CN106676313B - A kind of preparation method of high-strength high-conductivity Cu-Nb alloy blanks - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method of high-strength high-conductivity Cu-Nb alloy blanks Download PDFInfo
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- CN106676313B CN106676313B CN201611237171.1A CN201611237171A CN106676313B CN 106676313 B CN106676313 B CN 106676313B CN 201611237171 A CN201611237171 A CN 201611237171A CN 106676313 B CN106676313 B CN 106676313B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
- B22D17/007—Semi-solid pressure die casting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D27/00—Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile ; Pressure or vacuum casting
- B22D27/04—Influencing the temperature of the metal, e.g. by heating or cooling the mould
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/12—Making non-ferrous alloys by processing in a semi-solid state, e.g. holding the alloy in the solid-liquid phase
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/08—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of copper or alloys based thereon
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of preparation methods for the high-strength high-conductivity Cu Nb alloy blanks for belonging to copper microcomposite preparing technical field.The high-strength high-conductivity Cu Nb alloys are Cu Nb bianry alloys, with 80 98wt% of fine copper ingot, 1 17wt% of pure niobium ingot, the proportioning of 1 3wt% of pure niobium powder is raw material, semi-solid casting technology is combined using solid-liquid double-phase solidification, and alloy melt is added in pure niobium powder, forms the solid solution of richness Nb in rapid solidification, and the Cu Nb alloy blanks that microstructure thinning causes Nano grade are prepared by drawing, rolling mill practice, it lays a good foundation for microstructure thinning technique.1300 1700MPa of its tensile strength, conductivity are higher than 75%IACS, and the crystallite dimension of the alloy blank is 1 30 μm, can greatly improve the preparation efficiency of this alloy wire, thin-band material.The application field of this material has been expanded significantly.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to copper microcomposite preparing technical fields.More particularly to a kind of high-strength high-conductivity Cu-
The preparation method of Nb alloy blanks.
Background technology
High-strength highly-conductive acid bronze alloy is a kind of structure function material with excellent comprehensive performance, be widely used in electric power,
The industrial circles such as electronics, metallurgy, machinery.The development of modern science and technology proposes a system to the comprehensive performance of conductive copper-based material
Arrange higher requirement：Large-scale integrated circuit lead frame requires the tensile strength of material to be higher than 600MPa, and conductivity is higher than
80%IACS proposes the intensity of contact line/overhead line higher as electric railway develops to high speed, overload direction
It is required that requirement contact line tensile strength is higher than 530MPa when train speed per hour is 350km/h, conductivity is more than 78%IACS
(International Annealed Copper Standard International Annealed Copper Standards) builds the pulsed magnetic of a 100T
, it is desirable that the intensity of coil method is higher than 1500MPa, and conductivity is higher than 60%IACS.Therefore, high-intensity high-conductivity copper based alloy
Material becomes one of research hotspot in recent years.
There is higher conductivity and tensile strength by the copper microcomposite of representative of Cu-Nb, Cu-Ag, by magnet
Expert is unanimously considered most possibly to realize the conductor material of 100T impulse magnetic fields.Cu-Nb prepared by clustered drawing is microcosmic
The superhigh intensity that composite material obtains is significantly larger than the intensity value that gained is calculated by mixing principle, and the solid solution due to Nb in Cu
To spend extremely low, the elastic property of Cu and Nb are sufficiently close to, so be also possible to obtain high electric conductivity and toughness, therefore Cu-Nb is microcosmic
Composite material will be as the research emphasis of impulse magnetic field conductor material.
