt nut 14-3
The connection of the connector drag link end and earth anchor end steel plate.Earth anchor end lower horizontal steel plate also has perforate, earth anchor screw rod 14-4 simultaneously
Through the horizontal steel plate, then realize connecting earth anchor end and earth anchor by the connector by high-strength bolt nut 14-3.
(2) secondly, all parts also can by it is described above carry out component assembly after the completion of, you can carry out the whole of loading system
Body is assembled, and specific assembling scheme is：Test beam 16 is positioned on testing bed, testing stand 19 in advance, and power is distributed load(ing) point backing plate 17 and tests beam
Bearing 18 is placed on design attitude in advance, and distribution beam 6 is positioned on test beam back stress point by power distribution requirement, by water
Quasi- pipe 2 is pre-adjusted makes test beam 16 and distribution beam 6 be in horizontality, and power transmission is placed in distribution back with test device 13
Face center, advance demand flag goes out the stress point position of lever bottom surface, makes the load load(ing) point of lever perpendicular to distribution beam and puts
Power transmission and the top of test device 13 are placed in, stayed mast is connected with earth anchor by connector, pulling force is made by connection adjustor
Bar is connected with lever.
(3) again, make lever stress by applying counterweight, the stress of lever is delivered to distribution beam, and then be delivered to examination
Beam body is tested, because counterweight can be along lever longitudinally by equidistantly freely arranging, counterweight lower section also can again arrange counterweight, therefore, pass through
Different counterweight arrangement, it is possible to achieve the loading demand of different class of loading.
(4) it is last, when load is applied to pre-provisioning request, check whether the bubble of 1 levelling tube of lever 2 is placed in the middle, such as not between two parties, can
By plus connection adjustor 15 is adjusted after unloading counterweight, according to the level condition of lever 1, elongate or shorten stayed mast 5, be repeated several times,
Lever 1 can be made to be in horizontality (when actually used, can be calculated lever and hold downwarp amount of the lotus early stage under counterweight effect, make thick stick
Bar Balance weight end somewhat tilts a certain amount, and horizontality is exactly in after waiting lever system stabilization).Finally, by power transmit with
The actual loading of the measuring load load(ing) point of test device 13.
By using above-mentioned technical proposal disclosed by the invention, following beneficial effect has been obtained：
(1) solve the problems, such as that electro-hydraulic system continuously long-time stable cannot be loaded, and can be outer any indoors
Place carries out the long-term loading of test beam.
(2) defect of preloading loading or small-size jack loading method is solved, load of test beam loading etc. is extended
Level, is capable of achieving the loading demand of long-term, short-term higher level load.
(3) generalization that the long-term load test of bridge structure loads facility is realized, without motorized, the loading of automation
Equipment, using electricity wisely can be according to experiment demand, and voluntarily simple designs, easy to process.
(4) the long-term loading system of the present invention is easy to operate, and it is time saving and energy saving to load and unload, stable performance, it is ensured that experiment
Long-time carry out.
(5) present invention is not influenceed in the long-term loading system later stage by external condition substantially without specially safeguarding.
(6) put on load on test beam can real-time monitoring, can be by corresponding adjusting means real-time regulation load shape
State.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art
For member, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, some improvements and modifications can also be made, these improvements and modifications also should
Depending on protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. the long-term loading system of a kind of test beam, it is characterised in that including lever, stayed mast, distribution beam, counter weight device, liquid
Pressure weight adjusting device, earth anchor and power transmission and test device；The two ends of the lever are designated as first end and the second end respectively；
Position near the first end is provided with connection adjustor, and the connection adjustor is connected with the top of the stayed mast,
The bottom of the stayed mast is connected by connector with the earth anchor；It is close between the first end and the second end
A load load(ing) point is set at the position of the first end, in lever bottom described in the position of the load load(ing) point from upper
Under set gradually strong transmission with test device, distribution beam, power distribution load(ing) point backing plate, test beam, experiment beam support and experiment
Beam pedestal；Near the position setting one of the second end between the second end of the lever and the load load(ing) point
Individual or more than one counterweight mount point, the counter weight device is connected with the counterweight mount point；It is described in carry, unloading or adjustment
During counter weight device, the hydraulic pressure weight adjusting device is placed in the counter weight device lower section to be made as the support platform of the counter weight device
With.
