CN106656875B - Channel estimation methods for sub-carrier indices modulation ofdm system - Google Patents
Channel estimation methods for sub-carrier indices modulation ofdm system Download PDFInfo
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- CN106656875B CN106656875B CN201710092138.2A CN201710092138A CN106656875B CN 106656875 B CN106656875 B CN 106656875B CN 201710092138 A CN201710092138 A CN 201710092138A CN 106656875 B CN106656875 B CN 106656875B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
- H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
- H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
- H04L27/2626—Arrangements specific to the transmitter only
- H04L27/2627—Modulators
- H04L27/2637—Modulators with direct modulation of individual subcarriers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L25/00—Baseband systems
- H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
- H04L25/0202—Channel estimation
- H04L25/0224—Channel estimation using sounding signals
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L25/00—Baseband systems
- H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
- H04L25/0202—Channel estimation
- H04L25/024—Channel estimation channel estimation algorithms
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Abstract
The invention belongs to wireless communication technology field, the channel estimation methods that ofdm system is modulated for sub-carrier indices are particularly related to.Method of the invention is on the basis of existing index modulation ofdm system, power distribution is carried out to data mapping subcarriers and pilot tone mapping subcarriers in transmitting terminal, receiving end obtains pilot tone position by energy measuring, and selectively reject the pilot frequency locations of misjudgment, the present invention is used for the index modulation ofdm communication system based on pilot tone, by rejecting the pilot frequency locations of several misjudgments, the influence that wrong pilot frequency locations generate system is reduced, the performance of system channel estimation is improved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to wireless communication technology field, particularly relate to modulate ofdm system for sub-carrier indices
Channel estimation methods.
Background technique
OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) technology is a kind of wireless communication
High speed transmission technology, the basic principle is that the data flow of high speed to be resolved into the sub-data flow of many low rates, i.e., by signal point
At many orthogonal subcarriers, transmitted simultaneously using these mutually orthogonal subcarriers.The technology utilizes subcarrier logarithm
According to being modulated, the pulse width of symbol is extended, intersymbol interference (Inter-Symbol can be reasonably resistant to
Interference, ISI), improve the performance to anti-multipath fading.(Frequency Division is multiplexed with conventional frequency division
Multiplexing, FDM) it compares, OFDM does not need special guard band.It is each although having overlapping between frequency spectrum
It is mutually orthogonal between carrier wave.According to orthogonality principle it is found that being that there is no interference between each carrier wave, to mention significantly
The high utilization rate of frequency spectrum.
Recently, a kind of new multi-carrier communication mode --- (Subcarrier Index is modulated based on sub-carrier indices
Modulation, SIM) ofdm system be suggested.For SIM-OFDM system, in addition to increase SIM modulation module with
Outside, other the step of and traditional ofdm system there is no any differences.Wherein, most crucial SIM modulation module uses son
The thought of carrier wave piecemeal.Entire multicarrier is continuously divided into the identical multiple sub-blocks of size first, passes through rope in each sub-block
Draw bit select wherein several subcarriers (referred to as activation subcarrier) send data, and remaining subcarrier is not sent
Data (referred to as silent subcarriers).Since index bit itself is not sent, but lie in the position letter of activation subcarrier
In breath, so index bit and being not take up frequency spectrum resource.In receiving end, by activating the position of subcarrier to be obtained with rope
Draw the information of bit.
Existing SIM-OFDM has many advantages, such as compared with traditional ofdm communication method, such as SIM-OFDM system
Papr is smaller, confrontation inter-sub-carrier interference performance is more preferable, the bit error rate is more low, by selecting different power point
Transmitter energy can also be saved with strategy.The disadvantage is that SIM-OFDM system is without image of Buddha OFDM due to by the way of piecemeal
It is the same in system, it is inserted into pilot tone on fixed position simply to complete channel estimation.And pilot frequency locations misjudgment will
Tremendous influence is generated to the channel estimating performance of SIM-OFDM system.
Summary of the invention
The present invention mentions aiming at the problem that misjudgment of existing index modulation ofdm system pilot frequency locations has an impact system
A kind of algorithm for selectively rejecting wrong pilot point out.So that the advantage of SIM-OFDM system itself had not only been remained, but also
The influence that pilot frequency locations misjudgment generates system can be reduced.