Cu-Nb composite materials are as high-intensity magnetic field application material, harsh application environment (high-intensity magnetic field, superhigh temperature high stress
Deng) require material with the good combination of the performances such as intensity and conductive and heat-conductive.It is existing studies have shown that being received when institutional framework reaches
Meter ruler cun, Cu-Nb composite materials can get high strength ＆ high electric-conduction.But size is further decreased, since Interface Motion deforms
Mechanism is started, and material is likely to occur ruckbildung, and the thermal stability faced blocks material at the interfaces Cu-Nb is weaker at this time, intensity
Also may decline.It is also imperfect to the understanding of the reinforcing of this whole process and softening mechanism at present.Therefore it improves under nanoscale
The stability at the interfaces Cu-Nb, it is that the following Cu-Nb composite materials research field is urgently to be resolved hurrily to analyse in depth research material strengthening mechanism
One of the problem of.In practical application area, certain domestic flash laboratory comes into operation and breaches 90T high-intensity magnetic fields high point,
But there are still some technical bottlenecks to need further to study and solve at present.For example, still cannot achieve quantitatively, production
Period is long, and drawing process radial force difference causes Nb fibrosclerosis degree inhomogenous etc..It is prepared to solve Cu-Nb alloy materials
Field, the invention discloses a kind of methods directly preparing fine grain Cu-Nb alloy blanks, can pass through drawing
It the techniques such as pulls out, roll and more efficiently preparing Cu-Nb alloy wires or band that microstructure thinning causes Nano grade.
Invention content
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of preparation method of high-strength high-conductivity Cu-Nb alloy blanks, features
It is, the high-strength high-conductivity Cu-Nb alloys are Cu-Nb bianry alloys, and main component is：Cu elements are 80-
98wt%, Nb element are 2-20wt%；Semi-solid casting technology is combined using the solidification of solid-liquid two-phase, and pure niobium powder is added
Alloy melt, forms the solid solution of richness Nb in rapid solidification, and by drawing, that rolling mill practice prepares microscopic structure is thin
Change the Cu-Nb alloy blanks for causing Nano grade, tensile strength 1300-1700MPa, conductivity is higher than 75%IACS, the alloy
The crystallite dimension of blank is 1-30 μm, can greatly improve the preparation efficiency of this alloy wire, thin-band material.
A kind of specific process step of the preparation method of high-strength high-conductivity Cu-Nb alloy blanks includes：
(1) melting of alloy and solid-liquid mixing：Using fine copper ingot, pure niobium ingot, pure niobium powder as raw material, at being grouped into
Fine copper ingot is 80-98wt%, and pure niobium ingot is 1-17wt%, and pure niobium powder is 1-3wt%；The particle diameter of wherein pure niobium powder is
0.5-30 μm, and remove its oxide on surface by reduction treatment；First, it is heated to after fine copper ingot and pure niobium ingot being mixed
1300-1700 DEG C, it is made to be fused into alloy melt, after keeping the temperature 10min, melt liquid level is protected using argon gas, and by pure niobium powder
Alloy melt is added in end；
(2) melt stirs：1-5min is sufficiently stirred to alloy melt using mechanical agitation mode, while by alloy melt temperature
Degree is reduced to 1200-1600 DEG C and keeps the temperature 10-15min, keeps alloy melt rapid partially solidified and forms semisolid mixing
Tissue；
(3) it is quickly cooled down：The melt cast of above-mentioned semisolid line and staff control is prepared in using the mold of circulating water
It at ingot casting, is cooled to room temperature with the speed of 100-200 DEG C/min, obtains high-strength high-conductivity Cu-Nb alloy blanks.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows the present invention to combine semi-solid casting technology using the solidification of solid-liquid two-phase, is closed in Cu-Nb
Fine copper powder is added in golden melt, and stirs and forms microstructure of semisolid, notable refining alloy as-cast microstructure, and makes Nb
More solid solution is laid a good foundation with Cu matrixes for the microstructure thinning technique during deformation after unloading.It can directly make
For the tiny big specification Cu-Nb alloy blanks of crystallite dimension are gone out, Cu-Nb alloy wires, band etc. can be on the one hand greatly improved
The processing efficiency of product, additionally it is possible to prepare the Cu-Nb alloy material products of more specifications, tensile strength 1300-
1700MPa, conductivity are higher than 75%IACS, have expanded the application field of this material significantly.
Specific implementation mode
The present invention provides a kind of preparation method of high-strength high-conductivity Cu-Nb alloy blanks, and the high intensity height is led
Electrical property Cu-Nb alloys are Cu-Nb bianry alloys, and main component is：Cu elements are 80-98wt%, and Nb elements are 2-
20wt%；Semi-solid casting technology is combined using the solidification of solid-liquid two-phase, and alloy melt is added in pure niobium powder, quick
The solid solution of richness Nb is formed in process of setting, and microstructure thinning is prepared by drawing, rolling mill practice and causes Nano grade
Cu-Nb alloy blanks, tensile strength 1300-1700MPa, conductivity are higher than 75%IACS, the crystallite dimension of the alloy blank
It is 1-30 μm, the preparation efficiency of this alloy wire, thin-band material can be greatly improved.Embodiment is set forth below to be explained.