2. the long-term loading system of test beam according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in the load loading Position
The top surface of the lever is provided with two levelling tubes, wherein：One levelling tube arranges along the lever length direction, another water
Quasi- pipe is arranged perpendicular to the lever length direction, used as the reference unit for adjusting the loading system horizontality.
3. the long-term loading system of test beam according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the second end and the load
Slidably device is provided with the lever between lotus load(ing) point, the slidably device is by being arranged at the lever
On location hole fixed position, the location hole is provided with one or more, when the location hole is more than one, respectively
The location hole spaced set；One or more counterweight mount points are provided with the automatic sliding device.
4. the long-term loading system of test beam according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the second end and the load
Multiple counterweight mount points are equidistantly provided with the lever between lotus load(ing) point.
5. the long-term loading system of test beam according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the counter weight device is main by matching somebody with somebody
Weight basket is constituted with standard bulk material placed within；The counterweight basket is by shaped steel as skeleton construction, then welded reinforcement structure
Suspension ring or suspension hook are welded with into, counterweight basket top surrounding, the suspension ring or suspension hook are by matching somebody with somebody on lifting rope and the lever
The connection of weight mount point is connected with the counterweight mount point being arranged on the slidably device on the lever；
And/or
The counter weight device is mainly made up of one or more weights, and hook, institute are provided with the top of the weights
The bottom for stating weights is provided with suspension hook or suspension ring, and the counterweight is linked up with and the counterweight on the lever by described when using
Mount point is connected or is connected with the counterweight mount point being arranged on the slidably device on the lever；When a counterweight
Multiple counterweights are used by being arranged on suspension hook or suspension ring the string extension of the counterweight bottom when weight is not enough.
6. the long-term loading system of test beam according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the power transmission and test device
Mainly assembled by pressure sensor, steel ring, upper lower bolster, its actual loaded for being mainly used in testing the loading system
Amount, is additionally operable to the load of stable delivery leverage generation to the distribution beam.
7. the long-term loading system of test beam according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the connection adjustor is used to connect
Connect the lever and the stayed mast, be additionally operable to adjust the stayed mast length realize the first end of the regulation lever with
The distance of the earth anchor, and then adjust the horizontality of the lever；The connection adjustor is hinged with the lever.
8. the long-term loading method of a kind of test beam, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
Test beam is positioned on experiment beam support and test beam pedestal in advance, distribution beam is positioned over the examination by power distribution requirement
Test on the stress point of beam back, pre-adjusting makes the test beam and the distribution beam is in horizontality, power transmission and test
Device is placed in the distribution beam end face center position, and advance demand flag goes out the load loading Position of lever bottom surface, makes the thick stick
The load loading Position of bar is perpendicular to the distribution beam and is positioned over the power transmission and test device top, by connector
Stayed mast bottom is connected with earth anchor, stayed mast top is connected with the lever by connection adjustor, by lifting rope, hang
Ring/suspension hook makes counter weight device be connected or by hanging with the counterweight mount point of the slidably device being arranged on the lever
Rope, suspension ring/suspension hook make the counter weight device be connected with the counterweight mount point being arranged on the lever；The counter weight device lower section
Hydraulic pressure weight adjusting device is placed in advance, the lever stress is made by applying balancing weight in the counter weight device, make the thick stick
The stress of bar is delivered to the distribution beam, and then is delivered to the test beam, when load is applied to pre-provisioning request, checks the thick stick
Whether level tube bubble on bar is placed in the middle, to determine whether the lever reaches level requirement, such as not between two parties, then by adjusting
After stating counter weight device or directly integrally lifting the counter weight device using the hydraulic pressure weight adjusting device, adjust the stayed mast with
The connection adjustor between the lever, according to the lever level condition, elongates or shortens the stayed mast, makes described
Lever is in horizontality, finally, the actual loading that load(ing) point is determined with test device is transmitted by the power.
