CN106665328B - A kind of anti-balck shank kind directed cultivation method of flue-cured tobacco - Google Patents
A kind of anti-balck shank kind directed cultivation method of flue-cured tobacco Download PDFInfo
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- CN106665328B CN106665328B CN201510759148.8A CN201510759148A CN106665328B CN 106665328 B CN106665328 B CN 106665328B CN 201510759148 A CN201510759148 A CN 201510759148A CN 106665328 B CN106665328 B CN 106665328B
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Abstract
The invention belongs to tobacco breeding technical fields, and in particular to a kind of anti-balck shank kind directed cultivation method of flue-cured tobacco：Mainly selection and breeding flow is：6 crop field identifications of screening → parental apolegamy of germ plasm resource → F1 Disease garden identifications → F2 3 generation sick nurseries screening → F4 → ore grade indexes → variety test of lines → regional testing → pilot production → variety certification；Wherein：Include the following steps：1, the apolegamy and hybridization of excellent complementary parent material：Excellent complementary parent material is filtered out from anti-balck shank, high yield, good Germplasms and is hybridized；2, the high new lines of balck shank strong drought resistance, yield are selected in directive breeding；Not only anti-balck shank ability protrudes the new flue-cured tobacco varieties that the present invention selects, while having the characteristics that yield potentiality is big, best in quality, saves the qualification time of kind later stage disease, improves the cultivation efficiency of anti-balck shank kind.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to tobacco disease resistance breeding technical fields, and in particular to a kind of flue-cured tobacco anti-balck shank kind directive breeding side
Method.
Background technology
Tobacco black shank is most important disease in tobacco leaf production, and incidence is high, has a very wide distribution, caused by it is economical
It loses huge.China is in addition to Heilongjiang Province not yet finds the disease, and there are generation in other each plant cigarette provinces, for many years, to the disease
Prevention mainly use based on chemical prevention, and in conjunction with the method for integrated control supplemented by cultivation step.Due to being used for a long time
The resistance of chemical agent, many disease-resistant varieties is lost, and cause of disease but produces drug resistance.In recent years, due to soil sheet company side,
Cause tobacco planting crop rotation difficult, balck shank aggravates year by year, is badly in need of that the improved seeds of balck shank, selection and breeding to be resisted to resist black shin in production
The kind of disease is the basic method for solving the disease.
Therefore it is badly in need of a kind of quickening breeding process, improves efficiency of selection, shortens the breeding technique of the breeding time limit.Traditional is roasting
Cigarette new variety selective breeding technology mainly use " pedigree method ", strain stablize after carry out again disease resistance and quality etc. it is related identify；
Breeding Process is longer, less efficient.
Invention content
" pedigree method " mainly is used for traditional new flue-cured tobacco varieties breeding technique, is carried out again after strain is stablized disease-resistant
Property it is related to quality etc. identification, Breeding Process is longer, less efficient problem.It is anti-that the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of flue-cured tobaccos
Balck shank kind directed cultivation method accelerates the procedure of breeding, improves efficiency of selection, shortens the flue-cured tobacco cultivars selection and breeding skill of the breeding time limit
Art.
The present invention is realized by following technical proposals：
A kind of anti-balck shank kind directed cultivation method of flue-cured tobacco：
Mainly selection and breeding flow is：Screening → parental apolegamy of germ plasm resource → F1 Disease garden identifications → F2-3 for sick nursery screen →
The crop fields F4-6 identification → ore grade indexes → variety test of lines → regional testing → pilot production → variety certification；
Wherein：Include the following steps：
1, the apolegamy and hybridization of excellent complementary parent material：
Excellent complementary parent material is filtered out from anti-balck shank, high yield, good Germplasms and is hybridized；
2, the high new lines of balck shank strong drought resistance, yield are selected in directive breeding；
A, the selection and breeding of first-filial generation：
All F1 generations are directly planted in balck shank sick nursery, and screening growing way is good in sick nursery, and the high generation of yield only selects group
It closes, not menu strain directly selects the combination of anti-balck shank；
A1:The generation having outstanding performance is directly entered quality identification, the examination of strain area and production demonstration；
A2:Disease-resistant generation material enters F2 generation selections；
B, F2-3 is screened for sick nursery：
F2-3 directly plants in balck shank garden for material, screens that anti-balck shank ability is strong, yield is high in segregating population
New lines, F2-3 are planted and are screened under the conditions of sick nursery connects bacterium for material, so that its anti-balck shank characteristic is given full expression to, and to shape
State feature, yielding ability and other Disease Resistances carry out natural selection, retain a variety of variation types as possible；
C, the crop fields F4-6 are identified：
F4-F6 is planted for material under normal test conditions, selects strain best in quality；Normal condition plant when pair
Morphological feature, resistance and the yield potentiality of material are selected；Emphasis is to correlation merit character simultaneously, such as chemical composition, perfume (or spice)
Gas ingredient, sensory evaluating smoking etc. screen；
D, ore grade indexes：
Stable advanced clones carry out variety test of lines, mainly comprehensively relatively comment the stabilization strain progress selected
Valence is carried out at the same time the identification of other diseases；
E, regional testing：
To showing preferable material, emphasis proves the adaptability and yielding ability of strain, and certain property with check variety
The difference of shape, yielding ability, resistance and the adaptability of the regional testing major diagnostic kind, and identify kind under different year
Yield stability under different cultivation techniques and ecological condition and adaptability are selected more comprehensive than control kind yield, the output value and quality etc.