Embodiment 1：Cu-2Nb alloys
Cu-2Nb alloys are prepared, are included the following steps：
(1) melting of alloy and solid-liquid mixing：Using fine copper ingot, pure niobium ingot, pure niobium powder as raw material, it is according to fine copper ingot
98wt%, pure niobium ingot is 1wt% and pure niobium powder is 1% dispensing, wherein the particle diameter of the pure niobium powder is 30 μm, and
And remove its oxide on surface by reduction treatment.First, being heated to 1300 DEG C after fine copper ingot and pure niobium ingot being mixed makes it melt
It is melted into alloy melt, after keeping the temperature 10min, melt liquid level is protected using argon gas, and alloy melt is added in pure niobium powder；
(2) melt stirs：5min is sufficiently stirred to alloy melt using mechanical agitation mode, while by alloy melt temperature
It is reduced to 1200 DEG C and keeps the temperature 15min, keep alloy melt rapid partially solidified and form semisolid line and staff control；
(3) it is quickly cooled down：The melt cast of above-mentioned semisolid line and staff control is prepared in using the mold of circulating water
It at ingot casting, is cooled to room temperature with the speed of 190 DEG C/min, obtains Cu-2Nb alloys；Its average crystal grain diameter of its microscopic structure is
30 μm, tensile strength 1300-1700MPa, conductivity is higher than 75%IACS.
Embodiment 2：Cu-5Nb alloys
Cu-5Nb alloys are prepared, are included the following steps：
(1) melting of alloy and solid-liquid mixing：Using fine copper ingot, pure niobium ingot, pure niobium powder as raw material, it is according to fine copper ingot
95wt%, pure niobium ingot are 4wt%, and pure niobium powder is 1wt% dispensings, wherein the particle diameter of the pure niobium powder is 10 μm,
And remove its oxide on surface by reduction treatment.First, being heated to 1400 DEG C after fine copper ingot and pure niobium ingot being mixed makes it
It is fused into alloy melt, after keeping the temperature 10min, melt liquid level is protected using argon gas, and alloy melt is added in pure niobium powder.
(2) melt stirs：Then, 1-5min is sufficiently stirred to alloy melt using mechanical agitation mode immediately, simultaneously will
Alloy melt temperature is reduced to 1350 DEG C and keeps the temperature 15min, keeps alloy melt rapid partially solidified and to form semisolid mixed
It is combined and knits.
(3) it is quickly cooled down：The melt cast of above-mentioned semisolid line and staff control is prepared in using the mold of circulating water
It at ingot casting, is cooled to room temperature with the speed of 100-200 DEG C/min, obtains Cu-5Nb alloys；Its average crystal grain of its microscopic structure is straight
Diameter is 15 μm, tensile strength 1300-1700MPa, and conductivity is higher than 75%IACS.
Embodiment 3：Cu-10Nb alloys
Cu-10Nb alloys are prepared, are included the following steps：
(1) melting of alloy and solid-liquid mixing：Using fine copper ingot, pure niobium ingot, pure niobium powder as raw material, it is according to fine copper ingot
90wt%, pure niobium ingot are 7wt%, and pure niobium powder is 3wt% dispensings, wherein the particle diameter of the pure niobium powder is 5 μm, and
And remove its oxide on surface by reduction treatment.First, being heated to 1450 DEG C after fine copper ingot and pure niobium ingot being mixed makes it melt
It is melted into alloy melt, after keeping the temperature 10min, melt liquid level is protected using argon gas, and alloy melt is added in pure niobium powder；
(2) melt stirs：Then, it uses mechanical agitation mode to be sufficiently stirred 5min to alloy melt immediately, while will close
Golden melt temperature is reduced to 1400 DEG C and keeps the temperature 15min, keeps alloy melt rapid partially solidified and forms semisolid mixing
Tissue；
(3) it is quickly cooled down：The melt cast of above-mentioned semisolid line and staff control is prepared in using the mold of circulating water
It at ingot casting, is cooled to room temperature with the speed of 200 DEG C/min, obtains Cu-5Nb alloys；Its average crystal grain diameter of its microscopic structure is
10 μm, tensile strength 1300-1700MPa, conductivity is higher than 75%IACS.