9. the long-term loading method of test beam according to claim 8, it is characterised in that further comprising the steps of：
Load value needed for obtaining the load load(ing) point is precalculated according to test requirements document, further according to the lever length and described
Load load(ing) point present position, precalculates the required weight for drawing the counterweight mount point Ying Chu positions and the counter weight device
Amount, the foundation and conduct adjustment as adjustment and the determination counterweight mount point position is heavy with needed for the determination counter weight device
The foundation of amount；When needing to realize counterweight by the multiple counter weight devices of carry also as the determination counter weight device quantity
Foundation.
10. the long-term loading method of test beam according to claim 9, it is characterised in that further comprising the steps of：
According to precalculating the weight and the lever length of the counter weight device for obtaining, position residing for the load load(ing) point
Put, the counterweight mount point present position, calculate the lever and hold lotus downwarp amount of the early stage under counterweight effect, Jin Er
Before counter weight device described in carry, by adjust the connection adjustor make the lever carry counterweight one end tilt with it is described under
The amount of scratching is measured accordingly, and then the lever is exactly in horizontality after the counter weight device carry.
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| CN201611245453.6A CN106679910B (en) | 2016-12-29 | 2016-12-29 | The long-term loading system and method for a kind of test beam |
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| CN201611245453.6A CN106679910B (en) | 2016-12-29 | 2016-12-29 | The long-term loading system and method for a kind of test beam |
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| CN107607391A (en) * | 2017-10-28 | 2018-01-19 | 大连理工大学 | A kind of multi-grade lever loading experimental apparatus |
| CN107664602A (en) * | 2017-10-24 | 2018-02-06 | 山东科技大学 | A kind of mechanical load formula Experiments of Machanics system and application method |
| CN109470841A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-03-15 | 中铁五局集团有限公司 | For testing the multifunctional stirring experimental rig of shield soil improvement effect |
| CN109696351A (en) * | 2019-01-21 | 2019-04-30 | 中国林业科学研究院木材工业研究所 | It is a kind of for recombinating the long-term tensile load test device of composite construction bamboo |
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| CN107664602A (en) * | 2017-10-24 | 2018-02-06 | 山东科技大学 | A kind of mechanical load formula Experiments of Machanics system and application method |
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| CN107607391A (en) * | 2017-10-28 | 2018-01-19 | 大连理工大学 | A kind of multi-grade lever loading experimental apparatus |
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| CN109781558A (en) * | 2018-09-29 | 2019-05-21 | 江苏省产品质量监督检验研究院 | A kind of program control type mechanical stress experimental rig |
| CN109470841A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-03-15 | 中铁五局集团有限公司 | For testing the multifunctional stirring experimental rig of shield soil improvement effect |
| CN109696351A (en) * | 2019-01-21 | 2019-04-30 | 中国林业科学研究院木材工业研究所 | It is a kind of for recombinating the long-term tensile load test device of composite construction bamboo |
| CN110455652A (en) * | 2019-09-10 | 2019-11-15 | 江苏中信博新能源科技股份有限公司 | A kind of push rod compression test platform and test method |
| CN111272444A (en) * | 2020-03-04 | 2020-06-12 | 石家庄华燕交通科技有限公司 | Forklift detection control system |
| CN112033651A (en) * | 2020-07-08 | 2020-12-04 | 人本股份有限公司 | Lever assembly for counterweight test |
| CN112554060A (en) * | 2020-11-20 | 2021-03-26 | 中车石家庄车辆有限公司 | Preparation method, structure and erection method of precast beam for test |
| CN112554060B (en) * | 2020-11-20 | 2023-02-28 | 中车石家庄车辆有限公司 | Preparation method, structure and erection method of precast beam for test |
| CN112504587A (en) * | 2020-12-02 | 2021-03-16 | 西安建筑科技大学 | Device and method for testing bending creep strain of concrete continuous beam bridge under lever holding load |
| CN112504587B (en) * | 2020-12-02 | 2022-09-16 | 西安建筑科技大学 | Device and method for testing bending creep strain of concrete continuous beam bridge under lever holding load |
| CN113063660A (en) * | 2021-02-05 | 2021-07-02 | 海洋石油工程股份有限公司 | Load testing device of ocean platform slideway beam |
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