The technical scheme is that
Channel estimation methods for sub-carrier indices modulation ofdm system characterized by comprising
Transmitting terminal:
A. piecemeal: the subcarrier of sub-carrier index modulation ofdm system carries out piecemeal processing, obtains g=N/n sub-block,
Wherein N indicates the subcarrier total number of system, and n indicates the subcarrier number of each sub-block；
B. modulate: to each sub-block, modulation module first extracts corresponding pilot frequency design bit and modulation bit, then modulates
Bit is modulated to obtain the constellation point symbol to be sent by M-QAM, finally determines that n-k pilot tone is put according to pilot frequency design bit
Seated position, remaining k subcarrier is for sending constellation point symbol；Therefore, the information bit of a frame symbol transmission is gk
log2(M)；Pilot frequency design bit isK is the subcarrier number that constellation point symbol is sent in each sub-block,
It indicates downward bracket function, then there is the total bit number to be
C. it sends: to each sub-block of system, carrying indexed modulated data, n-k according to mapping subcarriers by k number
A pilot tone mapping subcarriers carry indexed modulated pilot data, and the transmission power of two sub-carriers is arranged；
Receiving end:
D. first time pilot frequency locations judge: frequency-domain received signal Y uses partitioned mode identical with transmitting terminal, obtains g=
N/n sub-block contains n subcarrier in each sub-block；After piecemeal, energy measuring is carried out to each sub-block, it is believed that every height
Sub-carrier positions where n-k sub-carrier positions of minimum energy are the pilot data of current sub-block in block, that is, search every height
N-k sub-carrier positions of minimum energy and the pilot frequency locations l labeled as current sub-block in blocki, subscript i is sub-block identifier,
By g pilot frequency locations liConstitute pilot frequency locations set L1, by pilot frequency locations set L1Obtain the frequency-domain received signal at pilot frequency locations
YP1；
E. initial channel estimation: using conventional channel estimation method by frequency-domain received signal YP1, pilot data P and pilot bit
Set set L1It carries out channel estimation and obtains first time channel estimation valueConventional channel estimation method refers to Linear least square estimation
(LS), Linear Minimum Mean-Square Error Estimation (LMMSE), compressed sensing the channel estimation methods such as channel estimation (CS)；
F. second of pilot frequency locations judgement: according to channel estimation valueEquilibrium treatment is carried out to frequency-domain received signal Y to obtain
Equalizing signalTo equalizing signalUsing partitioned mode identical with transmitting terminal, g=N/n sub-block is obtained, in each sub-block
Containing n subcarrier, after piecemeal, energy measuring is carried out to each sub-block, it also hold that equalizing signalEach sub-block in
N-k sub-carrier positions of minimum energy are the pilot frequency locations of current sub-block, constitute pilot frequency locations by the pilot frequency locations of g sub-block
Set L2, by pilot frequency locations set L2Obtain the frequency-domain received signal Y at pilot frequency locationsP2；The equalization methods of use include but not
It is only limitted to brokenly zero balanced (ZF), linear minimum mean-squared error balanced (LMMSE) etc.
G. channel estimation value is updated: by frequency-domain received signal YP2, pilot data P and pilot frequency locations set L2Carry out secondary letter
Road estimation, obtains second of channel estimation value
H. the pilot frequency locations of m misjudgment are rejected: calculating pilot frequency locations set L2In believe for second at each pilot frequency locations
The mean square error MSE of road estimation and first time channel estimation valueP,i,j:Wherein i indicates i-th
A sub-block, j indicate j-th of subcarrier in i-th of sub-block；Assuming that it is λ that pilot frequency locations, which reject coefficient, by mean square error
MSEP,i,jIt arranges in descending order, pilot frequency locations corresponding to m=λ (n-k) g square mean error amount, obtain pilot bit before rejecting
Set set L3, by pilot frequency locations set L3It can get the frequency-domain received signal Y at pilot frequency locationsP3；
I. channel estimation value is updated again: by frequency-domain received signal YP3, pilot data P and pilot frequency locations set L3Carry out letter
Road more new estimation, obtains third time channel estimation value
J. repeat step f- step i, until number of repetition be equal to preset threshold T, obtain final channel estimation value
The invention has the benefit that being reflected in transmitting terminal to data on the basis of existing index modulation ofdm system
It penetrates subcarrier and pilot tone mapping subcarriers carries out power distribution, receiving end obtains pilot tone position by energy measuring, and selects
The pilot frequency locations of misjudgment are rejected to selecting property, the present invention is used for the index modulation ofdm communication system based on pilot tone, by picking
Except the pilot frequency locations of several misjudgments, the influence that wrong pilot frequency locations generate system is reduced, system channel estimation is improved
Performance.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the index modulation of embodiment；Wherein X1,...,X512Indicate the transmission data of each sub-block, αS
Indicate the transmission power of data mapping subcarriers, P1,...,P512Indicate the pilot data of each sub-block, αPIndicate data mapping
The transmission power of carrier wave；
Fig. 2 is the block diagram for the index modulation system receiving terminal that application error pilot frequency locations reject algorithm.
Specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, the technical schemes of the invention are described in detail:
The present invention is based on the existing index modulation ofdm system based on pilot tone, with the existing index based on pilot tone
It modulates unlike ofdm system, uses a kind of wrong pilot frequency locations rejecting algorithm, reduce and judged incorrectly by pilot frequency locations
Influence to channel estimation, involved in index modulation, send and receive processing etc. with the existing rope based on pilot tone
It is identical to draw modulation ofdm system.
Embodiment:
Below with (n, k)=(2,1), total subcarrier number N=1024, cyclic prefix CP=64, modulation symbol use
QPSK (4-QAM), channel rough estimate use LS channel estimation, and the estimation of channel essence uses CS channel estimation, for ZF equilibrium
Introduce a specific embodiment of the invention.
Transmitting terminal:
The schematic diagram of SIM modulation as shown in Figure 1, specific implementation process are roughly divided into following several steps:
Step 1-1: the parameter of the determination system to be selected determines that subcarrier number N=1024, the son of each sub-block are carried
Wave number n=2 activates how many subcarrier number k=1 in sub-block, sub-block the number g=N/n=512, order of modulation M=4 being divided into.Then
It is calculated from the formula the amount of bits of a frame.The index bit length for wherein any one sub-block are as follows: It indicates to be rounded downwards, then for the index ofdm system of a frame, a shared m1=p1G=512 position index bit；To sharp
Subcarrier living, which sends 4-QAM modulation symbol, can send the modulation bit of a frame for the system of (n, k)=(2,1)
Number are as follows: m2=gp2=gklog2M=1024, the then total bit number m=m of a frame1+m2=1536.This frame data is divided into two
Group, one group is index bit, and for selecting subcarrier to send data, one group is modulation bit, in being modulated to and being activated
It is sent in subcarrier.
Step 1-2: SIM modulation is carried out, corresponding data mapping subcarriers is determined, is then assigned to SIM modulation symbol
On corresponding data mapping subcarriers.To each sub-block, is carried by data mapping subcarriers and send data, pilot tone mapping subcarriers
The transmission power for carrying pilot data (frequency pilot sign in corresponding diagram), and data mapping subcarriers being arranged is greater than pilot tone mapping
The transmission power of carrier wave.In the present embodiment, for the index modulation ofdm system of (n, k), be arranged data mapping subcarriers,
The transmission power of pilot tone mapping subcarriers meets k α average normalizedS+(n-k)αP=n, and αS>1,αP< 1, wherein αSFor data
The average normalized transmission power of mapping subcarriers, αPFor the average normalized transmission power of pilot tone mapping subcarriers.
The detailed process of SIM modulation are as follows: k subcarrier carries p2Position bit information, each subcarrier carry 1 symbol,
Each symbol is by log2M bit map at 1 M rank signal modulation symbol.According to p in each sub-block1The numerical value of a bit
Value sends this k M rank signal modulation symbol to determine which specific k activation subcarrier.
