CN106674585A - Preparation method of porous-structure stretchable elastomer - Google Patents
Preparation method of porous-structure stretchable elastomer Download PDFInfo
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- CN106674585A CN106674585A CN201611148045.9A CN201611148045A CN106674585A CN 106674585 A CN106674585 A CN 106674585A CN 201611148045 A CN201611148045 A CN 201611148045A CN 106674585 A CN106674585 A CN 106674585A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/26—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof by elimination of a solid phase from a macromolecular composition or article, e.g. leaching out
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2383/00—Characterised by the use of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing silicon with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen, or carbon only; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2383/04—Polysiloxanes
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- Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)
Abstract
The embodiment of the invention provides an ultrahigh-controllability preparation method of a porous-structure stretchable elastomer. The method comprises the following steps: 1. acquiring a substrate; 2. preparing a preset-thickness film on the substrate as a sacrificial layer; 3. preparing a microsphere array on the sacrificial layer; 4. adding a liquid material into gaps in the microsphere array, and curing the liquid material into an elastomer by heat curing; and 5. removing the microsphere array from the elastomer by a chemical process, and separating the elastomer from the substrate, thereby generating the porous-structure stretchable elastomer. The preparation method has ultrahigh controllability.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Material Field, more particularly to a kind of stretchable method for producing elastomers with loose structure.
Background technology
With the continuous improvement of scientific and technological level and living standard, the motion state of human body, breath state, body temperature and blood pressure etc.
Every body and physical signs are of much attention.Dependence based on such demand and partes corporis humani position to stretchable characteristic,
Stretch material turn into detection human body indicators important materials however, the characteristics of human synovial position greatly strains to material can
Draftability proposes bigger challenge.Meanwhile, in strain sensing field, what Large strain was stretched monitors also drawing to backing material
Stretch performance and propose requirements at the higher level.Because with good tensility and bio-compatibility, the elastomer such as silicon rubber is used extensively
Make the backing material of electronic skin, but its tensile property is limited by material inherent characteristic.
One kind is proposed by photoetching process in order to break through the limitation of the proper property to stretch capability of material, Park J. etc.
Introduce stereochemical structure, the strategy of dispersive stress, so as to reach super stretchable technical scope.But due to photoetching cost, processing
The limitation of area and photolithographic depth, the method is difficult in low cost, the preparation of the super Stretch material of large area.Based on same
The thinking of sample, Duan S. etc. it is also proposed the scheme that stereo-elastic body is prepared using 3D printing technique, but 3D printing size
(about 200 microns) also strongly limit the thickness of elastomer.
The content of the invention
The embodiment provides a kind of stretchable method for producing elastomers with loose structure, preparation method
With high controllability.
The method for producing elastomers with loose structure includes：
Step one, obtains substrate；
Step 2, prepares the film of predetermined thickness, as sacrifice layer over the substrate；
Step 3, micro-sphere array is prepared on the sacrifice layer；
Step 4, liquid material is added in the gap of the micro-sphere array, using the method for heat cure, the liquid
State material solidification elastomer-forming；
Step 5, removes the micro-sphere array, and make the elastomer and institute by chemical method from the elastomer
State substrate separation, elastomer of the generation with loose structure.
After the step 3, before the step 4, methods described also includes：Using the method for etching, removal is local
The PS micro-sphere arrays in region；
The step 4 is specially：Liquid material is added to the gap of the PS micro-sphere arrays of removal regional area
In, the liquid material is solidified elastomer-forming by the method for recycling heat cure.
The step 3 is specially：Using the method for default sedimentation location, the micro-sphere array with figure is prepared；
The step 4 is specially：Liquid material is added in the gap of the micro-sphere array with figure, then profit
With the method for heat cure, the liquid material is solidified elastomer-forming.
Microballoon in the micro-sphere array is to be made up of polymer.
Microballoon in the micro-sphere array is to be made up of polystyrene PS or shitosan or the fat of glycidyl third.
The liquid material by with being converted to solid-state ability from liquid, and have during solid-state tensility can polymer
Material is constituted.
The polymeric material is polydimethylsiloxane, Solaris silicon rubber.
The substrate is the substrate being made up of inorganic oxide.Optionally, the substrate is glass substrate.
The film is to be constituted by by macromolecule organic material.Optionally, the film is polystyrene film.