The suitable or excellent quality product kind of character；
F, pilot production：
Including experiment in cultivation, baked test, mutilocation trial, industrial evaluation etc.；The characteristics of for kind and production item
Part carries out the research of cultivation technique, is integrated to kind and cultivation technique, in different lifes close to Production of Large Fields
Yielding ability, resistance and the adaptability of state area identification of species provide scientific basis to promote and apply；
G, variety certification：
Determine kind planting area.
The present invention has the following advantages compared with traditional selection method：
The present invention is characterized in that：In F1-F3 generations, directly plant in balck shank sick nursery, early generation to the resistance of balck shank into
Identification is gone.The F1 generation combination having outstanding performance, can be directly entered ore grade indexes, substantially reduce the selection and breeding time；Performance is preferable
In combination, i.e. F2-3 generations, continue to plant in balck shank garden, selection target single plant or type from segregating population so that selected type was both
With high yielding character, and the characteristic with anti-balck shank.
It can accelerate breeding process, shorten the breeding time limit, the present invention has carried out the screening of balck shank in early generation, reduces later stage disease
The time of evil identification.
Breeding work amount can be reduced, breeding efficiency is improved.
The present invention has carried out the identification of balck shank in early generation, it is ensured that the resistance of selected excellent strain balck shank, to not anti-black
The group of shin disease eliminates in early generation, greatly reduces the workload of seed selection；With conventional variety selection and breeding mostly for carrying out black shin after material
The identification method of disease is compared, and is substantially increased anti-balck shank breeding efficiency, is shortened breeding process.
Sick nursery breeding can quickly bring out regularity height, the reliable disease-resistant variety of stability compared with conventional breeding methods.
Specific implementation mode
The content of invention is described in detail with reference to embodiments
Using this technology, multiple anti-balck shank kinds are selected（System）, wherein representative have Henan cigarette 7 and Y106 etc..
Embodiment 1
Cigarette No. 7 kinds in Henan are flue-cured tobacco first-filial generation kind.
Preparing hybrid combination in 2002,2003--2004 carry out ore grade indexes experiment in balck shank sick nursery, join within 2005
Henan Province's flue-cured tobacco breeding regional testing is added, 2006-2007 participates in national flue-cured tobacco breeding regional testing, while having participated in 2006
Henan Province's new flue-cured tobacco varieties matching technique study in year and 2007 and other small areas produced demonstration test, and in 2007 8
The moon is commented by saving, and is named as Henan cigarette 7.2008-2009 has carried out main matching technique study and Perfect the work, 2009 years into
The area's trial production of the row whole nation is tested and is evaluated by national broadacre agriculture, is examined by national flue-cured tobacco cultivars validation board within 2010
It is fixed.
The kind has following outstanding feature：
(1), yield of tobacco, the output value are above control NC89, have relatively stable agricultural performance and higher agricultural
Utility value.
(2), tobacco aroma quality is preferable, and perfume quantity foot, sensory evaluating smoking is high-quality, and main chemical compositions are coordinated, especially potassium
Content is high, and vane thickness is uniform, has preferable industrial utility value.
(3), No. 7 anti-balck shanks of Henan cigarette, moderate resistance rust and bacterial wilt, resistance to PVY, middle sense root knot nematode disease and TMV, sense
CMV.Comprehensive disease resistance is better than control NC89.
(4), especially suitable suitable for the plantation of Henan Province's province's all regions and part the Yellow River and Huai He River cigarette district with wider adaptability
It closes and is planted in balck shank and the higher continuous cropping vega of rust incidence and area.
Embodiment 2
The Y106 strains are conventional hybridization kind.