Receiving end:
Step 2-1: first time pilot frequency locations judgement.The signal Y that receives of frequency domain uses partitioned mode identical with transmitting terminal,
G=512 sub-block is obtained, contains 2 subcarriers in each piece.After piecemeal, energy measuring e is carried out one by one to each sub-blockj
=| Yi,j|, wherein i indicates i-th of sub-block, and j indicates j-th of subcarrier in i-th of sub-block, it is believed that energy in each sub-block
N-k=1 minimum sub-carrier positions are the pilot data P of current sub-blocki(i=1,2 ..., 512) where sub-carrier positions,
And it is denoted as the pilot frequency locations l of current sub-blocki(i=1,2 ..., g), by 512 pilot frequency locations liConstitute pilot frequency locations set L1,
By pilot frequency locations set L1The frequency-domain received signal Y at pilot frequency locations can be obtainedP1。
Step 2-2: initial channel estimation.By frequency-domain received signal YP1, pilot data P=[Pi]1≤i≤gWith pilot frequency locations collection
Close L1CS channel estimation is carried out, channel estimation value is obtained
The judgement of 2-3: second pilot frequency locations of step.The channel estimation value obtained using step 2-2Frequency domain is received and is believed
Number Y carries out ZF equilibrium and is equalized signalEqually, to equalizing signalUsing partitioned mode identical with transmitting terminal,
G=512 sub-block is obtained, contains n=2 subcarrier in each sub-block.After piecemeal, energy inspection is carried out one by one to each sub-block
It surveysIt also hold that equalizing signalEach sub-block in n-k=1 sub-carrier positions of minimum energy be current son
The pilot frequency locations of block are made of pilot frequency locations set L the pilot frequency locations of 512 sub-blocks2, by pilot frequency locations set L2Obtain pilot tone
Frequency-domain received signal Y at positionP2。
Step 2-4: channel estimation value is updatedBy frequency-domain received signal YP2, pilot data P and pilot frequency locations set L2It carries out
Channel rough estimate and the estimation of channel essence, respectively obtain least square method channel estimation valueMore preferably CS channel estimation value
Step 2-5: the pilot frequency locations of m misjudgment are rejected.The value range that pilot frequency locations reject coefficient is usually 2%
~5%, the present invention calculates pilot frequency locations set L for rejecting 12 pilot frequency locations2In CS channel estimation at each pilot frequency locations
With the mean square error MSE of LS channel estimationP,i,j:Wherein i indicates i-th of sub-block, j table
Show j-th of subcarrier in i-th of sub-block.By mean square error MSEP,i,jIt arranges in descending order, rejects preceding 12 square mean error amounts
Corresponding pilot frequency locations, remaining 500 pilot frequency locations constitute set L3, by pilot frequency locations set L3It can get pilot frequency locations
The frequency-domain received signal Y at placeP3。
Step 2-6: channel estimation value is updated againBy frequency-domain received signal YP3, pilot data P and pilot frequency locations collection
Close L3CS channel estimation is carried out, updated channel estimation value is obtained
Step 2-7: repeating step 2-3,2-4,2-5 and 2-6, until number of repetition be equal to preset threshold T, obtain most
Whole channel estimation value
Based on the finally obtained channel estimation value of the present inventionIt can obtain the solution adjusting data to frequency-domain received signal Y.
Claims (1)
1. the channel estimation methods for sub-carrier indices modulation ofdm system characterized by comprising
Transmitting terminal:
A. piecemeal: the subcarrier of sub-carrier index modulation ofdm system carries out piecemeal processing, obtains g=N/n sub-block, wherein
N indicates the subcarrier total number of system, and n indicates the subcarrier number of each sub-block；
B. modulate: to each sub-block, modulation module first extracts corresponding pilot frequency design bit and modulation bit, then modulation bit
It modulates to obtain the constellation point symbol to be sent by M-QAM, finally determines that n-k pilot tone places position according to pilot frequency design bit
It sets, remaining k subcarrier is for sending constellation point symbol；Therefore, the information bit of a frame symbol transmission is gklog2
(M)；Pilot frequency design bit isThen there is the total bit number to be
C. it sends: to each sub-block of system, carrying indexed modulated data according to mapping subcarriers by k number, n-k are led
Frequency mapping subcarriers carry indexed modulated pilot data, and the transmission power of two sub-carriers is arranged；
Receiving end:
D. first time pilot frequency locations judge: frequency-domain received signal Y uses partitioned mode identical with transmitting terminal, obtains g=N/n