The technical scheme provided by embodiments of the invention described above can be seen that in the embodiment of the present invention, porous elastomers
Pore size can be regulated and controled by the size of microballoon；The area that the area of porous elastomers can be arranged by microballoon enters
Row regulation and control；The thickness and the amount of added PDMS that the thickness of porous elastomers can be arranged by microballoon are regulated and controled.Therefore, it is porous
Elastomer has a multiple dimensioned controllable characteristic such as aperture, thickness, area, preparation method provided by the present invention have it is high can
Control property.
The additional aspect of the present invention and advantage will be set forth in part in the description, and these will become from the following description
Obtain substantially, or recognized by practice of the invention.
Brief description of the drawings
Technical scheme in order to illustrate more clearly the embodiments of the present invention, below will be to that will use needed for embodiment description
Accompanying drawing be briefly described, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, for this
For the those of ordinary skill of field, without having to pay creative labor, other can also be obtained according to these accompanying drawings
Accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the method for producing elastomers with loose structure of the invention；
Fig. 2 is the side view of the micro-sphere array of self assembly of the invention；
Fig. 3 is micro-sphere array insertion of the invention side view in the elastomer；
Fig. 4 is the side view of porous stretchable elastomer of the invention；
Fig. 5 A and Fig. 5 B are respectively the photo of the SEM on self-assembly microspheres array and porous elastomers surface；
Fig. 6 is the top view of porous elastomers Graphic Design.
Specific embodiment
Embodiments of the present invention are described below in detail, the example of the implementation method is shown in the drawings, wherein ad initio
Same or similar element or element with same or like function are represented to same or similar label eventually.Below by
The implementation method being described with reference to the drawings is exemplary, is only used for explaining the present invention, and is not construed as limiting the claims.
For ease of the understanding to the embodiment of the present invention, done by taking several specific embodiments as an example further below in conjunction with accompanying drawing
Explanation, and each embodiment does not constitute the restriction to the embodiment of the present invention.
It is described below in conjunction with Fig. 1-Fig. 6.
As shown in figure 1, being the method for producing elastomers with loose structure of the present invention, methods described includes：
Step 11, obtains substrate 3；
Step 12, prepares the film of predetermined thickness on the substrate 3, used as sacrifice layer 2；
Step 13, prepares micro-sphere array 1 on the sacrifice layer 2；
Step 14, liquid material is added in the gap of the micro-sphere array 1, using the method for heat cure, described
Liquid material solidifies elastomer-forming 4；
Step 15, the micro-sphere array 1 is removed by chemical method from the elastomer 4, and make the elastomer 4 with
The substrate 3 is separated, elastomer 4 of the generation with loose structure.
Optionally, after the step 13, before the step 14, methods described also includes：Using the method for etching, go
Except the PS micro-sphere arrays of regional area；
Accordingly, the step 4 is specially：Liquid material is added to the PS micro-sphere arrays of removal regional area
In gap, the liquid material is solidified elastomer-forming by the method for recycling heat cure.
Optionally, the step 13 is specially：Using the method for default sedimentation location, the microballoon battle array with figure is prepared
Row；
Accordingly, the step 14 is specially：Liquid material is added to the gap of the micro-sphere array with figure
In, the liquid material is solidified elastomer-forming by the method for recycling heat cure.
Microballoon in the micro-sphere array is to be made up of polymer.For example, by polystyrene PS or shitosan or first
The fat of base acrylic acid epoxy third is constituted.
The liquid material by with being converted to solid-state ability from liquid, and have during solid-state tensility can polymer
Material is constituted.
The polymeric material is polydimethylsiloxane, Solaris silicon rubber.
The substrate is the substrate being made up of inorganic oxide.For example, the substrate is glass substrate.
The film is to be constituted by by macromolecule organic material.For example, the film is polyethylene film material group
Into.
The invention has the advantages that：
(1) pore size of porous elastomers can be regulated and controled by the size of microballoon；The area of porous elastomers can
Regulated and controled with the area arranged by microballoon；Thickness and added PDMS that the thickness of porous elastomers can be arranged by microballoon
Amount regulated and controled.Therefore, porous elastomers have the multiple dimensioned controllable characteristic such as aperture, thickness, area, provided by the present invention
Preparation method there is high controllability.
(2) stereochemical structure in the present invention with dispersion internal stress, can lift the stretch capability of block materials, so that
Super stretchable characteristic is realized in the present invention.
(3) sacrificial layer technology proposed by the present invention, making the separation of elastomer and substrate becomes easy to operate.
Another embodiment of the present invention is below described.