Embodiment 4：Cu-15Nb alloys
Cu-15Nb alloys are prepared, are included the following steps：
(1) melting of alloy and solid-liquid mixing：Using fine copper ingot, pure niobium ingot, pure niobium powder as raw material, it is according to fine copper ingot
85wt%, pure niobium ingot are 12.5wt%, and pure niobium powder is 2.5wt% dispensings, wherein the particle diameter of the pure niobium powder is 2
μm, and remove its oxide on surface by reduction treatment.First, being heated to 1600 DEG C after fine copper ingot and pure niobium ingot being mixed makes
It is fused into alloy melt, after keeping the temperature 10min, protects melt liquid level using argon gas, and alloy melt is added in pure niobium powder.
(2) melt stirs：Then, it uses mechanical agitation mode to be sufficiently stirred 5min to alloy melt immediately, while will close
Golden melt temperature is reduced to 1500 DEG C and keeps the temperature 10min, keeps alloy melt rapid partially solidified and forms semisolid mixing
Tissue.
(3) it is quickly cooled down：The melt cast of above-mentioned semisolid line and staff control is prepared in using the mold of circulating water
It at ingot casting, is cooled to room temperature with the speed of 180 DEG C/min, obtains Cu-15Nb alloys；Its average crystal grain diameter of its microscopic structure is
20 μm, tensile strength 1300-1700MPa, conductivity is higher than 75%IACS.
Embodiment 5：Cu-20Nb alloys
Cu-20Nb alloys are prepared, are included the following steps：
(1) melting of alloy and solid-liquid mixing：Using fine copper ingot, pure niobium ingot, pure niobium powder as raw material, it is according to fine copper ingot
80wt%, pure niobium ingot are 17wt%, and pure niobium powder is 3wt% dispensings, wherein the particle diameter of the fine copper powder is 1 μm,
And remove its oxide on surface by reduction treatment.First, being heated to 1700 DEG C after fine copper ingot and pure niobium ingot being mixed makes it
It is fused into alloy melt, after keeping the temperature 10min, melt liquid level is protected using argon gas, and alloy melt is added in pure niobium powder.
(2) melt stirs：Then, it uses mechanical agitation mode to be sufficiently stirred 5min to alloy melt immediately, while will close
Golden melt temperature is reduced to 1600 DEG C and keeps the temperature 13min, keeps alloy melt rapid partially solidified and forms semisolid mixing
Tissue.
(3) it is quickly cooled down：The melt cast of above-mentioned semisolid line and staff control is prepared in using the mold of circulating water
It at ingot casting, is cooled to room temperature with the speed of 200 DEG C/min, obtains Cu-20Nb alloys；Its average crystal grain diameter of its microscopic structure is
25 μm, tensile strength 1300-1700MPa, conductivity is higher than 75%IACS.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of preparation method of high-strength high-conductivity Cu-Nb alloy blanks, the high-strength high-conductivity Cu-Nb is closed
Gold is Cu-Nb bianry alloys, and main component is：Cu elements are 80-98wt%, and Nb elements are 2-20wt%；It is characterized in that,
Specifically step of preparation process includes：
(1) melting of alloy and solid-liquid mixing：Using fine copper ingot, pure niobium ingot, pure niobium powder as raw material, at being grouped into fine copper
Ingot：80-98wt%, pure niobium ingot：1-17wt%, pure niobium powder:1-3wt%；The particle diameter of wherein pure niobium powder is 0.5-30 μ
M, and remove its oxide on surface by reduction treatment；First, 1300-1700 is heated to after fine copper ingot and pure niobium ingot being mixed
DEG C, so that it is fused into alloy melt, after keeping the temperature 10min, melt liquid level is protected using argon gas, and alloy is added in pure niobium powder
Melt；
(2) melt stirs：1-5min is sufficiently stirred to alloy melt using mechanical agitation mode, while alloy melt temperature being dropped
Down to 1200-1600 DEG C and 10-15min is kept the temperature, keep alloy melt rapid partially solidified and forms semisolid line and staff control；
(3) it is quickly cooled down：The melt cast of above-mentioned semisolid line and staff control is prepared into casting in using the mold of circulating water
Ingot is cooled to room temperature with the speed of 100-200 DEG C/min, obtains the Cu-Nb alloy blanks of high-strength high-conductivity.
