CN106676679A - 一种聚乳酸导电纤维的制备方法 - Google Patents

一种聚乳酸导电纤维的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN106676679A
CN106676679A CN201610977972.5A CN201610977972A CN106676679A CN 106676679 A CN106676679 A CN 106676679A CN 201610977972 A CN201610977972 A CN 201610977972A CN 106676679 A CN106676679 A CN 106676679A
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刘庆生
邓炳耀
周钰琦
申莹
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Jiangnan University
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    • D06M11/74—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with carbon or compounds thereof with carbon or graphite; with carbides; with graphitic acids or their salts
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    • D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
    • D06M15/21—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
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    • D06M15/333—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of unsaturated alcohols or esters thereof of vinyl acetate; Polyvinylalcohol
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种聚乳酸(PLA)导电纤维的制备方法，首先配置处理液，处理液中导电填料的浓度为0.5～20mg/mL，聚醋酸乙烯酯(PVAc)的浓度为10～100mg/mL，按照浓度要求称取导电填料和PVAc加入到溶剂中，对处理液进行磁力搅拌和超声分散，使得导电填料均匀地分散在处理液中，然后将PLA纤维从筒子上退绕下来，进入到处理液中，再经过烘燥装置烘干，最后将处理后的PLA纤维卷绕到筒子上，制得PLA导电纤维。所得导电纤维的电阻率低至500Ω·m，可用于电极、抗静电、低温加热、电磁屏蔽、热敏和气敏等材料。

Description

一种聚乳酸导电纤维的制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及高分子加工领域，具体涉及聚乳酸(PLA)导电纤维的制备方法。
背景技术
PLA资源可再生、生物可降解、生物相容性好，同时它是一种热塑性高分子材料，可直接进行熔融纺丝制得纤维，目前，PLA的熔融纺丝技术已成熟，PLA可望替代石油基高分子材料成为化学纤维的原料，以解决合成纤维的发展所面临的资源短缺和环境污染等问题。然而，PLA纤维功能化的研究和开发工作却较少，纤维的导电功能化为产业界和学术界的开发和研究的重点，因此，实现PLA纤维的导电功能化有一定的必要，目前仅德国德累斯顿高分子研究院的Petra【P.；Kobashi,K.；Villmow,T.；Andres,T.；Paiva,M.C.；Covas,J.A.Liquid sensing properties of melt processed polypropylene/poly(ε-caprolactone blends containing multiwalled carbon nanotubes.CompositesScience and Technology 2011,71,1451-1460.】、东华大学邹黎明【CN201210442761.3】和张迎晨【CN200810203173.8】、江南大学刘庆生【CN201210529260.9、CN201210529341.9】、绍兴文理学院李旭明【CN201310434510.5】等已通过体积排斥效应的方法，在PLA纤维内部形成导电网络，制得了PLA导电纤维，然而，该方法中需要引入一种与PLA不相容或部分相容的高分子，会对PLA的可纺性以及导电纤维的力学性能产生不良的影响，另外，导电填料易堵塞喷丝孔，致使纺丝困难，以致该方法工业化困难。因此，寻求简单易行且成本低的实现PLA纤维导电功能化的方法至关重要。
发明内容
本发明的目的是使PLA纤维导电功能化的现状，公开了一种制备PLA导电纤维的方法。
聚乳酸(PLA)导电纤维的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)称取导电填料和聚醋酸乙烯酯(PVAc)加入到溶剂中，常温下磁力搅拌10～60min，超声振荡20～180min，配置成导电填料的分散液，导电填料的浓度为0.5～20mg/mL，PVAc的浓度为10～100mg/mL；
(2)首先将PLA纤维从筒子上退绕下来，然后进入到处理液中，再经过烘燥装置烘干，最后将处理后的PLA纤维卷绕到筒子上，制得PLA导电纤维。
所述的聚乳酸导电纤维的制备方法，其特征在于所述的导电填料为炭黑(CB)、单壁碳纳米管(SWCNTs)、多壁碳纳米管(MWCNTs)、石墨烯(GN)、气相纳米碳纤维(VGCNFs)、硫化铜、硫化亚铜和碘化亚铜中的一种。
所述的聚乳酸导电纤维的制备方法，其特征在于所述的PVAc的粘均分子量为5.0×103～1.0×106。
所述的聚乳酸导电纤维的制备方法，其特征在于所述的溶剂为乙酸乙酯、丙酮、四氢呋喃、二氯甲烷、三氯甲烷、1，4-二氧六环中的一种。
所述的聚乳酸导电纤维的制备方法，其特征在于所述的卷绕速度为0.1m/min～200m/min。
有益效果：
(1)PVAc既能使导电填料均匀地分散在分散介质中，又作为涂层剂，避免了分散剂和涂层剂不同时，不同材料之间的复配问题，另外，PVAc为常规的材料，易得，价格低廉。
(2)PVAc是高分子且与PLA完全相容，避免了常规的涂层和浸轧的方法存在的耐久性差的问题。
(3)PLA导电纤维的电阻率可低至500Ω·m。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例，进一步阐述本发明。应理解，这些实施例仅用于说明本发明而不限制本发明的范围。此外应理解，在阅读了本发明讲授的内容之后，本领域技术人员可以对本发明各种改动或修改，这些等价形式同样落入本申请所附权力要求书所限定的范围。
实施例1
(1)按照8mg/mL的浓度称取MWCNTs，按照60mg/mL的浓度称取PVAc加入到醋酸乙烯酯中，常温下磁力搅拌30min，超声振荡120min，配置成导电填料的分散液，其中PVAc的粘均分子量为3.0×105；
(2)将PLA纤维从筒子上退绕下来，然后进入到处理液中，再经过烘燥装置烘干，最后将处理后的PLA纤维以2m/min的速度卷绕到筒子上，制得PLA导电纤维。所得PLA导电纤维的电阻率为2.2×103Ω·m。
实施例2
(1)按照10mg/mL的浓度称取SWCNTs，按照60mg/mL的浓度称取PVAc加入到丙酮中，常温下磁力搅拌60min，超声振荡180min，配置成导电填料的分散液，其中PVAc的粘均分子量为2.0×105；
(2)将PLA纤维从筒子上退绕下来，然后进入到处理液中，再经过烘燥装置烘干，最后将处理后的PLA纤维以3m/min的速度卷绕到筒子上，制得PLA导电纤维。所得PLA导电纤维的电阻率为1.5×103Ω·m。
实施例3
(1)按照12mg/mL的浓度称取MWCNTs，按照80mg/mL的浓度称取PVAc加入到醋酸乙烯酯中，常温下磁力搅拌60min，超声振荡120min，配置成导电填料的分散液，其中PVAc的粘均分子量为1.5×105；
(2)将PLA纤维从筒子上退绕下来，然后进入到处理液中，再经过烘燥装置烘干，最后将处理后的PLA纤维以1m/min的速度卷绕到筒子上，制得PLA导电纤维。所得PLA导电纤维的电阻率为1.1×103Ω·m。
实施例4
(1)按照12mg/mL的浓度称取石墨烯(GN)，按照80mg/mL的浓度称取PVAc加入到醋酸乙烯酯中，常温下磁力搅拌60min，超声振荡180min，配置成导电填料的分散液，其中PVAc的粘均分子量为5.0×104；
(2)将PLA纤维从筒子上退绕下来，然后进入到处理液中，再经过烘燥装置烘干，最后将处理后的PLA纤维以1m/min的速度卷绕到筒子上，制得PLA导电纤维。所得PLA导电纤维的电阻率为0.8×103Ω·m。
实施例5
(1)按照6mg/mL的浓度称取MWCNTs，按照70mg/mL的浓度称取PVAc加入到醋酸乙烯酯中，常温下磁力搅拌60min，超声振荡180min，配置成导电填料的分散液，其中PVAc的粘均分子量为3.0×105；
(2)将PLA纤维从筒子上退绕下来，然后进入到处理液中，再经过烘燥装置烘干，最后将处理后的PLA纤维以1.5m/min的速度卷绕到筒子上，制得PLA导电纤维。所得PLA导电纤维的电阻率为2.5×103Ω·m。