A kind of large area preparation method of the stretchable elastomer with loose structure, comprises the following steps：
Step one, prepares sacrifice layer and micro-sphere array.
Wherein, the sacrifice layer is for preventing elastomer from being adhered to substrate, being easy to separate expendable material.For example,
Polystyrene film is used in embodiment, has been easy to be dissolved simultaneously with polystyrene microsphere.
The micro-sphere array is the spherical array for passing through physical method self assembly by microballoon.The microballoon is by changing
Learn or write polymer microballoon spheroid or globoid of physical method synthesis, dimension adjustable (size can be at 1nm to 250 μm
In the range of adjust), material can be：Polystyrene (PS), shitosan, the fat of glycidyl third etc..The self-assembly method
Refer to microballoon is carried out the method that self-align forms single or multiple lift array using principles such as capillary force, molecular forces,
Including：Various methods such as self assembly, natural sedimentation self assembly, the czochralski method self assembly of solid-liquid interface.Due to self-assembly process
Progress, the characteristics of the micro-sphere array prepared by the process has arranging rule, area is controllable.Described area is controllable to refer to
Can artificially increased or decrease the area of arrangement as needed, areal extent square millimeter to square metre in the range of become
Change.The micro-sphere array obtained by self-assembling method has the structure of six side's closest packings under normal circumstances, between each spheroid
Certain hole is had, these holes can be filled in negative pressure by organic matter.
Step 2, injects elastomer.The injection of the elastomer is to make uncured liquid state organics material by negative pressure method
Material is added to micro-sphere array hole, then carries out being solidified into the process of elastomer.The elastomer is that have from liquid transformation
There is the polymeric material of tensility energy to solid-state ability, and during solid-state, such as：Dimethyl silicone polymer (PDMS),
Solaris silicon rubber etc..The negative pressure method refers to that liquid state organics are covered on micro-sphere array surface, then inserts vacuum environment
In (air pressure be less than 10Pa).Gas in micro-sphere array can be due to pressure differential loss out, and liquid state organics are then redirected back into micro-
In the gap of ball array, so as to form the stereochemical structure that organic matter wraps up micro-sphere array.
Micro-sphere array is sacrificed in step 3, removal.It is to remove microballoon by organic solvent that micro-sphere array is sacrificed in described removal
Process.The organic solvent can be the organic solvent of selective removal microballoon, such as：Acetone, ether etc..Liquid state organics
After solidification, the elastomer after removal microballoon has well-regulated stereoeffect, and the structure is complementary with micro-sphere array.
In above-described embodiment, the thickness of stretchable elastomer includes two parts：First, it is thick with stereochemical structure part
Degree；Second, without stereochemical structure segment thickness.Part I can be controlled by the number of plies of micro-sphere array self assembly,
In general sense, the segment thickness minimum can be 1 μm.Part II can be controlled by spin-coating method or weighing method, generally
Can be controllable more than 3 μm.The relative scale of two parts thickness can also by control, the thickness of whole elastomer 4 μm with
It is upper controllable.
Furthermore it is possible to by patterned method, be prepared on micro-sphere array without microballoon region, or existed by local approach
Desired zone prepares micro-sphere array, realizes the graphical and local design of loose structure.
It is below another embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in Figures 2 to 4, illustrate including microballoon 1, sacrifice layer 2, substrate 3 prepares porous elastomers with the composition of elastomer 4
Process.In the present embodiment, microballoon 1 can be polystyrene microsphere (3 microns, Fig. 5 A), and sacrifice layer 2 can be thin for polystyrene
Film, substrate 3 can be glass substrate, and elastomer can be PDMS with 4.
Work flow includes：
Step one, as shown in Fig. 2 preparing the sheet glass 3 of particular size, the PS that specific thicknesses are prepared on sheet glass 3 is thin
Film 2 prepares PS micro-sphere arrays 3 as sacrifice layer and by natural sedimentation.As illustrating in Fig. 1, four layers of PS microballoons have only been drawn.
Under actual conditions, the microballoon number of plies can be by the added microballoon dispersion liquid quality of change or the method artificial adjustment of concentration.
Step 2, as shown in figure 3, by negative pressure method liquid PDMS (base fluid and crosslinked fluid are the formulas of DOW CORNING 184)
It is added in PS arrays gap, recycles the method for heat cure that PDMS is solidified elastomer-forming 4.
Step 3, as shown in figure 4, PS ball arrays are removed by chemical method, while making PDMS elastomers be separated with substrate.