2. a kind of preparation method of high-strength high-conductivity Cu-Nb alloy blanks, which is characterized in that specifically prepare Cu-10Nb
Alloy includes the following steps：
(1) melting of alloy and solid-liquid mixing：Using fine copper ingot, pure niobium ingot, pure niobium powder as raw material, it is according to fine copper ingot
90wt%, pure niobium ingot are 7wt%, and pure niobium powder is 3wt% dispensings, wherein the particle diameter of the pure niobium powder is 5 μm, and
And remove its oxide on surface by reduction treatment；First, being heated to 1450 DEG C after fine copper ingot and pure niobium ingot being mixed makes it melt
It is melted into alloy melt, after keeping the temperature 10min, melt liquid level is protected using argon gas, and alloy melt is added in pure niobium powder；
(2) melt stirs：Then, 5min is sufficiently stirred to alloy melt using mechanical agitation mode immediately, while alloy is melted
Temperature reduction is to 1400 DEG C and keeps the temperature 15min, keeps alloy melt rapid partially solidified and forms semisolid line and staff control；
(3) it is quickly cooled down：The melt cast of above-mentioned semisolid line and staff control is prepared into casting in using the mold of circulating water
Ingot is cooled to room temperature with the speed of 200 DEG C/min, obtains Cu-10Nb alloys；Its average crystal grain diameter of its microscopic structure is 10 μ
m；Its tensile strength 1300-1700MPa, conductivity are higher than 75%IACS.
3. a kind of preparation method of high-strength high-conductivity Cu-Nb alloy blanks, which is characterized in that specifically prepare Cu-15Nb
Alloy includes the following steps：
(1) melting of alloy and solid-liquid mixing：Using fine copper ingot, pure niobium ingot, pure niobium powder as raw material, it is according to fine copper ingot
85wt%, pure niobium ingot are 12.5wt%, and pure niobium powder is 2.5wt% dispensings, wherein the particle diameter of the pure niobium powder is 2
μm, and remove its oxide on surface by reduction treatment；First, being heated to 1600 DEG C after fine copper ingot and pure niobium ingot being mixed makes
It is fused into alloy melt, after keeping the temperature 10min, protects melt liquid level using argon gas, and alloy melt is added in pure niobium powder；
(2) melt stirs：Then, 5min is sufficiently stirred to alloy melt using mechanical agitation mode immediately, while alloy is melted
Temperature reduction is to 1500 DEG C and keeps the temperature 10min, keeps alloy melt rapid partially solidified and forms semisolid line and staff control；
(3) it is quickly cooled down：The melt cast of above-mentioned semisolid line and staff control is prepared into casting in using the mold of circulating water
Ingot is cooled to room temperature with the speed of 180 DEG C/min, obtains Cu-15Nb alloys；Its average crystal grain diameter of its microscopic structure is 20 μ
m；Its tensile strength 1300-1700MPa, conductivity are higher than 75%IACS.
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| CN110465643B (en) * | 2019-09-12 | 2021-02-26 | 江西省鹰潭铜产业工程技术研究中心 | Preparation method of copper-niobium composite material |
| CN111041250A (en) * | 2019-11-27 | 2020-04-21 | 江苏科技大学 | Preparation method of copper-niobium superconducting composite material |
| CN112007949B (en) * | 2020-08-27 | 2022-02-08 | 西北有色金属研究院 | Preparation method of reinforced Cu-Nb composite wire |
| CN113528883B (en) * | 2021-07-13 | 2022-05-20 | 上海理工大学 | Copper-niobium alloy for medical biopsy puncture needle |
| CN113969364B (en) * | 2021-09-10 | 2022-05-03 | 中南大学 | High-strength high-conductivity copper-niobium alloy and preparation method thereof |
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Effective date of registration: 20191115 Address after: 101407 Beijing city Huairou District Yanqi Economic Development Zone Branch Hing Street No. 11 Patentee after: Research Institute of engineering and Technology Co., Ltd. Address before: 100088 Beijing city Xicheng District Xinjiekou Avenue No. 2 Patentee before: General Research Institute for Nonferrous Metals |