Claims (5)

1.一种聚乳酸(P多壁碳纳米管LA)导电纤维的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)称取导电填料和聚醋酸乙烯酯(PVAc)加入到溶剂中，常温下磁力搅拌10～60min，超声振荡20～180min，配置成导电填料的分散液，导电填料的浓度为0.5～20mg/mL，PVAc的浓度为10～100mg/mL；
(2)首先将PLA纤维从筒子上退绕下来，然后进入到处理液中，再经过烘燥装置烘干，最后将处理后的PLA纤维卷绕到筒子上，制得PLA导电纤维。
2.根据权利要求1所述的聚乳酸导电纤维的制备方法，其特征在于所述的导电填料为炭黑(CB)、单壁碳纳米管(SWCNTs)、(MWCNTs)、石墨烯(GN)、气相纳米碳纤维(VGCNFs)、硫化铜、硫化亚铜和碘化亚铜中的一种。
3.根据权利要求1所述的聚乳酸导电纤维的制备方法，其特征在于所述的溶剂为乙酸乙酯、丙酮、四氢呋喃、二氯甲烷、三氯甲烷、1，4-二氧六环中的一种。
4.根据权利要求1所述的聚乳酸导电纤维的制备方法，其特征在于所述的PVAc的粘均分子量为5.0×103～1.0×106。
5.根据权利要求1所述的聚乳酸导电纤维的制备方法，其特征在于所述的卷绕速度为0.1m/min～200m/min。
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CN110219166A (zh) * 2019-06-20 2019-09-10 中原工学院 一种腈纶混纺电磁屏蔽织物的制备方法
CN114737393A (zh) * 2022-04-24 2022-07-12 安徽富春色纺有限公司 一种可降解柔性导电材料及其制备方法和应用
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110219166A (zh) * 2019-06-20 2019-09-10 中原工学院 一种腈纶混纺电磁屏蔽织物的制备方法
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CN114737393A (zh) * 2022-04-24 2022-07-12 安徽富春色纺有限公司 一种可降解柔性导电材料及其制备方法和应用

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Application publication date: 20170517