After removal PS ball arrays, script PS balls present position turns into gaseous state cavity (5).Because sacrifice layer and micro-sphere array be all in the example
Polystyrene material is the use of, thus can be by organic solvent (such as：Acetone) remove in the lump.So as to obtain such as Fig. 4 institutes
The porous elastomers for showing.
As fig. 5 a and fig. 5b, the surface texture 6 and removal PS balls of the PS ball arrays being followed successively by above-mentioned process
The surface texture 7 of porous PDMS afterwards.
Optionally, before injection liquid PDMS, regional area can be prepared using methods such as oxygen plasma etches
PS arrays, it is also possible to the PS arrays with figure are directly prepared using the method for default sedimentation location, as shown in fig. 6, can be to most
The loose structure on whole PDMS surfaces is patterned design, so as to realize the purpose of monoblock elastomeric stretch performance.
The above, the only present invention preferably specific embodiment, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to
This, any one skilled in the art the invention discloses technical scope in, the change that can readily occur in or replace
Change, should all be included within the scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be with the protection model of claim
Enclose and be defined.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of stretchable method for producing elastomers with loose structure, it is characterised in that including：
Step one, obtains substrate；
Step 2, prepares the film of predetermined thickness, as sacrifice layer over the substrate；
Step 3, micro-sphere array is prepared on the sacrifice layer；
Step 4, liquid material is added in the gap of the micro-sphere array, using the method for heat cure, the liquid material
Material solidification elastomer-forming；
Step 5, removes the micro-sphere array, and make the elastomer with the lining by chemical method from the elastomer
Bottom separates, elastomer of the generation with loose structure.
2. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that after the step 3, before the step 4, institute
Stating method also includes：Using the method for etching, the PS micro-sphere arrays of regional area are removed；
The step 4 is specially：Liquid material is added in the gap of the PS micro-sphere arrays of removal regional area, then
Using the method for heat cure, the liquid material is solidified elastomer-forming.
3. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the step 3 is specially：Using default sedimentation position
The method put, prepares the micro-sphere array with figure；
The step 4 is specially：Liquid material is added in the gap of the micro-sphere array with figure, heat is recycled
The liquid material, is solidified elastomer-forming by the method for solidification.
4. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the microballoon in the micro-sphere array is to be made up of polymer.
5. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the microballoon in the micro-sphere array be by polystyrene PS,
Or shitosan or the fat of glycidyl third composition.
6. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the liquid material from liquid by with being converted to solid-state energy
Power, and there is the polymeric material composition of tensility energy during solid-state.
7. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the polymeric material be polydimethylsiloxane,
Solaris silicon rubber.
8. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the substrate is the substrate being made up of inorganic oxide.
9. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the film is to be made up of macromolecule organic material.
10. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the film is polystyrene film.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108896213A (en) * | 2018-04-25 | 2018-11-27 | 北京大学 | Stress sensor based on porous conductive elastomer and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN109115377A (en) * | 2018-09-04 | 2019-01-01 | 成都新柯力化工科技有限公司 | A kind of flexible pressure-sensitive thin-film material and preparation method for electronic skin |
| CN110504474A (en) * | 2019-08-26 | 2019-11-26 | 西北工业大学 | Method for preparing heterogeneous composite proton exchange membrane by regulating and controlling interface microstructure |
| CN112571817A (en) * | 2020-11-24 | 2021-03-30 | 浙江清华柔性电子技术研究院 | Ordered controllable porous silica gel and preparation method thereof |
| CN114543655A (en) * | 2022-03-14 | 2022-05-27 | 山东大学 | Self-assembly strain monitoring sensor and manufacturing method thereof |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108896213A (en) * | 2018-04-25 | 2018-11-27 | 北京大学 | Stress sensor based on porous conductive elastomer and manufacturing method thereof |
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| CN110504474A (en) * | 2019-08-26 | 2019-11-26 | 西北工业大学 | Method for preparing heterogeneous composite proton exchange membrane by regulating and controlling interface microstructure |
| CN112571817A (en) * | 2020-11-24 | 2021-03-30 | 浙江清华柔性电子技术研究院 | Ordered controllable porous silica gel and preparation method thereof |
| CN114543655A (en) * | 2022-03-14 | 2022-05-27 | 山东大学 | Self-assembly strain monitoring sensor and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN114543655B (en) * | 2022-03-14 | 2023-02-17 | 山东高速基础设施建设有限公司 | Self-assembly strain monitoring sensor and manufacturing method thereof |
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