2002, be female parent with middle cigarette 101, and 664-01 is that paternal hybrid obtains F1, 2003 in balck shank sick nursery kind
It plants, selfing obtains F2, planted in balck shank sick nursery within 2004~2005 years, 2006-2007 in field planting, using pedigree method into
Row Single-plant selection obtains stable strain.Carry out ore grade indexes and small area demonstration test within 2008；Participate in river within 2009~2011 years
South saves flue-cured tobacco cultivars regional testing；Participate in the whole nation within 2012~2013 years（Northern area）Flue-cured tobacco cultivars regional testing, while participating in river
South saves new flue-cured tobacco varieties and compares demonstration test, and carries out related matching technique study；Participate in the whole nation within 2014（Northern area）Flue-cured tobacco
Variety production is tested.In August, 2014 is evaluated by national broadacre agriculture.
The strain has following outstanding feature:
(1) drought-enduring, yield stability is good, and Economic returns are high；
(2) disease resistance is good, anti-balck shank, moderate resistance rust；
(3) easily baking is planted suitable for north cigarette district.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of anti-balck shank kind directed cultivation method of flue-cured tobacco, which is characterized in that selection and breeding flow is as follows：
Screening → parental apolegamy of germ plasm resource → F1 Disease garden identifications → F2-F3 is for the sick nursery screening → crop fields F4-F6 identification → product
It is identification → variety test of lines → regional testing → pilot production → variety certification；
Wherein：Include the following steps：
1）The apolegamy and hybridization of excellent complementation parent material：
Excellent complementary parent material is filtered out from anti-balck shank, high yield, good Germplasms and is hybridized；
2）The high new lines of anti-balck shank, strong drought resistance, yield are selected in directive breeding；
A, the selection and breeding of first-filial generation：
All F1 generations are directly planted in balck shank sick nursery, and screening growing way is good in sick nursery, the high generation of yield, only choosing combination,
Not menu strain directly selects the combination of anti-balck shank；
A1:The generation having outstanding performance is directly entered quality identification, the examination of strain area and production demonstration；
A2:Disease-resistant generation material enters F2 generation selections；
B, F2-F3 is screened for sick nursery：
F2-F3 is directly planted in balck shank garden for material, and it is new to screen that anti-balck shank ability is strong, yield is high in segregating population
Strain, F2-F3 are planted and are screened under the conditions of sick nursery connects bacterium for material, so that its anti-balck shank characteristic is given full expression to, and to form
Feature, yielding ability and other Disease Resistances carry out natural selection, retain a variety of variation types；
C, the crop fields F4-F6 are identified：
F4-F6 is planted for material under normal test conditions, selects strain best in quality；To material when normal condition is planted
Morphological feature, resistance and yield potentiality selected；Simultaneously emphasis to correlation merit character include chemical composition, fragrance at
Divide and sensory evaluating smoking screens；
D, ore grade indexes：
Stable advanced clones carry out variety test of lines, to the comprehensive comparative evaluation of stabilization strain progress selected, while into
The identification of the other diseases of row；
E, regional testing：
To showing preferable material, emphasis proves the adaptability and yielding ability of strain, and with certain characters of check variety
Difference, yielding ability, resistance and the adaptability of the regional testing identification of species, and identify that kind is in different cultivations under different year
Yield stability under training technology and ecological condition and adaptability select the Comprehensive Traits than control kind yield, the output value and quality suitable
Or excellent quality product kind；
F, pilot production：
Including experiment in cultivation, baked test, mutilocation trial, industrial evaluation；The characteristics of for kind and working condition carry out
The research of cultivation technique, integrates kind and cultivation technique, reflects in planted in different ecological areas close to Production of Large Fields
The yielding ability, resistance and adaptability for determining kind provide scientific basis to promote and apply；
G, variety certification：
Determine kind planting area.
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| CN107333643B (en) * | 2017-07-21 | 2019-05-14 | 河北省农林科学院旱作农业研究所 | A kind of resisting drought saving water strong gluten wheat directed cultivation method |
| CN108668821A (en) * | 2018-05-23 | 2018-10-19 | 湖南农业大学 | A kind of selection of new flue-cured tobacco varieties |
| CN109601370B (en) * | 2018-12-20 | 2022-03-15 | 湖北省烟草科学研究院 | Cascade selection method suitable for breeding new tobacco strain |
| CN110122325A (en) * | 2019-06-27 | 2019-08-16 | 河南省农业科学院烟草研究所 | A kind of anti-aphid kind directed cultivation method of tobacco |
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| US6965062B2 (en) * | 2001-09-21 | 2005-11-15 | North Carolina State University | Tobacco cultivar NC 2000 |
| CN104082124B (en) * | 2014-06-30 | 2016-08-24 | 福建农林大学 | A kind of selection of resistance tobacco bred |
| CN104885930B (en) * | 2015-07-01 | 2017-09-08 | 湖北省烟草科学研究院 | A kind of selection of how anti-flue-cured tobacco cenospecies |
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