Sub-block contains n subcarrier in each sub-block；After piecemeal, energy measuring is carried out to each sub-block, it is believed that energy in each sub-block
Sub-carrier positions where measuring the pilot data that n-k minimum sub-carrier positions are current sub-block, that is, search energy in each sub-block
It measures n-k minimum sub-carrier positions and is labeled as the pilot frequency locations l of current sub-blocki, subscript i is sub-block identifier, is led by g
Frequency position liConstitute pilot frequency locations set L1, by pilot frequency locations set L1Obtain the frequency-domain received signal Y at pilot frequency locationsP1；
E. initial channel estimation: using conventional channel estimation method by frequency-domain received signal YP1, pilot data P and pilot frequency locations collection
Close L1It carries out channel estimation and obtains first time channel estimation value
F. second of pilot frequency locations judgement: according to channel estimation valueEquilibrium treatment is carried out to frequency-domain received signal Y to be equalized
SignalTo equalizing signalUsing partitioned mode identical with transmitting terminal, g=N/n sub-block is obtained, is contained in each sub-block
N subcarrier after piecemeal, carries out energy measuring to each sub-block, it also hold that equalizing signalEach sub-block in energy
N-k minimum sub-carrier positions are the pilot frequency locations of current sub-block, constitute pilot frequency locations set by the pilot frequency locations of g sub-block
L2, by pilot frequency locations set L2Obtain the frequency-domain received signal Y at pilot frequency locationsP2；
G. channel estimation value is updated: by frequency-domain received signal YP2, pilot data P and pilot frequency locations set L2Two secondary channels are carried out to estimate
Meter, obtains second of channel estimation value
H. the pilot frequency locations of m misjudgment are rejected: calculating pilot frequency locations set L2In second of channel estimation at each pilot frequency locations
With the mean square error MSE of first time channel estimation valueP,i,j:Wherein i indicates i-th of son
Block, j indicate j-th of subcarrier in i-th of sub-block；Assuming that it is λ that pilot frequency locations, which reject coefficient, the value range of λ is 2%~
5%, by mean square error MSEP,i,jIt arranges in descending order, pilot frequency locations corresponding to m=λ (n-k) g square mean error amount before rejecting,
Obtain pilot frequency locations set L3, by pilot frequency locations set L3It can get the frequency-domain received signal Y at pilot frequency locationsP3；
I. channel estimation value is updated again: by frequency-domain received signal YP3, pilot data P and pilot frequency locations set L3Carry out channel more
New estimation obtains third time channel estimation value
J. repeat step f- step i, until number of repetition be equal to preset threshold T, obtain final channel estimation value
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| CN107317630B (en) * | 2017-06-29 | 2020-07-17 | 电子科技大学 | Multimode optical fiber transmission method based on subcarrier index modulation |
| CN107317783B (en) * | 2017-07-03 | 2019-09-13 | 电子科技大学 | Self-adaptive modulation method for index modulation OFDM |
| CN107707500B (en) * | 2017-08-30 | 2021-05-14 | 华南理工大学 | OFDM (orthogonal frequency division multiplexing) serial number modulation method based on multiple modes |
| CN108847917B (en) * | 2018-06-28 | 2021-03-16 | 电子科技大学 | Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing transmission method modulated by pilot frequency pattern |
| CN109412998B (en) * | 2018-12-25 | 2020-12-18 | 电子科技大学 | Position pattern design method in pilot frequency pattern modulation system |
| CN113765837B (en) * | 2021-11-09 | 2022-02-11 | 湖南省时空基准科技有限公司 | Modulation method, system, equipment and storage medium for narrow-band data broadcast |
| CN115276938A (en) * | 2022-07-21 | 2022-11-01 | 电子科技大学 | Pilot frequency transmission method for multi-antenna subcarrier index modulation OFDM |
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| CN104796375B (en) * | 2015-04-13 | 2017-12-15 | 电子科技大学 | A kind of channel estimation methods of the SIM OFDM based on pilot tone |
| CN104780130B (en) * | 2015-04-27 | 2017-10-17 | 电子科技大学 | A kind of improved SIM OFDM based on pilot tone channel estimation methods |
| CN104780129B (en) * | 2015-04-27 | 2017-10-17 | 电子科技大学 | A kind of improved SIM OFDM based on pilot tone channel estimation methods |
| CN105337921B (en) * | 2015-10-10 | 2018-09-21 | 中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司 | Multicarrier non orthogonal transmissions method based on sub-carrier indices modulation |
| CN106059729B (en) * | 2016-05-09 | 2018-12-11 | 电子科技大学 | A kind of power distribution method based on Euclidean distance for sub-carrier modulation system |
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